JP7281617B2 - water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus that purifies water by filtration, and a chemical supply device used in the water treatment apparatus.

Water treatment equipment using granular filter media is widely used in water purification plants, factories, and other facilities. There is laminar filtration. Such water treatment equipment is mainly used for the purpose of removing impurities such as turbidity components in raw water. This causes various problems such as outflow of impurities to the downstream stage of water treatment equipment due to the formation of water channels.

Therefore, as a general regeneration method, backwashing is used in which the raw water is passed in the direction opposite to the filtration direction and the captured impurities are discharged out of the system. In the case of using the filter in the bottom, even if the filter is backwashed, the turbidity components in the raw water remain in the filter tank, so the backwashing effect cannot be maximized and clogging occurs immediately after the backwashing. As a means of solving this problem, in conventional water treatment equipment, a treated water storage tank is installed to store the treated water, and the stored treated water is used during backwashing (for example, , see Patent Document 1).

The water treatment apparatus will be described below with reference to FIG.

The water treatment apparatus sends raw water from a water storage tank 101 to a filtration tank 103 by a raw water pump 102, and the treated water filtered by a filter medium 104 in the filtration tank 103 is stored in a filtered water storage tank 105 and used as filtered water. On the other hand, when backwashing the filter medium 104, the backwashing pump 106 sends filtered water from the filtered water storage tank 105 to the filtering tank 103 to perform backwashing.

Japanese Patent No. 5351406

However, since conventional water treatment equipment uses a large amount of backwash water to wash the filter media at one time, a large tank for backwash water is required. are doing. However, there is a problem that the occupied area of the water treatment apparatus increases due to the provision of a large-sized filter tank water tank for backwashing. Therefore, it is not practical for general households or small-scale facilities where it is difficult to secure installation space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment apparatus capable of supplying a sufficient amount of clean backwash water for backwashing and capable of being installed in a small space.

In order to achieve this object, the water treatment apparatus according to the present invention is a water treatment apparatus that filters raw water from a water source and extracts purified water,
a filtration unit containing a filter medium;
a raw water inflow pipe for inflowing raw water from the water source to the filtration unit;
a chemical supply unit that adds a chemical within the route of the raw water inflow pipe;
A purified water discharge pipe for taking out filtered treated water from the filtering unit;
a backwash drain pipe branched downward from a first branch portion between the chemical supply portion and the filtration portion in the path of the raw water inflow pipe;
Having a backwashing water pipe branched at a second branching portion between the water source and the chemical supply unit in the path of the raw water inflow pipe,
The backwash water pipe joins the purified water discharge pipe at a third branch in the route of the purified water discharge pipe,
During filtration,
The first branch part communicates the drug supply part and the filtering part,
the second branch portion communicates from the water source to the drug supply portion;
The third branch part communicates the filtering part and the terminal side of the purified water discharge pipe,
During the backwash process,
The first branch part communicates the backwash drain pipe and the filtering part,
The second branch part communicates the water source and the backwash water pipe,
The third branching portion achieves the intended purpose by a configuration in which the backwashing water pipe and the filtering portion are communicated with each other.

According to the water treatment apparatus of the present invention, the filtering process and the backwashing process can be performed with the same water source. Since it can be shared, it can be installed in a small space.

Schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention Perspective view of the internal structure of the same water treatment equipment Sectional drawing which shows the inside of the filtration part of the same water treatment apparatus Schematic diagram showing the flow of water during filtration in the water treatment equipment Schematic diagram showing water flow during reverse treatment of the same water treatment equipment Schematic diagram showing the flow of water during rinsing treatment of the same water treatment equipment The perspective view which shows the chemical|medical agent supply part of the same water treatment apparatus. Cross-sectional view of the chemical supply part of the same water treatment device (a) cross-sectional view, (b) enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the chemical supply unit of the same water treatment apparatus Cross-sectional view of a replenishment valve used in the same water treatment equipment Internal structure side view of the same water treatment equipment Exterior perspective view of the same water treatment equipment Schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional water treatment device

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
The water treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment uses well water or water stored in a water tank as raw water, and a filtration process for removing metal ions and turbidity components contained in this raw water, and a filtration process to remove accumulated in the system. Backwashing is performed to discharge metal ion aggregates and turbidity components out of the system.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the water treatment apparatus 1 has a filtration unit 2 containing a filter medium 2a and a chemical supply unit 3 for adding chemicals to raw water. It is configured by connecting with a pipe as described later. The filtration unit 2 removes metal ions and turbidity components from the raw water to purify the raw water. A raw water inflow pipe 10 is a pipe for sending raw water to the filtering unit 2 , and a purified water discharge pipe 20 is a pipe for sending out the water purified by the filtering unit 2 from the filtering unit 2 . The purified water is stored in a purified water tank or the like and used as domestic water when necessary.

Raw water is sent to the water treatment apparatus 1 by an electric pump 4 connected to the inlet side of the raw water inflow pipe 10 (opposite side of the filtration unit 2). Instead of using the electric pump 4, a method may be used in which a water tank is provided at a high place and the raw water is sent to the water treatment apparatus 1 by the height difference between the water tank and the water treatment apparatus 1. Alternatively, tap water jointly operated in the area may be directly connected. In this embodiment, in addition to wells, water tanks, taps, etc., water sources include equipment for sending out raw water.

The electric pump 4 is a pump driven by an electric motor that sucks up and discharges well water or water stored in a water tank. An axial flow pump, a mixed flow pump, or the like is used. When used in general households, the depth of the well must be about 1 to 10 meters for shallow wells, and 10 to 30 meters or more for deep wells. Considering the head loss of the downstream piping and water treatment equipment, a pump with a head of 20 meters or more is preferable, and a vortex pump or a jet pump is more preferable. The discharge flow rate of the electric pump is, for example, about 5 liters to 50 liters per minute, and for general household use, a flow rate characteristic of about 5 liters to 15 liters per minute is more preferable.

The raw water inflow pipe 10 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 may be made of materials and structures that can withstand the water pressure of the electric pump 4 . Specifically, for example, vinyl chloride resin, steel pipes, or straight pipes and pipe joints using composite materials thereof can be used because of their durability and ease of processing. It is preferable that the nominal diameter is large so as to reduce the head loss, for example, 13 to 50 mm and a thickness of 1 to 5 mm.

The chemical supply unit 3 is provided in the path of the raw water inflow pipe 10 . Although details will be described later, the chemical supply unit 3 adds an oxidizing agent to the raw water, aggregates the metal ions contained in the raw water as substances that are poorly soluble in water, and makes them easier to collect in the filtration unit 2. do.

(Filtration part)
As shown in FIG. 3, the filtration unit 2 includes a tank 2b, a filter medium 2a filled inside the tank 2b, a distribution plug 2c connecting a pipe to the tank 2b, and an outlet pipe 2d for taking out filtered purified water. have. The tank 2b in the present embodiment is a substantially cylindrical container, and a distribution stopper 2c having a bowl-shaped bottom (it does not have to be bowl-shaped) is provided at the top of the tank 2b for filtering. The inside and outside of the part 2 are communicated. A water discharge port and a lead-out pipe connection port are provided inside the distribution cock 2c. Two pipes extend horizontally from the outside of the distribution tap 2c and are connected to the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the purified water discharge pipe 20, respectively. In the present embodiment, the two tubes extending outward from distribution plug 2c are arranged substantially on a straight line and extend in opposite directions from the center of distribution plug 2c.

The lead-out pipe 2d is arranged substantially vertically inside the tank 2b, its upper end is connected to the lead-out pipe connection port of the distribution tap 2c, and its lower end is an open end near the bottom of the tank 2b. The lead-out pipe 2d is for discharging the filtered water from the bottom to the top during the filtration process, and may be any pipe that causes less head loss and is less likely to be clogged. For example, a straight pipe with a diameter of 20 mm or more can be used. The material is preferably one that is resistant to corrosion, such as resin and metal. Although details will be described later, a lower strainer 2e is attached to the lower end of the lead-out pipe 2d to prevent the filtering material 2a and the like from entering the lead-out pipe 2d.

As described above, the spout provided in the distribution cock 2c and the raw water inflow pipe 10 communicate with each other.
Raw water flows into the filtering section 2 from the spout. The spout is provided with an upper strainer 2f so as to cover the opening. The upper strainer 2f prevents the filtering material 2a from being discharged outside the filtering section 2 in the backwashing process, which will be described later.

The upper strainer 2f and the lower strainer 2e are arranged to prevent the filter material 2a in the filtering section 2 from flowing out of the filtering section 2 to the outside. That is, the upper strainer 2f is installed so as to cover the spout so as to prevent the filter medium 2a from flowing out of the filtering section 2 during the backwashing process. The lower strainer 2e is installed so as to cover the opening at the lower end of the lead-out pipe 2d so as to prevent the filter medium 2a from flowing out of the filtering section 2 during filtering. The upper strainer 2f and the lower strainer 2e may be mesh-like or slit-like, and have pores or gaps of 0.3 to 1 mm smaller than the opening width of the filter medium 2a. As for the material, it is preferable to use a material that does not easily corrode like the lead-out pipe 2d, such as resin or metal.

The filtering medium 2a contained in the filtering part 2 is the most basic member for exhibiting the performance of the water treatment device 1. As shown in FIG. The purpose of the filter medium 2a is to capture and remove coarse particles and aggregates having a particle diameter of about 10 micrometers or more, thereby reducing the turbidity of the raw water. The filter medium 2a can remove particles having a surface potential that is adsorbed to the filter medium 2a, particles with a particle diameter of about 1 to 10 micrometers, and chromaticity, depending on the state of existence of ions and the like in the raw water.

As the filter medium 2a, a material suitable for the object to be removed can be used, such as filter sand, pellet-shaped fiber filter medium, or the like. The material of the filter medium 2a may be, for example, sand, anthracite, garnet, ceramics, granular activated carbon, iron oxyhydroxide, manganese sand, etc., as long as it has a hardness that allows it to settle in water and resist deformation under pressure. It is preferable to use particles having a particle diameter of, for example, 0.3 mm to 5.0 mm and a uniformity coefficient of 1.2 to 2.0.

In addition, the specific gravity of the filter medium 2a differs depending on the material. .8 to 4.1 grams per cubic centimeter. The multi-layer filtration method, in which a plurality of types of filter media are mixed and used, is a method in which particles of different sizes are layered from the bottom in order from the smallest particle as a layer for filtration, utilizing such a difference in specific gravity. In the multi-layer filtration method, particles having a large specific gravity and a small size and particles having a small specific gravity and a large size are mixed to form a multi-layer structure. The multi-layer filtration method is preferable because it has advantages such as high filtration efficiency per unit volume and low head loss compared to the use of a single type of filter medium. As the granular filter medium, for example, 0.3 mm of garnet, 0.6 mm of sand, and 1.0 mm of anthracite are mixed at a ratio of 2:1:1 and used. It is desirable to adjust the mixing ratio and particle size according to the properties. The filling amount of the filter medium 2a is preferably determined in consideration of filtration performance, durability, head loss, and the like. By increasing the number of filter media 2a, the removal performance and the amount of turbidity retained are increased, and the interval between cleaning can be extended, and the frequency of cleaning can be reduced. On the other hand, since the head loss increases, problems such as a decrease in flow rate may occur.

In this embodiment, the filter medium 2a is composed of three layers, an upper layer of activated carbon, a middle layer of manganese sand, and a lower layer of gravel. In the filtering section 2 of the present embodiment, the above filtering action works mainly in the upper layer and the middle layer. On the other hand, in the gravel layer with a relatively large grain size at the bottom layer, manganese sand and activated carbon are added to the lower strainer 2e to improve the flow of water up to the lower strainer 2e and prevent the filter medium 2a from flowing out from the lower strainer 2e. It also plays a role of covering so that it does not reach. Further, in the case of the backwashing process, which will be described later, the backwashing water jetted from the lower strainer 2e is rectified at the bottom layer so that it can easily flow to the middle and upper layers.

Moreover, it is preferable that the pressure resistance of the filtration unit 2 containing the filter medium 2a is equal to or higher than the maximum output head of the electric pump 4 to be used. As the material of the filtering part 2, metal, resin, resin reinforced with glass fiber, or the like is suitable. The filtering unit 2 is required not only to come into contact with water but also to have sufficient water resistance and weather resistance because it may be used outdoors where a well is provided. Water resistance and weather resistance can be ensured by the material, wall thickness, or composite materials such as coatings. Considering the space in which the filter media 2a expand during backwashing, the size of the filtration unit 2 is preferably such that it is possible to ensure a volume of about 1.5 to 3 times the total amount of the filter media 2a to be put inside. As for the shape, it is preferable to use a cylindrical, spherical, or ellipsoidal shape, which are highly durable against pressure. can also

(Piping configuration)
In the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, in addition to filtering raw water and taking out purified water in the filtration unit 2, particulate matter (dirt, turbidity components, metal aggregates, etc.) collected by the filtration unit 2 is removed. It has a function of discharging out of the system by backwashing. Next, the piping structure in the water treatment apparatus 1 and the flow of water in the filtration process and the backwash process will be described.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment and the flow of water during filtration. As shown in FIG. 4, the raw water inflow pipe 10 is connected from the raw water inlet 11 on the water source side to the filtration unit 2 via the chemical supply unit 3 during the filtration process. The purified water discharge pipe 20 is connected from the filtration unit 2 to the purified water outlet 21 of the water treatment device 1 during the filtration process.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows the flow of water during backwashing. As shown in FIG. 5, the flow of water in the filtering section 2 is reversed during the backwashing process. Therefore, during the backwashing process, the filtration unit 2 sends water from the purified water discharge pipe 20 side to the filtration unit 2 and discharges water from the raw water inflow pipe 10 side. The water treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can perform filtering and backwashing using a single water source (electric pump 4). Therefore, a backwash water pipe 80 connecting the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 is provided in order to allow the raw water to flow from the purified water discharge pipe 20 side in the filtration unit 2 during the backwashing process. Here, in the raw water inflow pipe 10, between the chemical supply part 3 and the filtration part 2, there is a branch part 13 with a backwash drain pipe 40 for discharging the backwash drain flowing out of the filtration part 2 during the backwashing process. It is provided as a first branch. Also, a connecting portion of the backwashing water pipe 80 and the raw water inflow pipe 10 is referred to as a branch portion 12 as a second branch portion. A connecting portion between the backwash water pipe 80 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 is referred to as a branch portion 22 as a third branch portion.

In such a piping configuration, water flows as follows during filtration (FIG. 4).
Raw water inlet 11→(Raw water inflow pipe 10)→Branch portion 12→Drug supply portion 3→Branch portion 13→Filter portion 2→(Purified water discharge pipe 20)→Branch portion 22→Purified water outlet 21
A check valve 62 is provided in the route of the purified water discharge pipe 20 . Purified water taken out from the purified water outlet 21 is often piped to a purified water tank provided at a high place. The check valve 62 prevents reverse flow of purified water from a purified water tank provided at a high place, thereby preventing reverse flow of water into the filtering section 2 .

On the other hand, during backwashing, water flows as follows (Fig. 5).
Raw water inlet 11 → (raw water inflow pipe 10) → branch 12 → (backwashing water pipe 80) → branch 22 → (purified water discharge pipe 20) → filtration unit 2 → (raw water inflow pipe 10) → branch 13 → ( Backwash drain pipe 40) → Backwash drain port 41
Opening/closing valves are provided for switching the direction of communication at the branching portions 12, 13, and 22 so that the water flows as described above in the filtering process and the backwashing process. The on-off valve used in this embodiment is the same type of manual valve, and when opening, the longitudinal direction of the handle is parallel to the pipe, and when closing, the longitudinal direction of the handle is perpendicular to the pipe. to Hereinafter, the direction of the handle refers to the longitudinal direction of the handle.

In the water treatment device 1 of the present embodiment, the switching is realized by four on-off valves (two-way valves). That is, the backwash water supply valve 81 provided in the backwash water supply pipe 80, the chemical supply valve 14 provided between the branch portion 12 and the chemical supply portion 3 in the raw water inflow pipe 10, and the purified water discharge pipe 20 branch The flow of water in the filtration process and the backwash process is switched by a combination of opening and closing of the purified water take-out valve 23 provided between the part 22 and the purified water outlet 21 and the backwash valve 42 provided in the backwash drain pipe 40 .

During the filtration process, the chemical supply valve 14 and the purified water extraction valve 23 are opened, and the backwashing water supply valve 81 and the backwashing valve 42 are closed. That is, the branching portion 12 communicates the raw water inlet 11 and the chemical supply portion 3, the branching portion 13 communicates the chemical supply portion 3 and the filtering portion 2, and the branching portion 22 communicates the filtering portion 2 and the purified water outlet 21. communicate.

On the other hand, during the backwashing process, the chemical supply valve 14 and the purified water extraction valve 23 are closed, and the backwashing water supply valve 81 and the backwashing valve 42 are opened. That is, in the branching part 12, the raw water inlet 11 and the backwashing water pipe 80 are communicated, and in the branching part 13, the connecting side of the filtering part 2 with the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the backwashing drain port 41 are communicated, and branched. In the part 22, the connection side of the backwashing water pipe 80 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 of the filtering part 2 is communicated.

In other words, the communication direction of the branch portion 12 is switched by the chemical supply valve 14 and the backwash water supply valve 81 . A water outlet is determined by the purified water outlet valve 23 and the backwash valve 42 . Thus, in this embodiment, a two-way valve is used, and the piping route is switched without using a complicated three-way valve. Therefore, clogging of the pipe can be suppressed, and the cost of the apparatus can be suppressed.

In the present embodiment, the backwash water supply valve 81 and the backwash valve 42 are arranged with the water supply direction vertical, and the chemical supply valve 14 and the purified water extraction valve 23 are arranged with the water supply direction horizontal. With this arrangement, the handles of the backwashing water supply valve 81, the backwashing valve 42, the chemical supply valve 14, and the purified water extraction valve 23 are all oriented horizontally during the filtration process. In addition, during the backwashing process, the handles of the backwashing water supply valve 81, the backwashing valve 42, the chemical supply valve 14, and the purified water take-out valve 23 are all oriented in the vertical direction. There are merits.

In addition, a large flow rate is required for backwashing. That is, the flow rate during the filtration process is made smaller than the flow rate during the backwash process. Therefore, a restrictor is provided in a part of the pipe through which the liquid is passed during the filtration process to suppress the flow rate during the filtration process. Specifically, a narrowed portion 24 is provided on the downstream side of the branch portion 22 of the purified water discharge pipe 20 . The combination of the throttle portion 24 and the electric pump 4 allows the flow rate during the filtration process to be a desired designed value.

On the other hand, since the piping during the backwashing process does not have a reduced diameter portion such as the constricted portion 24, a larger flow rate than that during the filtration process can be ensured, and the backwashing process can be performed efficiently. That is, the minimum diameter portions of the pipes used only for backwashing, the backwashing water supply pipe 80 , and the backwashing drain pipe 40 are larger than the opening of the throttle portion 24 .

In addition, the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can perform a "rinse process" for discharging foreign substances remaining in the pipes during the backwash process. This rinse process will be described with reference to FIG. The pipe for rinsing treatment includes a branch portion 26 , a rinse drain pipe 27 and a rinse drain valve 28 in the purified water discharge pipe 20 . The branch portion 26 is provided between the branch portion 22 and the purified water outlet 21 in the purified water discharge pipe 20 . The branch portion 26 branches the rinse drain pipe 27 from the purified water discharge pipe 20 . The rinse drain valve 28 opens and closes the rinse drain pipe 27 , and allows the water flowing through the purified water discharge pipe 20 to flow to the rinse drain port 29 when opened. The rinse drain valve 28 is closed during filtration and backwashing.

In the rinsing process, the chemical supply valve 14 is opened, the purified water extraction valve 23 is closed, and the backwash water supply valve 81 and the backwash valve 42 are closed. Furthermore, the rinse drain valve 28 is opened. By operating the valve in this manner, water flows as follows during the rinsing process.
Raw water inlet 11→(Raw water inflow pipe 10)→Branch portion 12→Drug supply portion 3→Branch portion 13→Filter portion 2→(Purified water discharge pipe 20)→Branch portion 22→(Throttle portion 24)→Branch portion 26→Rinse drain port 29
Immediately after the backwashing process is finished, foreign substances washed out by the backwashing of the filtration unit 2 remain in the filtration unit 2 or in the pipes of the water treatment device 1 . Therefore, the foreign matter can be discharged by the rinsing process.

Further, in the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, a direct drain pipe 70 bypassing the constricted portion 24 and a direct drain valve 71 for opening and closing the direct drain pipe 70 are provided. Since the narrowed portion 24 is a portion with a reduced pipe diameter, it is easily clogged with foreign matter. Therefore, it is preferable to open the direct drain valve 71 and flow the contaminants while bypassing the constricted portion 24, which is the smallest diameter portion, during the backwashing process for discharging the contaminants.

Further, depending on the degree of contamination of the raw water, it may be better to drain the raw water as it is without passing it through the filtering unit 2 . In such a case, it is preferable to open the direct drain valve 71 . For example, when well water is used as raw water, the degree of contamination of the accumulated well water is large immediately after the water treatment apparatus 1 is installed, and if the filtration treatment (passing through the filtration unit 2) is performed as it is, the desired purification performance cannot be obtained, and foreign matter is removed. The contained water flows out from the purified water outlet 21. - 特許庁Therefore, the initial raw water immediately after installation should be discharged as it is without being filtered. That is, by opening the backwashing water supply valve 81 and the rinse drain valve 28 and closing the chemical supply valve 14 and the purified water extraction valve 23, the raw water taken into the system does not pass through the filtration unit 2 and the chemical supply unit 3. Can be drained directly. Also in this case, it is preferable to open the direct drain valve 71 .

In addition, by opening the backwashing water supply valve 81 and the purified water extraction valve 23 and closing the chemical supply valve 14 and the rinse drain valve 28, the raw water introduced into the system does not pass through the filtration unit 2 and the chemical supply unit 3. It can also be taken out directly.

(Filtration, backwashing action)
Filtration processing and backwashing processing in the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described with the above configuration (FIGS. 2 to 5).

As described above, during the filtration process, the chemical supply valve 14 and the purified water extraction valve 23 are opened, and the backwash water supply valve 81 and the backwash valve 42 are closed. When the electric pump 4 is operated, the raw water sent through the raw water inflow pipe 10 is added with chemicals in the chemical supply section 3 and flows into the filtration section 2 . After passing through the upper strainer 2f, the raw water passes from the upper side to the lower side of the filter medium 2a. Finally, after flowing into the lower strainer 2e, the treated water passes through the outlet pipe 2d, exits the filtration unit 2, and is obtained from the purified water discharge pipe 20.

Inside the filtration part 2, the suspended solids are first captured by the upper activated carbon layer, and the aggregation of metal ions is promoted. The manganese sand layer in the middle layer mainly captures the aggregates of metal ions aggregated in the upper layer.

On the other hand, during the backwashing process, the chemical supply valve 14 and the purified water extraction valve 23 are closed, and the backwashing water supply valve 81 and the backwashing valve 42 are opened. When the electric pump 4 is operated, the raw water flows from the branch portion 12 back through the backwashing water pipe 80 and back through the purified water discharge pipe 20 to flow into the filtration portion 2 . In the filtering section 2, the raw water flows downward through the lead-out pipe 2d and enters the tank 2b through the lower strainer. Raw water flows from bottom to top in the tank 2b. At that time, by stirring and developing the activated carbon in the upper layer, the suspended solids and aggregates collected by the filter medium 2a are separated from the filter medium 2a, and are discharged from the connection port of the raw water inflow pipe 10 to the outside of the filtration unit 2. Eject it.

(Drug supply unit)
Next, the drug supply unit 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 7 and 8. FIG.

The chemical supply unit 3 is arranged at the top of the water treatment device 1 . That is, the chemical supply unit 3 is provided at the upper portion of the raw water inflow pipe 10 that rises upward from the raw water inlet 11 . Further, a pipe from the outlet (medical solution outlet 32 ) of the drug supply unit 3 extends downward and is connected to the filtering unit 2 via the branch 13 . The drug supply unit 3 has an inflow channel 31, a drug channel 32, a bypass channel 33, and an outflow channel 34, which will be described later in detail. The inflow path 31 is connected to the raw water inflow pipe 10 and allows the raw water to flow into the drug supply section 3 . The drug channel 32 branches off from the inflow channel 31 and dissolves the drug. A bypass channel 33 is also branched from the inflow channel 31 and provided to adjust the concentration of the chemical solution to a required level. The outflow channel 34 merges with the drug channel 32 and the bypass channel 33 and is again connected to the raw water inflow pipe 10 to send out raw water containing the drug to the raw water inflow pipe 10 .

The drug channel 32 is formed inside a drug section 50 having a cylindrical housing 51 . The housing 51 has a bowl-shaped base 51a provided at the bottom and an upper cover 51b covering the base 51a. More specifically, the housing 51 has a truncated cone shape whose diameter decreases toward the top. The inflow path 31, the bypass path 33, and the outflow path 34 are connected to the base 51a, and are branched (branching portion 35) inside the base 51a. At the branching portion 35 , raw water that has flowed in from the inflow channel 31 is branched into a drug channel 32 , an outflow channel 34 and a bypass channel 33 . The drug path 32 includes an ejection tube 52 that rises in the vertical direction after branching, a drug placement portion 53 that contacts the drug at the upper portion of the ejection tube 52 and elutes the drug, and an outer periphery of the ejection tube 52. 51 and a collection unit 54 inside. The drug solution (raw water containing the drug) made in the drug channel 32 is sent to the outflow channel 34 through a recovery opening 55 that communicates the recovery part 54 and the outflow channel 34 .

The upper portion of the ejection tube 52, that is, the outer diameter of the ejection tube 52 in the drug loading section 53 has a larger diameter than the lower portion, so that a desired amount of the drug can be held. Further, by reducing the outer diameter of the lower portion of the ejection pipe 52, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the recovery portion 54 is ensured.

After being branched at the branching portion 35, the bypass channel 33 joins the outlet side of the outflow channel 34 in the raw water state (joining portion 36).

The raw water flowing through the outflow channel 34 is branched at the branching portion 35 and then joined with the drug solution produced in the drug channel 32 at the recovery opening 55 . Furthermore, downstream of the outflow channel 34 , it merges with the bypass channel 33 at the confluence portion 36 , becomes a drug solution with a desired concentration, and is delivered from the drug supply portion 3 .

That is, the raw water that has flowed into the drug supply unit 3 is branched into the drug channel 32 , the bypass channel 33 and the outflow channel 34 at the branching part 35 . This branching adjusts the flow rate of the drug passage 32 and adjusts the amount of contact between the drug and raw water, which will be described later. Therefore, the raw water that has come into contact with the drug in the drug channel 32 becomes a drug solution with a desired concentration. Next, the raw water that has passed through the chemical channel 32 joins the raw water flowing through the outflow channel 34 at the recovery opening 55 . The raw water in the outflow channel 34, which is branched at a desired ratio at the branching part 35, merges with the drug solution in the drug channel 32, which is also adjusted to have a desired concentration and flow rate, at the recovery opening 55, resulting in a drug solution having a desired concentration. . Although the raw water flowing through the bypass 33 is merged at the junction 36 , the concentration of the drug after the junction 36 should be checked to adjust the flow rate of the bypass 33 .

The ejection tube 52 is a small-diameter conduit, and is erected with a drug-mounting portion 53 on the upper portion thereof. The ejection tube 52 supports the drug placement section 53 inside the housing 51 . As a result, the drug placement section 53 is fixed at a position higher than the center of the housing 51 . The drug loading section 53 has a dish-like or box-like shape with an open top. The bottom portion of the medicine mounting portion 53 is provided with an opening, is connected to the ejection pipe 52 , and communicates the ejection pipe 52 with the inside of the medicine mounting portion 53 . The horizontal diameter of the ejection tube 52 at the height of the drug placement portion 53 is larger than the diameter of the lower portion of the ejection tube 52 . First, by reducing the diameter of the lower portion of the ejection pipe 52 and providing the drug placement portion 53 in the upper portion of the ejection pipe 52, it is possible to bring raw water into contact with the drug at a desired flow rate. The medicine placement part 53 has a size for securing the amount (number) of the medicine to be placed so as to obtain the desired concentration of the medicine with respect to the flow rate of the raw water.

The liquid medicine in which the medicine is dissolved flows out to the inside of the housing 51 , that is, the collecting part 54 from the mounting part outlet 58 provided on the side of the ejection tube 52 on the side of the medicine mounting part 53 . In the recovery unit 54 , the drug solution in which the drug is dissolved is accumulated in the lower part (base 51 a ) of the housing 51 and then flows out from the recovery opening 55 to the outflow path 34 . Since the diameter of the ejection pipe 52 is made small and the distance from the inner wall surface of the housing 51 is secured, the liquid level of the raw water in which the drug is dissolved that flows down into the housing 51 is raised to the height of the housing 51. , can be reduced to about 1/2 or less. By accumulating the chemical liquid in the housing 51 at a desired depth, the mixing ratio of the chemical liquid with the raw water in the outflow passage 34 is adjusted.

In addition, when the housing 51 is filled with the liquid medicine in the operating state, the elution amount of the drug placed on the drug mounting portion 53 increases, and the liquid medicine having the desired concentration cannot be obtained. Alternatively, the drug may dissolve away. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the liquid level in the housing 51 low.

The medicine loading section 53 is provided with a solid medicine, namely a water-soluble solid medicine 60 . As the water-soluble solid medicine 60, tablets and granules are preferably used. This is because the surface area of the water-soluble solid drug 60 can be increased and a stable solvent concentration can be maintained. Tablets with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 10 to 20 mm may be used, and granules with a diameter of 5 mm to 15 mm may be used. If the size of the water-soluble solid medicine 60 is small, adjacent medicines come into contact with water at the same time and stick to each other. If it sticks, only the lower portion of the chemical will come into contact with the water, making it impossible to obtain the desired concentration of chemical. Alternatively, if the size of the water-soluble solid medicine 60 is small, the contact area with the water supplied from the ejection pipe 52 becomes large, making it impossible to obtain the desired concentration of the medicine. Therefore, the water-soluble solid drug 60 having the size described above is used to supply the drug solution with the desired concentration.

In the present embodiment, the drug placement section 53 is provided with a guide (not shown) so that the water-soluble solid drug 60 in the form of a tablet can be held vertically. That is, the guide has a rail shape elongated in the vertical direction, and the water-soluble solid medicines 60 are held as if they were vertically stacked by putting the water-soluble solid medicines 60 between the two rails. Therefore, the water-soluble solid medicine 60 is dissolved into raw water from below, and a desired concentration of the medicine is obtained.

Further, the water-soluble solid drug 60 functions to oxidize metal ions contained in the raw water to form aggregates that are sparingly soluble in water, as described above. Various oxidizing agents can be used as the water-soluble solid chemical 60. During operation, that is, when the chemical is added to raw water, the water-soluble solid chemical 60 should be easily soluble in water. In addition, it is preferable that the drug retains its solid shape and does not flow out from the drug loading section 53 during stoppage or backwashing, that is, when addition of the drug is suspended. In this embodiment, trichloroisocyanuric acid is used.

Since each member of the drug supply unit 3 may be in contact with the drug for a long time, it is better to select a material with low reactivity to the drug, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene). . On the other hand, since the ejection tube 52 requires strength to support the drug mounting portion 53, the material of the ejection tube 52 is vinyl chloride or ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), which is stronger than PP, considering compatibility with the drug. etc. is preferably selected. The outer diameter of the ejection pipe 52 is preferably suppressed to 1/4 or less of the inner diameter of the base 51a. As described above, a space (recovery section 54) for temporarily storing the solution discharged from the placement section outlet 58 after drug supply can be provided outside the ejection tube 52. This is because it is possible to prevent the drug from rising and reaching the drug placement section 53 . For example, when the inner diameter of the base 51a is 130 mm, it is preferable to use a PVC pipe having an outer diameter of about 25 to 40 mm. In other words, the outer diameter of the ejection pipe 52 should be ⅓ or less of the inner diameter of the housing 51 . By reducing the outer diameter of the ejection pipe 52 in this manner, a large horizontal cross-sectional area of the recovery portion 54, that is, the surface area of the chemical liquid accumulated in the recovery portion 54 can be ensured. Therefore, the liquid level of the liquid medicine accumulated in the collection part 54 is kept low, and as a result, the elution amount of the drug can be appropriately set, and the liquid medicine having the desired concentration can be obtained. In this embodiment, the upper cover 51b has a truncated cone shape, and the base 51a has a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom.

Further, the ejection pipe 52 is provided with a partition plate 56 that partitions the inside of the ejection pipe 52 into upper and lower parts. A drug placement portion 53 is provided on the partition plate 56 , and the water-soluble solid drug 60 is placed on the drug placement portion 53 . The partition plate 56 is provided with a mounting portion inlet 57 into which the raw water sent from the ejection pipe 52 flows. The receiver entrance 57 is provided near the center of the partition plate 56, but it does not have to be at the center. Moreover, the partition plate 56 has a mortar-shaped outer peripheral portion that is high and a vicinity of the loading portion entrance 57 that is low. The loading section entrance 57 may be formed by making the central portion of the partition plate 56 mesh. Alternatively, it may be at least one doughnut-shaped slit or a plurality of small holes formed so as to surround the central portion of the partition plate 56 . In addition, the ejection pipe 52 has a mounting portion outlet 58 on the side thereof through which the raw water containing the dissolved medicine flows out. The receiver outlet 58 is provided at a position higher than the top of the outer periphery of the partition plate 56 . The water-soluble solid drug 60 is arranged on the partition plate 56 between the receiver inlet 57 and receiver outlet 58 in the radial direction.

According to such a configuration, the water-soluble solid drug 60 is arranged near the center of the mortar-shaped partition plate 56 . The raw water sent from the ejection pipe 52 enters from the placement section inlet 57, contacts the water-soluble solid drug 60 placed near the center, dissolves the water-soluble solid drug 60, and becomes a drug solution. The raw water in which the drug is dissolved rises upward and flows out from the receiver outlet 58 into the housing 51 of the drug supply section 3 . At this time, since the water-soluble solid medicine 60 is arranged between the mounting portion inlet 57 and the mounting portion outlet 58 both in the radial direction and the vertical direction, it is inevitably brought into contact with the raw water and becomes a chemical solution. It flows out from the outlet 58 . Further, the degree of contact of the water-soluble solid medicine 60 can be ensured with respect to a predetermined flow rate, and the medicine can be made to have a desired concentration range.

Further, according to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the water-soluble solid medicine 60 above the placement section outlet 58 from being saturated with water, so that the water-soluble solid medicine 60 can be prevented from adhering to each other or to the wall surface. It is possible. Since sticking can be prevented, when the water-soluble solid medicine 60 in the lower layer dissolves and disappears, the solid medicine in the upper part descends due to gravity, and the solid medicine 60 in the lower layer can be supplied. That is, it is possible to keep the water-soluble solid drug 60 and the raw water in contact continuously. Further, it is possible to stabilize the drug concentration even when the drug supply device is used for a long period of time.

In addition, the outer wall surface of the ejection tube 52 and the drug mounting portion 53 is formed below the mounting portion outlet 58 by an angle between the outer wall surface and a straight line drawn vertically downward from an arbitrary position on the outer wall surface ( The angle α) is preferably between 0 and 45 degrees. By not narrowing the outer wall surface at a steep angle, the raw water flowing out from the loading section outlet 58 flows down along the ejection pipe 52 and the outer wall surface of the drug loading section 53, and the raw water (medicine solution) accumulated in the housing 51 flows down. ) and mix gently. Therefore, blisters are less likely to form on the liquid surface.

On the other hand, when the raw water containing the drug separates from the ejection pipe 52 and the outer wall surface of the drug loading section 53 and flows out into the air, bubbles are formed when mixed with the raw water (medicine) accumulated in the housing 51. It will be. The water bubbles fill the housing 51 and raise the apparent water level. Alternatively, since the formed water bubbles are discharged from the outflow path 34 together with the chemical solution, the air inside the housing 51 is reduced, and as a result the water level in the recovery section 54 is raised. That is, the water-soluble solid medicine 60 is soaked with water due to the increased water level, resulting in excessive dissolution of the medicine and making it impossible to obtain the desired concentration of the medicine. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the raw water flowing out from the mounting portion outlet 58 is caused to flow down along the outer wall surface of the ejection pipe 52 and the drug mounting portion 53 so as not to form blisters inside the housing 51. ing.

In addition, the drug passage 32 (ejection pipe 52), the bypass passage 33, and the outflow passage 34 are provided with throttle portions immediately after the branch portions 35 (downstream sides). This narrowing portion is provided to adjust the distribution of the raw water flowing through the drug channel 32, the bypass channel 33, and the outflow channel 34, and set the concentration of the drug in the raw water flowing out of the drug supply portion 3 to a desired concentration. The bypass 33 is provided with an opening/closing valve 33a so that the bypass 33 can be closed. The opening area of the throttle provided in the outflow passage 34 is larger than the opening area of the throttle provided in the other drug passage 32 (ejection pipe 52) and the bypass passage 33. As shown in FIG. The concentration of the drug solution flowing out from the drug supply unit 3 can be set within a desired range.

Further, the housing 51 of the medicine supply unit 3 is designed such that the upper cover 51b can be removed from the base 51a. Dirty raw water flows into the chemical supply unit 3, so periodic maintenance is required. Therefore, the inside can be cleaned by removing the upper cover 51b. Furthermore, the ejection pipe 52 can be removed at the branch portion 35 . As described above, the drug passage 32 (ejection pipe 52), the bypass passage 33, and the outflow passage 34 are each provided with a throttle on the downstream side of the branch portion 35, and depending on long-term use, foreign matter may be trapped in the throttle portion. Adhesion is possible. Therefore, the ejection pipe 52 is removed at the branch portion 35 to allow cleaning of the inside of the pipe.

Part or all of the upper cover 51b may be transparent. By making the upper cover 51b transparent, the presence of the water-soluble solid medicine 60 inside can be confirmed, and it can be replenished if necessary. In particular, the upper portion of the upper cover 51b above the liquid surface of the chemical in the housing 51 is preferably transparent. Also, the top surface of the upper cover 51b is used as a supply port for the water-soluble solid drug 60, and this supply port is preferably transparent. In addition, as described above, since the water-soluble solid medicines 60 are supported by the guide and arranged side by side, it is easy to confirm the amount to be put in from the outside.

Raw water containing dirt flows into the housing 51 of the medicine supply unit 3, so that the inside becomes dirty. However, as described above, the water surface inside the housing 51 is designed to be less than half the height of the housing 51 during operation. Further, the loading section outlet 58 is provided on the side surface of the drug loading section 53 . Therefore, since the raw water does not reach the vicinity of the top surface of the housing 51, the vicinity of the replenishment port is structured to be less likely to become dirty. That is, by making the supply port transparent, the water-soluble solid medicine 60 on the medicine loading section 53 can be easily seen.

(air supply valve)
Here, a special configuration and action at the time of backwashing will be described.

As described above, the backwash drain pipe 40 connects the backwash drain port 41 from the branch portion 13 . An air supply valve 43 is provided in the middle of the backwash drain pipe 40 and downstream of the backwash valve 42 . The air supply valve 43 has one end connected to the backwash drain pipe 40 and the other end opened to the atmosphere. The air replenishment valve 43 has a check valve structure, which allows air to flow in from the atmosphere side and prevents air from flowing out from the backwash drain pipe 40 side. Further, the air supply valve 43 has a valve structure portion that rises upward from the backwash drain pipe 40 .

In such a structure, the operation of the air supply valve 43 will be described.

During the filtration process, the backwash valve 42 is closed, and the backwash drain pipe 40 on the downstream side of the backwash valve 42 is filled with air. Then, when switching to the backwash process, the air in the backwash drain pipe 40 moves upward and supplies the air to the medicine supply section 3 . By filling the medicine supply part 3 with air, the water-soluble solid medicine 60 is exposed to the air instead of being soaked in the raw water. Therefore, the water-soluble solid drug 60 does not wastefully dissolve, and can be prevented from being dissolved and fixed.

On the other hand, the inside of the backwash drain pipe 40 is filled with drain water as the backwash process is performed. After the backwashing process is finished, air is sent from the air replenishment valve 43 into the backwash drain pipe 40 . Therefore, the backwash drain pipe 40 is filled with air at times other than the backwashing process, and the air can be sent to the chemical supply unit 3 at the time of the next backwashing process.

In addition, the air supply valve 43 is raised upward from the branch point of the backwash drain pipe 40 with respect to the backwash drain pipe 40, so that the inside of the air supply valve 43 is filled with air. It has a structure that prevents intrusion. That is, the air replenishment valve 43 is protected from dirty water, and air replenishment can be performed reliably.

Further, in the present embodiment, the air supply valve 43 is a check valve, but other types of valves may be used as long as air can be sent into the backwash drain pipe 40 . For example, a manual valve is used to send air into the backwash drain pipe 40 when the backwash process is completed, and a drain hole and plug are provided in the path of the backwash drain pipe 40 to complete the backwash process. A method of removing the plug at this point, draining the water from the backwash drain pipe 40, and filling with air may also be used.

(Filtration part arrangement)
The performance of the filtering material 2a filled in the filtering part 2 deteriorates after long-term use even if it is backwashed. Therefore, the filtering section 2 requires periodic maintenance. In order to maintain the filtering unit 2, the filtering unit 2 can be removed from the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the filtration unit 2 is viewed from a predetermined direction, piping (raw water inflow pipe 10, purified water discharge pipe 20, backwash water supply pipe 80, backwash drain pipe 40, etc.), chemical supply unit 3 are arranged separately from the filtering section 2 . That is, when the connecting joints 15 provided at the connecting portions of the filtration portion 2 and the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 are opened, the filtration portion 2 can slide and move in one direction and the opposite direction. In FIG. 11, it is possible to move in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper. For this reason, the mating connecting surface of the connecting joint 15 is provided parallel to one direction in which the filtering section 2 moves. As the connection joint 15, there is an inflow side joint provided on the raw water inflow pipe 10 side and an outflow side joint provided on the purified water discharge pipe 20 side. It is connected to the piping inside the main body.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment forms a housing by covering the outer shell with a panel in order to protect the pipes. As described above, since the filtering section 2 is movable in one direction and the opposite direction, the inspection panels 61 are the panels facing the filtering section 2 in one direction and the opposite side of the outer panel. Maintenance of the filtering unit 2 can be performed by removing both or either one of the inspection panels.

In this manner, the filtration unit 2 can be moved in parallel toward one inspection panel 61 or toward the inspection panels 61 provided at two locations facing each other, and maintenance of the filtration unit 2 can be performed in a small inspection space. It becomes possible.

In this embodiment, the filtering section 2 is movable in one direction and in the opposite direction, but it may be movable only in one direction. In that case, the connecting surface on the other side of the connecting joint (non-filtering portion 2 side) may face in one direction. That is, the connecting surface of the piping side facing the connecting joint 15 faces one direction in which the filtering unit 2 moves, or the connecting surface of the connecting joint 15 is arranged parallel to one moving direction of the filtering unit 2. It is good if it is. According to such an arrangement, the filtering section 2 can move at least in the one direction.

The water treatment device according to the present invention can supply a sufficient amount of clean backwash water for backwashing, and can be installed in a smaller space than conventional products, so it can be used for purifying well water and stored water. It is useful as a small household water treatment device, etc.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 water treatment device 2 filtration unit 2a filter medium 2b tank 2c connection valve 2d outlet pipe 2e lower strainer 2f upper strainer 3 chemical supply unit 4 electric pump 10 raw water inflow pipe 11 raw water inlet 12 branch 13 branch 14 chemical supply valve 15 connection joint 20 clean water discharge pipe 21 clean water outlet 22 branch 23 clean water take-out valve 24 restrictor 26 branch 27 rinse drain pipe 28 rinse drain valve 29 rinse drain port 31 inflow path 32 drug path 33 bypass path 33a opening/closing valve 34 outflow path 35 branch 36 confluence section 40 backwash drain pipe 41 backwash drain port 42 backwash valve 43 air supply valve 50 drug section 51 housing 51a base 51b upper cover 52 ejection pipe 53 drug placement section 54 recovery section 55 recovery opening 56 partition plate 57 Placer inlet 58 Placer outlet 60 Water-soluble solid medicine 61 Inspection panel 62 Check valve 70 Direct drain pipe 71 Direct drain valve 80 Backwash water pipe 81 Backwash water valve

Claims (5)

A water treatment device that filters raw water from a water source and extracts it as purified water,
a filtration unit containing a filter medium;
a raw water inflow pipe for inflowing raw water from the water source to the filtration unit;
a chemical supply unit that adds a chemical within the route of the raw water inflow pipe;
A purified water discharge pipe for taking out filtered treated water from the filtering unit;
a backwash drain pipe branched downward from a first branch portion between the chemical supply portion and the filtration portion in the path of the raw water inflow pipe;
Having a backwashing water pipe branched at a second branching portion between the water source and the chemical supply unit in the path of the raw water inflow pipe,
The backwash water pipe joins the purified water discharge pipe at a third branch in the route of the purified water discharge pipe,
During filtration,
The first branch part communicates the drug supply part and the filtering part,
the second branch portion communicates from the water source to the drug supply portion;
The third branch part communicates the filtering part and the terminal side of the purified water discharge pipe,
During the backwash process,
The first branch part communicates the backwash drain pipe and the filtering part,
The second branch part communicates the water source and the backwash water pipe,
A said 3rd branch part is a water treatment apparatus which connects the said backwashing water pipe and the said filtration part. The minimum diameter portion of the purified water discharge pipe is smaller than the minimum diameter portion of the backwash water supply pipe or the backwash drain pipe,
2. The water treatment device according to claim 1, which is provided on the non-filtration section side of the third branch section. 3. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a direct drain pipe bypassing said minimum diameter portion of said purified water discharge pipe. Manual valves are used to switch between the first branching portion, the second branching portion, and the third branching portion,
4. The water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the handles of all the manual valves protrude in the same direction with respect to the piping. 5. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein four two-way valves are used for switching between the first branching portion, the second branching portion, and the third branching portion.

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