JPH03132505A - Wave dissipation caisson - Google Patents
Wave dissipation caissonInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03132505A JPH03132505A JP1270957A JP27095789A JPH03132505A JP H03132505 A JPH03132505 A JP H03132505A JP 1270957 A JP1270957 A JP 1270957A JP 27095789 A JP27095789 A JP 27095789A JP H03132505 A JPH03132505 A JP H03132505A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wave
- dissipating
- caisson
- passage
- wave dissipation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は波浪を吸収するための消波ケーソンに関する。[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a wave-dissipating caisson for absorbing waves.
従来の技術
防波堤などとして用いら扛る従来の消波壁としてはジャ
ーラン塩やスリット塩がある。ジャーラン塩は、第７図
（ａｔ （ｂｌに示すように、中空で上面が開放された
コンクリート製の箱体３１において、湾外側に向いた前
壁３２と湾内側に向いた後壁３３とのそれぞれに複数の
角形の貫通孔３４．３５を上下左右（１）
に設けて構成されたもので、前壁３２における貫通孔３
４の開口率は１５〜２０４、後壁３３における貫通孔３
５の開口率は３〜１０憾とされている。また、スリット
塩は、第８図（ａ） （ｂｌに示すように、中空で上面
が開放された箱体４１において、前壁４２に複数の縦長
四角形のスリット孔４３を左右に設けて構成されたもの
で、前壁４２におけるスリット孔４３の開口率は１５〜
２５＃とされ、後壁４４には孔が設けられず、閉鎖（す
なわち開口率が（１１）されている。Conventional technology Examples of conventional wave-dissipating walls used as breakwaters include jarlan salt and slit salt. As shown in Figure 7 (at (bl), Jarlan salt is made of a concrete box 31 that is hollow and has an open top, with a front wall 32 facing toward the outside of the bay and a rear wall 33 facing toward the inside of the bay. Each has a plurality of rectangular through holes 34 and 35 provided on the top, bottom, left and right (1), and the through holes 3 in the front wall 32
The aperture ratio of 4 is 15 to 204, and the through hole 3 in the rear wall 33
5 has an aperture ratio of 3 to 10. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8(a) (bl), the slit salt is constructed by providing a plurality of vertically rectangular slit holes 43 on the left and right in the front wall 42 of a hollow box 41 with an open top surface. The opening ratio of the slit hole 43 in the front wall 42 is 15 to
25#, and the rear wall 44 has no holes and is closed (that is, the aperture ratio is (11)).
発明が解決しようとする課題
しかしながら、ジャーラン塩３０やスリット塩４０によ
れば、前壁３２．４２における貫通孔３４またはスリッ
ト孔４３の開口率が１５〜２５％と小さいため、前壁３
２ 、４２での反射率が太き（なる。これにより、波浪
がジャーラン塩３０やスリ・ソト堤４０の前壁３２゜４
２に衝突して消波される際に波の飛沫が生じて、この飛
沫が陸地にまで達するという課題を招いていた。また、
後壁３２，４２の開口率がＯ〜１０憾であるために透水
性が悪くなり、淀みを生じたりするという課題もあった
。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, according to the Jarlan salt 30 and the slit salt 40, the opening ratio of the through holes 34 or slit holes 43 in the front wall 32.42 is as small as 15 to 25%.
2, the reflectivity at 42 is thicker (becomes thicker).This allows the waves to move closer to the front wall of the Jalan Salt 30 and the Sri Soto Embankment 40 at 32°4.
2. When the waves collide with each other and are dissipated, wave spray is generated, causing the problem that this spray reaches the land. Also,
Since the aperture ratio of the rear walls 32 and 42 is 0 to 10, there is a problem that water permeability is poor and stagnation occurs.
（２）
本発明は上記課題を解決するもので、反射率を低く抑え
、かつ透水性を向上させながら、良好に消波することの
できる消波ケーソンを提供することを目的とするもので
ある。(2) The present invention solves the above problems, and aims to provide a wave-dissipating caisson that can effectively dissipate waves while suppressing reflectance and improving water permeability. .
課題を解決するための手段
上記課題を解決するために本発明は、消波部における消
波用通路の開口率を２５Ｌ１ｂ以上６０ｃＩ）以下とし
、かつ上記消波用通路内に狭路部を設けたものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method in which the wave-dissipating passage in the wave-dissipating section has an aperture ratio of 25L1b or more and 60cI) or less, and a narrow passage is provided in the wave-dissipating passage. It is something that
作用
上記構成により、消波用通路の開口率を２５％以上６０
係以下として大きく設定したため、反則率は小さくなる
とともに透水率は向±１−７、この一方で狭路部を消波
用通路に設けたので波の伝達率は小さくなって良好な消
波効果が得らｎる。Effect: With the above configuration, the aperture ratio of the wave dissipating passage can be increased by 25% or more.
Since the water permeability is set to be larger than 100%, the fouling rate is small and the water permeability is ±1-7.On the other hand, since the narrow passage is provided as a wave-dissipating passage, the wave transmission rate is small and a good wave-dissipating effect is achieved. is obtained.
実施例 以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
第】図ｆａ）〜（ｃｌに示すように、箱状でコンクリド
製の消波ケーソン１は、基＠２の上方に一体的（３）
に消波部３が形成されて構成されている。消波部３には
、横方向に延びて両端が開口［７た断面円形の消波用通
路５が波の伝播方向に向けて上下左右に複数配置されて
いる。ここで、この消波用通路５の開口率は２５係以上
６０憾以下とされている。消波部３の消波用通路５の略
中央箇所には狭路部６が形成され、との狭路部６の消波
用通路５における開口率は１．０４以上３０壬以下とさ
れて他の部分よりも流路断ｍ１槍が小さぐされている。As shown in Figures fa) to (cl), a box-shaped wave-absorbing caisson 1 made of concrete is constructed with a wave-absorbing part 3 integrally formed above a base 2 (3). In the wave-dissipating section 3, a plurality of wave-dissipating passages 5 each having a circular cross section and extending in the horizontal direction and having openings at both ends are arranged vertically and horizontally in the wave propagation direction. The opening ratio of the passage 5 is set to be 25 or more and 60 or less.A narrow passage 6 is formed approximately at the center of the wave-dissipating passage 5 of the wave-dissipating section 3, and the wave-dissipating portion 6 of the narrow passage 6 is The aperture ratio in the passageway 5 is set to 1.04 or more and 30 tsumu or less, and the flow path width m1 is smaller than that of other parts.
また、基礎２にはね１反四角形状の横方向に延びる貫通
孔４が波の伝播方向に向けて左右に複数配置されており
、基礎２の貫通孔４の開口率は強度上問題のない範囲（
例えば４０係）に設定さｒている。なお、消波部３の高
さは潮位差や波高などから決定きれる。In addition, the foundation 2 has a plurality of anti-square-shaped through holes 4 that extend in the horizontal direction and are arranged on the left and right in the direction of wave propagation, and the aperture ratio of the through holes 4 in the foundation 2 does not pose any problem in terms of strength. range(
For example, it is set to 40). Note that the height of the wave dissipating section 3 can be determined from the tidal level difference, wave height, etc.
上記構成により、湾外から伝播（〜てきた波浪Ｘや水流
ｙは、水面近傍箇所においては、消波部３の消波用通路
５内に流入し、また、底部近傍箇所においては基（＃２
の貫通孔４内に流入する。この場合に、消波用通路５の
開口率は２５係以上６０％以下と大きく設定されている
ため、波浪Ｘは消波部（４）
３によりあまり反射せず低反射率となり、かつ消波用通
路５を介して多くの水が消波部３を通過し、透水性が向
上されている。これにより、この消波ケーソン１で波の
飛沫を生じたり、湾内側で淀みを生じたりすることは防
止される。また、消波用通路５は、狭路部６において開
口率が１０〜３０係とされて流路断面積が大きく拡縮１
７て変化する形状となっている。したが−３で、消波用
通路５の内部に流入した波浪Ｘば、流路断面積が拡縮し
て変化することＶこより、波動エネルギを吸収され、減
衰して消波される。一方、基礎２０貫通孔４内に流入し
た水流（潮流）ｙは、貞゛通孔４を介して湾内側に流扛
込み、湾内側が淀士ないよう／Ａｆ ｆｌ−を与、える
。さらに、この消波ケーソン１によｎば、消波用通路５
および具通孔４１−、ｌ、外はコンクリートにより埋め
らｎて大重量であるため、波高や波圧の大きな場所に設
置しても安定に立設できる。なお、消波部３における消
波用通路５の開口率を太き目に設定する場合には、隣接
する消波用通路５間の壁厚が小さくなるため、消波用通
路５を形成する（５）
壁体を、第２図に示すように、鉄やその他の高強度材の
管体７を用いるとよい。また、狭路部６は消波用通路５
における略中央箇所に設けられて消波部３の湾外側およ
び湾内側の両面に対する反射率が低く保たｎているが、
こｒに限定されるものではなく、消板用通路５の湾外側
寄りや湾内側寄りの箇所に設けてもよい。また、消波ケ
ーソン】はコンクリ−）・により一体成型するとよいが
、消波部３における各消波用通路５の部分等を個別に分
割して生１（作［また後に、はぞ等による嵌め合わせや
モルタ／ｌ／接合等でつないでもよい。With the above configuration, the waves 2
Flows into the through hole 4 of. In this case, since the aperture ratio of the wave-dissipating passage 5 is set to a large value of 25% or more and 60% or less, the waves A large amount of water passes through the wave-dissipating section 3 through the water passage 5, and water permeability is improved. This prevents the wave-dissipating caisson 1 from causing wave splash or stagnation inside the bay. In addition, the wave-dissipating passage 5 has an aperture ratio of 10 to 30 in the narrow passage part 6, and has a large flow passage cross-sectional area.
7 and has a shape that changes. However, at -3, the wave energy flowing into the wave-dissipating passage 5 is absorbed, attenuated, and dissipated due to the expansion and contraction of the flow passage cross-sectional area. On the other hand, the water flow (tidal current) y that has flowed into the through hole 4 of the foundation 20 flows into the inner side of the bay via the through hole 4, and provides /Af fl- so that the inner side of the bay does not stagnate. Furthermore, according to this wave-dissipating caisson 1, a wave-dissipating passage 5 is provided.
The outside of the through-holes 41- and 41 are filled with concrete and are heavy, so they can be stably erected even if installed in locations with large wave heights and wave pressures. Note that when the aperture ratio of the wave-dissipating passages 5 in the wave-dissipating section 3 is set to be thick, the wall thickness between adjacent wave-dissipating passages 5 becomes small, so that the wave-dissipating passages 5 are formed. (5) As the wall body, as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable to use a tube body 7 made of iron or other high-strength material. In addition, the narrow passage 6 is a wave-dissipating passage 5.
The reflectance of the wave-dissipating section 3 to both the outer and inner sides of the bay is kept low by being provided at approximately the center of the wave-dissipating section 3.
It is not limited to this, and it may be provided at a location closer to the outer side of the bay or closer to the inner side of the bay of the eraser passageway 5. In addition, it is preferable to integrally mold the wave-dissipating caisson with concrete, but the wave-dissipating passages 5 in the wave-dissipating section 3 may be individually divided and the wave-dissipating caissons may be molded in one piece. They may be connected by fitting, mortar/l/joining, etc.
第３図ｆａｔ〜（ｃｌは本発明の他の実施例に係る消波
ケーソン８を示すもので、−１−記実施例と同様な位置
に狭路部６を有する消波用通路５が同様な開口率で配置
さγしているが、この消波用通路５は、第２図に示す管
体７が用いられて形成され、複数の管体７が、中空状で
上面が開口されたコンクリド製の箱体９に配設されて消
波部１０が構成さｎている。また、箱体９の下部よりな
る基ＦＩｆ！２には湾外側および湾内側の面にそれぞれ
縦長四角形状の（６）
開口孔１１が設けられている。Figure 3 fat to (cl) shows a wave-dissipating caisson 8 according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which the wave-dissipating passage 5 having the narrow passage 6 at the same position as in the embodiment -1- is the same. The wave-dissipating passage 5 is formed using tube bodies 7 shown in FIG. 2, and the plurality of tube bodies 7 are hollow and have an open top surface. A wave-dissipating section 10 is arranged in a concrete box 9.Furthermore, the base FIf!2 consisting of the lower part of the box 9 has a vertically rectangular shape on the outer side and inner side of the bay, respectively. (6) An opening hole 11 is provided.
この消波ケーソン８によっても上記実施例の消波ケーソ
ンｌと同様の作用効果が得らｒるが、特にこの消波ケー
ソン８によれば消波ケーソン】よりも軽量であるため、
波高（波圧）が小さい箇所や、地盤、マウンドの状態が
悪くて設置場所の血圧が大きくとｔｚない箇所に適し７
ている。This wave-dissipating caisson 8 also provides the same effects as the wave-dissipating caisson l of the above embodiment, but in particular, the wave-dissipating caisson 8 is lighter than the wave-dissipating caisson.
Suitable for areas where the wave height (wave pressure) is small, or where the ground or mound is in poor condition and the blood pressure at the installation location is high.7
ing.
また、第４図１ａｌ〜［ｃｉばさらに本発明の他の実施
例に係る消波ケーソン１２を示すもので、この消波ケー
ソン１２においても−卜す布のｉｉ’ｈ波７名ＳＬ３に
上Ｊ己実施例と同様な開口率でかつ同様な狭路部６を有
する消波用通路５が設けら：Ｉｔているが、下部の基礎
１４には貫通孔や開１コ孔は設けら註ていない、この消
波ケーソン１２によっても、消波用細路５の開口率が大
きく設定されているため、消波部１３は低反射率であり
、波の飛沫を生じたりすることはなく、牛た、透水性が
良好であって湾内側で淀みを生じることはない。さらに
、消波用通路５の内部に流入Ｉ〜だ波浪は狭路部６によ
る流路断面積の拡縮変化により減衰して消波される。こ
の消波ケーソン（７）
１２は、基礎１４の高さを低めに設定することにより、
水深があまり浅い場所や、水深側対して波高が大きい場
所などに適］７ている。なお、第５図ｆａｔ〜ｆｃｌに
示すように、消波用通路５を管体７（第２図参照）によ
り形成するとともに消波部１５を中空状にして消波ケー
ソン１６を構成したり、第６図（ａｌｊｂｌに示すよう
に、消波部］７および基礎１８を板壁状にして、側壁を
有せず、ＡｉＴ壁１９と後壁２０と底部壁２２とのみを
イ］する消板ケーソン２】を構成してもよく、と扛らの
消波ケーソンｌｈ、２］は１役１１ｅ箇所の血圧が大さ
くと、ｆ］７ないｆｌ・：’ｌ Ｉ！１１にＪ丙しでい
る。ここで、消波ケーソン２１は・ｉ′Ｃ伴７梁と１２
で利用してその形状かへ
保た１、ている。Further, FIGS. 4A to 4C show a wave-dissipating caisson 12 according to another embodiment of the present invention. A wave dissipating passage 5 having the same opening ratio and the same narrow passage 6 as in the embodiment is provided, but no through holes or open holes are provided in the lower foundation 14. Even with this wave-dissipating caisson 12, the aperture ratio of the wave-dissipating passage 5 is set large, so the wave-dissipating section 13 has a low reflectance and does not generate wave splash. It has good water permeability and does not cause stagnation inside the bay. Further, the waves flowing into the wave-dissipating passage 5 are attenuated and dissipated by the expansion/contraction change in the cross-sectional area of the channel due to the narrow passage portion 6. This wave-dissipating caisson (7) 12 can be constructed by setting the height of the foundation 14 low.
Suitable for places where the water depth is very shallow or where the wave height is large relative to the water depth]7. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 fat to fcl, the wave-dissipating caisson 16 is constructed by forming the wave-dissipating passage 5 by the tube body 7 (see FIG. 2) and making the wave-dissipating section 15 hollow, FIG. 6 (As shown in aljbl, a board-dissipating caisson in which the wave-dissipating part] 7 and the foundation 18 are made into plate wall shapes, and there are no side walls, and only the AiT wall 19, rear wall 20, and bottom wall 22). 2] may be constructed, and the wave-dissipating caisson lh, 2] is 1 role, and if the blood pressure at the 11e point is large, then f]7 is not fl.:'l I!11 is J. .Here, the wave-dissipating caisson 21 is ・i′C beam 7 and 12
It is used to maintain its shape.
なお、」二記いずれの実施例においても、消波通路５内
の中火箇所に狭路部６を設けた例を図示したが、こｒに
限るものではなぐ、狭路部を消波通路の端部やその近傍
部に設けてもよい。In addition, in both of the embodiments described in 2, an example is shown in which the narrow passage portion 6 is provided at a medium heat location in the wave-dissipating passage 5, but the narrow passage portion is not limited to this. It may be provided at the end of or in the vicinity thereof.
発Ｈ，ｌの効果
以上のように本発明によれば、消波用通路の開口率を太
きく設定したため、反射率が小さくなり（８）
て波の飛沫を生じることが少なくなり、１だ透水性が向
上して湾内側などで淀むことが防止される。As described above, according to the present invention, the aperture ratio of the wave-dissipating passage is set to be large, so the reflectance is reduced (8), and the generation of wave splash is reduced. Improved water permeability prevents stagnation inside the bay.
・また、消波用通路には狭路部が設けられているため、
波の伝達率は小さくなって良好な消波効果を得られる。・Also, since the wave-dissipating passage has a narrow section,
The wave transmissibility is reduced and a good wave-dissipating effect can be obtained.
第１図〜第６図は本発明の実施例に係る消波ケソンを示
すもので、第１図（ａｉは正面図、第１図ｆｂｌは第１
図ｆａｌのＡ−Ａ線矢視図、第１図ｆｃｌは第１図ｆａ
ｌのＢ−Ｂ線矢視図、第２図は要部断面図、第３図ｆａ
ｔは正面図、第３図１ｅｔは第３図ｆａｔのＣ−Ｃ線矢
視図、第３図１ｅｔは第３図（ａｌのＤ−Ｄ線矢視図、
第４図（ａｔは正面図、第４図ｆｂｌは第４図ｆａ）の
Ｅ−Ｅ線矢視図、第４図ｆｃｌは第４図ｆａｌのＦ−Ｆ
線矢視図、第５図（ａｔは正課
面図、第５図ｆｂｌは第５図ｆａｌＯＧ−Ｇ、、矢視図
、第５図ｆｃｌは第５図（ａｌのＨ−Ｈ線矢視図、第６
図ｆａｔおよびｆｂｌは平面断面図および側面断面図で
ある。また、第７図１ａ）およびｆｂｌはジャーラン堤
の正面図および第７図ｆａｌの■−Ｉ線矢視図、第８図
ｆａｔおよびｆｂｌはスリット堤の正面図および第８図
（ａｔのＪ−Ｊ線矢視図で（９）
ある。
１．８，１２，１６．２１・・・消波ケーソン、２，４
，１．８・・・基Ｃ＃、３．１０，１３，１５．１７・
・・消波部、５・・消波１１４通路、６・・・狭路部。1 to 6 show a wave-dissipating cassette according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A-A line arrow view of Figure fal, Figure 1 fcl is Figure 1 fa
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the main part, Fig. 3 fa
t is a front view, FIG. 3 1et is a view taken along the line C-C of FIG.
Fig. 4 (at is a front view, Fig. 4 fbl is a view taken along the line E-E of Fig. 4 fa), Fig. 4 fcl is a F-F of Fig. 4 fal
Line arrow view, Figure 5 (at is a front view, Figure 5 fbl is Figure 5 falOG-G, arrow view, Figure 5 fcl is Figure 5 (al) line H-H arrow view , 6th
Figures fat and fbl are a plan sectional view and a side sectional view. In addition, Fig. 7 1a) and fbl are a front view of the jarlan embankment and a view taken along the ■-I line in Fig. 7 fal, and Fig. 8 fat and fbl are a front view of the slit embankment and J- It is (9) in the J-line arrow view. 1.8, 12, 16.21... wave-dissipating caisson, 2, 4
, 1.8...Group C#, 3.10, 13, 15.17.
... Wave-dissipating section, 5... Wave-dissipating 114 passage, 6... Narrow passage section.
Claims (1)
ケーソンであって、上記消波用通路の開口率を２５％以
上６０％以下とし、かつ上記消波用通路内に狭路部を設
けたことを特徴とする消波ケーソン。1. A wave-dissipating caisson in which wave-dissipating passages are provided on the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the wave-dissipating section, and the opening ratio of the wave-dissipating passages is 25% or more and 60% or less, and a narrow passage is provided in the wave-dissipating passage. A wave-dissipating caisson characterized by having a section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1270957A JPH03132505A (en) | 1989-10-18 | 1989-10-18 | Wave dissipation caisson |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1270957A JPH03132505A (en) | 1989-10-18 | 1989-10-18 | Wave dissipation caisson |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03132505A true JPH03132505A (en) | 1991-06-05 |
Family
ID=17493378
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1270957A Pending JPH03132505A (en) | 1989-10-18 | 1989-10-18 | Wave dissipation caisson |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03132505A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006335187A (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Low reflection type wave-dissipating structure for large float |
| US7887254B2 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2011-02-15 | Halo Maritime Defense Systems, Inc. | Wave attenuator and security barrier system-adjustor |
-
1989
- 1989-10-18 JP JP1270957A patent/JPH03132505A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7887254B2 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2011-02-15 | Halo Maritime Defense Systems, Inc. | Wave attenuator and security barrier system-adjustor |
| JP2006335187A (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Low reflection type wave-dissipating structure for large float |
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