JP7182557B2 - 摩耗安定粒状材料の製造のためのプロセス - Google Patents
摩耗安定粒状材料の製造のためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP7182557B2 JP7182557B2 JP2019554734A JP2019554734A JP7182557B2 JP 7182557 B2 JP7182557 B2 JP 7182557B2 JP 2019554734 A JP2019554734 A JP 2019554734A JP 2019554734 A JP2019554734 A JP 2019554734A JP 7182557 B2 JP7182557 B2 JP 7182557B2
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- particles
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- dispersion medium
- inorganic particles
- fluidized bed
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
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- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 37
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0036—Grinding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0063—Granulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Description
i)0.3と2.5g/cm3との間、好ましくは0.5と2.0g/cm3との間、最も好ましくは0.5と1g/cm3との間のゆるみかさ密度、
ii)0.1~500m2/g、好ましくは150~300m2/g、最も好ましくは150~250m2/gの範囲の比表面積、
iii)0.01~2.0cm3/g、好ましくは0.1と1cm3/gとの間の細孔容積、
iv)25Åと100000Åとの間、好ましくは25Åと500Åとの間、最も好ましくは25Åと100Åとの間の細孔半径最大値を有する単峰形または多峰形の細孔サイズ分布
の一つ、二つ以上またはすべて、好ましくは二つ以上、最も好ましくはすべてを特徴とする。
摩耗度値
摩耗度値は、”J.-F.ル・パージュ(Le Page)、J.コシンス(Cosyns)、P.クルティ(Courty)、E.フロイント(Freund)、J.-P.フランク(Frank)、Y.ジャカン(Jacquin)、B.ジュガン(Juguin)、C.マルシリ(Marcilly)、G.マルチノ(Martino)、J.ミゲル(Miquel)、R.モンタルナル(Montarnal)、A.スジエ(Sugier)、H.ファン・ランデグヘム(Van Landeghem)、「応用不均一系触媒-固体触媒の設計、製造、使用(Applied heterogeneous catalysis-Design,manufacture,use of solid catalysts)」、テクニップ版(Editions Technip)、1987年、180~181頁、6.3.3.4章に示される原理に従うことによって決定される。その場合、下記に概略が示される方法が行われる。
54gの造粒粒子が4cmの直径と40cmの高さとを有する円筒形ガラスカラム中に入れられる。カラムの底に一つのノズルと0.5mmのオリフィスとを有するノズルプレートが取り付けられる。ノズルは、ノズルプレートの中央に配置される。試料は、ノズルを通って1.5~2.5バール(ゴーシュ圧)の入口圧で流れる窒素を用いて底から流動化され、大体20cmの流動床高さを生じる。異なる造粒粒子の比較のために、同程度の流動床高さを実現するようにパラメータが選ばれる。流動化時に、造粒粒子と他の造粒粒子の壁との衝突に起因して微粉が発生する。これらの微粉は、カラムの上側出口に配置されたフィルタ上に集められる。3時間後に、フィルタ上に集められた微粉は、フィルタ(重量既知)とともに秤量された。
体積基準の真球度は、ISO 13322-2(2006年)に記載されているように、レッチ(Retsch)からのカムサイザー(Camsizer)P4を用いる動的画像解析によって決定される。体積基準の真球度は、次式
SPHT3=4πA/P2
を用いて、測定された外周長さPおよび粒子投影の面積Aから計算される。
水分散物中でMie理論を適用し、マルバーンマスターサイザー2000を用いるレーザ散乱によって分散媒中の無機粒子のD90値が測定される。Dは、直径を表す。測定される粒子は、凝塊した粒子を実質的に含まない。
周知のシェラー式を適用し、固体材料のX線回折によって分散した材料の(120)反射に基づく結晶子サイズが決定される。
クォンタクローム(Quantachrome)からのクァドラソーブ(Quadrasorb)のような典型的容積測定装置を用いるN2物理吸着によって液体窒素の温度で表面積および細孔容積が測定される。BET理論(DIN ISO 9277:2003-05)を用いて表面積が決定され、一方、DIN 66131によって細孔容積が決定される。細孔サイズ範囲は、細孔半径で0~5000nmの間である。
試料を100mlメスシリンダー中に投入した後で、試料の正確な重量と正確な体積とを決定することによって、ゆるみかさ密度が測定される(ISO 60によって)。
DIN 66133に従って、マイクロメリティックス(Micromeritics)からのポロシメ-ター、オートポア(Autopore)IV 9500を用いて水銀圧入により細孔径分布が決定される。
焼成されていない造粒アルミナ粒子の調製のために、アルミナを含む分散媒を以下のように調製した。
5nmの結晶子サイズ(120反射)を有する12kgのプーラル(Pural)SB(ベーマイト)を80kgの水に加えて分散媒を形成した。撹拌装置を備える槽に分散媒を移し、続いて1.0~1.2mmのα-(アルファ)アルミナ研削ボールを備えるアジテーターボールミル(ドライス・ヴェルケ(Drais Werke)GmbH、マンハイム、ドイツ、PMC5 TEX)を用いて湿式摩砕した。
真球度/- 0.974
摩耗の量/% 1.2
D10/μm 350
D50/μm 449
D90/μm 553
比表面積/m2/g 191
細孔容積/cm3/g 0.46
ゆるみかさ密度/g/cm3 0.78
細孔半径最大値/Å 35
摩耗安定造粒アルミナ粒子の調製のために、以下のように造粒分散物を調製した。
撹拌装置を用いて7.2nmの結晶子サイズ(120反射)を有する12kgのプーラルTM50(ベーマイト)を100kgの水中に懸濁させるステップ、続いて1.0~1.2mmのα-(アルファ)アルミナ研削ボールを備えたアジテーターボールミル(ドライス・ヴェルケGmbH、マンハイム、ドイツ、PMC5 TEX)を用いて分散物を湿式摩砕するステップ。摩砕後、ポリビニルアルコール(クラレのポバール4-88)の10重量%溶液を、ポリビニルアルコールの有機バインダーの量が用いられるベーマイトに対して5重量%となるように分散物に加えた。さらに、ギ酸を加えて分散物のpHを6の値に調節した。得られた造粒分散物は、水による希釈後、10%の無機粒子固形分と12.0μmのD90とを有した。
真球度/- 0.973
摩耗の量/% 1.5
D10/μm 387
D50/μm 499
D90/μm 600
比表面積/m2/g 188
細孔容積/cm3/g 0.73
ゆるみかさ密度/g/cm3 0.61
細孔半径最大値/Å 72Å
比較のために、欧州特許第0790859(B1)号に基づく分散媒を用いて、すなわち、湿式摩砕ステップにより分散媒中の無機粒子のサイズを選択することも分散媒中の無機粒子のサイズを調節することもなく、造粒を行った。ポリビニルアルコール(クラレのポバール4-88)の10重量%溶液を、ポリビニルアルコールの量が用いられるベーマイトに対して5重量%となるように分散媒に加えた。
真球度/- 0.941
摩耗の量/% 6.4
D10/μm 262
D50/μm 356
D90/μm 465
比表面積/m2/g 220
細孔容積/cm3/g 0.44
ゆるみかさ密度/g/cm3 0.81
細孔半径最大値/Å 27
比較のために、硝酸で酸性化した水中にプーラルSBを分散させることに基づく分散媒を用い、湿式摩砕ステップによって分散物中の粒子サイズをさらに調節することなく造粒を行った。ポリビニルアルコール(クラレのポバール4-88)の10重量%溶液を、ポリビニルアルコールの量が用いられるベーマイトに対して3重量%となるように分散物に加えた。分散媒は、23%の無機粒子固形分、3.8のpH値および22μmのD90を有した。
真球度/- 0.975
摩耗の量/% 10.2
D10/μm 233
D50/μm 309
D90/μm 388
比表面積/m2/g 233
細孔容積/cm3/g 0.38
ゆるみかさ密度/g/cm3 0.87
細孔半径最大値/Å 28
Claims (22)
- 流動床造粒反応器中で造粒粒子を製造する方法であって、分散媒中に分散した無機粒子を前記流動床造粒反応器中に供給するステップを含み、前記分散媒中の前記無機粒子は、1μmと15μmとの間のD90値を有し、前記無機粒子は、アルミナの粒子、シリカの粒子、またはそれらの混合物を含み、前記アルミナの粒子は、水和アルミナ、ベーマイト、および/またはバイヤライトを含む方法。
- 分散した前記無機粒子を中に含む前記分散媒が、前記流動床造粒反応器のプロセスチャンバ中に噴霧され、一方、加熱されたプロセス気体が前記プロセスチャンバを通って底部から頂部へ流れる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱された気体は、前記プロセスチャンバに入るとき100℃~400℃の入口温度を有する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記流動床造粒反応器中に供給される前記分散媒中の前記無機粒子の前記D90値は、1μmと10μmとの間にある、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記無機粒子の前記D 90 値は、1μmと5μmとの間にある、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記無機粒子は、アルカリ土類金属、希土類元素、白金族元素、鉄族元素、Cu、Ag、Au、Zn、Al、In、Sn、Si、P、V、Nb、Mo、W、Mn、Re、Ti、Zrの化合物、またはそれらの混合物を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物は、それらの酸化物もしくは酸化物水和物またはそれらの混合物である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記無機粒子は、アルミナの粒子であり、前記アルミナの粒子は、水和アルミナ、ベーマイト、および/またはバイヤライトを含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記無機粒子は、ベーマイトの粒子である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記分散媒は、水を含むかまたは水からなる、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記分散媒に安定剤が加えられる、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記安定剤は、ポリビニルアルコールまたは炭水化物である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記分散媒中の前記無機粒子を、前記流動床造粒反応器に入る前に、1μmと15μmとの間のD90値まで摩砕する最初のステップを含む、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記D 90 値は、前記流動床造粒反応器に入る前において、1μmと5μmとの間である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記安定剤は、前記摩砕ステップの後にのみ前記分散媒に加えられる、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 前記分散媒は、前記分散媒の合計量に対して5重量%と60重量%との間の無機粒子を含む、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記分散媒は、2と12との間のpHを有する、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 焼成ステップを含み、前記焼成は、350℃と1600℃との間の温度で30分~5時間の期間行われる、請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 5μm~200μmのD50値を有する一次粒子を含む種晶材料が、前記流動床造粒反応器中に供給される前記分散物中にさらに含まれ、および/または、前記分散物が前記流動床造粒反応器中に供給されるとき前記流動床造粒反応器中に既に存在する、のどちらかである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記一次粒子のD 50 値は、50μm~80μmである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 球形の焼成された造粒粒子であって、
100と5000μmとの間の前記造粒粒子のD50値、0.900と1.00との間の前記粒状材料の粒子の体積基準真球度、および5%より低い摩耗度値を有し、さらに、150~300m 2 /gの範囲の比表面積、および以下の特性、
i)0.3と2.5g/cm3との間のゆるみかさ密度、
ii)0.01~2.0cm3/gの間の細孔容積、または
iii)25と100000Åとの間の細孔半径最大値を有する単峰形または多峰形の細孔サイズ分布
のうちの1つ、またはすべてによって特徴づけられる、球形の焼成された造粒粒子。 - 400と1000μmとの間の前記造粒粒子のD 50 値、および2%より低い摩耗度値を有し、さらに、150~250m 2 /gの範囲の比表面積、および以下の特性、
i)0.5と1g/cm 3 との間のゆるみかさ密度、
ii)0.1と1cm 3 /gとの間の細孔容積、または
iii)25と100Åとの間の細孔半径最大値を有する単峰形または多峰形の細孔サイズ分布
のうちの1つ、またはすべてによって特徴づけられる、請求項21に記載の球形の焼成された造粒粒子。
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CN110461461A (zh) | 2019-11-15 |
RU2762462C2 (ru) | 2021-12-21 |
EP3384980A1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
KR102550130B1 (ko) | 2023-07-03 |
RU2019132245A (ru) | 2021-05-06 |
EP3606655A1 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
US20210046468A1 (en) | 2021-02-18 |
WO2018185194A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
JP2020518430A (ja) | 2020-06-25 |
US11559798B2 (en) | 2023-01-24 |
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CA3054853A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
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