JPH08242557A - Structure for cooling high-speed rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the efficiency of a high-speed rotary machine by circulating cooling air in the machine without using any cooling fan. CONSTITUTION: In a flat rotary machine, an air ventilating duct hole 5-1 is bored through a rotor 15 and a plurality of radial air ventilating duct holes 19-1 which communicate with the hole 5-1 are bored through the rotor 15 toward a clearance in which the inner peripheral part of a stator coil 10 is arranged. At the same time, a plurality of air ventilating duct holes 10-1 are bored through a spacer 16 from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side. In addition, air ventilating duct holes 1-2 and air ventilating duct grooves 1-1 which respectively communicate with the duct holes 16-1 of the spacer 16 are bored through a cylindrical case 1 and air ventilating holes 201 are bored through an end-side bracket 2 so that the holes 2-1 can respectively communicate with the duct grooves 1-1 of the case 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling structure for a high-speed rotating machine, and more particularly to a high-speed rotating machine having a structure in which a rotor and a stator are combined in a comb shape. The present invention relates to a cooling structure of a high-speed rotating machine in which cooling air is circulated by itself.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional flat rotating machines, for example, flat motors, are limited to those having a relatively small capacity, and therefore need not be particularly cooled. In addition, since its rotational speed was used in a low range, cooling relied only on heat conduction.

[0003]

However, when the flat rotary machine becomes large in size with high speed rotation at a high speed, the output per weight or volume becomes extremely large, so that the efficiency is high even though the weight is high. The loss per hit will also increase.

In the flat rotating machine, a permanent magnet having a high energy density, for example, neodymium Nd, iron Fe, and boron B is used in order to make the coreless. However, the magnetic force of this permanent magnet tends to decrease at high temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to use it at an ambient temperature of 120 ° or less.

For this reason, in a large-capacity and large-sized flat rotating machine, cooling of the stator coil has become an important issue. Further, cooling for that purpose is also desired to be performed with low loss in accordance with the purpose of increasing the efficiency.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and utilizes the structure of a rotating machine forming a comb-shaped combination without using a cooling fan as a load, that is, in the difference in the peripheral speed of the rotor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling structure for a high-speed rotating machine that utilizes a pressure difference generated based on the above to circulate cooling air by itself.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the cooling structure for a high speed rotating machine of the present invention comprises a stator fixed to a cylindrical case and a shaft having a portion having a different radius. In a cooling structure of a high-speed rotating machine including a rotor and a bracket, wherein the rotor and the stator are combined and rotated in a comb shape, the shaft of the rotor is
A ventilation duct hole is provided in the axial direction, a plurality of ventilation duct holes are radially formed in the comb-shaped bottom of the rotor, and these ventilation duct holes are respectively communicated with the ventilation duct holes of the shaft. None, the cylindrical case to which the stator is fixed is provided with a plurality of ventilation duct grooves along its axial direction, and the comb-shaped bottom of the stator is provided with a plurality of ventilation duct holes from inside to outside. Along with it, the ventilation duct holes are formed to communicate with the ventilation duct grooves of the cylindrical case, respectively, and the ventilation holes are formed in the bracket on the end side so as to communicate with the ventilation duct grooves of the cylindrical case. It is characterized in that the cooling air is circulated based on the pressure difference caused by the peripheral speeds of different parts.

The bracket on the end side is provided with an end cover having fins for radiating heat, and a high-speed rotating machine has a closed structure. Cooling gas is enclosed in the inside of the bracket and is cooled through the ventilation duct holes. Self-circulate the gas,
You may make it cool.

The central axis of the shaft is provided with an air volume adjusting mechanism for substantially varying the diameter of the ventilation duct hole,
The cooling air volume is adjusted.

[0010]

When the rotor is rotating at a high speed, the peripheral speed near the outer periphery of the portion with a large radius of the rotor is higher than the peripheral speed near the inner diameter of the portion with a small radius, so a pressure difference occurs between the two. Due to the formation of ventilation passages in the part,
The gas flows in the high-speed rotating machine and a so-called fan action occurs.

[0011]

1 is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of a cooling structure for a flat rotating machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

The flat rotary machine of FIG. 1 is shown to have a three-stage structure, and can be a single-stage flat rotary machine as will be described later. 1 and 2, brackets 2 are fixed to both ends of a cylindrical case 1 with screws 3. A bearing 4 is fitted in each bracket 2, and a shaft 5 is rotatably supported by the brackets 2 on both sides. Four flat disk-shaped flat rotors 8 are arranged and fixed to the shaft 5 with a gap 9 therebetween. A plurality of permanent magnets 6 having different polarities are sequentially fixed to the disc-shaped flat rotor 8. The permanent magnets 6 of the two flat rotors 8 arranged with the gap 9 therebetween are opposite in polarity. These permanent magnets 6 are fixed by a magnet holder 19, a nonmagnetic ring 20, and the like.

Reference numeral 7 is a yoke, and rotor 15 is 4
It is composed of one flat type rotor 8. For these permanent magnets 6, a magnet having a high energy density, for example, a magnetic material of an alloy containing neodymium Nd, iron Fe, and boron B is used.

A disk-shaped stator coil 10 having a flat shape and shown in FIG. 5, that is, an armature winding, is provided in each space 9 formed by the two flat rotors 8. Has been done. The stator coil 10 is
As shown in FIG. 4, U-, V-, and L-shaped litz wires of an insulated electric wire in which thin enameled wires having a diameter of about 0.1 mm are combined from 10 to several tens of wires, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the coils 11 of each phase W are arranged in a circle, and
It has a layered structure and is solidified by molding with an insulating varnish or a synthetic resin material.

FIG. 3 shows a partial sectional view of an embodiment of the stator coil. Insulating paper 12 is sandwiched between the layers of each coil 11, and the insulating paper 12 is also molded on the surface. A fixing hole 13 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the stator coil 10.

The stator coil 10 is sandwiched between circular spacers 16 shown in FIG. 6, and fixing holes 17 are formed in the spacer 16 and fixing holes formed in the stator coil 10. It is fixed to one of the brackets 2 with a bolt 18 using the holes 13. At this time, the portion of the coil 11 of the stator coil 10 is the permanent magnet 6
Needless to say, it is arranged at the position of.

A ventilation duct hole 5-1 is formed in the central axis of the shaft 5, and a plurality of radial ventilation duct holes 5-2 are formed in communication with the ventilation duct hole 5-1. There is. An adjusting nut 5-3 for adjusting the air volume is replaceably attached to the end portion of the shaft 5 depending on the size of the inner diameter hole of the adjusting nut 5-3.
That is, by changing the adjusting nut 5-3, the inner diameter hole is changed to adjust the cooling air volume.

Further, the magnet holder 19 fixed to the shaft 5 has a ventilation duct hole 19 communicating with the radial ventilation duct hole 5-2 formed in the shaft 5.
-1 is provided. Ventilation duct holes 16-1 are provided in the spacers 16, respectively, and are communicated with the ventilation duct holes 16-1 of the spacers 16 to form the cylindrical case 1.
A ventilation duct hole 1-2 is formed in the. Further, the cylindrical case 1 is communicated with these ventilation duct holes 1-2 and is provided with a plurality of ventilation duct grooves 1-1 in the axial direction thereof. Further, ventilation holes 2-1 are formed in the end side bracket 2 so as to communicate with the ventilation duct grooves 1-1 of the cylindrical case 1.

These shaft 5 and magnet holder 1
9, ventilation duct holes 5 provided in the spacer 16 respectively
-1, 5-2, 19-1, 16-1 and ventilation duct hole 1-2 provided in the cylindrical case 1 and its ventilation duct groove 1-
1, and the ventilation hole 2-1 formed in the end bracket 2 forms a flow passage, and the cooling air passes through the flow passage, and the heat generated in the stator coil 10 is dissipated and cooled.

In the cooling structure of the flat rotating machine of the present invention thus constructed, when the rotor 15 is rotating at a high speed, the peripheral speed of the outer peripheral portion of the flat rotor 8 is the disk-shaped stator coil 10. Since the peripheral speed of the coil holder is larger than the peripheral speed of the magnet holder 19 in the vicinity of the air gap position, that is, the flat rotor 8 of the spacer 16
The flow velocity in the vicinity of the ventilation duct hole 16-1 on the side is faster than the flow velocity in the vicinity of the gap position where the coil inner diameter peripheral portion of the stator coil 10 of the magnet holder 19 is arranged, and a pressure difference occurs between the two. A so-called cooling air flows from the ventilation duct hole 19-1 of the magnet holder 19 toward the ventilation duct hole 16-1 of the spacer 16 on the flat rotor 8 side. That is, a fan action occurs.

As a result, the adjusting nut 5-3 and the shaft 5
Ventilation duct holes 5-1 and 5-2, magnet holder 19
Ventilation duct hole 19-1, the air gap 9, the ventilation duct hole 16-1 of the spacer 16, the ventilation duct hole 1 of the cylindrical case 1-
2, the rear cover 2 through the flow passage of the ventilation duct groove 1-1
Cooling air passes through to side 1. The hot air that has cooled the stator coil 10 is directly discharged to the outside via the rear cover 21.

Alternatively, the rear cover 21 is provided with the fins 21-1 for internal heat exchange and the fins 21-2 for external heat exchange to make the inside of the flat rotating machine a hermetically sealed structure, for example, hydrogen inside. If a cooling gas such as helium or helium is enclosed, the cooling gas circulates by the fan action. Therefore, the cooling gas that has cooled the stator coil 10 is used as the fins 21 for internal heat exchange.
-1 and heat is dissipated via the fins 21-2 for external heat exchange. At this time, the flat rotating machine can further reduce the wind loss, and an efficient motor or generator can be manufactured.

In the above description, a flat rotary machine having a three-stage structure has been described.
The stator coil 10 and the flat rotor 8 of the set are not removed.

In the above description, the flat rotary machine has been described. However, in a high speed rotary machine having a structure in which a rotor and a stator are combined and rotated in a comb shape,
Not only the illustrated coreless structure but also the structure including a core can similarly circulate the cooling air without providing a cooling fan.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, the gas flow passage is formed in the shaft, the inside of the stator, the cylindrical case, etc., and the fan action is generated by utilizing the peripheral speed difference of the rotor rotating at a high speed. Since it circulates by itself, it can be cooled without using a cooling fan which should be an original load, and the wind loss is eliminated, so that an efficient motor or generator can be manufactured. In a high-speed rotating machine configured to contain cooling gas, a more efficient motor or generator can be manufactured.

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the high-speed rotating machine. Further, by providing the shaft with an air volume mechanism for controlling the air volume, the cooling air volume can be freely adjusted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a cooling structure for a flat rotating machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a stator coil.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of winding of a coil.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a stator coil.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an example of a spacer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylindrical Case 1-1 Ventilation Duct Groove 1-2 Ventilation Duct Hole 2 Bracket 2-1 Ventilation Hole 5 Shaft 5-1 Ventilation Duct Hole 6 Permanent Magnet 7 Yoke 8 Flat Type Rotor 9 Gap 10 Stator Coil 11 Coil 15 Rotor 16 Spacer 16-1 Ventilation duct hole 21 Rear cover 21-1 Fin

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A high speed rotating machine comprising a stator fixed to a cylindrical case, a rotor having a shaft having portions with different radii, and a bracket, wherein the rotor and the stator are combined and rotated in a comb shape. In the cooling structure of a rotary machine, the shaft of the rotor is provided with ventilation duct holes in the axial direction thereof, and a plurality of ventilation duct holes are radially provided at the bottom of the rotor comb shape, and these ventilation duct holes are provided. And the ventilation duct holes of the shaft are communicated with each other.The cylindrical case to which the stator is fixed is provided with a plurality of ventilation duct grooves along the axial direction of the stator. A plurality of ventilation duct holes facing outward are formed, and these ventilation duct holes are connected to the ventilation duct grooves of the cylindrical case, respectively. Vent holes are formed in the casing in a form communicating with the ventilation duct groove of the cylindrical case, respectively, and the cooling air is circulated based on the pressure difference caused by the peripheral speeds of the parts having different radii. High speed rotating machine cooling structure. 2. The end side bracket is provided with an end cover provided with fins for heat radiation, and a high-speed rotating machine is hermetically sealed structure. Cooling gas is enclosed inside the high-speed rotating machine and is passed through the ventilation duct holes. The cooling structure for a high-speed rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the cooling gas is circulated by itself. 3. The air flow rate adjusting mechanism for substantially varying the diameter of the ventilation duct hole is provided on the central axis of the shaft to adjust the cooling air flow rate. Cooling structure for high-speed rotating machines.