JP6933598B2 - Solid insulation type vacuum switch - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a solid-insulated vacuum switch.

The switch mounted on the railroad vehicle is arranged on the roof or under the floor of the railroad vehicle. The dimensions of the switch, especially the height and width, are restricted from the viewpoints of reducing air resistance, vehicle height when passing through a tunnel, restrictions on space on the roof or under the floor, and the like.

As a switch that can be miniaturized, a solid-insulated vacuum switch as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 is known.

The switch described in Patent Document 1 surrounds a contact pressure spring mechanism and a contact pressure spring mechanism arranged close to a connection portion between a vacuum valve, a movable operation shaft, and a movable conductor of the movable operation shaft. It has a conductive box, and a vacuum valve and a conductive box for electric field relaxation are molded with an insulator.

Further, in the switch of Patent Document 2, a grounding layer is provided on the outer periphery of the insulating layer provided around the vacuum valve.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-69345 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-21939

In the switch described in Patent Document 1, when other devices are arranged around the switch, an insulation distance is required, so that the installation space for various devices including the switch increases.

Further, in the switch described in Patent Document 2, since the outer periphery of the insulating layer is grounded, the insulation distance from the peripheral device can be suppressed, but the insulating operation rod connected to the movable conductor of the vacuum valve and the insulating operation rod No consideration is given to the controls connected to the controls and the insulation around them.

Therefore, the present invention provides a solid-insulated vacuum switch capable of reducing the insulation distance from peripheral devices and improving the insulation characteristics.

In order to solve the above problems, the solid-state insulated vacuum switch according to the present invention is a vacuum valve having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, a fixed conductor connected to the fixed electrode, and a movable conductor connected to the movable electrode. The outer surface of the solid insulator is provided with an insulation operation rod mechanically connected to the movable conductor, an operator for operating the insulation operation rod, and a solid insulator covering the vacuum valve. A grounding layer is provided to cover the solid insulator, a conductive shield is provided to cover the periphery of the connection portion between the movable conductor and the insulating operation rod, and further, any of the following first to fourth means is provided. There is. As a first means, the conductive shield is placed closer to the ground layer than the inner wall of the solid insulation. As a second means, the thickness of the solid insulation between the inner wall of the solid insulation and the conductive shield is greater than the thickness of the solid insulation between the ground layer and the conductive shield. As a third means, the thickness of the solid insulator adjacent between the tip of the conductive shield and the actuator is such that between the connection between the movable conductor and the insulation operating rod and the tip of the conductive shield. Less than the thickness of the solid insulation adjacent to. As a fourth means, a first bushing conductor connected to a fixed conductor and a second bushing conductor connected to a movable conductor are provided, and the first bushing conductor and the second bushing conductor are solid insulators. It comprises a third bushing conductor that is covered by and connected to a fixed or movable conductor, the third bushing conductor being covered with a solid insulator.

According to the present invention, the insulation distance between the vacuum switch and the peripheral device can be reduced, and the insulation characteristics of the vacuum switch can be improved.

Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the description of the following embodiments.

An example of the rolling stock formation of the railroad vehicle equipped with the vacuum switch according to the first embodiment is shown. The feeder circuit of the railroad vehicle of FIG. 1 is shown. Another example of the rolling stock formation of the railroad vehicle equipped with the vacuum switch according to the first embodiment is shown. The feeder circuit of the railroad vehicle of FIG. 3 is shown. The appearance of the vacuum switch which is Example 1 of this invention is shown. It is sectional drawing when the vacuum switch of Example 1 was cut along the longitudinal direction. A state in which a T-type cable head is connected to the vacuum switch of the first embodiment is shown. It is sectional drawing when the vacuum switch which is Example 2 is cut along the longitudinal direction. The appearance of the vacuum switch according to the third embodiment is shown. The appearance of the vacuum switch according to Example 4 is shown. The appearance of the vacuum switch according to Example 5 is shown. The appearance of the vacuum switch according to Example 6 is shown.

The vacuum switch according to an embodiment of the present invention is a solid-insulated vacuum switch whose surface is covered with a ground potential, and its longitudinal direction is parallel to the ground surface, for example, the longitudinal direction is the roof upper surface of a railway vehicle. Alternatively, it is installed on the floor along the vehicle traveling direction, the bushing for connecting the cable is arranged on either the top, bottom, left, or right perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the operation mechanism case is approximately linear with the vacuum valve that opens and closes. Is placed in. As a result, the height dimension and the width dimension in the installed state can be suppressed. Further, since the surface is covered with the ground potential, the insulation distance between the vacuum switch and the peripheral device can be reduced. Therefore, the installation space for peripheral devices can be reduced.

However, according to the study of the present inventor, if the surface of the vacuum switch is covered with a ground potential, a portion having a high electric field is generated inside the vacuum switch. In particular, since the periphery of the insulation operation rod is covered with an atmosphere having a lower breaking electric field than that of a solid insulating resin or the like, there is a risk that the insulation performance will deteriorate if a high electric field portion is generated.

Therefore, in the vacuum switch according to the embodiment of the present invention, a conductive shield that covers the periphery of the insulating operation rod is provided, and the conductive shield is arranged close to the surface grounding layer. As a result, the electric field in the air space around the insulation operation rod inside the switch is relaxed while the surface grounding layer is provided, so that the insulation characteristics of the vacuum switch are improved. Further, according to the study of the present inventor, according to these surface grounding layers and the conductive shield, the electric field relaxation effect is larger than that when only the conductive shield is provided.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the following Examples 1 to 6 with reference to the drawings. In each figure, those having the same reference number indicate the same constituent requirements or constituent requirements having similar functions.

First, the railway vehicle equipped with the vacuum switch according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a rolling stock formation of a railroad vehicle equipped with a vacuum switch according to a first embodiment.

Railway vehicle shown in FIG. 1 is constituted by 8-car train ^{(1 st ~8} th car). High-voltage lead-through cables RC1, RC2, RC3, RC4, and RC5 are arranged on the roofs of these vehicles. The high-voltage lead-through cables RC3 and RC5 are connected to the pantographs PG1 and PG2, respectively. Railway vehicles receive electric power from electric wires (not shown) by pantographs PG1 and PG2, and the received electric power is distributed to each vehicle via high-voltage lead-through cables RC1 to RC5.

Each cable is connected between vehicles by straight joints SJ1, SJ2, SJ3, SJ4 located on the roof, and is branched on the roof by T-branch joints TJ1, TJ2 in the vehicle underfloor direction. Here, the T-branch joint TJ1 and the straight joint SJ2 are integrated with the vacuum switch described later, and the T-branch joint TJ2 and the straight joint SJ4 are also integrated with the vacuum switch.

FIG. 2 shows a feeder circuit of the railway vehicle of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the two eyes ⁽² nd car), four eyes ⁽⁴ th car), the floor (Under Floor) six eyes ⁽⁶ th car), respectively receiving a vacuum interrupter VCB1, VCB2, VCB3 Are provided, and the main transformers Tr1, Tr2, and Tr3 are provided, respectively.

High pull through cable RC1 of the two eyes ⁽² nd car) is directly connected to the primary side of the power receiving vacuum interrupter VCB1 provided under the floor, the secondary side of the power receiving vacuum interrupter VCB1 the main transformer Tr1 Connected to the primary winding. The secondary winding of the main transformer Tr1 supplies electric power to the motor, and the tertiary winding supplies electric power to auxiliary machines such as air conditioners and lights.

A four eyes ⁽⁴ th car) and the primary side of the T-branch joint TJ1, respectively high pressure pull through cable is the branch in TJ2, power receiving vacuum interrupter provided under the floor VCB2, VCB3 six eyes ⁽⁶ th car) The secondary sides of the power receiving vacuum circuit breakers VCB2 and VCB3 are connected to the primary windings of the main transformers Tr2 and Tr3, respectively. The secondary windings of the main transformers Tr2 and Tr3 supply electric power to the motor, and the tertiary winding supplies electric power to the auxiliary machine.

The electric power and the auxiliary equipment may be supplied with electric power from the main transformer via the power conversion device.

In this way, the power receiving vacuum circuit breakers VCB1, VCB2, VCB3, and the main transformers Tr1, Tr2, Tr3 are arranged under the floor, and other electrical equipment (RC1 to 5, SJ1 to 4, PG1 to 2). , TJ1 ~ 2) are arranged on the roof. Since the VCBs 1 to 3 and Tr1 to 3 are arranged under the floor, the work on the roof is reduced during the installation and maintenance / inspection of electrical equipment. Further, when the electrical equipment is arranged on the roof, the space is restricted in the height direction. However, as will be described later, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the dimensions of the vacuum switch in the height direction are determined. Since it can be reduced, the vacuum switch can be easily installed on the roof.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the rolling stock formation of the railroad vehicle equipped with the vacuum switch according to the first embodiment. Further, FIG. 4 shows a feeder circuit of the railway vehicle of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in this example, the high-voltage lead-through cables RC1 to 5, the straight joints SJ1 to 4 and the T-branch joints TJ1 to 2 are installed under the floor (Under Floor). Further, high-voltage cables are pulled into the vehicle from the pantographs PG1 and PG2, and are connected to the high-voltage pull-through cables RC3 and RC5, respectively. Even when the electrical equipment is installed under the floor in this way, the installation space is greatly restricted, but according to the first embodiment described later, the vacuum switch can be easily installed under the floor.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, when the ground fault (Fault) is generated in a high pressure pull through cable RC2 three eyes (3 ^{rd car)} operates the vacuum switch in accordance with a command from the outside, linear By automatically opening the joint SJ2, the main transformer Tr1 affected by the ground fault (Fault) and the motor connected to the main transformer Tr1 are separated from the feeder circuit. At this time, since the main transformers Tr2 and Tr3, which are not affected by the ground fault (Fault), are still connected to the feeder circuit, it is possible to continue the operation of the railway vehicle using the motors connected to them. can.

A vacuum switch to be operated, that is, a linear joint (SJ2 or SJ4) to be disconnected is appropriately selected according to the location of the ground fault. As a result, the high-voltage cable including the faulty part and the sound high-voltage cable can be automatically and electrically separated.

Next, the vacuum switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. As described above, the vacuum switch of the first embodiment is integrated with the T-branch joints (TJ1, TJ2) and the linear joints (SJ2, SJ4) when mounted on a railway vehicle.

FIG. 5 shows the appearance of the vacuum switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The broken line in FIG. 5 indicates the internal structure. Note that FIG. 5 is a plan view of the vacuum switch installed in a railroad vehicle (the same applies to FIGS. 6 and 7). Therefore, the longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch is along the longitudinal direction of the railroad vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 5, the vacuum switch of the first embodiment is mounted on a railroad vehicle in a state of being fixed to the base 81 via stays 83A to 83C.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the vacuum switch of Example 1 when it is cut along the longitudinal direction. The cutting plane is a plane including the movable electrode 5a and the central axis of the aerial insulation operation rod 20, which will be described later.

As shown in FIG. 6, the vacuum switch of the first embodiment has a fixed electrode 3a, a movable electrode 5a that contacts or dissociates from the fixed electrode 3a, and an arc shield that covers the periphery of the fixed electrode 3a and the movable electrode 5a. 6 is provided with a vacuum valve 1 having a cylindrical ceramic insulating cylinder 7 forming a part of an outer container supporting the arc shield 6 and a bellows 2 as a main part.

The outer container of the vacuum valve 1 is configured by covering both ends of the ceramic insulating cylinder 7 with end plates, and the inside is maintained in a vacuum state. The fixed electrode 3a is connected to the fixed conductor 3b, and the fixed conductor 3b is pulled out of the vacuum valve 1 and electrically connected to the bushing conductor 12A on the fixed conductor 3b side. The movable electrode 5a is connected to the movable conductor 5b, and the movable conductor 5b is pulled out of the vacuum valve 1 and electrically connected to the bushing conductors 12B and 12C on the movable conductor 5b side.

The vacuum valve 1, the bushing conductor 12A on the fixed conductor 3b side, and the bushing conductors 12B and 12C on the movable conductor 5b side are molded and covered with a solid insulating material 21 made of an epoxy resin or the like. Further, the surface of the solid insulating material 21 is covered with the ground layer 23. A ground potential is applied to the ground layer 23. The ground layer 23 is formed by spraying metal, applying a conductive paint, or the like. The tip of each bushing conductor on the outside air side is not molded by the solid insulator 21, and the conductor is exposed. These tip portions form connection portions 10A, 10B, and 10C with a T-type cable head (FIG. 7) described later.

On the movable side of the vacuum valve 1, a bellows 2 is arranged between the movable conductor 5b and the end plate on the movable side. With this bellows, the movable conductor 5b becomes movable while maintaining the vacuum state of the vacuum valve 1. Further, on the movable side of the vacuum valve 1, an electromagnetic actuator 30 for operating the air insulation operating rod 20 is provided. The movable operation shaft of the electromagnetic actuator 30 is coaxially connected to the aerial insulation operation rod 20 via the operation link portion 31. The ends of the aerial insulation operation rod 20 connected to the electromagnetic actuator 30, the operation link portion 31, and the electromagnetic actuator 30, are housed in a mechanism case 82 coaxially contacting a substantially cylindrical mold portion made of a solid insulator 21. Will be done. Therefore, in the vacuum switch, the electromagnetic actuator 30 is arranged coaxially with the air insulation operating rod 20.

In the electromagnetic actuator 30, for example, a permanent magnet and an electromagnet are combined with a spring, and a driving force is generated by turning on / off the energization of the coil constituting the electromagnet. The configuration of the electromagnetic actuator 30 in this embodiment is known, and detailed description of the electromagnetic actuator 30 will be omitted.

The vacuum valve 1 and the electromagnetic operator 30 are operated by operating the drive shaft of the movable electrode 5a in which the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable conductor 5b are integrally and coaxially connected by the metal adapter 24 in the electromagnetic operator 30. The movable electrode 5a can be brought into contact with the fixed electrode 3a or separated from the fixed electrode 3a while ensuring a sufficient insulating distance between the two. Further, by interposing a metal adapter 24 that moves together with the movable conductor 5b and a flexible conductor 27 that electrically connects the metal adapter 24 and the bushing conductor between the movable conductor 5b and the bushing conductors 12B and 12C, energization is performed. Mobility and mobility are ensured.

Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the conductive shield 13 connects the tip of the aerial insulation operation rod 20 on the movable conductor 5b side and the movable conductor 5b in the solid insulator 21. It is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the portion. The conductive shield 13 is electrically connected to the movable conductor 5b via the bushing conductors 12B and 12C and the flexible conductor 27. Further, the end portion of the conductive shield 13 on the movable conductor 5b side comes into contact with the bushing conductors 12B and 12C on the movable conductor 5b side and is electrically connected.

The conductive shield 13 extends from the contact portion with the bushing conductors 12B and 12C on the movable conductor 5b side toward the electromagnetic actuator 30 in the solid insulating material 21. As a result, the conductive shield 13 is formed around the metal adapter 24, the housing 25, the bearing 26 and the flexible conductor 27, which are the connecting portions between the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable conductor 5b, that is, the aerial insulation operation rod. It covers the periphery of the conductor portion at the connection portion between the 20 and the movable conductor 5b, and also covers the periphery of the air-exposed portion of the aerial insulation operation rod 20 extending from the connection portion with the metal adapter 24 toward the electromagnetic controller 30.

The conductive shield 13 is made of a conductive material such as metal or conductive rubber.

According to the conductive shield 13 and the above-mentioned ground layer 23, when a high voltage is applied to the conductive shield 13 via the bushing conductors 12B and 12C, an electric field is generated between the conductive shield 13 and the ground layer 23. Concentrates in the solid insulator 21 of the above, and the electric field concentration is relaxed in the air around the conductor portion at the connection portion between the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable conductor 5b. Further, the electric field concentration region between the conductive shield 13 and the ground layer 23 and at the end of the conductive shield 13 on the electromagnetic actuator 30 side is covered with a solid insulator 21 having a higher dielectric strength than the air. As a result, the insulation characteristics of the vacuum switch are improved while the grounding layer 23 is provided. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, the insulation distance from the peripheral device can be reduced, and the insulation characteristics of the vacuum switch are improved.

Since the solid insulator inner wall 22 near the tip of the conductive shield 13 is in contact with the air, there is a risk of becoming an insulating weak point. Therefore, in the first embodiment, as shown by the portion A surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 6, the thickness b of the solid insulator 21 between the inner wall 22 of the solid insulator and the conductive shield 13 is the grounding layer 23. The thickness of the solid insulator 21 between the and the conductive shield 13 is made larger than the thickness a (b> a). As a result, the conductive shield 13 is arranged in the solid insulating material 21 closer to the outer surface of the solid insulating material 21, that is, the ground contact layer 23 than the inner wall 22 of the solid insulating material. That is, the conductive shield 13 is arranged in the solid insulating material 21 so as to be separated from the inner wall 22 of the solid insulating material or close to the outer surface of the solid insulating material 21, and is conductive with the inner wall 22 of the solid insulating material. The thickness of the solid insulation 21 with and from the shield 13 can be increased. Therefore, the electric field strength on the inner wall 22 of the solid insulator can be reduced. The thickness a is set to a size such that the electric field strength between the conductive shield 13 and the ground layer 23 does not cause insulation deterioration of the solid insulator 21.

Further, in the first embodiment, the tip of the conductive shield 13 on the electromagnetic actuator 30 side is bent toward the grounding layer 23 in the solid insulating material 21. As a result, the tip portion is separated from the adjacent solid insulation inner wall 22, so that the electric field concentration can be relaxed in the solid insulation inner wall 22 where the electric field concentration is likely to occur.

Further, the solid insulation inner wall 22 adjacent to the tip of the conductive shield 13 has an inner wall surface which is a curved surface that becomes convex toward the air inside the vacuum switch. More specifically, the inner diameter of the solid insulator inner wall 22 is substantially constant from the portion adjacent to the connection portion between the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable conductor 5b to the portion adjacent to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13. A portion having a cylindrical first inner wall surface and having a curved surface that is convex toward the aerial side in a portion adjacent to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13, and a portion adjacent to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13. A portion extending from the electromagnetic controller 30 toward the electromagnetic controller 30 has a second inner wall surface having a cylindrical shape having a substantially constant inner diameter and having an inner diameter larger than that of the first inner wall surface. The first inner wall surface, the inner wall surface which is a curved surface that becomes convex toward the air side, and the second inner wall surface are smoothly continuous.

The total thickness of the solid insulating material 21 adjacent to the first inner wall surface and the total thickness of the solid insulating material 21 adjacent to the second inner wall surface are substantially equal, for example, the thickness dimension in part A in FIG. The thickness is set to the total thickness of the a and b and the conductive shield 13, or the total thickness of the thickness dimensions a and b. This improves the mechanical strength and insulation performance of the vacuum switch.

In the first embodiment, as the total thickness of the solid insulator 21 is set, the outer surface of the solid insulator 21 that comes into contact with the outside air, that is, the outer surface of the grounding layer 23, is the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable conductor 5b. From the portion adjacent to the connection portion with the conductive shield 13 to the portion adjacent to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13, a first cylindrical outer surface having a substantially constant outer diameter is provided, and is adjacent to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13. The portion has a curved surface that is convex toward the outside air side, and the portion extending from the portion adjacent to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13 toward the electromagnetic controller 30 has an outer diameter larger than that of the first outer surface. It has a cylindrical second outer surface having a substantially constant outer diameter. The first outer surface, the outer surface which is a curved surface that becomes convex toward the outside air side, and the second outer surface are smoothly continuous. That is, the shapes of the outer surfaces of the solid insulator 21 and the ground layer 23 have the same shape as the inner wall surface of the solid insulator 21.

Due to the shape of the inner wall of the solid insulator, and according to this shape, the inner wall 22 of the solid insulator and the conductive shield 13 in the solid insulator 21 adjacent to the tip of the conductive shield 13 on the electromagnetic controller 30 side. By being able to increase the thickness between them, the electric field concentration can be relaxed on the inner wall 22 of the solid insulator adjacent to the tip of the conductive shield.

As described above, the thicknesses a and b of the solid insulator 21 shown by the part A in FIG. 6 are set so that a <b, and the conductive shield 13 is the outer surface of the solid insulator 21. By arranging it close to, the heat dissipation of the vacuum switch is improved.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the vacuum switch of the first embodiment, the operating direction of the drive shaft of the movable electrode 5a in which the movable electrode 5a, the movable conductor 5b, the metal adapter 24, and the aerial insulation operation rod 20 are coaxially integrated. The guide 8 and the bearing 26 are provided in order to regulate the sliding speed and improve the smoothness of sliding. The guide 8 pivotally supports the movable conductor 5b that constitutes the drive shaft of the movable electrode 5a. Further, the bearing 26 held in the housing 25 pivotally supports the metal adapter 24 constituting the drive shaft of the movable electrode 5a. By supporting the shaft with the two components of the guide 8 and the bearing 26 in this way, the centering accuracy of the movable conductor 5b, the metal adapter 24, and the aerial insulation operation rod 20 that are coaxially integrated is improved. The smoothness of sliding is improved. In the first embodiment, the guide 8 and the bearing 26 have a shape in which a flange is provided at one end of the short pipe, but the shape is not limited to this shape and may be another shape.

In the first embodiment, in the vacuum switch, the space around the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the space around the connection portion between the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable conductor 5b are in the air and have an atmosphere. The body is the atmosphere, but the body is not limited to this, and an insulating gas such as dry air or SF6 gas may be used. This improves the insulation performance of the vacuum switch. In this case, the inside of the vacuum switch is sealed by sealing means such as a sealing material between the opening of the solid insulator 21 on the electromagnetic actuator 30 side and the opening of the mechanism case 82 in contact with the opening. Is filled with insulating gas.

FIG. 7 shows a state in which the T-type cable heads 40A, 40B, and 40C are connected to the vacuum switch of the first embodiment.

The conductors in the T-shaped cable heads 40A, 40B and 40C, which are connected to the tips of the cables 42A, 42B and 42C, respectively, are bolted to the tips of the bushing conductors 12A, 12B and 12C, respectively. This conductor portion is housed in a T-shaped insulating resin. The T-shaped head has a hollow portion for fitting with the bushing portion and fastening the conductor portion bolt, and both ends of the head are open. Since the opening on the bolt fastening portion side is closed by the insulating plugs (41A, 41B, 41C), the connection portion between the bushing conductor and the T-type cable head is covered with an insulator and is not exposed to the outside.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the vacuum switch of the first embodiment, the vacuum valve 1, the aerial insulation operation rod 20, and the electromagnetic operator 30 are coaxially and substantially straight along the longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch. Placed on the line. Further, the bushing conductors 12A, 12B, 12C are in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the movable direction of the movable electrode 5a, the movable conductor 5b, and the aerial insulation operation rod 20, and the base 81. It projects in a direction parallel to the plane on which the vacuum switch is fixed. As a result, when the cable is connected, the electromagnetic actuator 30 and the T-type cable heads 40A, 40B, 40C do not interfere with each other, so that the height dimension and the width dimension of the vacuum switch after the cable connection can be reduced.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the surface of the solid insulator 21 that molds the constituent portion of the vacuum switch is covered with the ground layer 23, and the solid insulator is movable with the aerial insulation operation rod 20 in the solid insulator. By providing the conductive shield 13 so as to cover the periphery of the connection portion with the conductor 5b, the insulation performance of the vacuum switch can be improved while providing the grounding layer 23. Further, since the height dimension and the width dimension of the vacuum switch after the cable connection can be reduced, the degree of freedom in the installation location of the vacuum switch in a railroad vehicle or the like can be increased. Further, since the surface of the vacuum switch is covered with the ground layer 23, the insulation distance between the vacuum switch and the peripheral device can be reduced, so that the total installation space of the vacuum switch and the peripheral device can be reduced. Can be reduced.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the vacuum switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention when it is cut along the longitudinal direction. Hereinafter, the points different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

First, in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the solid insulator inner wall 22 is formed from a portion adjacent to the connection portion between the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable conductor 5b to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13. Up to the adjacent portion, it has a cylindrical first inner wall surface having a substantially constant inner diameter, and in the portion adjacent to the tip end portion of the conductive shield 13, it has a curved surface that becomes convex toward the air, and is conductive. A portion extending from a portion adjacent to the tip end portion of the sex shield 13 toward the electromagnetic controller 30 has a cylindrical second inner wall surface having an inner diameter larger than that of the first inner wall surface and having a substantially constant inner diameter. The first inner wall surface, the inner wall surface which is a curved surface that becomes convex toward the air side, and the second inner wall surface are smoothly continuous.

In the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the total thickness of the solid insulating material 21 adjacent to the second inner wall surface is smaller than the total thickness of the solid insulating material 21 adjacent to the first inner wall surface. That is, the total thickness of the solid insulating material 21 adjacent to the second inner wall surface is, for example, the total thickness of the thickness dimensions a and b in the portion A in FIG. 6 and the thickness of the conductive shield 13. The thickness is set to be smaller than the combined thickness of the dimensions a and b.

That is, in the second embodiment, in the solid insulator 21, a portion of the solid insulator 21 that is separated from the portion adjacent to the tip portion of the conductive shield 13 in which the electric field is easily concentrated toward the electromagnetic actuator 30 side, that is, the tip portion of the conductive shield 13. The thickness of the solid insulator 21 in the portion where the electric field strength is lower than that in the portion adjacent to the solid insulator 21 is reduced. As a result, the weight of the solid insulator 21 can be reduced without affecting the insulation performance of the vacuum switch, so that the weight of the vacuum switch can be reduced.

FIG. 9 shows the appearance of the vacuum switch according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The broken line in FIG. 9 shows the internal structure. Note that FIG. 9 is a plan view of the vacuum switch in a state where it is installed in a railway vehicle. Therefore, the longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch is along the longitudinal direction of the railroad vehicle. Hereinafter, the points different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

In the third embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, only one bushing conductor 12B is provided on the movable conductor 5b side. That is, among the functions of the vacuum switch of the third embodiment as a straight joint and a T-shaped joint, the cable connected to the bushing conductor 12A (corresponding to 42A in FIG. 7) and the cable connected to the bushing conductor 12B (corresponding to 42A in FIG. 7). It has only a function as a linear joint for connecting (corresponding to 42B in FIG. 7).

According to the third embodiment, when there is a part having a cable branch and a part having no cable branch like a railroad vehicle, it is integrated with the straight joint at the part not having the cable branch. The insulation performance of the vacuum switch can be improved, and the insulation distance between the vacuum switch and peripheral devices can be reduced. In addition, the height dimension and width dimension of the vacuum switch after the cable connection can be reduced.

FIG. 10 shows the appearance of the vacuum switch according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The broken line in FIG. 10 shows the internal structure. Note that FIG. 10 is a plan view of the vacuum switch in a state where it is installed in a railway vehicle. Therefore, the longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch is along the longitudinal direction of the railroad vehicle. Hereinafter, the points different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

In the fourth embodiment, the two bushing conductors 12B and 12C are provided on the movable electrode 5a side as in the first embodiment, but unlike the first embodiment, the two bushing conductors 12A, are also provided on the fixed electrode 3a side. 12D is provided. As a result, the vacuum switch of the third embodiment is a straight line connecting the cable connected to the bushing conductor 12A (corresponding to 42A in FIG. 7) and the cable connected to the bushing conductor 12B (corresponding to 42B in FIG. 7). The function as a joint, the function as a T-shaped joint that branches the cable connected to the bushing conductor 12C (corresponding to 42C in FIG. 7) on the movable electrode 5a side, and the cable connected to the bushing conductor 12D on the fixed side. It has a function as a branching T-shaped joint.

In this embodiment, since the cable can be branched not only on the movable electrode 5a side but also on the fixed electrode 3a side, the degree of freedom in the circuit configuration of the feeder circuit can be expanded.

FIG. 11 shows the appearance of the vacuum switch according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The broken line in FIG. 11 shows the internal structure. Note that FIG. 11 is a side view of the vacuum switch installed in a railroad vehicle along the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch is along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle. Hereinafter, the points different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the electromagnetic operator 30 are not arranged coaxially, and the height from the base 81 is aerial in the installed state of the vacuum switch. The insulating operation rod 20 and the movable operation shaft of the electromagnetic operator 30 are made different. The aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable operation shaft of the electromagnetic operator 30 are connected via an operation link portion 31 and a link 84. That is, the aerial insulation operation rod 20 and the movable operation shaft of the electromagnetic operator 30 are non-coaxially connected via the link 84. As a result, the stroke of the electromagnetic actuator and the stroke of the air insulation operating rod 20 can be made different, and the degree of freedom in setting both is expanded. Therefore, the workability of stroke adjustment is improved. Further, by providing the link 84 with a mechanism that operates as a lever, the output of the electromagnetic actuator 30 can be reduced. As a result, the electromagnetic actuator 30 can be miniaturized. Therefore, the electromagnetic actuator 30 can be housed in the mechanism case 82.

FIG. 12 shows the appearance of the vacuum switch according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The broken line in FIG. 12 shows the internal structure. Note that FIG. 12 is a side view along the longitudinal direction in a state where the vacuum switch is installed on the roof of a railway vehicle. The longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch is along the longitudinal direction of the railcar. Further, FIG. 12 shows a state in which the T-type cable head is connected to the vacuum switch. Hereinafter, the points different from those of the first embodiment will be mainly described.

As shown in FIG. 12, in the sixth embodiment, the base 81 of the vacuum switch is installed on the vehicle roof 86. Further, the two bushing conductors 12A and 12D on the fixed conductor 3b side and the bushing conductor 12C on the movable conductor 5b side are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vacuum switch and perpendicular to the plane of the base 81. Provided. That is, the bushing conductors 12A, 12C, and 12D project in the direction perpendicular to the mounting plane of the vacuum switch. As a result, the bushing conductor 12A is projected inside the vehicle under the vehicle roof 86, and the cable connected to the bushing conductor 12A can be routed under the vehicle roof 86.

Depending on the configuration of the bushing conductor of the sixth embodiment (two on the fixed conductor side and one on the movable conductor side) (in the first embodiment, one on the fixed conductor side and two on the movable conductor side), the vacuum switch can be used as a vacuum switch. It can have a linear joint function and a T-branch joint function.

The mounting location of the base 81 is not limited to the vehicle roof 86 as in the sixth embodiment, but may be under the vehicle roof, on the vehicle floor, under the vehicle floor, or the like. In either case, the bushing conductor 12A is projected on the side opposite to the side where the anti-aircraft switch is located with respect to the base 81, and the cable can be routed. Therefore, the degree of freedom in arranging the vacuum switch is increased.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described examples have been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the described configurations. Further, it is possible to add / delete / replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.

For example, the vacuum switch according to the present invention can be applied not only to railway vehicles but also to various power receiving equipment and power distribution equipment. Further, the vacuum switch according to the present invention may be installed so that its longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the installation location.

PG1, PG2 pantograph,
RC1, RC2, RC3, RC4, RC5 high voltage pull-through cable,
SJ1, SJ2, SJ3, SJ4 straight joints,
TJ1, TJ2 T branch joint,
Tr1, Tr2, Tr3 main transformer,
VCB1, VCB2, VCB3 Power receiving vacuum circuit breaker,
1 Vacuum valve, 2 Bellows, 3a fixed electrode, 3b fixed conductor,
5a movable electrode, 5b movable conductor, 6 arc shield,
7 ceramic insulation cylinder, 8 guides,
10A, 10B, 10C, 10D connection,
12, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D bushing conductors,
13 Conductive shield, 20 Air insulation operating rod, 21 Solid insulation,
22 Solid insulation inner wall, 23 Grounding layer, 24 Metal adapter,
25 housings, 26 bearings, 27 flexible conductors,
30 electromagnetic manipulator, 31 operation link part,
40A, 40B, 40C, 40D T-type cable head,
41A, 41B, 41C, 41D insulation plug,
42A, 42B, 42C, 42D cables,
81 base, 82 mechanism case, 83A, 83B, 83C stay,
84 links, 86 vehicle roof

Claims (13)

A vacuum valve having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, a fixed conductor connected to the fixed electrode, and a movable conductor connected to the movable electrode.
An insulating operating rod that is mechanically connected to the movable conductor,
An actuator for operating the insulation operating rod and
The solid insulator that covers the vacuum valve and
In a solid-insulated vacuum switch equipped with
A ground layer is provided to cover the outer surface of the solid insulator.
In the solid insulator, a conductive shield is provided to cover the periphery of the connection portion between the movable conductor and the insulation operating rod .
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the conductive shield is arranged closer to the grounding layer than the inner wall of the solid-insulated material. A vacuum valve having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, a fixed conductor connected to the fixed electrode, and a movable conductor connected to the movable electrode.
An insulating operating rod that is mechanically connected to the movable conductor,
An actuator for operating the insulation operating rod and
The solid insulator that covers the vacuum valve and
In a solid-insulated vacuum switch equipped with
A ground layer is provided to cover the outer surface of the solid insulator.
In the solid insulator, a conductive shield is provided to cover the periphery of the connection portion between the movable conductor and the insulation operating rod.
The thickness of the solid insulation between the inner wall of the solid insulation and the conductive shield is larger than the thickness of the solid insulation between the grounding layer and the conductive shield. Solid insulation type vacuum switch. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1 or 2.
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the tip of the conductive shield is bent toward the ground layer. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1 or 2.
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the inner wall surface of the solid insulator adjacent to the tip of the conductive shield has a curved surface that is convex toward the air side. A vacuum valve having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, a fixed conductor connected to the fixed electrode, and a movable conductor connected to the movable electrode.
An insulating operating rod that is mechanically connected to the movable conductor,
An actuator for operating the insulation operating rod and
The solid insulator that covers the vacuum valve and
In a solid-insulated vacuum switch equipped with
A ground layer is provided to cover the outer surface of the solid insulator.
In the solid insulator, a conductive shield is provided to cover the periphery of the connection portion between the movable conductor and the insulation operating rod.
The thickness of the solid insulator adjacent to the tip of the conductive shield and the operator is such that the connection between the movable conductor and the insulation operating rod and the tip of the conductive shield. A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that it is smaller than the thickness of the solid-insulated material adjacent between the two. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1,
A first bushing conductor connected to the fixed conductor,
A second bushing conductor connected to the movable conductor,
With
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the first bushing conductor and the second bushing conductor are covered with the solid insulating material. A vacuum valve having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, a fixed conductor connected to the fixed electrode, and a movable conductor connected to the movable electrode.
An insulating operating rod that is mechanically connected to the movable conductor,
An actuator for operating the insulation operating rod and
The solid insulator that covers the vacuum valve and
In a solid-insulated vacuum switch equipped with
A ground layer is provided to cover the outer surface of the solid insulator.
In the solid insulator, a conductive shield is provided to cover the periphery of the connection portion between the movable conductor and the insulation operating rod.
A first bushing conductor connected to the fixed conductor,
A second bushing conductor connected to the movable conductor,
With
The first bushing conductor and the second bushing conductor are covered with the solid insulator.
A third bushing conductor connected to the fixed conductor or the movable conductor
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the third bushing conductor is covered with the solid-state insulating material. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1,
It comprises a plurality of bushing conductors connected to the fixed conductor and the movable conductor.
The plurality of bushing conductors are covered with the solid insulating material, and the bushing conductors are covered with the solid insulating material.
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the plurality of bushing conductors are provided in a direction perpendicular to the movable direction of the movable electrode, the movable conductor, and the insulating operation rod. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 8,
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the movable electrode, the movable conductor, and the insulating operation rod are coaxially connected. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1,
It comprises a plurality of bushing conductors connected to the fixed conductor and the movable conductor.
The plurality of bushing conductors are covered with the solid insulating material, and the bushing conductors are covered with the solid insulating material.
A vacuum switch, wherein the plurality of bushing conductors project in a direction parallel to a mounting plane of the vacuum switch. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1,
It comprises a plurality of bushing conductors connected to the fixed conductor and the movable conductor.
The plurality of bushing conductors are covered with the solid insulating material, and the bushing conductors are covered with the solid insulating material.
A vacuum switch, wherein the plurality of bushing conductors project in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plane of the vacuum switch. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1,
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the insulating operating rod and the movable operating shaft of the operating device are coaxially connected. In the solid-insulated vacuum switch according to claim 1,
A solid-insulated vacuum switch characterized in that the insulating operating rod and the movable operating shaft of the operating device are non-coaxially connected via a link portion.

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