JPH03338A - Energy absorbing device for structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize energy absorbing characteristic by shearing and deforming lead in a lead chamber and rubber bodies on both the sides thereof by the relative displacement of a cylinder and a rod, when a structure is oscillated, and attenuating the oscillation by the energy absorption accompanied by their resistances. CONSTITUTION:When a relative displacement between structures is caused by a strong energy such as earthquake, this displacement is transmitted to a cylinder 1 and a rod 2, the axial displacement is selected by the function of fixed rings 6, 7, and lead P in a lead chamber 3 and rubber bodies 4, 6 are deformed following the displacement. Namely, in the rings 6, 7, only the axial movement is selected by the sliding contact action between an outer ring 22 and an inner ring 23. Then, the lead P and the rubber bodies 4, 5 consume the resistance energy for shearing deformation and the elastic resistance energy by shearing deformation, respectively, whereby the movement of the rod 2 is braked. Hence, the reciprocating movement of the rod 2 is rapidly attenuated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 41 Purpose of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] This invention provides a so-called energy absorption device for structures that absorbs periodic energy such as earthquakes that acts on structures such as buildings and piping. In particular, the present invention relates to a cylinder-type energy absorbing device, and more particularly, to an energy absorbing device that utilizes the energy absorbing effect accompanying shear deformation of a metal plastic material.

[Conventional technology]

A cylinder-type energy absorption device using plastic deformation of metal is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-30470 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-729).
No. 41).

According to this known technology, the cylinder is made up of a cylinder, a rod inserted through the cylinder along the axial direction, and lead sealed in a space between the cylinder and the rod. The lead is sheared and deformed by passing through the reduced cross-section formed in the cavity due to the relative movement of the lead.
Periodic energy is absorbed by energy consumption at this time.

However, in the above-mentioned known technology, certain characteristics such as energy absorption characteristics (load-displacement curve) change depending on whether the protrusion of the rod is located at the center of the cylinder or near both ends of the cylinder. There is a problem in that it is difficult to unambiguously determine the specifications of the cylinder rod and the reduced cross-section part in order to achieve this, and the damping characteristics are not stable.

Furthermore, there is a problem in sealing and pressure-proofing the container, that is, the cylinder, against the increase in internal pressure accompanying the plastic fluidization of lead.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has developed a cylinder-type energy absorbing device of this type that has a mechanism that can obtain stable energy absorption characteristics and maintain stable performance for a long period of time without requiring strict sealing accuracy. The purpose is to provide.

1. Configuration of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problems] The energy absorbing device for structures of the present invention adopts the following technical means (configuration) to achieve the above object.

That is, it is an energy absorption device that is set between structures that are relatively displaced, and includes a right cylindrical cylinder 1 that is fixed to one structure, and a central axis within the cylinder 1 that is fixed to the other structure. a cylindrical rod 2 disposed along the cylinder 1 and the rubber bodies 4 and 5 disposed relative to each other with a shear deformation chamber 3 in which a plastic fluid substance is sealed in the annular space between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2; and a regulating means interposed between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2 to allow the rod 2 to move in the axial direction of the cylinder 1 and to regulate the movement in the radial direction.

[Effect]

When strong periodic energy such as seismic motion acts between structures and the structures shake, the relative displacement between the structures becomes the relative displacement in the axial direction between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2 of the energy absorbing device.

Due to this relative displacement between the cylinder 1 and the rod, the lead P sealed in the cabin 3 and the rubber bodies 4 arranged on both sides of the cabin 3 are
．． 5 undergoes shear deformation, and the periodic energy is absorbed by the energy absorption action accompanying the shear resistance of the lead P and the deformation resistance of the rubber body 4.5, thereby damping the shaking between the structures.

The rubber body 4.5 is held together by the cylinder 1 and the rod 2 due to its elastic restoring force.
and return it to its original position.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the energy absorbing device for structures of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 to 3 show one embodiment thereof. That is, the first
The figure shows its overall structure, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show its parts.

This energy absorbing device S includes a right cylindrical cylinder 1, a cylindrical rod 2 arranged with one end protruding along the central axis inside the cylinder 1, and a lead-in space between the cylinder 1 and the rod 2. A first rubber body 4 and a second rubber body 5 are arranged to face each other via a cabin 3 in which P is enclosed, and the first and second rubber bodies
A fixing ring 6.7 for fixing the rubber body 45 is included, and a bracket 8 is attached to the cylinder 1, and a bracket 9 is attached to the protrusion of the rod 2.

The detailed structure of each part will be explained below.

The cylinder 1 is made of a hard body such as metal, and has a reduced diameter part 10 formed in the center over a predetermined length on its inner surface.
The enlarged diameter portion 11 and the female threaded portion 1 are sandwiched between the two ends.
2 is formed. The diameter of the female threaded portion 12 from top to bottom, ie, the minimum diameter, is made equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the enlarged diameter portion 11. lla is a stepped portion between the reduced diameter portion 10 and the enlarged diameter portion 11.

The rod 2 disposed along the central axis of the cylinder 1 has, in its normal position, the outer surface thereof corresponding to the reduced diameter part 10, the enlarged diameter part 11, and the female threaded part 12 of the cylinder 1, respectively.
An enlarged diameter portion 14, a reduced diameter portion 15, and a male tapered portion 16 are formed.

The diameter between the crests of the male threaded portion 16, that is, the maximum diameter is the diameter of the reduced diameter portion 1
5, or slightly smaller than that.

15a is a stepped portion between the enlarged diameter portion 14 and the reduced diameter portion 15.

The rod 2 has a protrusion 17 at one end.

The cabin 3 serving as a shear deformation chamber is located at the reduced diameter portion 1 of the cylinder 1.
0 and the enlarged diameter part 14 of the rod 2, the space consists of a closed annular space sandwiched between the first rubber body 4 and the second rubber body 5, and the cabin 3 is filled with lead P as an energy absorber. Ru. The lead P used includes not only pure lead but also lead alloys and mixtures with lead and other substances.

The rubber body 4.5 has the same structure, and includes an outer sleeve 18, an inner sleeve 9, and these sleeves 18.
．． 19 and a rubber body 20 interposed between them, and these are integrated by vulcanization adhesion. The outer and inner sleeves 18, 19 have a predetermined thickness, the outer diameter and length of the outer sleeve 18 are equal to the inner enlarged diameter 11 of the cylinder 1, and the inner diameter and length of the inner sleeve 19 are equal to the inner diameter and length of the rod 2. Equal to the outer reduced diameter section 15. As a result, the rubber body 45 is attached to the enlarged diameter portion 11 of the cylinder 1 with its outer sleeve 18.
Also, hold the inner sleeve 19 and hold the reduced diameter portion 15 of the rod 2.
are closely fitted.

The fixing rings 6.7 are both of the same construction and consist of an outer ring 22 and an inner ring 23, with the outer ring 22
A male thread 22a is formed on the outside and is screwed into the female thread 12 of the cylinder 1. The inner ring 23 has a female thread 23 on the inner surface.
a is carved and is screwed into the male thread 16 of the rod 2. The tip of the outer ring 22 is brought into contact with the outer sleeve 18 of the rubber body 4.5, and the tip of the inner ring 23 is brought into contact with the inner sleeve 19 of the rubber body 4.5.

The outer ring 22 and the inner ring 23 are in sliding contact with each other at their inner surfaces 22c and outer surfaces 23b, allowing displacement in the axial direction, and restricting movement (shaking) in the radial direction.

Therefore, the fixing ring 6.7 has the function of pressing the rubber bodies 4, 5 toward the cabin 3 and regulating their movement in the radial direction, and if this function is satisfied, other appropriate measures may be taken. sell.

The bracket 8 is attached to the rear part of the cylinder 1 via a short tube 25 fitted into the cylinder 1, and the bracket 9 is attached to the protrusion 17 of the rod 2 by fitting and fixing.

In assembling the energy absorbing device S of this embodiment, a rod 2 with lead P fixed on the outer circumferential surface is inserted into the cylinder 1, and a rubber body 4° 5 is fitted from both ends of the rod 2 into the reduced diameter portion 15 of the rod 2. Match. The outer ring 22 and inner ring 23 of the fixing ring 6.8 are then screwed into the cylinder and into the threaded part 12.16 of the rod 2 from both ends of the rod 2. By tightening the outer and inner rings 22 and 23, the rubber body 4.
5, whose end surface is the cylinder l and the stepped portion lla of the rod 2
, 15a until it touches.

Thereafter, the bracket 9 is attached to the protrusion 17 of the rod 2, thereby completing the assembly.

(Operation of the embodiment) The energy absorbing device is installed between structures that move relative to each other via a bracket 8.9.

When the structures undergo relative displacement due to strong energy such as earthquake motion, the displacement is transmitted to the cylinder 1 and the rod 2.

The axial displacement of the cylinder 1 and rod 2 is selected by the function of the fixing ring 6.7, and the lead P and rubber body 4 in the cabin 3 are
．． 5 is deformed following this displacement. That is,
The locking rings 6.7 are selectively moved only in the axial direction by the sliding action of their outer ring 22 and inner ring 23.

FIG. 4 schematically shows this movement. Now, if the rod 2 moves to the right in the figure (or the cylinder 1 moves to the left), the rubber bodies 4.5 easily follow this displacement, and the lead P moves towards these rubber bodies 4.5. It is restrained between the rubber bodies 4 and 5 and is deformed by being pushed by the rubber bodies 4 and 5.

As shown in the figure, the deformation of the lead P and the comb body 3.4 is shear deformation, and the lead P consumes resistance energy for the shear deformation, and the rubber body 4.5 undergoes shear deformation. The elastic resistance energy is consumed, and the movement of the rod 2 is braked by this energy consumption.

When the rod 2 moves to the left, the deformation is opposite to that described above, and the consumption of resistance energy accompanying this deformation applies braking to the left, and in this way, the reciprocating motion of the rod 2 is rapidly attenuated. Ru.

FIG. 5 shows the energy absorption characteristics (displacement-shear force history curve) of these lead P and rubber bodies 4 and 5. In the figure, the broken line is the history curve of only the rubber bodies 4 and 5, and the solid line is the history curve of the composite of lead P and the rubber bodies 4 and 5.

As shown in the figure, this composite exhibits a large energy absorption ability, and its slope (horizontal stiffness) is equivalent to that of rubber alone, and its characteristic values have been determined.

Therefore, from this, the characteristic values of the present energy absorbing device and the composite body can be determined in accordance with the specifications of the present energy absorbing device, and a clear design can be made.

In the operation of the device S of this embodiment, the rod 2 is connected to the cylinder 1.
The rod 2 is guided to move without wobbling in the axial direction, and also allows the rod 2 to be twisted.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various design changes can be made within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention. That is, the following type B is included within the technical scope of the present invention.

(A) Figures 6 and 7 show other structures of the rubber body.

In the rubber body 4A shown in FIG. 6, the end face 20a of the rubber body 20 facing the cabin 3 has a bulged shape. According to this aspect, the bulging end surface 20a always preloads the lead P with its elastic force, the rubber body 4A and the lead P deform integrally, and the response speed of the energy absorption characteristic of the present device can be further increased. can.

The rubber body 4B shown in FIG.
A so-called laminated rubber structure is adopted in which rubber elastic bodies 28 and 7 are alternately laminated. The end face of the reinforcing plate 27 is exposed and comes into close contact with the lead P. According to this embodiment, the rubber body portion 20 has a further increased shear deformation ability, and the reinforcing plate 27 also bites into the lead P to securely grip the lead P and promote blunt shear deformation of the lead P. Large deformability can be imparted to lead P. As a result, this device can exhibit a large energy absorption ability.

(B) In addition to lead, as an energy absorber, ■ metals such as tin, zinc, aluminum, sodium, copper, ■ superplastic alloys such as lead-tin alloy, zinc-aluminum-copper, or ■ glass beads, metals. Particulate materials such as powders (including balls) and ceramic grains are used. Furthermore, when lead or the substances (1) and (2) above are selected, a combination of two or more of these substances is also possible. Also in ■, 2
Combinations of the above may also be adopted as appropriate.

When the materials (1) and (2) above are used as energy absorbers, these materials are attenuated by energy absorption accompanying plastic fluidization, similar to the hull of the ship.

In the case of using the granular material described in (2) above, the damping function due to the friction between the closely packed granular materials is utilized.

C1 Effects of the Invention The energy absorbing device for structures of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration and functions, and therefore has the following unique effects.

■The lead sealed in the cabin undergoes blunt shear deformation as a whole,
In addition, since the rubber body also exhibits spring elastic properties due to shear deformation, the energy absorption properties are clear and uniquely determined by the specifications of each member constituting the energy absorption device, improving the degree of freedom in design.

(2) As lead undergoes blunt shear deformation, in combination with (2) above, the increase in internal pressure is small; therefore, there is no need for strict sealing accuracy, and this device can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the energy absorbing device for structures according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of one embodiment, and FIG.
3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing its function, FIG. 6 and 7 are views of other embodiments of the rubber body used in this device. 1... Cylinder, 2... Rod, 3... Cabin (shear deformation chamber), 4.5... Rubber body, 6.7-... Fixing ring (regulating means) P... Lead ( plastic fluid material)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) An energy absorption device set between structures that are relatively displaced, the device comprising: a right cylindrical cylinder fixed to one structure; and a cylinder fixed to the other structure. a cylindrical rod disposed along the central axis of the rubber body; and a rubber body disposed facing each other with a shear deformation chamber in which a plastic fluid substance is enclosed in an annular space between the cylinder and the rod; An energy absorbing device for a structure, comprising: a regulating means interposed between a cylinder and a rod, and allowing the rod to move in the axial direction of the cylinder and regulating movement in the radial direction. 2) The energy absorbing device for a structure according to claim 1, wherein the rubber body includes reinforcing plates and rubber elastic bodies arranged alternately in a ring shape. 3) The energy absorbing device for a structure according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the rubber body that contacts the shear deformation chamber is formed in a bulging shape.