JP7171160B2 - Measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bearing placed between an upper structure and a lower structure of a structure such as a bridge or building, and a technique for measuring changes in force according to the load applied to the bearing.

Conventionally, in structures such as bridges and buildings, bearing bodies (hereinafter simply referred to as bearings) are arranged between an upper structure and a lower structure. For example, in a bridge on which moving bodies such as automobiles and trains run, bearings are arranged between a bridge girder (upper structure) and a bridge pier (lower structure). A bearing is a member that supports and transfers loads from the upper structure to the lower structure. Dead loads due to the weight of bridge girders and live loads due to vehicles running on bridge girders are applied to bearings.

Recently, there has been a demand to measure the reaction force of bearings for the maintenance of structures. The reaction force of the bearing changes due to deterioration of the bearing, subsidence of the substructure, fluctuation of the substructure, and the like. That is, by measuring the reaction force of the bearing and obtaining a change in it, it is possible to determine whether or not problems such as deterioration of the bearing, subsidence of the substructure, and fluctuation of the substructure have occurred.

As a bearing capable of measuring the reaction force, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. In the bearing shown in Patent Document 1, a laminated rubber made by alternately laminating a steel plate and a rubber layer, which are composed of thick upper and lower steel plates and a plurality of thin intermediate steel plates, is added from the bridge girder side to the pier side. This rubber bearing is a load-bearing member that supports a load. The laminated rubber is provided with a plurality of measurement holes penetrating from either one of the upper and lower steel plates in the thickness direction to reach the inside of the adjacent rubber layer, and each measurement hole is filled with a viscous fluid. A pressure sensor is attached to the side portion to close the measurement hole.

Japanese Patent No. 4891891

However, the bearing described in Patent Document 1 has a process of providing a plurality of measurement holes for attaching pressure sensors to the laminated rubber, which is a load supporting member, a process of filling each measurement hole with a viscous fluid, and a process of filling each measurement hole with a pressure sensor. It is manufactured by performing a step of attaching to the steel plate side portion of the hole and a step of closing each measurement hole to which the pressure sensor is attached. That is, in the bearing described in Patent Document 1, the manufacturing process of the laminated rubber, which is the load bearing member, is complicated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a bearing that can measure a physical quantity such as a reaction force according to the applied load and that can be manufactured by a simple process.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of measuring changes in force according to the load applied to the bearing.

In order to achieve the above object, the support body of the present invention is configured as follows.

The upper shoe is secured to the upper structure of the structure and the lower shoe is secured to the lower structure of the structure. The load bearing member is disposed between the upper and lower shoes to support loads applied from the upper structure side of the structure. In addition, the sensor measures a target distance that changes according to a change in the distance between the upper and lower shoes in the direction in which the upper and lower shoes overlap each other with the load supporting member interposed therebetween.

The target distance that changes according to the change in the distance between the upper and lower shoes is
(1) the distance between the upper and lower structures, (2) the distance between the lower and upper structures, (3) the distance between the upper and lower shoes, and (4) the distance between the upper and lower shoes.

A change in the distance between the upper and lower shoes is a change in strain on the load bearing member. Therefore, by using the object distance measured by the sensor and the Young's modulus E of the load bearing member, the reaction force of the bearing (load bearing member) can be calculated.

Therefore, by continuously or periodically measuring the target distance that changes according to the change in the distance between the upper shoe and the lower shoe by the sensor, it is possible to obtain the change in the reaction force of the support body. By using the obtained change in the reaction force of the bearing body, maintenance and management of the structure can be performed simply and appropriately.

In addition, if the sensor can measure the target distance that changes according to the change in the distance between the upper shoe and the lower shoe, it can be used for any of the upper shoe, the lower shoe, the upper structure of the structure, or the lower structure of the structure. may be installed.

In particular, if the sensor is attached to one of the upper and lower shoes, and the object to be detected by the sensor is attached to the other of the upper and lower shoes, the upper and lower shoes can be detected in a state where no load is applied to the bearing. It is possible to measure the reference value of the target distance that changes according to the change in the distance to. Using this reference value, it is also possible to obtain the magnitude of the dead load due to the superstructure of the structure when installed between the superstructure and substructure of the structure.

Note that the number of sensors may be one or plural. When the number of sensors is plural, it is preferable to attach them on both sides of the load bearing member.

Further, the measuring device of the present invention calculates the change in the reaction force of the support body from the measurement value of the target distance which changes according to the change in the distance between the upper shoe and the lower shoe by the sensor.

Further, according to the measuring method of the present invention, it is possible to easily measure the object distance that changes according to the change in the distance between the upper shoe and the lower shoe by the sensor.

According to the present invention, it is possible to simplify the manufacturing process of a bearing body capable of measuring the physical quantity applied to the reaction force or the like according to the applied load.

In addition, it is possible to easily measure the physical quantity applied to the reaction force or the like according to the load applied to the bearing.

It is a schematic sectional view of the bridge axis direction of an elevated road bridge. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elevated road bridge in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. FIG. 3(A) is a schematic plan view of the bearing viewed in the direction of the bridge axis, and FIG. 3(B) is a cross-sectional view along line AA in FIG. 3(A). 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 3A. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a bearing according to another example; FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing other examples of bearings. FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a bearing according to another example. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a monitoring system; FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the principal part of a reaction force measuring device. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of main parts of the management device; FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation|movement of a reaction force measuring device. It is a figure which shows the measurement data memorize|stored in a memory|storage part. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between measurement time and amount of change ΔR in reaction force R of a bearing; It shows the maximum value of the change amount ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1 . 4 is a diagram showing the frequency of variation ΔR of reaction force R of bearing 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the procedure of a reaction force measuring method.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. First, an embodiment of a support body (hereinafter simply referred to as a support) will be described.

A bearing is a member that is placed between the superstructure and the substructure of a structure such as a bridge or building to support the load of the superstructure. The bearings damp vibrations of the upper structure and transmit them to the lower structure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an elevated road bridge (bridge), which is a structure, in a bridge axis direction (vehicle running direction). FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elevated road bridge in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (the width direction of the vehicle). In the elevated highway bridge, bearings 1 are arranged between piers 100, which are the lower structure, and main girders 101, which are the upper structure. The bridge piers 100 are arranged at proper intervals in the bridge axis direction. In the upper structure, a road surface, side walls, etc. on which automobiles run are formed on a floor slab provided on the upper surface (opposite side of the pier side) of the main girder 101 . The bearing 1 supports the load of the superstructure including the main girder 101 . The bearing 1 supports a dead load due to the weight of the upper structure and a live load due to vibration due to the weight of the vehicle traveling on the road surface and the relative displacement of the upper structure with respect to the lower structure. In this example, as shown in FIG. 2, three bearings 1 are fixed to the upper surface of the bridge pier 100 (the surface facing the main girder 101) in a line perpendicular to the bridge axis.

FIG. 3(A) is a schematic plan view of the bearing viewed in the direction of the bridge axis, and FIG. 3(B) is a cross-sectional view along line AA in FIG. 3(A). 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 3A. The bearing 1 includes a lower shoe 2, an upper shoe 3, a base plate 4, a load bearing member 5, proximity sensors 10, 11, and mounting hardware 20, 21.

In the bearing 1, the upper shoe 3, the load bearing member 5, the lower shoe 2, and the base plate 4 are stacked in this order from the main girder 101 side.

The upper shoe 3 is fixed to the main girder 101 . The base plate 4 is fixed to the bridge pier 100 with anchor bolts (not shown) or the like. The shoe 2 is attached to the base plate 4 . That is, the lower shoe 2 is fixed to the bridge pier 100 via the base plate 4 . Some bearings 1 have the lower shoe 2 and the base plate 4 made up of separate members, while others have the lower shoe 2 and the base plate 4 made up of one member. The bearing 1 may comprise the lower shoe 2 and the base plate 4 as separate members, or may comprise the lower shoe 2 and the base plate 4 as a single member. Further, the lower shoe 2 is formed with a concave portion (hollow) on the side opposite to the pier 100 (the side opposite to the main girder 101).

The end of the load bearing member 5 on the side of the bridge pier 100 is inserted into the concave portion of the lower shoe 2 , and the end on the side of the main girder 101 protrudes from the concave portion of the lower shoe 2 . The load bearing member 5 and the upper shoe 3 are in contact with each other on opposite surfaces. A load bearing member 5 is positioned between the lower shoe 2 and the upper shoe 3, and the lower shoe 2 and the upper shoe 3 are not in contact with each other. The load supporting member 5 is a member that supports horizontal force (horizontal load) due to relative displacement between the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 in the horizontal direction (the direction of the bridge axis or the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis), or the It consists of members that support force (vertical load).

The bearing 1 may be provided with a side block (not shown) that limits the amount of relative displacement between the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 in the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, the bearing 1 in this example has two proximity sensors 10 , 11 attached to the shoe 2 . The proximity sensors 10 and 11 may be any sensor capable of non-contact measurement of the distance from the detection surfaces of the proximity sensors 10 and 11 to the object to be detected (corresponding to the object distance referred to in the present invention). There may be. For the proximity sensors 10 and 11, for example, sensors described in https://www.fa.omron.co.jp/products/family/1457/ may be used.

The proximity sensors 10 and 11 are attached to both sides of the bearing 1 with the load bearing member 5 interposed therebetween. The proximity sensors 10 and 11 are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. The proximity sensors 10 and 11 are attached to mounting metal fittings 20 and 21 provided on the lower shoe 2 . The mounting brackets 20 and 21 are fixed to the lower shoe 2 . The proximity sensors 10 and 11 measure the distance from the detection surface to the facing surface of the main girder 101 . Detection surfaces of the proximity sensors 10 and 11 face the bottom surface of the main girder 101 . The proximity sensors 10, 11 in this example measure the distance between the lower shoe 2 and the upper structure (main girder 101).

In the bearing 1, the load bearing member 5 is distorted by applying a load from the upper structure side. Therefore, when the load applied to the bearing 1 from the superstructure side changes, the strain amount of the load bearing member 5 changes, and as a result, the distance between the facing surfaces of the pier 100 and the main girder 101 changes. The amount of change in the distance between the facing surfaces of the bridge pier 100 and the main girder 101 is the same as the amount of change in the distance between the lower shoe 2 and the upper structure (main girder 101). Also, the amount of change in the distance between the facing surfaces of the pier 100 and the main girder 101 and the amount of change in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 are the same. That is, the amount of change in the distance between the lower shoes 2 and the upper structure (main girder 101) measured by the proximity sensors 10 and 11 is the amount of change in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoes 3 and 2.

The reaction force measuring device 50, which will be described later, measures the amount of change Δx in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 as
Δx=(Δx1+Δx2)/2
Calculated by Δx1 is the amount of change in the distance from the detection surface of the proximity sensor 10 to the facing surface of the main girder 101,
Δx1=reference distance of proximity sensor 10−measured distance of proximity sensor 10. Δx2 is the amount of change in the distance from the detection surface of the proximity sensor 11 to the facing surface of the main girder 101,
Δx2=reference distance of proximity sensor 11−measured distance of proximity sensor 11. The reference distances of the proximity sensors 10 and 11 may be the distances measured by the proximity sensors 10 and 11 when the bearing 1 is installed. Further, as described above, the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are mounted side by side in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis with the load supporting member 5 interposed therebetween. Then, the average of the amount of change Δx1 in the distance from the detection surface of the proximity sensor 10 to the facing surface of the main girder 101 and the amount of change Δx2 in the distance from the detection surface of the proximity sensor 11 to the facing surface of the main girder 101 is calculated as above. It is calculated as the amount of change Δx in the distance between the facing surfaces of the shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 . Therefore, in the amount of change Δx in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2, the difference in the amount of change in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis (Δx1 and Δx2) can be canceled.

Thus, the bearing 1 can measure the amount of change Δx in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 . Further, when the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 is shortened by Δx, the amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R of the load supporting member 5 is
ΔR=E×Δx
is. where E is the Young's modulus of the load bearing member 5; That is, this bearing 1 can also measure changes in the reaction force R of the load bearing member 5 .

Also, the distances measured by the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are not particularly limited as long as they change according to the change in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 . For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the proximity sensors 10 and 11 may be attached to the upper shoe 3 to measure the distance between the sensing surfaces of the proximity sensors 10 and 11 and the opposing surface of the base plate 4. FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 6A, the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are attached to the lower shoe 2, and the detection objects 30 and 31 facing the detection surfaces of the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are attached to the upper shoe 3, and the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are attached to the upper shoe 3. The distance between the detection surfaces of the sensors 10 and 11 and the facing surfaces of the detection targets 30 and 31 may be measured. Further, as shown in FIG. 6(B), the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are attached to the upper shoe 3, and the detection objects 30 and 31 facing the detection surfaces of the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are attached to the lower shoe 2. The distance between the detection surfaces of the sensors 10 and 11 and the facing surfaces of the detection targets 30 and 31 may be measured.

Also, the number of proximity sensors attached to the bearing 1 and their arrangement are not particularly limited. For example, the bearing 1 may have two proximity sensors 10, 11 attached as shown in FIG. 7A, or four proximity sensors 10, 11, 12, 13 attached may be configured to be attached as shown in .

5 and 6 are views viewed from the same direction as FIG. 3A, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in the direction corresponding to FIG. 4B.

Next, an embodiment of a reaction force measuring device (corresponding to a measuring device referred to in this invention) will be described. Here, the bearing 1 shown in FIG. 3 is taken as an example.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a monitoring system using the reaction force measuring device according to this example. This monitoring system includes a plurality of reaction force measurement devices 50 and a management device 60 . Each reaction force measuring device 50 is communicably connected to a management device 60 via a network 70 . In this example, the reaction force measuring device 50 and the bearing 1 are associated on a one-to-one basis. The reaction force measuring device 50 calculates the reaction force of the associated bearing 1 (load supporting member 5 ) and notifies the management device 60 of the calculation result via the network 70 .

The management device 60 is installed in a management office or the like that manages the state of the bridge. A manager checks the state of each bearing 1 using the management device 60 .

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main part of the reaction force measuring device. The reaction force measuring device 50 includes a control section 51 , a sensor processing section 52 , a storage section 53 and a communication section 54 .

The control unit 51 controls the operation of each part of the reaction force measuring device 50 main body.

The proximity sensors 10 and 11 of the bearing 1 are connected to the sensor processing section 52 . The sensor processing unit 52 receives measurement signals from the proximity sensors 10 and 11 (measured distance from the detection surface to the opposing surface). The proximity sensors 10 and 11 measure the distance from the detection surface to the facing surface of the main girder 101 as described above. The sensor processing unit 52 processes measurement signals input from the proximity sensors 10 and 11 connected to each of the proximity sensors 10 and 11, and a processing circuit ( In this example, two processing circuits) are provided. The sensor processing section 52 has an input section and a calculation section according to the present invention.

The storage unit 53 stores reference distances of the proximity sensors 10 and 11, measurement data, and the like.

The communication unit 54 controls communication with the management device 60 via the network 70 and transmits measurement data stored in the storage unit 53 to the management device 60 .

Each reaction force measuring device 50 is given an identification code for identifying itself. As described above, since the reaction force measuring device 50 and the bearing 1 are associated on a one-to-one basis, the corresponding bearing 1 can be identified from the identification code of the reaction force measuring device 50 .

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main part of the management device. The management device 60 includes a control section 61 , an operation section 62 , a display section 63 , a storage section 64 and a communication section 65 .

The control unit 61 controls the operation of each unit of the main body of the management device 60 .

Input devices such as a mouse and a keyboard are connected to the operation unit 62 . The operator performs an input operation on the main body of the management device 60 by operating an input device connected to the operation unit 62 . The operation unit 62 accepts input to the main body of the management device 60 .

A display device such as a liquid crystal display is connected to the display unit 63 . The display unit 63 controls screen display on the connected display device.

The storage unit 64 stores various parameters and the like used for controlling the operation of the main body of the management device 60 .

The communication unit 65 controls communication with the reaction force measuring device 50 via the network 70 .

The operation of the reaction force measuring device 50 will be described below.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing the operation of the reaction force measuring device. The reaction force measuring device 50 repeats the measurement value of the distance from the detection surface to the facing surface of the main girder 101 measured by the proximity sensors 10 and 11 at a predetermined measurement time interval a (for example, 20 msec intervals). get. When the reaction force measuring device 50 acquires the measurement value of the distance from the detection surface to the facing surface of the main girder 101 measured by the proximity sensors 10 and 11 (s1), the facing surface of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 A change amount Δx in the distance between is calculated (s2).

The amount of change Δx in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 is, as described above,
Δx=(Δx1+Δx2)/2
is. Also, Δx1 and Δx2 are
Δx1=reference distance of proximity sensor 10−measured distance of proximity sensor 10 Δx2=reference distance of proximity sensor 11−measured distance of proximity sensor 11

The reaction force measuring device 50 stores the reference distance of the proximity sensor 10 and the reference distance of the proximity sensor 11 in the storage unit 53 .

The reaction force measuring device 50 calculates the change amount ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1 using the change amount Δx of the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 calculated in s2 (s3). The amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R is
ΔR=E×Δx
is. where E is the Young's modulus of the load bearing member 5;

The reaction force measuring device 50 measures the measurement time, the distance from the detection surface measured by the proximity sensors 10 and 11 to the facing surface of the main girder 101 at s1, and the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 calculated at s2. A record (current measurement results) in which the variation Δx of the distance and the variation ΔR of the reaction force R of the load supporting member 5 calculated in s3 are associated is additionally registered in the measurement data (s4), and the process returns to s1.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing measurement data stored in a storage unit. FIG. 12 shows an example in which the measurement time interval a is set to 20 msec. In FIG. 12, Sa# (#=1, 2, 3 . It is the measured distance to the surface. Also, ave# is the amount of change Δx in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 calculated in s2. ΔR# is the change amount ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1 calculated in s3.

Further, the reaction force measurement device 50 transmits the measurement data stored in the storage unit 53 by the communication unit 54 to the management device 60 at a predetermined notification timing. This notification timing may be set every day or every few hours.

The management device 60 receives the measurement data transmitted from the reaction force measurement device 50 by the communication unit and stores the data in the storage unit 64 .

In addition, the management device 60 processes the measurement data stored in the storage unit 64 (the measurement data transmitted from the reaction force measurement device 50) according to the operator's input operation on the operation unit 62, and the processing result is is displayed on the display unit 63 .

For example, the management device 60 performs processing for displaying the relationship between the measurement time and the amount of change ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1 on the display unit 63 according to the operator's input operation on the operation unit 62 . FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the measurement time and the amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R of the bearing. In FIG. 13 , the horizontal axis is the measurement time, and the vertical axis is the amount of change ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1 . In FIG. 13 , the point where the amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R of the bearing 1 is large is the timing at which the axle load of the running vehicle is applied to the bearing 1 . The amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R of the bearing 1 changes according to the magnitude of the live load.

The reaction force measuring device 50 can also obtain the magnitude of the live load (for example, the axle load of a running vehicle) from the amount of change ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1 . The magnitude of the live load is
Live load = ΔR x A/H
It can be calculated by However, A is the area where the load bearing member 5 is pressed by the upper shoe 3 (contact area between the upper shoe 3 and the load bearing member 5). Further, H is the length (height) of the load bearing member 5 in the vertical direction (direction in which the upper shoes 3 and the lower shoes 2 are arranged).

Further, the reaction force measuring device 50 may display the data shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. FIG. 14 shows the maximum value of the variation ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1. In FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the frequency of the amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R of the bearing 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a graph plotting the maximum value of the change amount ΔR of the reaction force R of the bearing 1 within each detection time, for example, when the detection time interval is set to 5 minutes or 10 minutes.

6, the distance between the detection surface and the detection object 30, which is measured by the proximity sensor 10 when no load is applied to the support 1, is the reference of the proximity sensor 10. By setting the distance between the detection surface and the detection object 31 measured by the proximity sensor 11 as the reference distance of the proximity sensor 11, the reaction force R of the bearing 1 due to the dead load (the load of the superstructure) can be calculated as Obtainable.

Further, even with the bearing 1 attached to the existing bridge, the amount of change ΔR of the reaction force R can be measured for this bearing 1 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16, for the bearing 1 that measures the amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R, the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are set to detect changes in the distance between the facing surfaces of the upper shoe 3 and lower shoe 2. It is installed so as to measure the object distance which changes accordingly (s11). Also, the proximity sensors 10 and 11 are connected to the reaction force measuring device 50 (s12). Then, the reaction force measuring device 50 is caused to execute the processing shown in FIG.

As a result, the amount of change ΔR in the reaction force R can be measured for the bearing 1 attached to the existing bridge as well.

In this case, the distances measured by the proximity sensors 10 and 11 at the timing when the live load is not applied to the bearing 1 may be set as the reference distances of the proximity sensors 10 and 11 .

In this way, in the direction in which the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2 overlap each other with the load supporting member 5 interposed therebetween, the distance to be measured changes according to the change in the distance between the upper shoe 3 and the lower shoe 2. By a simple method of providing the sensors 10 and 11, it is possible to measure the physical quantity applied to the reaction force or the like according to the applied load.

Reference Signs List 1 Bearing 2 Lower shoe 3 Upper shoe 4 Base plate 5 Load supporting members 10 to 13 Proximity sensors 20, 21 Mounting brackets 30, 31 Object to be detected 50 Reaction force measuring device 51 Control unit 52 Sensor processing unit 53 Storage unit 54 Communication unit 100 Pier 101 Main girder

Claims (6)

an upper shoe fixed to the superstructure of the bridge;
a shoe fixed to the substructure of the bridge;
a load supporting member disposed between the upper shoe and the lower shoe and supporting a load applied from the upper structure side of the bridge;
a sensor that measures a target distance that changes according to a change in the distance between the upper shoe and the lower shoe in the direction in which the upper shoe and the lower shoe overlap with the load supporting member interposed therebetween;
an input unit for inputting the target distance measured by the sensors of the bearing body in which the sensors are attached on both sides in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis across the load bearing member;
and a computing unit that processes the target distance input to the input unit and computes a change in force according to the load applied to the load supporting member. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is attached to either the upper shoe or the lower shoe. 2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is attached to one of the upper shoe and the lower shoe, and measures a distance to a measurement object attached to the other of the upper shoe and the lower shoe. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the calculating section calculates the amount of change in the reaction force of the load supporting member. A force corresponding to the load applied to the load-bearing members for the bearings placed between the upper structure and the lower structure of the bridge, in which upper shoes, load-bearing members, and lower shoes are stacked in order from the upper-structure side. A measuring method for measuring
a sensor for measuring a target distance that changes according to a change in the distance between the upper shoe and the lower shoe in the direction in which the upper shoe and the lower shoe overlap with the load supporting member interposed therebetween; Installed on both sides of the bridge axis perpendicular to the member,
A measuring method, wherein a computing unit processes the target distance measured by the sensor and computes the magnitude of the force according to the load applied to the load supporting member. 6. The measuring method according to claim 5 , wherein said calculation unit calculates the amount of change in the reaction force of said load supporting member.

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