JPH01314715A - Fiber and fabric having heat insulating property - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject fiber, containing fine ceramic particles having the ability to emit far infrared rays, excellent in heat insulating properties without unevenness in performance and suitable for winter or sports clothes. CONSTITUTION:The objective fiber obtained by containing preferably 0.1-10wt.% fine ceramic particles (preferably fine particles of group IV transition metal of the periodic table, especially preferably fine powder of carbide of silicon, boron, tantalum, etc., with <=1mum particle diameter) having the ability to emit far infrared rays. Furthermore, nylon, polyester, acrylic, vinylon, rayon, acetate, etc., are cited as the fiber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to fibers and fabrics having heat retention properties suitable for cold weather clothing and sports clothing.

(Prior Art) Traditionally, cold-weather clothing and sports clothing have formed a three-layer structure with batting inserted between two outer materials and a lining, and heat retention has been achieved by the thickness of the air layer in the batting. Such a three-layered fabric has the disadvantage that it is heavy and bulky, which hinders free movement, especially in sports clothing that requires ease of movement. In recent years, fabrics coated with metals such as aluminum and titanium have been used as linings to reflect heat from the body on the surface of the lining, reducing the amount of heat escaping outside the garment. Efforts have been made to solve this problem by reducing the amount of or not using it at all.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, with the above-mentioned vapor-deposited lining that has a heat-retaining effect, metals such as aluminum and titanium are vapor-deposited on the surface of the fabric, so there is a cost increase associated with the vapor-deposition process, and There were various problems such as the occurrence of deposition spots due to delicate handling of the fabric during the preparation process.

The present invention was made in view of the current situation, and aims to obtain fibers and fabrics having good heat retention properties without using post-processing methods such as vapor deposition.

(Means for Solving the Good Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have conducted intensive research and found that heat retention can be achieved by incorporating ceramic fine particles having far-infrared radiation ability into the fiber itself. A fiber having
It was discovered that a fabric having heat retention properties could be obtained by using this fiber, and the present invention was achieved.

In other words, two aspects of the present invention are: (1) A fiber having heat retention properties containing ceramic fine particles having far infrared radiation ability; and (2) A fiber comprising ceramic fine particles having far infrared radiation ability. ``A fabric with heat retention properties characterized by the following properties.''

The following two aspects of the present invention will be explained in detail.

Examples of ceramics having far-infrared radiation ability include carbides of transition metals in group Ⅰ of the periodic table such as titanium, zirconium, and hafnium, silicon, boron,
Examples include carbides such as Kunkle, oxides such as titanium, silicon, chromium, zirconium, and L&Im, and crystals such as mica, fluorite, and calcite.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use them in combination because they have a far-infrared radiation ability that is useful for heat retention in the room temperature range, and carbides of transition metals from group Ⅰ of the periodic table, which have a high far-infrared radiation ability, are particularly preferred.

The fine particles used in the present invention are powders pulverized to a particle size of 10 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less. If the particles are too large.

When it is added to the fibers described below, there are problems such as clogging of the filter medium in the spinning process and a decrease in spinnability due to yarn breakage, and even if spinning is possible, yarn breakage occurs during the drawing process. There is a problem.

Examples of the fibers in the present invention include synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, acrylic, and vinylon, and synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate.

The content of ceramic fine particles having far-infrared radiation ability is 0.1% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less based on the weight of m fibers,
Preferably, it is 1% by weight or more and 10% by weight or less.

If the content is less than 0.1% by weight, the desired heat retention property cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 20% by weight, the productivity of the fiber is poor and sufficient strength and elongation cannot be obtained in terms of fiber quality.

As a method for incorporating ceramic fine particles having far-infrared radiation ability into fibers, there is a method in which they are directly mixed with the raw material polymer of synthetic fibers and spun. There is a method of producing a master bunch, diluting it to a predetermined concentration at the time of spinning, and then spinning it.

Here, an example of a state in which ceramic fine particles are contained in fibers will be explained with reference to a cross-sectional view of the fibers.

Figure 1 shows a state in which ceramic fine particles are uniformly contained in the fiber 1, and Figures 2 and 3 are fibers with a core-sheath structure.
The figure shows the state in which ceramic fine particles are uniformly contained in the core part 2 and the sheath part 4 in Fig. 4, the state in which they are contained in three locations 6, 16, and 26 of the cross section, and Fig. 5 in the divided state. The thread is contained in 8 divided parts 8 out of 16 divided parts, the 6th
The figure shows a state in which a three-layer structured yarn is contained in the middle layer 10, and the seventh
The figure shows the state in which it is contained in the central part 12 of the side pie side yarn, and FIG. 8 shows the state in which it is contained in the partition part 14 of the seabird structure yarn.

Among these fibers with each cross-sectional structure, the fibers shown in Figure 1 are:
Since the entire cross section contains ceramic fine particles, it is unavoidable that the fibers have a relatively low level of strength. Parts 3, 5, 7. ．． 9, 11, and 13.15, it has the advantage that the decrease in strength due to the inclusion of ceramic fine particles is reduced depending on the degree.

In addition, in the fibers shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 8, the parts 2, 10, and 14 containing ceramic fine particles are inside the fibers and are not exposed on the surface, so the fibers cannot be manufactured easily. This has the advantage that the ceramic fine particles in the fibers do not damage the rollers, guides, etc. of the spinning machine or the knitting machine of the loom or knitting machine due to friction during the production of woven or knitted products.

In the fibers shown in Figures 4, 5, and 7, although the portions 6.16, 26, and 8.12 containing ceramic fine particles are exposed on the surface of the fiber, the degree of exposure is limited. 1st
Since there are far fewer fibers than those shown in the figure, the problem of the above-mentioned frictional damage is also reduced accordingly.

In the Shimezu fiber shown in FIGS. 2 to 8, there is no problem even if the part containing ceramic fine particles and the part not containing ceramic particles are different kinds of polymers.

and left-containing apricot 3 fibers (referring to Koyo 3S scatterings, conduits, and non-woven fabrics, mixed with ceramic-containing dissimilar fibers or non-ceramic-containing fibers).

It may be made of blended spinning, mixed knitting, mixed weaving, mixed knitting, etc.

The fabric of the present invention can be used as it is or after being dyed or treated with a resin.

The fabric of the present invention has excellent heat retention properties.

Ski wear such as ski jackets, ski dresses, and ski pants that require heat retention (both outer and lining can be used), sweatshirts, sweatshirts, shirts, tights, windbreakers, training wear, and underwear. , sports clothing such as swimsuits, wet suits, and the lining of wetsuits, cold weather clothing for outdoor sports such as mountain climbing, fishing, and hunting (can be used as both the outer and lining materials),
Sports goods such as linings and insoles for winter sports shoes, outer materials and linings for hats and gloves, cold-weather clothing for daily use, work clothes, cold-prevention underwear, general clothing such as belly wraps, belly bands, socks, etc., shoes and boots.・Inner materials such as gloves 1 Blankets, electric blankets, sheets, pine tresses, bedclothes such as mattresses, curtains, carpets, fabrics for carpets, kotatsu hooks, kotatsu mats, lap blankets.

It is used for a variety of purposes, including interior products such as Zabuton, tents, bedding, 2M industrial heat insulators, heat insulating covers, 2 gloves, synthetic leather base fabrics, etc.

(Function) The fibers and fabrics containing the ceramic having far-infrared radiation ability of the present invention have the ability to absorb solar energy possessed by the ceramic, convert it into thermal energy with a wavelength of 2 to 20 μm, and radiate it, and the ability to emit thermal energy with a wavelength of 2 to 20 μm. Due to its ability to reflect thermal energy of 20 μm, it radiates the previously absorbed energy internally, blocks thermal energy from the body, and suppresses leakage to the outside to a large extent, so it exhibits good heat retention. .

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. The performance of the fabrics in the Examples was measured by the following method.

(1) Heat retention In a constant temperature room at 20°C and 160%, a 100W photographic white light source is used as an energy source to measure the surface temperature of the fabric using a Thermopure (infrared sensor).

Measured at JEOL@products).

Example 60% manganese oxide, 20% ferric dioxide.

After mixing and sintering 10% copper oxide and 10% cobalt oxide.

20 parts by weight of ceramic fine particles ground to a particle size of 0.5 μm and 80 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate were uniformly melted and mixed to obtain a ceramic mixed composition.

This ceramic mixed composition and polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 1.1 were uniformly melted and mixed at a weight ratio of 10:90, and then spun at 1000 m/min after cooling and solidifying.
The ceramic-containing fiber of the present invention was wound up at a speed of 75 d/24 f after drawing.

This fiber is used for both the warp and weft for weaving.

A plain woven fabric having a warp density of 116 yarns/inch and a weft yarn density of 78 yarns/inch was obtained. For comparison with the present invention, the following Comparative Examples 1 to
Two comparison samples were prepared and compared with one of the present invention.

(Comparative Example 1) In this example, the method was exactly the same as in the second example except that the mixture of ceramics into the fibers was removed.

A comparative plain woven fabric of the same specification using polyethylene terephthalate fibers of 70 d/24 f was obtained.

(Comparative Example 2) The plain fabric of Comparative Example 1 was coated with aluminum metal vaporized under reduced pressure of 3 x 10-6 mmHg to 5 x 10-7 mmHg using an aluminum evaporation device to a thickness of 10 μm.
An aluminum vapor-deposited fabric for comparison was obtained by vapor-deposition processing so that the aluminum-deposited fabric had a thickness of m.

The performance of the fabrics of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was measured.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 As is clear from Table 1, the fabric of the present invention using the fibers of the present invention absorbs and retains the energy of the light source better than the fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the surface temperature of the fabric is lower. rise,
It showed good heat retention.

Example 2 80% ferric trihydride, 15% manganese dioxide.

After mixing and sintering 5% cobalt oxide, 15 parts by weight of ceramic fine particles ground to a particle size of 0.8 μm and 85 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate were uniformly melted and mixed to obtain a ceramic mixed composition.

This ceramic mixed composition and polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.8 were mixed in a weight ratio of 20:80.
Uniformly melt-spun at 300°C, cooled and assimilated, 1.
After winding at a speed of 000 m/min and drawing, a core-sheath type ceramic-containing fiber of the present invention of 50 d/24 f was obtained.

This fiber was used as both the front yarn and the back yarn to obtain a tricone half (fabric of the present invention) having 52 courses/inch and 47 wales/inch.

For comparison with the present invention, comparative samples of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 below were prepared and compared with the present invention.

C Comparative Example 3) In this example, the method was exactly the same as in the 9th example except that ceramic contamination in the fibers was removed.

Triconte halves of the same standard using polyethylene terephthalate fibers of 50d/24f were obtained.

(Comparative example 4) Using the tricot half obtained in Comparative Example 3 above.

This was subjected to aluminum vapor deposition processing using the same method and under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 2 to obtain a comparative vapor-deposited fabric.

The performance of the fabrics of the present invention and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 was measured.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 As is clear from Table 2, the fabrics of the present invention using the fibers of the present invention were compared with the fabrics of Comparative Examples 3 and 4.

It absorbed the energy from the light source well and did not let it escape, increasing the surface temperature of the fabric and demonstrating good heat retention.

Example 3 A ceramic mixed composition was obtained by uniformly melting and mixing 20 parts by weight of zirconium carbide fine particles with a particle size of 0.7 μm and 80 parts by weight of nylon 6. This ceramic mixed composition and nylon 6 with an intrinsic viscosity of 1.15 were mixed in a weight ratio of 15':8.
After uniformly melting and mixing at a ratio of 5 and spinning, cooling and solidifying, 4,
70 d/24 by winding at a speed of 000 m/min
A ceramic-containing fiber of the present invention of f was obtained. This fiber was used for both warp and weft to obtain a plain woven fabric of the present invention having a warp density of 116 threads/inch and a weft thread density of 78 threads/inch.

For comparison with the present invention, a comparative sample of Comparative Example 5 below was prepared and compared with the present invention.

(Comparative Example 5) In this example, a plain woven fabric of the same standard using 11 cow-nylon 6 fibers 70 d/24 f was fabricated by the same method as in the two examples except that the ceramic mixture in the fibers was removed. I got it.

The performance of the fabrics of the present invention and Comparative Example 5 was measured, and the results are shown in Table 3.

As is clear from Table 3, the two fabrics of the present invention absorbed the energy of the light source well and did not let it escape, the surface temperature of the fabric increased, and it exhibited good heat retention.

Example 4 4 parts by weight of zirconium carbide fine particles having a particle size of 0.7 μm and 96 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate were uniformly melted and mixed to obtain a 5-ceramic mixed composition.

This ceramic mixed composition and polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.8 were mixed in a weight ratio of 50:50,
At 0° C., concentric core-sheath composite fibers, in which the former forms the core, are melt-spun, cooled and solidified, and then wound at a speed of 1000 m/min and drawn once to produce core-sheath type ceramic-containing fibers of the present invention, 50 d/ 24 f was obtained.

This fiber was used for the front yarn, and 50 d/min of ordinary polyethylene terephthalate fiber containing no ceramic was used.
Using 36 f as hack yarn, 50 courses/inch,
A tricot half (fabric of the present invention) having 33 wales/inch was obtained.

For comparison with the present invention, a comparative sample of Comparative Example 6 below was prepared and compared with the present invention.

(Comparative Example 6) A tricot half of the same specification using polyethylene terephthalate fibers was obtained using the same method as in the three examples except that ceramic was not mixed into the fibers used for the front yarn in this example.

The performance of the fabrics of the present invention and Comparative Example 6 was measured.

The results are shown in Table 4.

As is clear from Table 4, the fabric of the present invention well absorbed the energy of the light source and did not let it escape, the surface temperature of the fabric increased, and it exhibited good heat retention.

Example 5 4 parts by weight of titanium carbide fine particles having a particle size of 0.9 μm and 96 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate were uniformly melted and mixed to obtain a ceramic mixed composition.

This ceramic mixed composition and polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.8 were melt-spun at 300'C at a weight ratio of 30:70 to form a concentric core-sheath composite fiber with the former serving as the core, and after cooling and solidifying, it was spun for 1000 m. After winding and drawing at a speed of /min, core-sheath type ceramic-containing fiber 15
0 d/48 f was obtained.

This ceramic-containing fiber 1'50, :]/48 f was false-twisted @ LS-6 type (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (manufactured by 11), with a false twist number of 2370 T/M, a first heater temperature of 200°C, and a second
Heater temperature 180°C 1st overfeed rate 0%
The second false-twisting process was carried out under the condition of an overfeed rate of 15%, and the resulting ceramic-containing false-twisted yarn was used as the back weave of a reversible knitted fabric without back needles. Using a normal triangular cross-section polyester false twisted bulky processed yarn 150 d/36 f, Toyota Industries F+1
A reversible knitted fabric (fabric of the present invention) without back needles was knitted using a KJ-36 type 9 knitting machine (30" x 22G) manufactured by KJ-36 (manufactured by ).

For comparison with the present invention, a comparative sample of Comparative Example 7 below was prepared and compared with the present invention.

(Comparative Example 7) A reversible knitted fabric of the same standard using polyethylene terephthalate fibers was made using the same method as in the two examples except that the ceramic was not mixed into the fibers used for the backing structure of the knitted fabric in this example. Obtained.

The performance of the fabrics of the present invention and Comparative Example 7 was measured, and the results are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 As is clear from Table 5, the two fabrics of the present invention absorbed the energy of the light source well and did not let it escape, the surface temperature of the fabric increased, and it exhibited good heat retention.

(Effect of the invention) The fabric of the present invention has excellent heat retention properties.

Since the fabric of the present invention contains ceramic in the fibers during the manufacturing process of the yarn used, there is no problem of cost increase in post-processing, and there is no unevenness in performance, and it has excellent heat retention properties, making it useful as a heat retention garment for sports. It is a fabric with a certain character.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 8 are cross-sectional views of examples of fibers containing ceramic fine particles having far-infrared radiation ability. 1 in the diagram. 2. 4. , 68.10,1
2, 14, 16.26 all indicate parts containing ceramic fine particles, 35, 7. 9. 11.
13. Reference numeral 15 indicates a portion not containing the fine particles.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A fiber with heat retaining properties containing ceramic fine particles having far-infrared radiation ability. (2) The fiber having heat retaining properties according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic fine particles are fine particles of a transition metal carbide of Group IV of the periodic table. (3) The fiber having heat retaining properties according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic fine particles are fine particles of carbide such as silicon, boron, tantalum, etc. (4) A fabric with heat retention properties, which is made of fibers containing ceramic fine particles that have far-infrared radiation ability. (5) The fabric having heat retaining properties according to claim 4, wherein the ceramic fine particles are fine particles of a transition metal carbide of Group IV of the periodic table. (6) The fabric having heat retaining properties according to claim 4, wherein the ceramic fine particles are fine particles of carbide such as silicon, boron, tantalum, etc.