JP7391056B2 - Niの多い電極活物質の製造方法 - Google Patents
Niの多い電極活物質の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7391056B2 JP7391056B2 JP2020573290A JP2020573290A JP7391056B2 JP 7391056 B2 JP7391056 B2 JP 7391056B2 JP 2020573290 A JP2020573290 A JP 2020573290A JP 2020573290 A JP2020573290 A JP 2020573290A JP 7391056 B2 JP7391056 B2 JP 7391056B2
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- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N trans-stilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000385 transition metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Description
(NiaCobMnc)1-dM1 d (I a)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
cは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1の範囲であり、
M1は、Ba、Mg、Al、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つである)
(NiaCobAle)1-dM2 d (I b)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
eは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1の範囲であり、
M2は、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つである)
による金属の組み合わせであり、
xは-0.05~+0.2の範囲であり、
前記方法は、以下の工程、
(a)5~14の範囲のpH値を有する水性媒体で前記Li1+xTM1-xO2を処理する工程と、
(b)固液分離により、処理されたLi1+xTM1-xO2から前記水性媒体を除去する工程と
を含み、
工程(a)及び(b)は、最大3分間の時間差で開始される。
(a)5~14の範囲のpH値を有する水性媒体で前記Li1+xTM1-xO2を処理する工程と、
(b)固液分離により、処理されたLi1+xTM1-xO2から前記水性媒体を除去する工程と
を含み、
ここで、工程(a)及び(b)は、最大3分間の時間差で開始される。
(NiaCobMnc)1-dM1 d (I a)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95、好ましくは0.85~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2、好ましくは0.025~0.1の範囲であり、
cは、0.025~0.2、好ましくは0.05~0.1の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1、好ましくは0~0.04の範囲であり、
M1は、Al、Mg、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つ、好ましくはAl、Ti及びWの少なくとも1つである)。
(c)350~900℃、好ましくは550~750℃の範囲の温度で、処置(measure)(a)及び(b)に従って処理された物質を熱処理する工程。
(NiaCobMnc)1-dM1 d (I a)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95、好ましくは0.85~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2、好ましくは0.025~0.1の範囲であり、
cは、0.025~0.2、好ましくは0.05~0.1の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1、好ましくは0~0.04の範囲であり、
M1は、Al、Mg、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つ、好ましくはAl、Ti及びWの少なくとも1つである)。
(Nia*Cob*Ale*)1-d*M2 d* (I b)
(式中、a*+b*+c*=1であり、
a*は、0.75~0.95、好ましくは0.88~0.95の範囲であり、
b*は、0.025~0.2、好ましくは0.025~0.1の範囲であり、
e*は、0.01~0.2、好ましくは0.015~0.04の範囲であり、
d*は、0~0.1、好ましくは0~0.02の範囲であり、
M2は、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つである)。
の化合物である。
(式中、Yが酸素及び硫黄から選択される場合、t=1であり、
Yが窒素及びリンから選択される場合、t=2であり、
Yが炭素及びケイ素から選択される場合、t=3である)。
w(LiOH) = ((VEP1-(VEP2-VEP1)) ・ cHCl ・ tHCl ・ MLiOH ・100) / (mサンプル ・ 1000)
(式中、VEP1及びVEP2:mlで表示する、変曲点/等量点での体積
CHCl:mol/lで表示する、標準溶液の濃度
tHCl:標準溶液の滴定量
MLiOH:g/molで表示する、LiOHのモル質量(23.95g/mol)
mサンプル:gで表示する、サンプルの質量(再秤量によって生成した)
100:g/100gで表示する結果を得るための換算係数
1000:mgで表示するサンプル質量を得るための換算係数)、
及び
w(Li2CO3) = ((VEP2-VEP1) ・ cHCl ・ tHCl ・ MLi2CO3 ・ 100) / (mサンプル ・ 1000)
(式中、VEP1及びVEP2:mlで表示する、変曲点/等量点での体積
CHCl:mol/lで表示する、標準溶液の濃度
tHCl:標準溶液の滴定量
MLi2CO3:g/molで表示する、Li2CO3のモル質量(73.89g/mol)
mサンプル:gで表示する、サンプルの質量(再秤量によって生成した)
100:g/100gで表示する結果を得るための換算係数
1000:mgで表示するサンプル質量を得るための換算係数)。
I.1 前駆体の製造
脱イオン水及び1kgの水あたり49gの硫酸アンモニウムで、撹拌タンク反応器を充填した。溶液を55℃に加熱し、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加することにより12のpH値を調整した。
上記のように得られた混合遷移金属(TM)オキシヒドロキシド前駆体(遷移金属の組成はNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05)を、Al2O3と混合してNi+Co+Mn+Alに対して0.3モル%のAlの濃度を得、LiOH一水和物と混合して1.06のLi/(TM+Al)モル比を得た。得られた混合物を760℃に加熱し、60体積%の酸素と40体積%の窒素との混合物の強制流中で10時間保持した。室温に冷却した後、粉末を解凝集し(deagglomerated)、32μmのメッシュでふるいにかけて、Alドープ塩基CAM.1を得た。
II.1 本発明によるCAM.1の処理
室温で、1.33の質量比で(CAM.1:水)、CAM.1を脱塩水に添加した。得られたスラリーを3分間撹拌した後、液体をブフナー漏斗を通して濾過することにより直ちに除去した。このようにして得られた濾過ケーキを、真空メンブランポンプ中40℃で一晩乾燥させ、続いて、同様に真空メンブランポンプ中200℃で14時間の第2の乾燥工程を行った。CAM.1-Wを得た。濾液のpH値は12.46であった。
実施例II.1を繰り返したが、濾過を開始する前に撹拌を35分間続けた。C-CAM.1-Wを得た。濾液のpH値は12.50であった。
電極活物質、Arkema GroupからKynar HSV 900として市販されている、N-エチルピロリドン(NEP)に溶解したポリビニリデンジフルオリド(「PVdF」)の10質量%の溶液、Imerysから「Super C 65」として市販されている、62m2/gのBET表面積を有するカーボンブラック、Imerysから「SFG6L」として市販されているグラファイト、及び追加のNEP。62%の固形分、及び93:1.5:2.5.3の電極活物質:カーボン:グラファイト:PVdFの質量比を得た。
R = (E(0s) - E (10s)) / I(10s) ・ 電極面積
(式中、I(10s)は、10秒間続く2Cのパルス中の電流である)。
Claims (8)
- 一般式Li1+xTM1-xO2による電極活物質を改質する方法であって、TMは、一般式(Ia)又は(Ib)、
(NiaCobMnc)1-dM1 d (I a)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
cは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1の範囲であり、
M1は、Ba、Mg、Al、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つである)
(NiaCobAle)1-dM2 d (I b)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
eは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1の範囲であり、
M2は、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つである)
による金属の組み合わせであり、
xは-0.05~+0.2の範囲であり、
前記方法は、以下の工程、
(a)少なくとも5から最大14までの範囲のpH値を有する水性媒体で前記Li1+xTM1-xO2を処理する工程と、
(b)固液分離により、処理されたLi1+xTM1-xO2から前記水性媒体を除去する工程と
を含み、
工程(a)及び(b)は、同時に開始される、方法。 - 攪拌機を備えるフィルター装置で又は遠心分離機で、処置(a)及び(b)を実行する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 攪拌器を備える圧力フィルター又は吸引フィルターを使用することによって、処置(b)を実行する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)による前記水性媒体は、0.001~10質量%の、Al、Mo、W、Ti又はZrの酸化物又は水酸化物又はオキシ水酸化物を含有する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- TMは、一般式(Ia)、
(NiaCobMnc)1-dM1 d (I a)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
cは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1の範囲であり、
M1は、Al、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つである)
による金属の組み合わせである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - TMは、一般式(Ib)
(NiaCobAle)1-dM2 d (I b)
(式中、a+b+c=1であり、
aは、0.75~0.95の範囲であり、
bは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
eは、0.025~0.2の範囲であり、
dは、0~0.1の範囲であり、
M2は、W、Mo、Ti又はZrの少なくとも1つである)
による金属の組み合わせである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記方法は、後続の工程(c)
(c)350~900℃の範囲の温度で、処置(a)及び(b)に従って処理された物質を熱処理する工程
を含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 工程(a)の開始時に、前記水性媒体は少なくとも5から最大14までのpH値を有する、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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CN112424125A (zh) | 2021-02-26 |
EP3814280B1 (en) | 2023-11-29 |
CN112424125B (zh) | 2024-03-15 |
KR20210022582A (ko) | 2021-03-03 |
US20210376318A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
EP3814280A1 (en) | 2021-05-05 |
JP2021530085A (ja) | 2021-11-04 |
US11862795B2 (en) | 2024-01-02 |
WO2020002024A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
HUE065888T2 (hu) | 2024-06-28 |
PL3814280T3 (pl) | 2024-05-13 |
KR102696049B1 (ko) | 2024-08-16 |
ES2971810T3 (es) | 2024-06-07 |
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