JP7408226B2 - リチウム二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7408226B2 JP7408226B2 JP2022568474A JP2022568474A JP7408226B2 JP 7408226 B2 JP7408226 B2 JP 7408226B2 JP 2022568474 A JP2022568474 A JP 2022568474A JP 2022568474 A JP2022568474 A JP 2022568474A JP 7408226 B2 JP7408226 B2 JP 7408226B2
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- lithium secondary
- negative electrode
- secondary battery
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- lithium
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 lithium salt compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
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- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC#N RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008326 Si-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIEVWNYBKMKQIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co]=O.[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Co]=O.[Mn].[Li] VIEVWNYBKMKQIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTHKJEYUQSLYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co]=O.[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co]=O.[Ni].[Li] QTHKJEYUQSLYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNLNJNKIBQPPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Al+3].[Ni+2].[Li+].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Al+3].[Ni+2].[Li+].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] MNLNJNKIBQPPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021475 bohrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052795 boron group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCCCC1 VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVPZJHKVRMRREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCCC1 SVPZJHKVRMRREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoroborinic acid Chemical compound OB(F)F OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021479 dubnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000034964 establishment of cell polarity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SDAXRHHPNYTELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCC#N SDAXRHHPNYTELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;nickel;oxocobalt Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Ni].[Co]=O VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical class [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YSIMAPNUZAVQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCC#N YSIMAPNUZAVQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003431 oxalo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002409 silicon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound C=C[Si](C=C)(C=C)C=C UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYUQQUMHOZQROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(O)O SYUQQUMHOZQROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(=O)(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(=O)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
- H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2020年11月10日付けの韓国特許出願第10-2020-0149269号及び2021年11月8日付けの韓国特許出願第10-2021-0152275号に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示された全ての内容が本明細書の一部として組み込まれる。
Rは、炭素数1~4のアルキレン基であり、
R1は、少なくとも1つ以上のフッ素で置換された炭素数1~5のアルキル基である。
本発明は、リチウム塩、有機溶媒、及び下記化学式1で表される化合物を含むリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を提供する。
Rは、炭素数1~4のアルキレン基であり、
R1は、少なくとも1つ以上のフッ素で置換された炭素数1~5のアルキル基である。
前記リチウム塩は、リチウム二次電池用電解液に通常用いられるものであれば制限なく使用可能であり、例えば、陽イオンとしてはLi+を含み、陰イオンとしてはF-、Cl-、Br-、I-、NO3 -、N(CN)2 -、BF4 -、ClO4 -、B10Cl10 -、AlCl4 -、AlO2 -、PF6 -、CF3SO3 -、CH3CO2 -、CF3CO2 -、AsF6 -、SbF6 -、CH3SO3 -、(CF3CF2SO2)2N-、(CF3SO2)2N-、(FSO2)2N-、BF2C2O4 -、BC4O8 -、PF4C2O4 -、PF2C4O8 -、(CF3)2PF4 -、(CF3)3PF3 -、(CF3)4PF2 -、(CF3)5PF-、(CF3)6P-、C4F9SO3 -、CF3CF2SO3 -、CF3CF2(CF3)2CO-、(CF3SO2)2CH-、CF3(CF2)7SO3 -及びSCN-からなる群から選択される少なくともいずれか1つが挙げられる。
前記有機溶媒としては、リチウム電解質に通常用いられる様々な有機溶媒が制限なく使用可能である。例えば、前記有機溶媒は、環状カーボネート系有機溶媒、鎖状カーボネート系有機溶媒、又はこれらの混合有機溶媒を含んでもよい。
また、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液は、第1添加剤として、下記化学式1で表される化合物を含んでもよい。
Rは、炭素数1~4のアルキレン基であり、
R1は、少なくとも1つ以上のフッ素で置換された炭素数1~5のアルキル基である。
また、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液は、高出力の環境で非水電解液が分解して負極の崩壊が起こることを防止したり、低温高率放電特性、高温安定性、過充電防止、高温での電池膨張抑制効果などをさらに向上させるために、必要に応じて、前記化学式1で表される化合物以外に、他の付加的なその他の添加剤をさらに含んでもよい。
次に、本発明によるリチウム二次電池について説明する。
本発明による正極は、正極活物質を含む正極活物質層を含んでもよく、必要に応じて、前記正極活物質層は、導電材及び/又はバインダーをさらに含んでもよい。
次に、負極について説明する。
本発明によるリチウム二次電池は、前記正極及び負極間にセパレータを含む。
実施例1
(非水電解液の製造)
エチレンカーボネート(EC):エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)を30:70の体積比で混合した非水性有機溶媒99.9gにLiPF6が1.0Mとなるように溶解し、その後化学式1aで表される化合物0.1gを添加して、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を製造した。
溶剤であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)に、正極活物質粒子としてリチウムニッケル-マンガン-アルミニウム酸化物(Li(Ni0.86Mn0.07Co0.05Al0.02)O2)、導電材としてカーボンブラック、及びバインダーとしてポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVDF)(90:5:5の重量比)を添加して、正極活物質スラリー(固形分48重量%)を製造した。前記正極活物質スラリーを100μmの厚さの正極集電体(Al薄膜)に塗布及び乾燥し、その後ロールプレス(roll press)を実施して、正極を製造した。
溶剤であるNMPに、負極活物質(人造黒鉛:SiO=94.5:5.5の重量比)、バインダーとしてPVDF、導電材としてカーボンブラックを95:2:3の重量割合で添加し、負極活物質スラリー(固形分:70重量%)を製造した。前記負極活物質スラリーを90μmの厚さの負極集電体(Cu薄膜)に塗布及び乾燥し、その後ロールプレスを実施して、負極を製造した。
上述の方法で製造した正極と負極をポリエチレン多孔性フィルムと共に順次積層する通常の方法で電極組立体を製造し、その後それをパウチ型二次電池ケースに収納し、前記製造されたリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を注入して、リチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水性有機溶媒99.5gにLiPF6が1.0Mとなるように溶解し、その後化学式1aで表される化合物0.5gを添加して、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水性有機溶媒99gにLiPF6が1.0Mとなるように溶解し、その後化学式1aで表される化合物1.0gを添加して、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液(B-3)を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水性有機溶媒98.5gにLiPF6が1.0Mとなるように溶解し、その後化学式1aで表される化合物1.5gを添加して、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水性有機溶媒98gにLiPF6が1.0Mとなるように溶解し、その後化学式1aで表される化合物2.0gを添加して、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水性有機溶媒97gにLiPF6が1.0Mとなるように溶解し、その後化学式1aで表される化合物3.0gを添加して、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水性有機溶媒93gにLiPF6が1.0Mとなるように溶解し、その後化学式1aで表される化合物7.0gを添加して、本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水性有機溶媒中に添加剤を含まないことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
添加剤として、化学式1aで表される化合物の代わりに、下記化学式2の化合物を添加して非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
添加剤として、化学式1aで表される化合物の代わりに、下記化学式3で表される化合物を添加して非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
添加剤として、化学式1aで表される化合物の代わりに、下記化学式4で表される化合物を添加して非水電解液を製造したことを除き、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
実験例1:高温(45℃)での容量維持率及び抵抗増加率の評価
実施例1~7で製造されたリチウム二次電池と比較例1~4で製造されたリチウム二次電池に対して200mAの電流(0.1C rate)でフォーメーション(formation)を行い、その後このときの放電容量を初期容量として設定し、測定された抵抗を初期抵抗として設定した。
実施例1~7で製造されたリチウム二次電池と比較例1~4で製造されたリチウム二次電池に対してそれぞれ0.33C rateで4.2Vまで定電流/定電圧条件で充電及び0.05C cut off充電を行い、0.33C、2.5Vで放電した後の放電容量を初期容量として設定し、このときの抵抗を初期抵抗として設定した。
実施例1~7で製造されたリチウム二次電池と比較例1~4で製造されたリチウム二次電池をそれぞれ常温(25℃)で0.33C rateで4.2Vまで定電流/定電圧で充電し、50mA cut offまで満充電(SOC 100%)し、その後PNE-0506充放電器(メーカー:PNE solution)を用いて高温貯蔵前の初期電圧(4.2V)を測定した。
電圧降下率(%)={(60日後の電圧-初期電圧)/初期電圧}×100
Claims (10)
- リチウム塩、有機溶媒、及び下記化学式1で表される化合物を含む、リチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
Rは、炭素数1~4のアルキレン基であり、
R1は、少なくとも1つ以上のフッ素で置換された炭素数1~5のアルキル基である。 - 前記化学式1において、Rは、炭素数2~4のアルキレン基であり、
R1は、少なくとも1つ以上のフッ素で置換された炭素数1~4のアルキル基である、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。 - 前記化学式1において、R1は、少なくとも1つ以上のフッ素で置換された炭素数1~3のアルキル基である、請求項2に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、下記化学式1aで表される化合物である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、リチウム二次電池用非水電解液の総重量に対して、0.01重量%~5重量%で含まれる、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、リチウム二次電池用非水電解液の総重量に対して、0.5重量%~5重量%で含まれる、請求項5に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記リチウム二次電池用非水電解液は、ハロゲンで置換又は非置換されたカーボネート系化合物、スルトン系化合物、スルファート系化合物、ホスファート系又はホスフィット系化合物、ボラート系化合物、ニトリル系化合物、アミン系化合物、シラン系化合物及びリチウム塩系化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上のその他の添加剤をさらに含むものである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 正極活物質を含む正極と、
負極活物質を含む負極と、
前記負極及び正極間に介在するセパレータと、
請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液とを含む、リチウム二次電池。 - 前記正極活物質は、ニッケル(Ni)、コバルト(Co)、マンガン(Mn)、鉄(Fe)及びアルミニウム(Al)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つ以上の金属と、リチウムとを含むものである、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 前記負極活物質は、炭素系負極活物質及びシリコン系負極活物質のうち少なくとも1つ以上を含むものである、請求項8または9に記載のリチウム二次電池。
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