JPH0910234A - Production of prosthetic appliance for human body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To produce a tooth crown prosthetic appliance by numerically controlled machine tools or laser lithography with a relatively inexpensive device. CONSTITUTION: The procedures for producing the crown is executed by measuring the abutment tooth in the oral cavity and its circumference and the opposite tooth thereof by a measuring means 2 and inputting the measurement data into a measurement data memory 8. The defect part which is, for example, the right lower first molar is inputted by an input means 5. A measurement data extracting means 10 detects impression data according to previously set various conditions from the measurement data. A comparing means 11 successively compares the identification data preserved in an identification data memory 7 and the measured impression data. A selecting means 12 successively selects the desired processing data for the section excluding the characteristic section and the desired processing data for the characteristic section in accordance with the result of the comparison. Next, the crown is produced by the numerically controlled machine tools or laser lithography by the combination of plural pieces of the selected processing data.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses NC based on processing data.
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a human body prosthesis by performing cutting, grinding, or stereolithography.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Crown prostheses such as crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays, and veneers, and dental prostheses such as plate dentures,
Furthermore, human prostheses including artificial bones, artificial joints, etc. are manufactured using the principle of the buried casting method. An impression of the abutment tooth and its surroundings and an opposing tooth is taken, and the occlusal state is recorded on an articulating paper. Next, dental anhydrite is poured into the impression to make a working model with divided tooth molds. Next, a wax pattern is formed on the working model using an articulator and an articulating paper, a sprue is provided, and the work pattern is buried in a refractory material. Next, after burning the wax, the molten metal is filled into the space of the wax pattern shape through a sprue and cooled. The sprue is then removed and the surface is ground to give the desired prosthesis. By the way, the quality of this kind of prosthesis obtained by the above manufacturing method largely depends on the technical skills of the technicians involved in the manufacturing, and there are variations in the quality due to differences in the technicians' skill levels, etc. . In recent years, research on a method for manufacturing a human body prosthesis using a three-dimensional system has been advanced,
This tends to ensure the uniformity of quality by reducing the influence of the skill level of the technician or the like on the quality.
A method of manufacturing a human body prosthesis using a three-dimensional system is
For example, when manufacturing a dental prosthesis, take an impression of the abutment tooth and its surroundings and the opposing tooth, inject dental anhydrite into the impression and harden it to form a working model. The data of the tooth and its surroundings, which was treated by measuring the shape of the model by the three-dimensional measurement technology, is stored in a computer, a three-dimensional model is created from the data, and a general model selected from the database for this three-dimensional model is created. Different prosthesis shapes are overlapped, the general shape is changed to match the shape and function required for reproduction, NC data of this changed shape is created, and this NC data is used for milling machines and the like. Various types have been proposed, such as a NC machine tool controlled to automatically cut a processed material such as plastic or ceramic to obtain a prosthesis. However, all of these require the work of designing a prosthesis using three-dimensional CAD / CAM and creating processing data.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned prior art, although three-dimensional CAD /
There is a problem that it becomes a very expensive device because it requires a CAM system.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a human body prosthesis by performing NC cutting, grinding, or stereolithography using processing data with a relatively inexpensive device.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method for manufacturing a human body prosthesis according to the present invention is such that N
In the method of manufacturing a human body prosthesis by performing C cutting, grinding, or stereolithography, processing data of a plurality of types of standard model shapes and identification data of this processing data are stored in advance, and measurement data relating to a human body defect portion is stored. A desired processing data is selected based on the identification data and the identification data, and a human body prosthesis is manufactured based on the selected processing data.

According to the present invention, desired processing data based on the measurement data is selected, and a desired human body prosthesis is manufactured based on the selected processing data.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an apparatus configured to manufacture a dental binding, and comprises an arithmetic processing unit 1 including a personal computer, a measuring unit 2, a machine tool by NC, or a stereolithography apparatus, so-called laser lithography. It comprises a processing means 3, a display 4, and an input means 5. The arithmetic processing means 1 includes a processing data memory 6, an identification data memory 7, a measurement data memory 8,
Processing data selection means 9 and processing data selection means 9
Is composed of the measurement data extraction means 10, the comparison means 11, the selection means 12 and the deformation means 13, and the measurement means 2
Desired processing data based on the measurement data and the identification data obtained by the above are selected from the database stored in the processing data memory 6 for, for example, the characteristic part and the other part, and the selected processing data of the plurality of selected processing data are selected. The prosthesis is manufactured by sequentially controlling the processing means 3 according to the combination. The measuring means 2 is a measurement data memory 8 of the arithmetic processing unit 1.
An appropriate device capable of inputting measurement data such as an abutment tooth and its surroundings and a mating tooth can be used in, for example, when a contact type or non-contact type three-dimensional measuring machine is used, the abutment tooth and the Taking an impression of the surroundings and the opposing teeth, injecting dental anhydrite into the impression and hardening it to form a working model, and measuring the shape of this working model by a three-dimensional measuring machine and measuring data memory 8 To store. In this case, it is desirable that the measurement data be stored as data in which point sequence data is wireframed and smoothed. Similarly, when using a CT scan, the working model is also stored in the measurement data memory 8 as three-dimensional data measured by the conventional method. Further, the shape recognition device 14 shown in FIG. 3 can be used as the measuring unit 2. The shape recognition device 14 includes a pin matrix structure 15, a shape input device 16 and a restoration device 17. The pin matrix structure 15 associates a large number of pins 19 with a reference plate 18 in correspondence with three-dimensional X and Y coordinates. The through holes are arranged in a matrix. The shape input device 16 detects the amount of movement of the pin 19 in correspondence with the X and Y coordinates of the three-dimensional coordinates and sends a signal as the Z coordinate to the position detecting device 2.
0 is provided so that the pin matrix structure 15 can be detachably set by the elastic claw 21 that can be engaged and disengaged. The position detecting device 20 includes pins 19 on the reference plate 18.
And a detection 23 provided at equal intervals in the length direction of the pin 19, for example, at intervals of 0.5 mm, and the movement amount of the pin 19 is determined by the number of detections of the detection unit 23. ing. The restoring device 13 has an elastic claw 21 that can be engaged and disengaged.
By setting the pin matrix structure 15, the reference plane 24 moves the pins 19 to the initial setting position. Then, the pin 19 group of the pin matrix structure 15 is pressed against the abutment tooth and its periphery to move the pin 19 group according to the three-dimensional shape of the abutment tooth and its periphery, and then the pin matrix structure 15 is shaped. Input device 1
6 is set to 6 and the movement amount of each pin 19 is taken in as the Z coordinate in each X and Y coordinate by the position detection device 20 and stored in the measurement data memory 8. Thereafter, the restoration device 17 is set in the pin matrix structure 15 to restore the pins 19 of the pin matrix structure 15. Then, the three-dimensional coordinate value data for the opposing teeth are stored by the same operation procedure. According to this shape recognition device 14, since it is possible to directly measure in the oral cavity, it is possible to save the labor of the conventional plaster model production. In addition, as data that can be measured by a relatively inexpensive device, image data taken by a camera can be used. For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-73471, a camera (not shown) is used as the measuring unit 2, The front tooth image of the abutment tooth and its surroundings and the plaster model of the opposing tooth are photographed by one camera and the plane image is photographed by the other camera, and each image data is stored in the measurement data memory 8. Also, the impression data extraction means 1
0 stores the three-dimensional standard model data of the object to be photographed in advance, and the three-dimensional standard model is enlarged, reduced, moved, or rotated so as to match the size of the plaster model and the posture at the time of photographing. Then, the three-dimensional standard model shape is projected on the image under the same conditions as the image capturing conditions of the image to obtain the outline of the object or the existence range of the characteristic portion on the image,
Based on this, the contour of the object and the characteristic portion on the image are extracted as impression data. In the machining data memory 6, for example, models of various standard models are created,
This is measured by the above-mentioned three-dimensional measuring means to obtain three-dimensional coordinate value data, and based on this three-dimensional coordinate value data, various processing data created by a conventional method using three-dimensional CAD / CAM is stored. ing. Then, this processing data is used as a characteristic part having a characteristic in morphological change, for example, in the lower right first molar 25 shown in FIG. 4, a characteristic part which is an upper occlusal part 27 divided by a plane 26 and another lower part. 28, the characteristic portion is further divided into the occlusal portion 27 on the cheek side and the lingual side as shown in FIG. 5, and the cheek side is further divided on the left and right sides to the first to third characteristic portions 29 to 31. It is divided into Further, such processed data is managed so as to be readable by a management number, for example, in association with the identification data stored in the identification data memory 7. The identification data memory 7 distinguishes between front teeth and molars, distinguishes between upper and lower teeth, left and right teeth, and further types of tooth such as first premolar, second premolar, first molar, second molar, and third molar, or abutment. Attribute data for grouping by attributes such as formed abutment tooth, cavity formed abutment tooth or core formed abutment tooth morphology type is stored as identification data, and each group has its characteristic part. Attribute data that groups other parts in corresponding parent-child relationships is saved as identification data, and each of these groups is set in descendant relationships for each setting data that corresponds to measurement values such as size and angle. The data is stored as identification data, and thus the identification data for grouping in order is stored. Based on the three-dimensional coordinate value data, which is the measurement data, the measurement data extraction means 10 determines the size, shape, and margin line position of the abutment tooth 32 shown in FIG. 6 when the lower right first molar 25 is missing, for example. , And the distance between the lower right second premolar 33 and the second molar 34, the lower right second premolar 33 and the second molar 3
4, the measurement data such as the cusp shape of the upper right first molar 35, the contact point, and the Pound's line are detected by calculation. The setting data, which is identification data, is, for example, an allowable range, and it is sequentially determined whether or not the extracted measurement data is within the allowable range, and the one whose measured value is within the allowable range of the identification data is processed as desired. Select as data. Then, the selected processing data is deformed by the deforming means 13 in accordance with the difference between the measured value and the allowable range, for example, the intermediate value. For example, the procedure for making a crown is
It is operated in an interactive manner with the display contents of the display 4, and after treating a tooth as shown in FIG. 2, the tooth is shaved to form an abutment tooth 32, and the abutment tooth 32 in the oral cavity and its surroundings. The teeth 33, 34 and the opposing teeth 35, 36, 37 are measured by the measuring means 2 and input to the measurement data memory 8. Further, the input means 5 inputs attribute data of the defective portion, for example, the lower right first molar. Next, the measurement data extraction means 10 extracts the measurement data from the measurement data according to various preset conditions. Next, the comparison means 11 sequentially compares the input designated attribute data and the extracted measurement data with the data stored in the identification data memory 7. Based on this comparison result, the selection means 12 sequentially selects the desired processing data for the part excluding the characteristic part and the desired processing data for the characteristic part, and performs the deformation process.
Next, N is selected by combining a plurality of selected processing data.
A crown is manufactured by a C machine tool or laser lithography. In this case, it is desirable to specify the outer shape of the part excluding the characteristic part as one standard shape for each type of tooth. Further, it is desirable that the number of pieces of processing data is provided with a database in consideration of an allowable error range that can be corrected by hand finishing after processing by this manufacturing method. In the above embodiment, only the third characteristic portion 31 may be set as the characteristic portion, and the combination of the portion 28, the portion 29, and the portion 30 may be set as the other portion. If the characteristic portion is appropriately selected. Good. In the above embodiment,
Although the case where the combination of the characteristic part and the other parts can be selected is shown, various kinds of machining data of the tooth model shape which is not divided without dividing the characteristic part and the other parts are stored and processed by the method shown in FIG. It may be configured to select data. The deforming means 13 enlarges or reduces the selected machining data, which permits machining in at least one of X, Y, and Z directions when it is found necessary in the comparison between the measurement data and the identification data. Scaling processing is performed on the processed data within the range. Further, in the above embodiment, the attribute data is input from the input means 5, but the attribute of the defective portion may be determined based on the measurement data. in this way,
In this embodiment, desired processing data based on the measurement data and the identification data is selected, and a desired human body prosthesis is manufactured based on the selected processing data. Therefore, three-dimensional CAD / CA is used.
A relatively inexpensive device that does not require M can be provided. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, although the description has been made by taking a crown prosthesis as an example, the invention can be applied to various human body prostheses such as a metal floor, a resin denture, an artificial bone, and an artificial joint. Further, the abutment tooth in the present invention means an abutment tooth having an abutment, an abutment tooth having a cavity, or an abutment tooth having a core.

[0007]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a method capable of manufacturing a human body prosthesis by a NC machine tool or laser lithography with a relatively inexpensive device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a shape recognition device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing a characteristic part and other parts.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a divided state of a characteristic portion and another portion.

FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing measurement contents.

FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing measurement contents.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 measuring means 3 processing means 6 processing data memory 9 processing data selecting means

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a human body prosthesis by performing NC cutting, grinding or stereolithography based on processing data, and processing data of a plurality of standard model shapes and identification data of this processing data are stored in advance. Then, a desired processing data is selected based on the measurement data regarding the human body defect portion and the identification data, and the human prosthesis is manufactured based on the selected processing data.