JPH06104121B2 - Oxygenator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a blood oxygenator for use in a heart-lung machine, or an artificial lung device applied to an extracorporeal circulator such as a blood gas exchanger used in the case of pulmonary insufficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art During open heart surgery, oxygen is added to blood in an oxygenator for blood used in a heart-lung machine or an extracorporeal blood circulation device in a blood gas exchanger used for assisting a dysfunctional lung. Conventionally, a bubble type oxygenator has been used for the purpose.

[0003] This device is a device in which pure oxygen or a mixed gas of oxygen and air is made into fine bubbles and flows in the circulating blood so that gas exchange is performed at the contact interface between the bubbles and blood. is there. According to this, the efficiency of oxygen addition is relatively good, but on the other hand, the blood is in direct contact with the air bubbles, so that red blood cells are easily destroyed, that is, hemolysis is likely to occur, so the usage time is limited to 4 to 5 hours at best. The reality is that it will be done.

Recently, a membrane-type artificial lung is being widely used in place of the above-mentioned bubble-type artificial lung, and in this device, an artificial membrane made of a polymer material having fine pores is used for separating blood and oxygen-containing gas. Gas is exchanged through the membrane by interposing it in between. In this way, although hemolysis as described above is said to be small, clogging of the membrane pores and leakage of plasma occur due to proteins in the blood, and therefore the usage time is still limited to 7-8 hours. There is.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to obtain hemolysis in an artificial lung of a bubble type in which blood and bubbles are in direct contact with each other and an artificial membrane. An object of the present invention is to provide an oxygenator which is configured so as not to cause unintended results such as plasma outflow and clogging in a membrane oxygenator that exchanges gas through the micropores.

[0006]

In the present invention, a circulation path for an oxygen carrier liquid is formed in a main body of an oxygenator, and an oxygen carrier liquid oxygenator equipped with an oxygen bubble generator is provided in the carrier liquid circulation path. A tank and a blood oxygenation tank provided with a blood discharge device for discharging blood in the form of droplets are separately provided, and in the liquid oxygen addition tank, the liquid is oxygenated by released oxygen bubbles, and the blood is added. The oxygenator tank is an oxygenator which is characterized in that the blood droplets are oxygenated by dissolved oxygen in the carrier liquid.

[0007]

With the artificial lung device constructed as described above, the oxygen carrier liquid is oxygenated by the oxygen bubble group discharged into the liquid oxygen addition tank, and is urged by the levitation force of the oxygen bubble group. Form a flow that circulates inside.
Then, it enters the blood oxygenation tank in a state where a large amount of dissolved oxygen is contained therein, and oxygen is added by coming into contact with the droplet-shaped blood released into the tank. Therefore, the droplet-shaped blood in the blood oxygen addition tank comes into contact with the carrier liquid on the liquid surface without directly contacting the oxygen bubbles, and the dissolved oxygen contained in the liquid is transferred.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG.
Is the main body of the oxygenator, which contains a required amount of oxygen-carrying liquid (i), that is, a liquid that has a greater specific gravity than blood and that does not mix with blood and that is highly soluble in oxygen, such as perfluorocarbon. A liquid is contained.

Further, the inside of the apparatus main body 1 is partitioned by a partition 2, and an oxygen supply tank 3 for oxygen carrier liquid is provided on the negative side of the partition 2, and a blood oxygen addition tank 4 is provided on the other side. At the same time, both tanks communicate with each other through the communication portions formed at the upper and lower ends of the partition wall 2 to form a circulation path for oxygen-carrying liquid a such as A to D described later.

Further, an oxygen bubble generator 5 connected to an oxygen source outside the tank via a supply pipe 5a is provided below the carrier liquid oxygen tank 3, and the blood oxygen tank 4 is provided in the blood oxygen tank 4. A blood droplet generator 6 is provided below the blood drop generator 7, and a blood recovery device 7 is provided above the blood drop generator 6. The blood droplet generator 6 is connected to a blood inflow source, that is, a vein via an inflow port 6a, and the blood recovery device 7 is connected to an artery via an outflow port 7a.

Oxygen having the above-described structure and supplied from the oxygen generation source to the carrier liquid oxygen addition tank 3 through the supply pipe 5a is oxygen in the carrier liquid in the oxygen addition tank from the oxygen bubble generator 5. It is released as bubbles b and adds oxygen to the liquid a and pushes up in the direction of arrow A by the ascending force of the oxygen bubbles. The liquid a pushed up overflows in the direction of arrow B at the upper end 2a of the partition wall 2 and the blood oxygen tank 4
Flow into. At the time of this overflow, the oxygen bubble group is separated from the liquid and discharged in the direction of arrow E. Blood oxygen tank 4
The liquid a that has flowed into the tank flows down in the direction of arrow C in the tank, further flows in the direction of arrow D through the communicating portion 2b formed at the lower end of the partition wall 2, and returns again into the liquid oxygen addition tank 3. The same flow is repeated thereafter to form a circulation path inside the main body of the device.

On the other hand, the blood removed from the vein of the patient is supplied to the droplet generator 6 from the direction of the arrow F through the blood inlet 6a, and is discharged from a large number of nozzle holes provided in the device. The released blood forms droplets in the liquid,
Ascends in the direction G against the flow of the carrier liquid a. During this movement, the blood droplet (c) is brought into contact with the oxygen carrier liquid (i) on the liquid surface, the oxygen dissolved in the liquid is replaced with the carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood, and oxygen is added. The carbon dioxide transferred into the liquid is carried to the liquid oxygen addition tank 3 by the circulating carrier liquid, is separated from the liquid due to the partial pressure difference with oxygen, and is discharged from the liquid surface to the outside of the tank in the E direction.

The oxygenated blood droplet group is a blood oxygenation tank 4
Blood collection device 7
Stored in. The blood D stored in the device 7 is further taken out of the device main body in the direction of arrow H from the outlet 7a,
Blood is delivered to the patient's artery via a blood pump (not shown).

As described above, in the oxygen-carrying liquid (i), the flow of oxygen bubbles generated in the liquid oxygen addition tank 3 circulates in the main body of the apparatus, and the desired oxygen is added by the contact with the bubbles. It can be performed.

Further, since the oxygen bubble group is separated from the liquid and discharged out of the tank in the overflow portion at the upper end of the partition wall 2, only the carrier liquid in a state where oxygen is dissolved is stored in the blood oxygen addition tank 4. It is possible to add oxygen to the blood without any fear of a hemolysis phenomenon or the like caused by the inflow of oxygen bubbles.

Further, by using an oxygen carrier liquid which has a specific gravity higher than that of blood and is insoluble in blood, the blood discharged into the blood oxygenation tank 4 can be formed into droplets, and As a result, the contact area with the liquid is large, and the dissolved oxygen in the liquid and the carbon dioxide in the blood can be efficiently replaced. Therefore, it is possible to provide an extracorporeal circulation device that can be more safely and surely implemented as an artificial lung device that requires long-time blood oxygenation, such as during open-heart surgery or recovery measures for lung dysfunction.

[0017]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION A liquid oxygen tank for generating oxygen bubbles and a blood oxygen tank for discharging blood in the form of droplets are separately provided in a circulation path of an oxygen carrier liquid formed in a main body of an oxygenator. As a result, the carrier liquid causes a flow that circulates between the liquid oxygen tank and the blood oxygen tank due to oxygen bubbles, and in the blood oxygen tank, the blood is liquid only with the carrier liquid without contacting the oxygen bubbles. Face-to-face contact and take in dissolved oxygen in the liquid. Therefore, oxygen can be added without causing hemolysis.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of an artificial lung device which is an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Oxygenator device main body, 2 ... Partition wall, 3 ... Liquid oxygen tank, 4
... blood oxygen addition tank, 5 ... oxygen bubble generator, 6 ... blood droplet generator, 7 ... blood recovery device, a ... oxygen carrier liquid, b ...
Oxygen bubbles, c ... blood droplets, A to D ... liquid circulation path.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-40562 (JP, A) JP-A-57-66760 (JP, A) Jitsuko Sho-48-31278 (JP, Y2)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An oxygen carrying liquid oxygen addition tank provided with an oxygen bubble generating device, wherein a circulation path for an oxygen carrier liquid is formed in a main body of an oxygenator, and a blood droplet is formed in the oxygen carrier generating device. And a blood oxygenation tank provided with a blood droplet generating device that discharges the liquid oxygen are separately provided in the liquid oxygenation tank, and the liquid oxygen is oxygenated by the released oxygen bubbles, and in the blood oxygenation tank, An artificial lung device, wherein the droplet-shaped blood is oxygenated by dissolved oxygen in the carrier liquid. 2. The artificial lung device according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the artificial lung device main body is partitioned by a partition having upper and lower communicating portions to form a circulation path for the oxygen carrier liquid. 3. The oxygen-carrying liquid is a liquid such as perfluorocarbon, which has a higher specific gravity than blood and is immiscible with blood and is highly oxygen-dissolved. The artificial lung device according to any one of 2 above.