JPH0246681Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field The present invention is a means of cultivating plants using liquid fertilizer, in which the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank is raised and lowered by air pressure, and the rise causes the growth of crops. This invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation device that supplies liquid fertilizer to the roots and exposes the roots to the air by lowering the liquid fertilizer to absorb oxygen.

Prior Art and Problems As an example of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, there is an apparatus having a structure as shown in FIG.

This device uses liquid fertilizer supply circulation means, which supplies liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer tank C to the cultivation tank A using a liquid pump, and generates air bubbles (dissolved oxygen) in the aerator D to stimulate the roots of the crops. Soak in liquid fertilizer.
In addition, in the case of fruits and vegetables, in order to expose the roots of crops to the air and absorb oxygen, the drain valve is opened manually or automatically to discharge the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank A to the liquid fertilizer tank C. The liquid fertilizer is periodically circulated between the liquid fertilizer tank and the liquid fertilizer tank.

Since this hydroponic cultivation device has the above configuration,
Depending on the area of the cultivation tank and the scale of the equipment, it is necessary to install a large liquid fertilizer tank underground, supply liquid fertilizer from the underground liquid fertilizer tank to the cultivation tank and drain it back, or circulate the liquid fertilizer regularly. In order to prevent the spread of blight, it is difficult to install piping and other incidental equipment, and liquid fertilizer must be supplied or circulated from one liquid fertilizer tank to multiple cultivation tanks. It has problems such as spreading to all tanks and causing crops to wither.

The present invention was developed by focusing on the above-mentioned problems.The liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank is raised and lowered with a simple structure, eliminating the need for installing an underground liquid fertilizer tank, and preventing multiple epidemics. The purpose of the present invention is to propose a useful hydroponic cultivation device in which individual cultivation tanks are configured separately to facilitate management.

Means for Solving Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides air chambers each having a water passageway formed on the lower side in the lower part of a plurality of cultivation tanks. An air supply pipe is provided on the wall, and a flexible exhaust pipe is provided above the other side wall, and the air floats up due to the buoyancy caused by the inflow of air into the exhaust port side portion of each of these exhaust pipes, and when the inflow of air is stopped, it becomes free from its own weight. We propose a method in which sinking exhaust cabinets are provided and each of these exhaust cabinets is left stationary at the bottom of each cultivation tank.

Effects Since the present invention consists of the above-mentioned means, when using it, first put a fixed amount of liquid fertilizer into the cultivation tank 1 (first
Insert up to the W ₁ line in Figures and Figure 3). Then, on the upper surface of the air chamber 2, a crop C planted on a solid medium or a crop (not shown) planted on a planting panel is placed. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, when air is introduced into the air chamber 2 from the air supply pipe 4, it becomes bubbles and rises.
The liquid fertilizer starts to accumulate from the top of the air chamber 2, so if you continue to supply air, the same amount of liquid fertilizer as the amount of air supplied will flow into the water passage 3.
When the liquid level in the air chamber 2 is pushed down by air to the lowering limit (line A) shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the liquid level in the cultivation tank 1 reaches the third level. It has risen to the rising limit (W ₂ line) shown in Figure 4, and Crop C
The roots of are soaked in liquid fertilizer. Next, the exhaust casing 6 is placed stationary at the position shown in the third figure (the position indicated by the imaginary line in the fourth figure), but the liquid level in the air chamber 2 is at the position where the exhaust beak 9 is arranged as shown in the fourth figure. Lower descending limit (A
When the air pressure in the air chamber 2 exceeds the liquid pressure and the air flows into the exhaust housing 6, buoyancy is given to the exhaust housing, allowing the cultivation to be carried out while being exhausted into the liquid fertilizer. It rises to the liquid level _W2 in tank 1,
While the air supply continues, exhaust is performed while floating (the exhaust casing is displaced from the solid line position in Figure 3 to the solid line position in Figure 4). Exhaust case 6 floated to liquid level _W2
loses its buoyancy when the air supply is stopped, the air in the air chamber 2 disappears, and the air is no longer exhausted.
It sinks under its own weight and returns to its original position (the exhaust casing returns from the solid line position in Figure 4 to the solid line position in Figure 3).
Then, the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1 flows into the air chamber 2 from the water passage 3, the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1 descends, and the liquid level descends to the normal position _W1 .

Therefore, it is possible to raise and lower the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank with an extremely simple configuration, which not only eliminates the need for an underground liquid fertilizer tank required by the conventional technology, but also allows liquid fertilizer circulation means to be used as a preventive measure against epidemics. Exclude,
By configuring multiple cultivation tanks separately and adding a fixed amount of liquid fertilizer to each cultivation tank, even if late blight occurs in one cultivation tank, it will not spread to crops in other cultivation tanks. can be prevented and maintenance management becomes easier.

Embodiment A plurality of cultivation tanks 1 are configured as open boxes, and an air chamber 2 is installed in the lower part of the inside. The air chamber 2 has a structure in which an open box is laid down and fixed on the bottom plate of the cultivation tank 1, and is configured below the cultivation tank 1. The air chamber 2 has a plurality of passageways 3 formed in advance by forming an inverted U-shaped notch at a plurality of places on the periphery of the open box body, and a discharge port side of the air supply pipe 4 is formed in advance at the lower part of one side wall. The suction port side of the exhaust pipe 5 is fixed in advance above the other side wall, and after being constructed in this manner, the cultivation tank 1 is fixed with the water passage side facing downward so as not to float above the bottom plate. Regarding the dimensions of the air chamber 2, the height is set to approximately 1/2 of the height of the cultivation tank 1, so that even if the roots of the crop C are immersed in the liquid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer will not overflow from the cultivation tank 1. , the planar dimensions are slightly shorter than cultivation tank 1,
The liquid fertilizer is made to be able to go in and out of the cultivation tank 1, and the shape is formed to be similar to the cultivation tank 1. Air supply pipe 4
fixes the discharge port side below one side wall of the air chamber 2,
The suction port side is connected to the air pump 7, the air pump is electrically connected to the timer 8, and the operation of the air pump 7 is automatically controlled by the timer 8, and air is supplied into the air chamber 2 and air supply is stopped. to be performed automatically. Therefore, in large-scale plants that require a large amount of air, it is possible to use a high-pressure blower instead of an air pump, and the liquid fertilizer can be raised with a small amount of pressure. The exhaust pipe 5 is a flexible pipe (for example, a vinyl pipe) that can be easily bent, with the suction port side fixed above the other side wall of the air chamber 2, and an exhaust casing 6 attached to the part on the exhaust port side.
is provided, and this exhaust housing is placed stationary on the bottom plate in the cultivation tank 1, and is bent as the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank rises and falls, so that the exhaust housing 6 is displaced along with the liquid level moving up and down. do. The exhaust casing 6 is made of a material heavier than the exhaust pipe 5 (for example, aluminum, etc.) and has an opening formed in a part of the bottom, and the exhaust port of the exhaust pipe 5 is fixed to one side. To prevent air leakage, an exhaust beak 9 is provided to protrude above the other side. The exhaust housing 6 is a member for forced exhaust that functions when the liquid fertilizer in the air chamber 2 flows out into the cultivation tank 1 and the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1 rises.

To explain the function of the exhaust casing 6 with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, when air is introduced into the air chamber 2 from the air supply pipe 4 at the low position shown in FIG. The air bubbles rise and begin to accumulate in the upper part of the air chamber 2, but they flow from the exhaust pipe 5 to the exhaust housing 6 to the exhaust beak 9 and do not flow into the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1.
This is because the liquid pressure in the cultivation tank 1 is higher than the air pressure in the air chamber 2. When air continues to be supplied, liquid fertilizer in an amount equal to the amount of supplied air begins to flow from the air chamber 2 through the water passage 3 into the cultivation tank 1, and at the same time, the liquid fertilizer in the air chamber 2 begins to descend. The liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1 begins to rise. As the air supply continues, the liquid fertilizer in the air chamber 2 descends, and when the liquid level is pushed down by the air to the descending limit line A, which is lower than the exhaust beak 9 shown in Figure 4 (in other words, If the air in the chamber 2 accumulates up to line A), the pressure of the liquid in the cultivation tank 1, which was in the exhaust beak 9,
The air pressure in the air chamber 2 increases, and the air in the air chamber begins to flow into the exhaust casing 6 through the exhaust pipe 5. Since the exhaust housing 6 is heavier than the exhaust pipe 5, it normally sinks to the bottom of the cultivation tank 1, but when air flows in, it becomes buoyant and discharges air bubbles into the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1. while floating up to the liquid level W ₂ ,
The position is the solid line in Figure 4. Most of the air is exhausted by the exhaust housing 6 downward from the opening at the bottom, and the remaining small portion is exhausted from the exhaust beak 9. The exhaust casing 6, which has risen to the liquid level _W2 , remains at the liquid level _W2 while air is being supplied from the air supply pipe 4.
However, when the air supply is stopped by the timer 8, the air in the air chamber 2 disappears, and the air is no longer exhausted from the exhaust housing 6, the exhaust housing loses its buoyancy. It sinks to the bottom of the tank due to its own weight and returns to its original position as shown in Figure 3. and,
The liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1 flows into the air chamber 2 from the water passage 3, and the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1 descends until the liquid level reaches W ₁
descend to its normal position.

As described above, the device of the present invention sends air into the air chamber 2, uses the air pressure to push up the liquid fertilizer in the cultivation tank 1 flowing into the air chamber 2, and at the same time Exhaust pipe 5 attached to exhaust housing 6
is installed, and the difference between the liquid pressure in cultivation tank 1 and the air pressure in air chamber 2 is used to perform forced exhaust,
In the above embodiment, in order to automatically discharge the air from the air chamber 2, a solenoid valve or other automatic opening/closing valve is provided at an appropriate position on the exhaust pipe 5. It may also be configured to perform forced exhaust.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially longitudinal front view of the cultivation device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially cross-sectional plan view thereof. 3 and 4 are explanatory diagrams of the operation, and FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the prior art. In the figure, 1... Cultivation tank, 2... Air chamber, 3... Water passage, 4... Air supply pipe, 5... Exhaust pipe, 6
...Exhaust casing.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Each of the plurality of cultivation tanks is provided with an air chamber having a water passageway formed on the lower side thereof, an air supply pipe is provided below one side wall of each air chamber, and a flexible exhaust pipe is provided above the other side wall. are provided respectively, and float due to the buoyancy caused by the inflow of air to the exhaust port side part of each of these exhaust pipes,
A hydroponic cultivation device in which each exhaust cabinet is provided with an exhaust cabinet that sinks under its own weight when the inflow of air is stopped, and each exhaust cabinet is left stationary at the bottom of each cultivation tank.