JP6725960B2 - Bulletproof composite board - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bulletproof composite board. That is, the present invention relates to a bulletproof composite plate used for bulletproof armor.

<Technical background>
Bulletproof plate material is used for armor to prevent rifle bullets and other enemy bullets from the attacking side.
That is, a bulletproof plate material is used in order to prevent penetration of bullets hit by bullets and fragments thereof and to prevent damage and destruction of human bodies and equipment due to these bullets, and as a typical example, bulletproof plate materials are attached to vehicles.
This type of vehicle is required to have mobility and high-speed mobility in view of its application, but the bulletproof plate material is often additionally provided for protection of such a vehicle, and thus imparts elasticity. ..

<Conventional technology>
As such a bulletproof plate material, an iron plate and a steel plate were used, but recently, a bulletproof composite plate has been developed and used for the purpose of weight reduction.
In particular, for vehicles in which mobility and high-speed mobility are important, bulletproof composite plates are being widely used in order to achieve both elasticity and mobility.
A typical conventional bulletproof composite plate has a two-layer structure including a front first layer and a rear second layer. The first layer was made of a material having hardness such as ceramics, and the second layer was made of FRP in which fibers were entirely coated with resin.
Therefore, the first layer crushes and decelerates the bullet, and the bullet crushed by the second layer is captured.

<<About the subject>>
By the way, the following problems have been pointed out as problems for such a conventional bulletproof composite board.
It was not easy to achieve both elasticity and mobility, and there was still a problem in terms of weight. It has been pointed out that if the ballistic resistance is improved, the weight will be increased in exchange for the demerit that the maneuverability will be reduced, which is a problem in terms of weight.
That is, when importance is attached to the ballistic resistance, the weight increase is remarkable because the weight of the first layer made of ceramics or the like and having a thickness of about 10 mm is added to the weight of the second layer made of FRP and having a thickness of about 20 mm to 30 mm. ..
In particular, regarding the second layer, the weight increase due to the resin coated on the fiber was remarkable. In order to improve the ballistic resistance, the thickness of the second layer is increased and a large amount of coating resin is used, so that the weight increase is remarkable.
Therefore, it has been pointed out that the conventional bulletproof composite board is difficult to mount on a vehicle or the like where high speed mobility is important.

<<About the present invention>>
The bulletproof composite plate of the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional art in view of such circumstances.
It is an object of the present invention to firstly propose a bulletproof composite plate which is excellent in ballistic resistance, and secondly, which is also excellent in weight and mobility.

<<About each claim>>
The technical means of the present invention for solving such a problem are as follows, as described in the claims.
Claim 1 is as follows.
The bulletproof composite board according to claim 1 is used for armor for preventing bullets. Then, it has a three-layer structure in which the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are arranged in order from the front side.
The first layer crushes and slows down the bullet. The second layer captures the crushed bullets. The third layer absorbs the deformation of the second layer.
The first layer is made of ceramics coated with polyurea resin. The second layer is made of a fiber-reinforced polyurea resin. The third layer is made of a honeycomb sandwich panel coated with a polyurea resin.

Claim 2 is as follows.
The bulletproof composite plate according to claim 2 is the bulletproof composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is necessary and sufficient for absorbing and attenuating the motion of a bullet that has come flying and colliding, and crushing and decelerating while preventing scattering. , With hardness.
The second layer further absorbs and attenuates the movement of the bullet fragments crushed in the first layer and captures them, and the elastic deformation of the polyurea resin accompanying the capture is maintained in the fibers. To be done.
The third layer has a sandwich structure in which a surface plate is joined to the open end surface of the honeycomb core, and absorbs elastic deformation of the second layer based on the characteristics of the honeycomb core.

<< about action >>
Since the present invention comprises such means, it is as follows.
(1) This bulletproof composite plate has a three-layer structure of a first layer, a second layer and a third layer.
(2) The first layer is made of ceramics coated with polyurea resin, and crushes and decelerates bullets that have been hit while absorbing and attenuating kinetic energy to prevent scattering.
(3) The second layer is made of a fiber-reinforced polyurea resin and captures the crushed bullets by further absorbing and attenuating the kinetic energy.
(4) Then, the polyurea resin of the second layer captures the bullets, which have been crushed into fine fragments by toughness deformation and elastic deformation, and is captured by the fibers.
In addition, the crushed crushed bullets disperse kinetic energy as the surface area and cross-sectional area increase, and their absorption and attenuation are promoted.
(5) By the way, the toughness deformation and elastic deformation of the polyurea resin or the like of the second layer are absorbed by the third layer.
(6) That is, the third layer is made of a honeycomb sandwich panel coated with a polyurea resin, and the strength, rigidity, and buckling deformation thereof buffer, disperse, and absorb the deformation.
(7) As described above, the bulletproof composite plate of the present invention exhibits excellent bulletproof performance.
(8) And the bulletproof performance is realized without increasing the weight and reducing the mobility. The second layer is greatly thinned and lightened, and the third layer is light in weight.
(9) As described above, the ballistic resistance, the lightness, and the maneuverability are compatible for the first time. Therefore, it can be installed in vehicles where mobility and high-speed mobility are important.
(10) Then, the present invention exhibits the following effects.

<<First effect>>
First, it has excellent ballistic resistance.
The bulletproof composite plate of the present invention is a ceramic first layer coated with a polyurea resin, which crushes and slows down a bullet, and a fiber-reinforced polyurea resin second layer which traps the crushed bullet. The third layer made of a honeycomb sandwich panel coated with polyurea resin absorbs the deformation of the second layer.
By combining such a three-layer structure, excellent ballistic performance is exhibited and ballistic resistance is improved.

<<Second effect>>
Secondly, it is excellent in terms of weight and mobility.
The ballistic-resistant composite plate of the present invention has a three-layer structure in which a predetermined first layer, a second layer, and a third layer are combined, that is, a ceramic-made first layer coated with a polyurea resin and reinforced with fibers. The three-layer structure that combines the second layer made of polyurea resin and the third layer made of honeycomb sandwich panel coated with polyurea resin realizes the above-mentioned excellent ballistic resistance without increasing weight and lowering maneuverability. ..
Unlike the above-described conventional ballistic-resistant composite plate, in order to improve the ballistic resistance, the thickness of the second layer is increased and the coating resin is used in a large amount, so that the weight is not increased. In the present invention, it is possible for the first time to achieve both anti-ballistic properties, lightness and mobility.
In this way, since the problem of weight is solved, it is possible to equip a vehicle or the like in which mobility and high speed mobility are important for armoring and protection.
As described above, the effects of the present invention are remarkably large, such that all the problems existing in this type of conventional technology are solved.

The bulletproof composite plate according to the present invention will be described with reference to a mode for carrying out the invention. (1) is a configuration explanatory view (front view), and (2) is an operation explanatory view (plan view). .. FIG. 3C is an explanatory diagram (plan view) of the comparative example. The bulletproof composite plate according to the present invention will be described with reference to modes for carrying out the invention. And (1) figure is a perspective view of a honeycomb core, and (2) figure is explanatory drawing (perspective) of an example of a high-speed moving body.

Hereinafter, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1(1) and 2(2).
<<Outline of the Present Invention>>
First, the outline of the present invention is as follows.
The bulletproof composite board A of the present invention is used for armor to prevent bullets B and has a three-layer structure in which a first layer 1, a second layer 2 and a third layer 3 are arranged in order from the front side.
The first layer 1 crushes and decelerates the bullet B, the second layer 2 captures the crushed bullet B′, and the third layer 3 absorbs the deformation of the second layer 2.
The first layer 1 is made of ceramics D coated with polyurea resin C. The second layer 2 is made of polyurea resin C reinforced with fibers E. The third layer 3 is made of a honeycomb sandwich panel F coated with a polyurea resin C.
The first layer 1, the second layer 2, and the third layer 3 are integrated by joining, binding, packing, or the like.
The outline of the present invention is as described above. Hereinafter, the bulletproof composite plate A of the present invention will be described in more detail.

<<About the first layer 1>>
First, the first layer 1 of the bulletproof composite plate A will be described.
The first layer 1 is made of ceramics D coated with polyurea resin C. Then, the bullet B is crushed and slowed down.
That is, the bullet B that has come in and collided has a hardness sufficient and sufficient for absorbing and attenuating the motion of the bullet B and preventing the scattering and crushing and decelerating.

The first layer 1 will be described in more detail. The first layer 1 is made of ceramics D, which is coated with a polyurea resin C on the front and back and is reinforced by its characteristics. The wall thickness of the first layer 1 is, for example, about 10 mm.
Then, the first layer 1 crushes and decelerates the bullet B. That is, with respect to the bullet B that has been hit or collided, the kinetic energy (mV ² /2) in the horizontal direction and the front-back direction is absorbed and attenuated, and thus the bullet B is decelerated while being prevented from scattering by the ceramics D, Let it be a crushed bullet B'. The first layer 1 has a hardness necessary and sufficient for exhibiting such a function.
As the bullet B, a rifle bullet such as a 7.62 mm bullet is typically assumed, but it also includes a cannonball.

The polyurea resin C is as follows. The polyurea resin C is composed of a compound mainly containing a urea bond, and is known for its impact resistance, high strength, toughness, protective property, adhesiveness, etc., and may be used as a coating material or paint. Many.
It is a high-strength material that is extremely excellent in impact resistance as well as toughness as characteristics, and has tenacity, elongation, flexibility, and deformability. It is possible to form a strong protective layer.
Note that the toughness deformation, extensional deformation, and elastic deformation are poor in sustainability and maintainability, and may be easily broken or broken.
The first layer 1 is as described above.

<<About the second layer 2>>
Next, the second layer 2 of this bulletproof composite plate A will be described.
The second layer 2 is made of polyurea resin C reinforced with fibers E. Then, the crushed bullet B′ is captured.
That is, with respect to the fragment group of the bullet B′ crushed in the first layer 1, the movement is further absorbed and attenuated to be captured, and the elastic deformation of the polyurea resin C accompanying the capture is maintained by the fiber E.

The second layer 2 will be described in more detail. The second layer 2 is made of polyurea resin C, and the fibers E are inserted and interposed in a thin film inside, so that the polyurea resin C is reinforced by such fibers E.
The thickness of the second layer 2 is, for example, an ultrathin or thin film having a thickness of about 5 mm. As the fiber E, a fiber material such as Kevlar fiber or aramid fiber, which has a high elastic modulus and is easily stretched and deformed and rich in toughness, is used.
Then, the second layer 2 suppresses and captures the crushed bullet B′. That is, the polyurea resin C absorbs, damps, and stops the load based on the kinetic energy in the horizontal direction and the front-back direction of the fragment group of the bullet B'crushed and crushed in the first layer 1 by its reaction force. Let's capture.

First, the function of the fiber E is as follows. First, the polyurea resin C catches and captures the crushed bullet B′ that has decelerated from the first layer 1 and reaches the second layer 2 by toughness deformation, elongation deformation and elastic deformation based on its characteristics. I will end up.
At this time, since the polyurea resin C is anxious about the sustainability and maintainability of such deformation, in order to compensate for this, the second layer 2 is provided with the fiber E which is easily stretchable and deformed.
Therefore, the fiber E penetrates the fragments of the crushed bullets B′ captured by the polyurea resin C, and allows the fibers E to be captured as they are without penetrating. The fiber E supports and backs up the capture by the polyurea resin C, which has a surface that is easily cut and easily broken, by improving the toughness.

Secondly, the dispersion of the kinetic energy of the fragments of the crushed bullet B'is as follows. The bullet B from the first layer 1 to the second layer 2 is a fragment group of the bullet B'which is finely crushed.
That is, as shown in FIG. 1(2), compared to the surface area and cross-sectional area of one bullet B before colliding with the first layer 1, it is then finely crushed in the first layer 1. The bullet B′ that has reached the second layer 2 is a group of fragments, and its surface area and cross-sectional area are greatly increased in total (pseudo surface area and cross-sectional area increase) (shown by broken lines in the figure. reference).
As a result, the amount of kinetic energy it possesses is small. Compared with the kinetic energy possessed by one bullet B, the kinetic energy possessed by the fragment group of the bullet B′ is dispersed and is small due to the increase in the surface area and the cross-sectional area. Therefore, absorption and damping of kinetic energy in the second layer 2 are further promoted and smoothed.
It should be noted that FIG. 1(3) is a comparative example, and shows a case where the sample honeycomb sandwich panel G is directly collided with the bullet B without being crushed as in the present invention. In the figure, the surface area and cross-sectional area of the colliding bullet B are smaller than those of the crushed bullet B'. (Comparison of the broken line display in FIG. 1(2) with the broken line display in FIG. 1(3))
The second layer 2 is as described above.

<<About the third layer 3>>
Next, the third layer 3 of this bulletproof composite plate A will be described.
The third layer 3 is made of a honeycomb sandwich panel F coated with polyurea resin C and absorbs the deformation of the second layer 2.
That is, the third layer 3 is made up of a backup panel having a sandwich structure in which the surface plate J is joined to the open end surface of the honeycomb core H, and absorbs elastic deformation of the second layer 2 based on the characteristics of the honeycomb core H.

Such third layer 3 will be described in more detail. The honeycomb sandwich panel F of the third layer 3 has a sandwich structure in which front face plates J are joined to the front and rear opening end faces of the honeycomb core H which is the core material.
As shown in FIG. 2(1), the honeycomb core H is composed of a surface aggregate of a large number of hollow columnar cells L partitioned and formed by the cell walls K. Then, the surface plates J are bonded to the cell walls K on both end faces of the cells L in the cell axial direction M by adhesion or the like. As the base material of the honeycomb core H and the surface plate J, metal, resin, fiber material or the like is used.
And such a honeycomb sandwich panel F is coated with the polyurea resin C. The outer surface of the cell wall K of the honeycomb core H and the outer surface of the surface plate J are coated with a polyurea resin C and reinforced based on their characteristics.

The third layer 3 having such a structure is a backup panel that absorbs elastic deformation of the second layer 2.
First, as described above, the polyurea resin C and the fibers E of the second layer 2 are toughly deformed, stretched, and elastically deformed by capturing the crushed bullet B′. Then, the third layer 3 absorbs such deformation. The third layer 3 holds, holds, and holds the second layer 2.
That is, the honeycomb core H of the honeycomb sandwich panel F of the third layer 3 has, first of all, the characteristics of excellent weight ratio strength, light weight, and excellent compression strength and rigidity in the cell axis direction M. Therefore, the deformation, impact load, and compression load of the second layer 2 described above are buffered, dispersed, and absorbed without displacement.
In addition, as a second step after the first step, when a larger deformation, impact load, or compression load is applied, it is buffered, dispersed, and absorbed by buckling deformation (crush strength deformation).
That is, when a load exceeding the compressive strength is applied from the second layer 2, the honeycomb core H of the core material of the third layer 3 is finely bent and pushed while the cell walls K are continuously inverted due to its characteristics. It is crushed and plastically deforms in the folded state. As a result, the deformation and the like of the second layer 2 are absorbed.
The third layer 3 is as described above.

<Action, etc.>
The bulletproof composite board A of the present invention is configured as described above. Then it becomes as follows.
(1) This bulletproof composite plate A has a three-layer structure including a first layer 1, a second layer 2 and a third layer 3 in order from the front side.

(2) Then, the bullet B hit is first collided with the first layer 1 of the bulletproof composite plate A.
The first layer 1 is made of ceramics coated and reinforced with a polyurea resin C, and absorbs and attenuates the kinetic energy of the bullet B, so that the bullet B is crushed and decelerated while preventing scattering.

(3) The fragments of the bullet B′ crushed and decelerated by the first layer 1 reach the second layer 2 of the bulletproof composite plate A. The second layer 2 is made of polyurea resin C reinforced with fibers E.
Therefore, the crushed fragments of the bullet B′ are further absorbed and attenuated in kinetic energy, and thus trapped in the second layer 2.

(4) The polyurea resin C of the second layer 2 captures the finely crushed fragments of the bullet B′ by toughness deformation, elongation deformation and elastic deformation based on their characteristics, and the fibers E support this. .. In the fiber E, the toughness deformation, elongation deformation, and elastic deformation of the polyurea resin C are maintained as they are.
Further, the fine fragment group of the crushed bullet B'has a total surface area and cross-sectional area increased by crushing as compared with the case of one bullet B, and the kinetic energy is dispersed accordingly and becomes small. .. Therefore, absorption and attenuation of kinetic energy in the second layer 2 are promoted.

(5) As described above, the crushed fragments of the bullet B′ are captured in the second layer 2, but the toughness deformation, elongation deformation, and elastic deformation of the polyurea resin C or the like in the second layer 2 at the time of capturing are not caused. , Absorbed by the third layer 3.

(6) The third layer 3 is composed of a honeycomb sandwich panel F coated and reinforced with a polyurea resin C.
Therefore, as a backup panel, the deformation of the second layer 2 is buffered, dispersed and absorbed by its strength, rigidity and buckling deformation (crash strength deformation) based on the characteristics of the honeycomb core H.

(7) The bulletproof composite board A of the present invention is for armor that exhibits excellent bulletproof performance and prevents enemy bullets by combining the first layer 1, the second layer 2 and the third layer 3 as described above. Used for.

(8) And the bulletproof composite board A of the present invention realizes such bulletproof performance without increasing weight and lowering maneuverability.
When compared with the ballistic composite plate of the prior art in weight comparison, the first layer is almost equivalent, but the second layer is greatly thinned and lightened, and the third layer is made of a honeycomb sandwich panel F characterized by light weight. ..

(9) As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible for the first time to achieve both the anti-ballistic property, the lightness and the mobility. Therefore, a vehicle in which mobility and high-speed mobility are important, for example, a high-speed moving body N shown in FIG.
The operation and the like of the present invention are as described above.

A bulletproof composite board B bullet B'crushed bullet C polyurea resin D ceramics E fiber F honeycomb sandwich panel G honeycomb sandwich panel (sample)
H Honeycomb core J Surface plate K Cell wall L Cell M Cell axial direction N High-speed moving body 1 First layer 2 Second layer 3 Third layer

Claims (2)

A bulletproof composite plate used for bulletproof armor, which has a three-layer structure in which a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer are arranged in order from the front side,
The first layer crushes and slows down bullets, the second layer captures crushed bullets, the third layer absorbs deformation of the second layer,
The first layer is made of ceramics coated with polyurea resin, the second layer is made of fiber-reinforced polyurea resin, and the third layer is honeycomb sandwich panel coated with polyurea resin. Bulletproof composite board characterized by being made of. In Claim 1, the first layer has a hardness that is necessary and sufficient for absorbing and attenuating the movement of a bullet that has come in and collided, and crushing and decelerating while preventing scattering.
The second layer further absorbs and attenuates the movement of the bullet fragments crushed in the first layer and captures them, and the elastic deformation of the polyurea resin accompanying the capture is maintained in the fibers. ,
The third layer has a sandwich structure in which a surface plate is joined to an open end face of a honeycomb core, and absorbs elastic deformation of the second layer based on the characteristics of the honeycomb core. ..

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