JP6591429B2 - マラリアの治療のための化合物及び方法 - Google Patents
マラリアの治療のための化合物及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6591429B2 JP6591429B2 JP2016553266A JP2016553266A JP6591429B2 JP 6591429 B2 JP6591429 B2 JP 6591429B2 JP 2016553266 A JP2016553266 A JP 2016553266A JP 2016553266 A JP2016553266 A JP 2016553266A JP 6591429 B2 JP6591429 B2 JP 6591429B2
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- compound
- malaria
- compounds
- alkyl
- hydrogen
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- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 title claims description 66
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 62
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000006716 (C1-C6) heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000006693 (C2-C9) heterocyclyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004452 carbocyclyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003161 (C1-C6) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
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- FIHJKUPKCHIPAT-AHIGJZGOSA-N artesunate Chemical compound C([C@](OO1)(C)O2)C[C@H]3[C@H](C)CC[C@@H]4[C@@]31[C@@H]2O[C@@H](OC(=O)CCC(O)=O)[C@@H]4C FIHJKUPKCHIPAT-AHIGJZGOSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
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- XQTWDDCIUJNLTR-CVHRZJFOSA-N doxycycline monohydrate Chemical compound O.O=C1C2=C(O)C=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]2C1=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H](N(C)C)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O XQTWDDCIUJNLTR-CVHRZJFOSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- SXYIRMFQILZOAM-HVNFFKDJSA-N dihydroartemisinin methyl ether Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2[C@H](C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H](C)[C@@H](OC)O[C@H]4[C@]32OO[C@@]1(C)O4 SXYIRMFQILZOAM-HVNFFKDJSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 52
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 30
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
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- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012831 stearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008174 sterile solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/02—Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
- A61P33/06—Antimalarials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Description
mは、0又は1であり、
nは、0、1又は2であり、
Aは、CH又はNであり、
Xは、非存在又は−C≡C−であり、
R1は、水素、C1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Yは、C1〜C6アルキレン、−C(O)NR4−;−SO2−又は−C(O)−であり;
R2は、C1〜C6ペルフルオロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10アリールC1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Zは、非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり;
R3は、水素、ヒドロキシル、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり;
R4は、水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;
R5及びR6は、独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル又はC1〜C6アシルであり;
R7は、ヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルである)
であって、前記化合物が、表1の化合物1から30のいずれか1つの構造を有しない、化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩に関する。
mは0又は1であり;
nは0、1又は2であり;
AはCH又はNであり;
Xは非存在又は−C≡C−であり;
R1は水素、C1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
YはC1〜C6アルキレン、−C(O)NR4−;−SO2−又は−C(O)−であり;
R2はC1〜C6ペルフルオロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10アリールC1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Zは非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり;
R3は水素、ヒドロキシル、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり;
R4は水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;
R5及びR6は独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル又はC1〜C6アシルであり;
R7はヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルである)
を有する、治療上有効な量の化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩;及び医薬上許容しうる賦形剤を含む医薬組成物を特徴とする。
mは0又は1であり;
nは0、1又は2であり;
AはCH又はNであり;
Xは非存在又は−C≡C−であり;
R1は水素、C1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
YはC1〜C6アルキレン、−C(O)NR4−;−SO2−又は−C(O)−であり;
R2はC1〜C6ペルフルオロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10アリールC1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Zは非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり;
R3は水素、ヒドロキシル、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり;
R4は水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;
R5及びR6は独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル又はC1〜C6アシルであり;並びに
R7はヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルである)
を有する、有効な量の化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩を対象に投与するステップを含む。
nは0、1、2又は3であり;
Xは単結合、水素、−C≡C−、チアゾリル、ピロリル、ピラゾリル、ピリジニル、−Fで1置換されたフェニル若しくはハロゲンで2置換されたフェニル又は非存在であり;
Yは−CH2−、−C(O)NH−、−S(O)2−、−CH2CH2−、−S(O)2CH2−、−C(O)−又は−C(O)N(CH3)−であり;
R1はピリジニル、シクロプロピル、−CH(CH3)2、−OCH3、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘキセニル、非置換フェニル;−CH3、−OCH3若しくはハロゲンで1置換されたフェニル、ハロゲンで2置換されたフェニル又は非存在であり;
R2は−CF3、シクロヘキシル、ピリジニル、非置換フェニル又は−CH3、−OCH3若しくはハロゲンで置換されたフェニルであり;
R3は水素、−C(O)OH又は−CH2−R4であり;
R4はヒドロキシ、メチルピペラジニル、ヒドロキシメチルピペリジニル、−OCH2C(O)OH、−NH2、−C(O)OH、モルホリニル、−NHC(O)CH3、−NHCH3、−N(CH3)2、ヒドロキシメチルアゼチジニル又は−N(CH3)C(O)CH3である)
による化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩を特徴とするが、ただし、上記化合物は、表1の化合物1から30のいずれか1つではない。
nは0、1、2又は3であり;
Xは単結合、水素、−C≡C−、チアゾリル、ピロリル、ピラゾリル、ピリジニル、−Fで1置換されたフェニル若しくはハロゲンで2置換されたフェニル又は非存在であり;
Yは−CH2−、−C(O)NH−、−S(O)2−、−CH2CH2−、−S(O)2CH2−、−C(O)−又は−C(O)N(CH3)−であり;
R1はピリジニル、シクロプロピル、−CH(CH3)2、−OCH3、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘキセニル、非置換フェニル;−CH3、−OCH3若しくはハロゲンで1置換されたフェニル、ハロゲンで2置換されたフェニル又は非存在であり;
R2は−CF3、シクロヘキシル、ピリジニル、非置換フェニル若しくは−CH3で1置換されたフェニル、−OCH3又はハロゲンであり;
R3は水素、−C(O)OH又は−CH2−R4であり;
R4はヒドロキシ、メチルピペラジニル、ヒドロキシメチルピペリジニル、−OCH2C(O)OH、−NH2、−C(O)OH、モルホリニル、−NHC(O)CH3、−NHCH3、−N(CH3)2、ヒドロキシメチルアゼチジニル又は−N(CH3)C(O)CH3である)
による化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩及び医薬上許容しうる担体を含む、医薬組成物を特徴とする。
nは0、1、2又は3であり;
Xは単結合、水素、−C≡C−、チアゾリル、ピロリル、ピラゾリル、ピリジニル、−Fで1置換されたフェニル若しくはハロゲンで2置換されたフェニル又は非存在であり;
Yは−CH2−、−C(O)NH−、−S(O)2−、−CH2CH2−、−S(O)2CH2−、−C(O)−又は−C(O)N(CH3)−であり;
R1はピリジニル、シクロプロピル、−CH(CH3)2、−OCH3、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘキセニル、非置換フェニル;−CH3、−OCH3若しくはハロゲンで1置換されたフェニル、ハロゲンで2置換されたフェニル又は非存在であり;
R2は−CF3、シクロヘキシル、ピリジニル、非置換フェニル又は−CH3、−OCH3若しくはハロゲンで置換されたフェニル、であり;
R3は水素、−C(O)OH又は−CH2−R4であり;
R4はヒドロキシ、メチルピペラジニル、ヒドロキシメチルピペリジニル、−OCH2C(O)OH、−NH2、−C(O)OH、モルホリニル、−NHC(O)CH3、−NHCH3、−N(CH3)2、ヒドロキシメチルアゼチジニル又は−N(CH3)C(O)CH3である)
による化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩を投与するステップを含む、方法を特徴とする。
本明細書で使用される用語は、特定の実施形態を説明する目的のためであって、制限することは意図されないことを理解すべきである。さらに、本明細書に記述されるものと類似の、又は等価の任意の方法及び材料が、本発明の実施又は試験に使用されうるが、好ましい方法及び材料をここに記述する。
本発明の化合物は、異性体特異的合成、又は異性体混合物からの光学分割のいずれかにより個々の異性体として調製されうる。従来の光学分割(resolution)技術は、光学的に活性な酸を使用して異性体対の各異性体の遊離塩基の塩を形成すること(続いて、遊離塩基の分別再結晶及び再生)、光学的に活性なアミンを使用して異性体対の各異性体の酸形態の塩を形成すること(続いて、遊離酸の分別再結晶及び再生)、光学的に純粋な酸、アミン又はアルコールを使用して異性体対の異性体の各々のエステル又はアミドを形成すること(続いて、クロマトグラフィー分離及び不斉補助基の除去)、又は種々のよく知られているクロマトグラフィー方法を使用して出発材料又は最終生成物のいずれかの異性体混合物を分離することを含む。開示される化合物の立体化学が、構造により名付けられるか又は描かれる場合、名付けられるか又は描かれる立体異性体は、他の立体異性体に比べて、少なくとも60重量%、70重量%、80重量%、90重量%、99重量%又は99.9重量%である。単一の鏡像異性体が、構造により名付けられるか又は描かれる場合、描かれるか又は名付けられる鏡像異性体は、少なくとも60重量%、70重量%、80重量%、90重量%、99重量%又は99.9重量%光学的に純粋である。単一のジアステレオマーが、構造により名付けられるか又は描かれる場合、描かれるか又は名付けられるジアステレオマーは、少なくとも60重量%、70重量%、80重量%、90重量%、99重量%又は99.9重量%純粋である。光学的純度パーセントは、鏡像異性体の重量比、又は鏡像異性体の重量とその光学異性体の重量とにわたる比である。重量によるジアステレオマー性の純度は、1つのジアステレオマーの重量比又は全てのジアステレオマーの重量にわたる比である。開示される化合物の立体化学が、構造により名付けられるか又は描かれる場合、名付けられるか又は描かれる立体異性体は、他の立体異性体に比べて少なくとも60モル%、70モル%、80モル%、90モル%、99モル%又は99.9モル%分率純度である。単一の鏡像異性体が、構造により名付けられるか又は描かれる場合、描かれるか又は名付けられる鏡像異性体は、少なくとも60モル%、70モル%、80モル%、90モル%、99モル%又は99.9モル%分率純度である。単一のジアステレオマーが、構造により名付けられるか又は描かれる場合、描かれるか又は名付けられるジアステレオマーは、少なくとも60モル%、70モル%、80モル%、90モル%、99モル%又は99.9モル%分率純度である。モル分率パーセント純度(Percent purity by mole fraction)は、鏡像異性体のモル比又は鏡像異性体のモルとその光学異性体のモルとにわたる比である。同様に、モルパーセント純度の分画は、ジアステレオマーのモル比又はジアステレオマーのモルとその異性体のモルとにわたる比である。開示される化合物が、立体化学を示すことなく構造により名付けられるか又は描かれ、化合物が、少なくとも1つのキラル中心を有する場合、その名称又は構造は、対応する光学異性体を含まない化合物のいずれかの鏡像異性体を包含し、その化合物又は混合物のラセミ体混合物は、対応する光学異性体に比べて、一方の鏡像異性体で富化されていると理解すべきである。開示される化合物が、立体化学を示すことなく構造により名付けられるか又は描かれ、2つ以上のキラル中心を有する場合、その名称又は構造は、他のジアステレオマーを含まないジアステレオマー、他のジアステレオマー対を含まない多くのジアステレオマー、ジアステレオマーの混合物、ジアステレオマー対の混合物、一方のジアステレオマーが、他方のジアステレオマーに比べて富化されているジアステレオマーの混合物、又は1つ若しくは複数のジアステレオマーが、他方のジアステレオマーに比べて、富化されているジアステレオマーの混合物を包含すると理解すべきである。本発明は、これらの形態全てを包含する。
本明細書で使用される場合、用語 薬剤の「有効量」は、有益又は所望な結果、例えば臨床結果を達成するのに十分な量であり、それ自体「有効量」は、それが使用される内容物に依存する。例えば、抗マラリア剤である薬剤を投与する文脈で、有効量の薬剤は、例えば、1つ又は複数の症候又は状態の緩和又は改善;疾患、障害又は状態の程度(extent)の縮小;疾患、障害又は状態(condition)の安定化(すなわち、悪化していない)状態(state);疾患、障害又は状態の伝播を予防すること(例えば、肝臓を超えたプラスモジウム属感染の伝播を予防すること、全身性疾患を予防すること、マラリアの症候性ステージを予防すること、プラスモジウム属感染の樹立を予防すること及び/又は蚊に戻る伝達を予防することによる疾患のさらなる伝播を予防すること);疾患、障害又は状態の進行を遅延すること又は低減すること;疾患、障害又は状態の改善又は緩和;並びに検出可能又は検出不能にかかわらず、薬剤の投与なしに得られる応答に比べて、寛解(部分的又は総体的にかかわらず)を達成するのに十分な量である。
本発明は、マラリアの治療に有用な新規の化合物及び医薬組成物を提供する。本発明は、これらの化合物及び組成物を使用する方法、並びに関連したキットも提供する。
本明細書に記述される化合物は、本発明の方法に有用であり、なんら特定の理論に結び付けることなく、マラリアを引き起こす寄生性原虫(例えば、P.falciparum、P.vivax、P.ovale、P.malariae及び/又はP.knowlesi)の成長を阻害するか、死滅させるそれらの能力を通してそれらの所望の効果を発揮すると考えられる。いくつかの実施形態では、マラリアの治療としては、原因となる発症予防(prophylaxis)、例えば肝臓を超えるプラスモジウム属感染の伝播を予防すること、全身性疾患を予防すること、マラリアの症候性ステージを予防すること、感染の樹立を予防すること、及び/又はさらなる伝達(例えば、蚊への)を予防することが挙げられる。いくつかの実施形態では、マラリアの治療は、治癒を達成することが意図される治療(例えば、P.vivax又はP.malariaeの)、例えば、根治のための治療(すなわち、肝臓からのヒプノゾイトを取り除くこと)を指す。種々の例では、方法は、肝臓から本明細書に記述されるとおりのマラリアを引き起こす寄生虫の感染の伝播を予防することを含む。
本発明の化合物及び医薬組成物は、調製され、組み合わせ療法で使用されうる、すなわち、その化合物及び医薬組成物は、1つ又は複数の他の望ましい治療学又は医療手段と同時に、の前に、又は次に調製されるか又は投与されうる。組み合わせレジームで使用する療法の特定の組み合わせ(治療学又は手段)は、所望の治療学及び/又は手段の適合性、及び達成される所望の治療効果を考慮する。使用される療法が、同じ障害について所望の効果を達成しうるか、又はそれらが、異なる効果(例えば、任意の副作用の制御)を達成しうることも評価される。
材料及び方法
本発明の化合物は、市販で利用可能な出発材料で開始し、当業者に知られている一般的合成技術及び手段を利用して調製されうる。化学製品は、Aldrich、Argonaut Technologies、VWR及びLancasterなどの会社から購入しうる。クロマトグラフィーの供給品及び装置は、例えば、AnaLogix,Inc、Burlington、Wis.;Biotage AB、Charlottesville、Va.;Analytical Sales and Services,Inc.、Pompton Plains、N.J.;Teledyne Isco、Lincoln、Nebr.;VWR International、Bridgeport、N.J.;Varian Inc.、Palo Alto、Calif.及びMultigram II Mettler Toledo Instrument Newark、Del. Biotage、ISCOのような会社から購入でき、Analogixカラムは、標準クロマトグラフィーで使用される予め包装されたシリカゲルカラムである。
Lowe及び同僚ら(J.Org.Chem.2012、77、7187〜7211頁)の手段を使用して、((8R,9R,10S)−9−(4−ブロモフェニル)−6−((2−ニトロフェニル)スルホニル)−1,6−ジアザビシクロ[6.2.0]デカン−10−イル)メタノールを調製した。
ランタンを、DMF(0.8mL/ランタン)中に懸濁させ、その後チオフェノール(0.033ml、0.320mmol)を、次いで炭酸カリウム(0.066g、0.480mmol)を添加した。ランタンを、65時間、室温で振盪した。ランタンを濾過し、ジクロロメタン、THF、THF/イソプロパノール(3:1)、THF/水(3:1)、DMF、THF/水(3:1)、THF/イソプロパノール(3:1)及びTHFで洗浄した。
ジクロロメタン(0.8mL/ランタン)をランタンに添加し、1−イソシアナト−4−メトキシベンゼン(20当量)を添加した。ランタンを、16時間、室温で振盪した。ランタンを濾過し、ジクロロメタン、THF、THF/イソプロパノール(3:1)、THF/水(3:1)、DMF、THF/水(3:1)、THF/イソプロパノール(3:1)及びTHFで洗浄した。
ランタンをバイアルに入れ、DMF(0.8 mL/lantern)をこのバイアルに添加した。ゴム製隔壁を有するキャップをバイアルに乗せ、バイアルを脱気し、アルゴンでパージした。Pd(PPh3)4(2.0当量)、CuI(3.0当量)、エチニルベンゼン(20当量)及びEt3N(30当量)をバイアルに添加した。ランタンを、振盪機に、5日間35℃で入れた。ランタンをDMF、THF/水(3:1)、THF/イソプロパノール(3:1)及びTHFで2回洗浄した。各構築ブロック(building block)から得た四分の一のランタンを、下記に記述される手段により切断し、HPLCにより分析した。未反応の出発材料が検出された場合、ランタンを、再度、反応条件にかけた。
ランタンをバイアルに取り、安定化THF(350μL/ランタン)中のHF/ピリジンの15%溶液を添加した。2時間後、分割溶液を、TMSOMe(700μL/ランタン)で急冷した。試料を、Genevac(登録商標)溶媒蒸発システムで加熱なしに一夜濃縮した。SiO2クロマトグラフィーを介して精製を完了して、(8R,9R,10S)−10−(ヒドロキシメチル)−N−(4−メトキシフェニル)−9−(4−(フェニルエチニル)フェニル)−1,6−ジアザビシクロ[6.2.0]デカン−6−カルボキサミド(89%収率)を得た。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.50-7.42(m,2H)、7.44-7.34(m,4H)、7.31-7.24(m,3H)、7.17(d,J=8.8Hz,2H)、6.75(d,8.8 2H)、6.05(s,1H)、3.85-3.72(m,1H)、3.70(s,3H)、3.65-3.46(m,5H)、3.46-3.35(m,1H)、3.30-3.15(m,1H)、3.01-2.90(m,1H)、2.86-2.74(m,1H)、2.44-2.29(m,1H)、1.82-1.65(m,2H)、1.64-1.48(m,2H)。MS(ESI)C31H34N3O3[M+H]+の計算値:496.25 実測値:496.48。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.55-7.38(m,5H)、7.30-7.22(m,3H)、7.22-7.12(m,3H)、6.81-6.64(m,2H)、6.05(s,1H)、3.84-3.73(m,1H)、3.69(s,3H)、3.61-3.51(m,2H)、3.50-3.43(m,1H)、3.41-3.36(m,1H)、3.26-3.24(m,2H)、2.97-2.85(m,1H)、2.85-2.76(m,1H)、2.76-2.68(m,1H)、2.33-2.23(m,1H)、1.79-1.65(m,2H)、1.62-1.50(m,2H)。MS(ESI)C31H35N4O2[M+H]+の計算値:495.27、実測値:495.49。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.59-7.42(m,5H)、7.41-7.32(m,3H)、7.30-7.22(m,3H)、6.91-6.77(m,2H)、6.13(s,1H)、3.94-3.82(m,1H)、3.79(s,3H)、3.71-3.43(m,4H)、3.31-3.16(m,1H)、3.12-2.99(m,1H)、2.95-2.80(m,1H)、2.56-2.43(m,2H)、2.40-2.27(m,1H)、2.08(s,6H)、1.91-1.71(m,3H)、1.72-1.55(m,1H)。MS(ESI)C33H39N4O2[M+H]+の計算値:523.299、実測値:523.63。
P.falciparumのDd2株に対して選択された化合物の活性
寄生虫血が3〜8%に達するまで、P.falciparum(マラリア)のDd2株を、完全培地(L−グルタミン、4.3%熱不活化O−陽性ヒト血清、2.08mg/mlアルブマックス(albumax)、0.013mg/mlヒポキサンチン、1.17mg/mlグルコース、0.18%NaHCO3、0.031M Hepes、2.60mM NaOH及び0.043mg/mlゲンタマイシンを有するRPMI)で培養した。ギムザ染色した血液スメアから得られる少なくとも500個の赤血球細胞を検査することにより、寄生虫血症を決定した。A−4−81ローターを有するEppendorf遠心機5810Rを使用して、試験されたO−陽性の赤血球細胞と一緒にDd2培養物を、室温で、2,000rpmで、5分間遠心分離した。培地を吸引した。化合物スクリーニングのために、1%寄生虫血及び1.0%ヘマトクリットでの寄生虫希釈を、スクリーニング培地(L−グルタミン、4.16mg/mlのalbumaxII、0.013mg/mlヒポキサンチン、1.73mg/mlグルコース、0.18%NaHCO3、0.031M Hepes、2.60mM NaOH及び0.043mg/mlゲンタマイシンを有するRPMI)で作った。懸濁液を、93%窒素、4%二酸化炭素及び3%酸素で通気し、必要になるまで37℃に置いた。液体ディスペンサーを使用して、20μlのスクリーニング培地を、384穴の黒色透明底のプレートに分注した。PinToolを用いて、DMSOに溶解した100nlの化合物を、対照化合物(メフロキン)と一緒にアッセイプレートに移した。次に、最終寄生虫血が1%であり、最終ヘマトクリットが1.0%であるように、スクリーニング培地中の30μlの寄生虫懸濁液をアッセイプレートに分注した。DMSOの最終濃度は、0.125%であった。20μMの最終濃度でメフロキン及び0.125%の最終濃度でDMSOをアッセイプレート内で使用して、それぞれ、バックグランド及びベースライン対照として機能させた。そのアッセイプレートを、インキュベーターに移した(37℃での72時間のインキュベーションの間に93%窒素、4%二酸化炭素及び3%酸素)。溶解緩衝液(20mM Tris−HCl、5mM EDTA、0.16%Saponin wt/vol、1.6%TritonX vol/vol)中10× SYBR GreenI(Invitrogen;10,000×濃度で供給される)から10マイクロリットルの検出試薬を、アッセイプレートに分注した。最適な染色のために、アッセイプレートを、室温で、24時間、暗所に放置した。アッセイプレートを、505二色性鏡を有するEnvision(PerkinElmer)リーダーを使用して、485−nm励起及び530−nm発光設定で読み取り、プレート読取は、底部からであった。
選択された化合物のインビボPK/有効性
本発明の所定の化合物についてのインビボ抗マラリア活性を、0日目にP. berghei株ANKA(ml当たり2×107個の寄生赤血球)で静脈に感染させた3〜5匹のメスのNMRIマウス(20〜22mg)の群について評価した。対照マウスでは、寄生虫血は、典型的には感染後3日目までに約40%に上昇し、対照マウスは、感染後の5日目から7日目の間に死滅した。化合物を50mg/kgの投与量で、7%Tween80/3%エタノール中で調製し、毎日3回継続用量(感染後24時間、48時間及び72時間)として経口で投与した。血液スメアを採取し、感染後4日目に染色した。感染の程度(寄生虫血症が、感染赤血球率として表される)を、10,000個の赤血球中1個の寄生虫の検出限界(すなわち、0.01%)で、顕微鏡で決定した。対照と処置群とについての平均寄生虫血症率の間の差として活性を計算し、対照群に比べた率として表した。この方法を用いて、本発明の化合物(8R,9R,10S)−10−(ヒドロキシメチル)−N−(4−メトキシフェニル)−9−(4−(フェニルエチニル)フェニル)−1,6−ジアザビシクロ[6.2.0]デカン−6−カルボキサミド(化合物27)は、寄生虫血を4日目に57%まで減少させた。薬理学分析として、血液試料を、投与後1時間、4時間及び24時間で採取し、直ちに遠心分離し、血漿を分離し、−20°Cで凍結した。LC/MSによる分析の前に、血漿タンパク質を、アセトニトリル(2:1 v/v)の添加により沈殿させた。ブランクの血漿を使用して調製し、試料と同じ方法で加工した検量線との比較により定量を行った。
選択された化合物の単回投与量のインビボ有効性
CD−1マウス(メス、6〜7週齢)に、処置の24時間前に、1×106個のP.berghei(ANKA GFP−luc)血液ステージ寄生虫を静脈内で接種し、0時間目に、化合物を、単回投与量の100又は50mg/kgとして、経口で投与した。寄生虫血を、インビボImaging System(IVIS100、Xenogen;Caliper Life Science)により観察して、生物発光シグナルを獲得した。25%を超える寄生虫血を有するマウスを安楽死させた。
P.bergheiの蚊への伝達の予防
CD−1マウスを、96時間、P.berghei(ANKA GFP−luc)に感染させて、その後ビヒクル[70%PEG400及び30%(H2O中の5%グルコース)]又は単回投与量を増加させて化合物37(0日目)で処置した。0日目の平均寄生虫血症率(%)は、2.1%であった。研究の2日目に、マウスに麻酔をかけ、メスのAnopheles stephensi蚊を、20分間そのマウスで飼育させた。9日目に、蚊の中腸を摘出し、オーシストを、顕微鏡で数え上げた(12.5×倍率、オーシストは、対照で斑点として目視可能、図2、パネルA)。
インビボP.berghei肝臓ステージアッセイ
CD−1マウスに、A.stephensiから新たに摘出した1×105P.berghei(ANKA luc−GFP)スポロゾイトを接種(IV)し、0時間目にビヒクル又は化合物37(25、5.0、1.0又は0.2mg/kg)の単回投与量(PO)ですぐに処置した。トランスジェニック寄生虫から得られる生物発光シグナルを、インビボImaging System(IVIS100、Xenogen;Caliper Life Science)により観察した。
本発明は、特定の実施形態と関連して記述された一方で、さらなる改変をする能力があり、本出願が、一般に、本発明の原理に伴う本発明の任意の変法、使用又は適合を網羅し、本開示からのこのような逸脱が、本発明が属する技術内の既知又は慣行の範囲と共に含まれることが意図され、上に明らかにされた必須の特徴に適用されうることが分かる。
mは、0又は1であり;
nは、0、1又は2であり;
Aは、CH又はNであり;
Xは、非存在又は−C≡C−であり;
R1は、水素、C1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Yは、C1〜C6アルキレン、−C(O)NR4−;−SO2−又は−C(O)−であり;
R2は、C1〜C6ペルフルオロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10アリールC1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Zは、非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり;
R3は、水素、ヒドロキシル、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり;
R4は、水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;
R5及びR6は、独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル又はC1〜C6アシルであり;
R7は、ヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルである)
の表1の化合物1から30のいずれか1つの構造を有しない化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩。
R8及びR9は、独立に水素、ハロゲン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキルである)
を有する、段落1から7のいずれか1つに記載の化合物。
mは0又は1であり;
nは0、1又は2であり;
AはCH又はNであり;
Xは非存在又は−C≡C−であり;
R1は水素,C1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
YはC1〜C6アルキレン、−C(O)NR4−;−SO2−又は−C(O)−であり;
R2はC1〜C6ペルフルオロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10アリールC1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Zは非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり;
R3は水素、ヒドロキシル、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり;
R4は水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;
R5及びR6は独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル又はC1〜C6アシルであり;
R7はヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルである)
を有する、治療上有効な量の化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩;及び医薬上許容しうる賦形剤を含む医薬組成物。
構造:
mは0又は1であり;
nは0、1又は2であり;
AはCH又はNであり;
Xは非存在又は−C≡C−であり;
R1は水素、C1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
YはC1〜C6アルキレン、−C(O)NR4−;−SO2−又は−C(O)−であり;
R2はC1〜C6ペルフルオロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10アリールC1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C10カルボシクリル又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Zは非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり;
R3は水素、ヒドロキシル、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり;
R4は水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;
R5及びR6は独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル又はC1〜C6アシルであり;
R7はヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルである)
を有する、有効量の化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩を対象に投与するステップを含む、方法。
Claims (17)
- 下記構造:
Zは、非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン、又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり、
R3は、水素、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7、又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり、ただし、−ZR 3 は−CH 2 OHではなく、
R4は、水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり、
R5及びR6は、独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル、又はC1〜C6アシルであり、
R7は、ヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり、
R8は、ハロゲン又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキルであり、
R9は、ハロゲン、又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキルである)
を有する、化合物。
- −ZR3は、水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 下記構造:
mは、0又は1であり;
nは、0、1又は2であり;
Aは、CH又はNであり;
Xは、非存在又は−C≡C−であり;
R1は、水素,C1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C3〜C10カルボシクリル、又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Yは、C1〜C6アルキレン、−C(O)NR4−、−SO2−、又は−C(O)−であり;
R2は、C1〜C6ペルフルオロアルキル、C6〜C10アリール、C6〜C10アリールC1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C10カルボシクリル、又はC2〜C9ヘテロアリールであり;
Zは、非存在、C1〜C6アルキレン、又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキレンであり;
R3は、水素、ヒドロキシル、−NR5R6、−C(O)R7、又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルであり;
R4は、水素又はC1〜C6アルキルであり;
R5及びR6は、独立に水素、C1〜C6アルキル、又はC1〜C6アシルであり;
R7は、ヒドロキシル、C1〜C6ヘテロアルキル、又はC2〜C9ヘテロシクリルである)を有する、治療上有効な量の化合物又は医薬上許容しうるその塩と;
医薬上許容しうる賦形剤
とを含む、マラリア治療用の医薬組成物。 - 前記マラリアは薬物耐性マラリアである、請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記薬物耐性マラリアは、クロロキン、キニーネ、ピリメタミン、スルファドキシン、メフロキン、アーテメータ、ルメファントリン、アーテスネート、アモジアキン、ジヒドロアルテミシニン、ピペラキン、プログアニル、ドキシサイクリン、クリンダマイシン、アルテミシニン、アトバコン又はその任意の組み合わせに耐性である、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記マラリアは肝臓ステージのマラリアである、請求項4〜8のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 対象の肝臓が、マラリアを引き起こす寄生虫に感染しており、前記治療が、肝臓から前記感染が伝播することを防ぐ、請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記マラリアは血液ステージのマラリアである、請求項4〜8のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記マラリアは伝達ステージのマラリアである、請求項4〜8のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- R 3 が−NR 5 R 6 である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- oが0である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- pが1である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R 9 がC 1 〜C 6 ヘテロアルキルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R9が、アルコキシ、アルコキシアルキル、アルコキシヘテロシクリル、またはヘテロシクリルから選択されるC1〜C6ヘテロアルキルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
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