JPH0768523B2 - Coke oven charging material consolidation method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a method for top-consolidating a raw material charged in a furnace for improving non-uniform carbonization in a furnace when producing coke in a chamber furnace type coke oven, and a method therefor. It relates to the device.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 7 shows an example of a side view showing the mechanism of the chamber furnace type coke oven. In the production of coke, a coking coal 1 is usually dropped into a carbonization chamber 1 having 4 to 5 charging ports 2 at the upper part by a coal feeding car 3 from a furnace through a charging port 2 and the extruder 5 side. Insert the leveler 7 through the opening 6 at the top of the kiln, contact the upper surface of the raw coal, move it forward and backward over the entire length of the carbonization chamber, and perform leveling work.
After leveling the upper surface so that the generated gas passage 8 can be secured, heating is performed through bricks from both sides of the carbonization chamber 1, that is, the combustion chambers on the front and rear sides in FIG. The generated coke opens the front and back doors 9 and 10 of the carbonization chamber 1, and pushes out to the front door 9 side by the extruder 5,
It is installed on the fire extinguisher 12 via the guide car 11.

The coke produced by this method is the coke chamber length, furnace height,
It is known that there are large quality deviations and carbonization temperature deviations in three directions of the oven width.

One of the causes of these deviations is that the raw material charged into the furnace has extremely large bulk density deviations in the furnace length, furnace height and furnace width direction. That is, as a result of the coking coal being dropped and charged from the charging port 2 on the furnace, the bulk density deviation in the furnace height direction is lower than that in the lower part of the furnace, and the charging density of the charging port 2 in the furnace length direction is low.
The bulk density between the charging port and the kiln port tends to be lower than that immediately below. Also in the furnace width direction, the bulk density tends to be higher in the center of the furnace due to friction between the furnace wall and the contact portion of the raw coal. The present inventors have studies as an example of a furnace bulk density deviation, it was confirmed that the resulting of approximately ± 50 kg / m ³ things large deviations in the case of the average bulk density of 735kg / m ^3.

Such deviation of the bulk density of the charged raw material in the furnace naturally causes not only the quality of the coke but also the deviation of the carbonization temperature, which impedes the stabilization of the quality of the coke and leads to a decrease in the carbonization efficiency. become. Therefore, development of a technique for uniformly adjusting the bulk density of the raw material coal charged has become an extremely important issue.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Against this background, in recent years, various attempts have been made to improve the bulk density deviation in the upper part of the raw material coal by adding a leveler.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 2 (a), the structure of the conventional leveler is that the leveler main body 7 has both side plates extending in the furnace length direction.
Because of the ladder-like structure without the top plate and bottom plate in which partition plates 14 are installed at regular intervals inside 13, 13, as shown in the schematic diagram of the coke oven main part longitudinal section in Fig. 5 (a), The function of consolidating the upper surface of the charged raw material coal 4 is only to play the role of leveling the upper surface of the input raw material coal 4 directly under the charging port 2 and the charging mountain portion of the raw material coal between the charging port and the charging port. I didn't have it. Moreover, it cannot be said that the charging height between the charging port 2 and between the charging ports 2 is completely leveled. Further, as shown in the schematic view of the cross section of the main part of the coke oven in the width direction of FIG. 6 (a), only the central portion 3/4 in the width direction of the oven could be leveled.

On the other hand, in order to improve the bulk density of the charged raw material coal in the upper part of the furnace, for example, Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 59-184345, 59-18437, and JP 62-11794 have a pressure excitation. A leveler equipped with a mechanism is disclosed, and there is one that attempts to consolidate the upper surface of the raw coal by using this leveler. However, this is feared that the brick wall of the furnace wall may be broken or damaged due to vibration, and it is mechanically complicated to incorporate a vibration device into the leveler. It is doubtful.

In addition, since these have a structure in which the tip of the leveler is bent by a cylinder device or the whole leveler is tilted, the tilting angle is fixed and the vibration-consolidation effect is uniform on the uneven raw coal surface. It may not happen.

In addition, as in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 59-18435, some levelers equipped with a pressure plate are tilted by using a guide member provided near the kiln as a fulcrum to press the surface of the coking coal, but the entire leveler is tilted. Is not allowed on a large scale in terms of equipment, and the one with a fixed tilt angle as described above has the effect of consolidating the peaks of the coking coal with peaks and valleys, but the consolidation of the valleys is also possible. Seems to be ineffective.

Further, as in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-272284, there is a bottom plate which is tilted upward toward the rear for each box made of a partition plate on the lower surface of the leveler, and the tilt plate is used for the consolidation effect. It is unlikely that a large degree of bulk density improvement will be achieved if the top surface of the charcoal is slightly consolidated.

The present invention is intended to provide a method and an apparatus for improving the bulk density of the raw material coal charged in the upper part of the coke oven, which is simple and effective, while recognizing the problems of the prior art.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention is a beam main body provided in contact with the upper surface of a raw material coal charged in a coke oven carbonization chamber so as to be capable of advancing and retracting over the entire length of the carbonization chamber, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 (b) and FIG. 2 (b),
The present invention is based on a method and apparatus in which a load plate 15 is connected to at least the tip of a leveler by a hinge 16 and the upper surface of a charging raw material is consolidated by the weight of the load plate when the leveler retracts.

That is, the invention that is the basis of the present invention is such that at least the tip of the beam main body provided in contact with the upper surface of the raw material coal charged into the coke oven carbonization chamber so as to be able to move forward and backward over the entire length of the carbonization chamber
As shown in the figure (b), the pressure face plate portion 17 that abuts the upper surface of the raw material for charging the carbonization chamber and the leveling portion that recedes obliquely upward from it.
A load plate 15 provided with 18 is connected to the beam main body at its rear upper end with a hinge 16 structure, and the load plate 15 is hung inside the beam main body when the beam main body moves forward, and the load plate 15 is beamed when the beam main body moves backward. It is hung outside the main body, and the pressure face plate portion 17 consolidates the upper surface of the raw coal by the weight of the load plate.

In order to prevent the limitation of the opening width of the kiln mouth and the damage to the bricks on both sides of the furnace wall, the invention according to claim 1 provides As shown in Figures (a) and (b), this is a further improvement in that it was possible to level or consolidate only about 3/4 of the center of the furnace width direction. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), at least the tip of the main body, the pressure surface plate portion 17 that contacts the upper surface of the raw material for charging the carbonization chamber, and the leveling portion 18 that recedes obliquely upward from the pressure surface plate portion 17.
A load plate 15 having a and a rear end is connected to the beam main body by a hinge 16 structure, the load plate 15 is hung inside the beam main body when the beam main body moves forward, and the load plate 15 is outside the beam main body when the beam main body retreats. In the method of suspending and consolidating the upper surface of the raw coal with the pressure plate part by the weight of the load plate,
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a plurality of pressure face plates that try to spread outwardly to the left and right with a weak force that can repel the pressure face plate portion 17 inward.
17 ', 17 ", at least when the beam body retracts, spread the pressure plates 17', 17" of the suspended load plates outward and left and right to consolidate the raw coal over the entire furnace width. How to do is summarized.

The inventions of claims 2 and 3 relate to a coke oven charging material compaction device suitable for carrying out the invention of claim 1, wherein the former is a carbonization chamber as shown in FIG. A load plate 15 provided with a pressure surface plate portion 17 in contact with the upper surface of the charging raw material and a leveling portion 18 retracting obliquely upward from it is connected to the beam main body 7 at the upper rear end thereof by a hinge 16 structure, and the beam main body advances. At the time, the load plate is lifted up, and when the beam main body retracts, it is hung outside the beam main body, and the weight of the load plate is used to consolidate the upper surface of the raw coal with the pressure face plate portion, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The pressure face plate portion is composed of a plurality of pressure face plates 17 ′, 17 ″ capable of expanding to the left and right, and a linear protrusion forming an appropriate angle 24 with the advancing direction axis on the surface of the pressure face plate in contact with the upper surface of the raw coal. A linear notch 23 is provided, and when the beam body retracts, Serial multiple of the pressure surface plate 17 ', 1
The gist is a coke oven charging material consolidating device configured to automatically spread 7 ″ across the entire width of the furnace. The latter is the above consolidating device in which a plurality of pressure face plates 17 ′, 17 ″ and a load plate are beam beams. Attach a guide 21 that has an inclined guide surface that contacts the beam body when hoisting inside the main body, so that when lifting the load plate, the multiple pressure face plates 17 ', 17 "in the open state automatically narrow inward. The gist is the compaction device for the raw material charged in the coke oven.

[Action]

In the invention method which is the basis of the present invention, as described above,
As can be seen in FIGS. 2B and 2B, for example, the leveler 7 has a load plate 15 at least at its tip, and the load plate 15 is connected to the main body of the leveler 7 by a hinge 16. When the leveler moves forward, for example, it is hung up by the wire 20 inside the leveler main body, and when the leveler moves backward, the wire 20 is loosened and the load plate 15 is hung outside the leveler with the hinge 16 as a fulcrum and the pressure face plate part 17 is loaded on the upper surface of the raw coal. multiply. This state is the fifth
As can be understood from the schematic view of the coke oven kiln section in the furnace length direction in Fig. (B) and Fig. 6 (B), when the leveler 7 is retracted, the leveling part 18 of the load plate 15 has a high charging level. It is not allowed to scrape the raw coal directly under the charging port 2 into the kiln port with a low charging level or between the charging ports to enhance the leveling effect. Since the amount can also be kept constant, the consolidation effect is kept constant in the furnace length direction.

In addition to the above effects, the present invention of claims 1 and 2 is characterized in that a plurality of pressure face plates 17 ', 17 "of the load plate 15 for applying a load to the upper surface of the raw coal are spread to the outside left and right, for example, when the leveler retracts. As can be seen from Fig. 6 (c), the charging raw material coal is uniformly consolidated over the entire furnace width, and the deviation of the bulk density of the charging raw material in the furnace length, furnace height and furnace width direction can be corrected.

Further, in the apparatus provided with the guide 21 of claim 3, when the load plate 15 is lifted, the expanded pressure face plates 17 ', 17 "are automatically narrowed inward and accommodated in the leveler. At the time of extraction, the leveler can be advanced as it is without damaging the upper opening 6 of the kiln and without fear of damaging the left and right furnace walls 25, 25.

〔Example〕

Next, with respect to the invention which is the basis of the present invention, an embodiment will be described by taking a case where an ordinary leveler main body is used as a beam main body as an example.

In FIG. 1 (b) and FIG. 2 (b), 7 is a leveler main body, and the leveler used in the invention which is the basis of the present invention has a load plate 15 at least at its tip.

The load plate 15 is one pressure face plate portion 17 parallel to the upper surface of the coking coal raw material coal.
Further, it has a leveling portion 18 which recedes obliquely upward, and is connected to the leveler 7 main body by a hinge 16 at the upper rear portion thereof, and the load plate 15 has a structure which can freely swing about the hinge 16.

The load plate 15 uses a wire and a pulley in the illustrated example in order to suspend the leveler 7 in the leveler body when the leveler 7 advances over the entire length of the carbonization chamber 1. That is, the wire 20 tied to the tip 21 of the load plate 15 is guided rearward through a pulley 22 provided at a leveler portion just above the load plate 15 and wound on a winch (not shown). That is, when advancing the leveler 7, the wire 20 is pulled by a winch, the tip 21 of the load plate 15 is lifted up around the hinge 16, and the load plate is housed in the leveler main body 7 (shown by solid line in FIG. 2). .

Next, when retracting the leveler 7 over the entire length of the carbonization chamber 1, the winch is turned to loosen the wire 20, and the load plate 15
Is hung around the hinge 16 by its own weight outside the leveler 7 (shown by a chain line in FIG. 2 (b)).

When the leveler 7 is retracted in this state, as shown in Fig. 5 (b), the load plate has the effect of leveling the raw coal directly under the charging port 2 with a high charging level to the kiln port with a low charging level or between charging ports. This is not permitted by the leveling section 18 of FIG. 1, and the load plate 15 freely swings and the pressure face plate portion 17 applies a load to the upper surface of the raw material coal 4 for compaction.

What is important here is that the load plate 15 hinges 16 to the leveler 7.
The method of hoisting and suspending the load plate 15 is not limited to the method using the pulley 22 and the wire 20 described above, and other suitable alternative means may be used.

FIGS. 3 and 4 (a) (b) are a back side plan view, a side view and a front view of the pressure face plate portion of the load plate used in the method and apparatus of the present invention. The load plate used in these methods and devices is also the same as in the invention of the aforementioned foundation.
Reference numeral 15 has a pressure surface plate portion 17 parallel to the upper surface of the raw material coal in the carbonization chamber, and a leveling portion 18 that recedes obliquely upward from the pressure surface plate portion 17, which is connected to the leveler body by a hinge at the upper rear portion thereof and freely swings around this hinge. With such a structure, a plurality of pressure surface plates can be formed so that the pressure surface plate portion 17 can be expanded laterally outward.

That is, in the example of FIG. 4, the rear end is connected to the leveling portion 18 by a hinge 16 'structure, and is composed of two overlapping pressure face plates 17', 17 "which can be fanned out to the left and right. As described above, the structure in which the rear end is hingedly connected and expanded to the left and right like a fan is an example, and the invention is not limited to this.For example, a plurality of pressure face plates are connected by a plow-like hinge, and left and right like an accordion. Any structure, such as a structure that can be expanded, can be used so long as it can be freely expanded to the left and right over the entire furnace width.

As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of pressure face plates 17 ', 17 "connected as described above are provided with linear protrusions or linear notches 23 formed on the back surface at an appropriate angle with respect to the traveling direction axis, When the leveler body retracts, the pressure face plate pressed against the raw coal in the carbonization chamber by its own weight changes the drag force received from the charging raw material into the component force in the furnace width direction by the linear projections or linear cuts, and automatically The coking coal is spread over the entire width of the left and right outer furnaces, and the coking coal is compacted over the entire width of the furnace. In this case, the force to expand outward left and right is weak enough to repel inward, so both side furnace walls 25, There is almost no effect on 25.

The angle 24 with the traveling direction axis of the linear protrusion or the linear notch 23 varies depending on the weight of the load plate 15, the height of the linear protrusion or notch 23, or the depth, the length, and the number, so that Determined based on the conditions under which the face plate spreads smoothly. For example, the load of the load plate 15 is 50 g / cm ² , the height of the linear protrusions is 5 mm,
If the length is 150 mm, 30 ° to 60 ° is appropriate, and if it is less than 30 °, the pressure plate will not spread smoothly, and if it exceeds 60 °, the pressure applied to the furnace wall 25 of the open pressure plate will be large, which is not preferable. . The example shown in FIG. 3 is merely an example, and instead of utilizing the drag force received from the upper surface of the raw coal, other suitable means such as expanding with a spring may be used.

Reference numeral 21 in FIG. 4 (a) (b) is a guide provided on the pressure face plates 17 ', 17 "and having an inclined guide surface, and is loaded by the wire 20 to advance the leveler 7 shown in FIG. 1 (b). Board 15
When hoisting the inside of the leveler, the inclined guide surface of the guide 21 comes into contact with the leveler side plate 13 of Fig. 1 (b), and the pressure face plates 17 ', 17 "in the open state are automatically narrowed inward. To do.

Fig. 8 shows the load amount g /
cm ² and depth distance (m) from top surface of coking coal and bulk density kg /
In the chart that investigated the relationship with m ³ , the depth distance was approximately 10 to 100 g / cm ^2.
It was found that the bulk density was improved in the range of 1 m, and the effect was small even if a load exceeding 100 g / cm ² was applied, which was meaningless.

In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, an experiment with a model furnace was conducted.

The coke model furnace has a carbonization chamber with a height of 7.125 m and a furnace width of 46.
Only the furnace length of the 0 mm, 16.5 m long actual operation furnace was halved, and it was installed at the end of the furnace group of the actual operation furnace so that the raw material could be charged into the model furnace using the actual operation coal car. .

Fig. 9 shows a model side view of the model furnace. In order to measure the bulk density of the charged coking coal, the sampling holes are located 1.5,3,4.5,5.5,6,6.5 from the furnace bottom in the furnace height direction. A total of 36 holes were installed at 6 locations of m, two locations immediately below the two inlets in the furnace length direction, two locations between the inlet and the kiln, and two locations between the inlet and the inlet.

In the experiment, the blended coal used in normal operation (raw material particle size: 3 mm or less, 83% by weight, water content: 9.2% by weight) was charged into a model furnace using an ordinary coal car, and then the leveler used in the present invention was used. The method was carried out, and its effect was evaluated by measuring the bulk density of the charge and the height of the raw material coal. The pressure plates used in the experiment were one with a load of 50 g / cm ² and the shape shown in Fig. 1 (b), a load of 50 g / cm ² , and two pressure plates 17 ',
A 17 ″ back surface with 5 notches with a depth of 3 mm provided at 45 ° was used. For comparison, an experiment using the leveler used in the conventional method shown in FIG. went.

As shown in Fig. 10, the result of the above experiment is from the bottom of the furnace.
The bulk density distribution at the 6 mm position is (・
Compared with (mark), when the method of the invention that is the basis of the present invention and the method of the present invention are performed and the upper surface of the charging coal is consolidated with a load of 50 g / cm ² (mark and x mark), The difference in bulk density between directly below the kiln and the kiln or kiln is greatly improved,
Moreover, a bulk density improving effect of 25 to 65 kg / m ³ was recognized.

In particular, since the method of the present invention using two pressure face plates consolidates the entire kiln width, it was confirmed that the effect of improving the bulk density is greater than that when one pressure face plate is used.

In addition, in the measurement of the charging height performed at the same time, as shown in FIG. 11, in the case of the conventional method (marked), the difference in charging height immediately below the charging port and the kiln, or between the charging port is 40 ~ What was 60 cm, when the method of the present invention was carried out and the charging coal top surface with a load of 50 g / cm ² was leveled (mark and x), the difference was improved to within 10 cm, and the leveling effect was also It was confirmed to be high.

Next, as a result of testing the influence of the load amount by the load plate 15 in the method of the present invention using one pressure plate,
As shown in the figure, similar to the result of the basic experiment (Fig. 8), the influence of the load is about 1 m from the top of the coking coal in the furnace height direction.
If the load amount is 10 g / cm ² or more, it is possible to suppress a decrease in bulk density of about 1 m at the upper part, and even if a load amount exceeding 100 g / cm ² is added, further improvement of the bulk density cannot be expected, and 10 to 100 g / cm The range of ² was judged to be appropriate as the load amount.

〔The invention's effect〕

As can be understood from the above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the bulk density of the charged raw material coal is uniform over the entire width of the furnace by the furnace length of the chamber furnace type coke oven, the furnace height direction, and the further spread of the pressure plate. It has a remarkable effect of uniformization and uniform charging height.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of a conventional leveler, and FIG. 1 (b).
Is a perspective view showing an example of a load plate used in the invention which is the basis of the present invention and attached to the leveler main body, FIG. 2 (a) is a side view of the tip portion of FIG. 1 (a), and FIG. (B) is a side view of the tip portion of FIG. 1 (b), FIG. 3 is an example of a load plate used in the present invention, a back side plan view of the flat plate portion, and FIG. 4 (a) is a side view of the same. Figure (b) is the same as the above front view, No. 5
FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic sectional view of a coke oven main part in the furnace length direction showing an embodiment of conventional leveling, and FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic sectional view of a coke furnace main part in the furnace length direction showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention. FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic sectional view in the width direction of the main part of a coke oven showing an embodiment of conventional leveling, and FIG. 6 (b) shows an embodiment of the invention which is the basis of the present invention. Coke oven main section furnace width direction sectional view, FIG. 6 (c) is a coke oven main section furnace width direction sectional schematic view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is an outline of the chamber furnace type coke oven Side view,
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of load on the upper surface of the charged raw coal, the distance from the upper surface of the raw coal, and the bulk density. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the experimental model coke oven. Fig. 10 is the longitudinal direction of the model coke oven. Fig. 11 shows a comparison of the bulk density of the raw material coal charged at a position 6 m from the bottom of the furnace and the conventional method. Fig. 11 shows the height of the raw material coal at each position in the longitudinal direction of the model coke and the conventional method Fig. 12 is a comparison diagram of the leveling effect of Fig. 12, and Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the load amount on the upper surface of the charging raw coal and the bulk density at each height from the furnace bottom immediately below the charging inlet. In the figure, 1: carbonization chamber, 2: charging port, 3: charcoal car, 4: coking coal, 5: extruder, 6: upper opening of kiln, 7: leveler, 8: generated gas passage, 9:
Front door, 10: Back door, 11: Guide car, 12: Fire engine, 13: Leveler side plate, 14: Leveler partition plate, 15: Load plate, 16, 16 ': Hinge, 17: Pressure face plate part, 17', 17 ″: pressure plate, 18: leveling part, 19: truck, 20: wire, 21: guide, 22: pulley, 23:
Linear protrusions or linear cuts, 25: furnace wall.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pressure face plate portion corresponding to the upper surface of the raw material charged in the carbonization chamber, at least at the tip of a beam main body provided in contact with the upper surface of the raw material coal charged in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven and capable of advancing and retracting over the entire length of the carbonization chamber. And a load plate having a leveling portion that recedes obliquely upward from it is connected to the beam main body at its rear upper end by a hinge structure, and when the beam main body moves forward, the load plate is hung inside the beam main body, and when the beam main body retracts. In the method of suspending the load plate outside the beam main body and consolidating the upper surface of the coking coal with the pressure face plate portion by the weight of the load plate,
The pressure plate is composed of a plurality of pressure plates that try to spread laterally outward with a weak force that can repel inward, and at least when the beam body retracts, the pressure plates of the suspended load plate are compressed. Is expanded to the left and right to consolidate the surface of the raw coal over the entire width of the furnace. 2. A load plate having a pressure surface plate portion in contact with the upper surface of the raw material for charging the carbonization chamber and a leveling portion retracting obliquely upward from the pressure plate is connected to the beam main body at the rear upper end thereof by a hinge structure, and the beam main body is In a device that lifts the load plate during forward movement and hangs it out of the beam main body when the beam body moves backward, and consolidates the upper surface of the raw coal surface with the pressure face plate portion due to the weight of the load plate, the pressure face plate portion can be expanded to the left and right outside It is composed of a single pressure face plate, and the surface of the pressure face plate in contact with the upper surface of the raw coal is provided with a linear protrusion or a linear notch that makes an appropriate angle with respect to the traveling direction axis. The apparatus for consolidating a raw material for charging a coke oven, which is configured to spread over the entire surface in the oven width direction. 3. The compaction device according to claim 2, wherein a guide having an inclined guide surface that comes into contact with the beam main body when the load plate is lifted into the beam main body is attached to the plurality of pressure face plates, and a load is applied. A device for consolidating a raw material for charging a coke oven, wherein a plurality of pressure plates in an open state are automatically narrowed inward when the plates are lifted.