JP6480071B1 - Aquaculture equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an aquaculture apparatus that can efficiently utilize a purification action of microorganisms and maintain an environment suitable for fishery breeding for a long period of time. An aquaculture tank is provided with a rearing aquifer 16 in which fish and shellfish are bred, a microorganism purification layer 18 in which microorganisms that purify water live, and a lower water layer 20 in order from the top. 12, supplying the air to the rearing water layer 16 to keep dissolved oxygen in the rearing water layer 16, and the lower water layer 20 by supplying air to the lower water layer 20. The aquaculture apparatus 10 is provided with dissolved oxygen holding means for lower water layer 40 and 48 for holding dissolved oxygen in the layer 20 and water circulating means 30 and 32 for circulating water in the lower water layer 20 to the breeding water layer 16. . [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an aquaculture device for cultivating seafood on land.

  As the world's demand for seafood increases, there is no expectation of an increase in global seafood production due to restrictions due to fishery resource management, etc., and aquaculture will play an important role in the future expansion of seafood demand. It is thought to fulfill. There are two types of aquaculture: sea surface culture and land culture.However, there is a limit to the expansion of sea surface culture due to restrictions on suitable areas for aquaculture, and stable culture is difficult due to the influence of the natural world. It is growing.

  This on-shore aquaculture is carried out in an artificially created environment on land, and the culturing water is circulated and drained while continuously drawing in seawater, etc., and the aquaculture water is purified using a filtration system. However, there is a closed circulation system that circulates in a closed system.

  Conventionally, as a closed-circulation type aquaculture device, for example, an aquaculture tank that accommodates seafood and aquaculture water, a hollow pipe that is hollow and disposed in the aquaculture tank in a substantially vertical direction, and a lower end in the hollow pipe It is arranged on the side and comprises a bubble pump that blows out air. The aquaculture water is aerated by the bubbles blown out from the bubble pump, and the aquaculture water is hollowed out by mixing the bubbles with the aquaculture water in the hollow tube. An aeration device that is raised in the tube and discharged from the upper discharge port, a biodegradation layer that decomposes fish excreta contained in the aquaculture water generated in the aquaculture tank, and the aquaculture water in one direction in the aquaculture tank A circulating flow forming means for forming a circulating flow that circulates and flows to the position where the swirl flow that flows in a direction intersecting the flow direction of the circulating flow formed by the circulating flow forming means is formed. The Deployment apparatus installed, the circulating flow and fish farming apparatus for agitating the entire aquaculture water in aquaculture water tank by the swirling flow has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2002-320427 A

  The aquaculture device described in Patent Document 1 is configured such that water in which air is dissolved is distributed throughout, but air is supplied only to the water layer above the biodegradation layer (microbe purification layer). Therefore, it is considered that the purification action of the microorganism purification layer is not sufficient. In fact, the aquaculture device of Patent Document 1 has not been put into practical use.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide an aquaculture device that can efficiently utilize the action of purifying microorganisms and maintain an environment suitable for fishery breeding over a long period of time.

  The inventors of the present invention have been studying for many years to improve the water purification effect in the closed-circulation aquaculture device. First, a water layer (lower water layer) is provided below the microorganism purification layer, and the microorganism purification layer is provided. We focused on making the water purification effect of water more effective. However, the improvement of the purification effect was not seen so much simply by providing a water layer below the microorganism purification layer.

  Therefore, the present inventors have conducted further research and have found that the purification efficiency of the microbial purification layer is dramatically improved by adopting a structure in which air (oxygen) is sufficiently distributed to the water layer below the microbial purification layer. I found something to do. This dramatic improvement in purification efficiency is that microorganisms can only inhabit only the upper part of the microorganism purification layer and the purification was performed only on the upper part of the microorganism purification layer. This is thought to be due to the fact that inhabiting became possible and purification was efficiently carried out over a wide area above and below the microbial purification layer.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] An aquaculture apparatus comprising a culture tank having a breeding aquifer in which seafood is bred, a microorganism purification layer inhabited by microorganisms that purify water, and a lower aquifer from the top,
The aquaculture tank is
A dissolved oxygen retention means for the breeding aquifer that supplies air to the breeding aquifer and retains dissolved oxygen in the breeding aquifer,
Dissolved oxygen holding means for lower water layer for supplying air to the lower water layer to hold dissolved oxygen in the lower water layer;
Water circulating means for circulating the water of the lower water layer to the breeding water layer;
An aquaculture device characterized by comprising:
[2] The above-mentioned [1], wherein the dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer is disposed in the lower water layer, and includes an air supply means for the lower water layer that directly supplies air to the lower water layer. The aquaculture device described.
[3] Water circulation means
An air lift type circulation means comprising a water circulation pipe having one end disposed in the lower water layer and the rearing water layer or the other end disposed above, and an air supply means for circulation for introducing and pumping air to the water circulation pipe When,
A water circulation pipe in which one end is arranged in the lower water layer and the breeding water layer or the other end is arranged above, and a circulation pump that sucks water from the lower water layer and pumps it to the breeding water layer through the water circulation pipe A pump type circulation means comprising
The dissolved oxygen retention means for the lower water layer is
Air supply means for circulation of the air lift type circulation means;
The aquaculture apparatus according to the above [1] or [2], comprising a circulation pump of the pump type circulation means for sucking the air of the circulation air supply means to the lower water layer.
[4] Water circulation means
A water circulation pipe in which one end is arranged in the lower water layer and the breeding water layer or the other end is arranged above, and a circulation pump that sucks water from the lower water layer and pumps it to the breeding water layer through the water circulation pipe A pump-type circulation means provided;
The dissolved oxygen retention means for the lower water layer is
A water passage that penetrates the microorganism purification layer and communicates with the lower water layer and the breeding water layer;
Any of the above-mentioned [1] to [3], comprising a pump for circulation of the pump type circulation means for sucking the water of the breeding aquifer into the lower aquifer through the water passage Or aquaculture equipment.

[5] The above [3] or [4], wherein the pump-type circulation means is disposed in the center of the culture tank, and the air lift-type circulation means is disposed around the culture tank. Aquaculture equipment.
[6] The aquaculture apparatus according to any one of [3] to [5], wherein the water circulation pipe of the pump-type circulation means includes an air introduction part on the other end side.
[7] The aquaculture apparatus according to any one of [1] to [6], further comprising an air supply unit for the microorganism purification layer below or below the microorganism purification layer.
[8] The above apparatus, further comprising: a filtration tank for filtering a part of the water transferred from the culture tank; and a water return means for returning the water filtered in the filtration tank to the culture tank. 1] to [7].
[9] The water return means has one end disposed in the filtration tank and the other end disposed in the culture tank, and the return that returns the water in the filtration tank to the culture tank via the water return pipe. The aquaculture apparatus as set forth in [8], further comprising a pump for use.
[10] The aquaculture apparatus according to [9], wherein the water return pipe has an air introduction part on the other end side.

  According to the aquaculture apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently utilize the action of purifying microorganisms and maintain an environment suitable for raising fishery products over a long period of time.

It is a schematic side view of the cultivation apparatus concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic plan view of the aquaculture apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the microorganisms purification layer of the aquaculture apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the airlift type circulation means of the aquaculture apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the dissolved oxygen holding means for a lower stage water layer using the water circulation means of the aquaculture apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the water return piping of the water return means of the aquaculture apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  The aquaculture apparatus of the present invention comprises a culture tank having a rearing water layer in which fish and shellfish are bred, a microorganism purification layer inhabited by microorganisms for purifying water, and a lower water layer in order from above, , A means for maintaining the dissolved oxygen in the breeding aquifer by supplying air to the breeding aquifer and a lower aquifer for maintaining the dissolved oxygen in the lower aquifer by supplying air to the lower aquifer A dissolved oxygen holding means, and a water circulation means for circulating the water in the lower water layer to the breeding water layer.

  The aquaculture apparatus of the present invention supplies air to the lower water layer by the dissolved oxygen retaining means for the lower water layer, and the dissolved oxygen in the lower water layer is greater than a predetermined amount (microorganisms can inhabit at least the lower part of the microorganism purification layer). Therefore, microorganisms can live not only in the upper part of the microorganism purification layer but also in the lower part, and water purification can be effectively performed by utilizing the function of the microorganism purification layer to the maximum. In addition, the water in the lower aquifer is circulated to the breeding aquifer, and the water in the breeding aquifer that is rich in oxygen is circulated to the lower aquifer. Sufficiently supplied, microorganisms can inhabit a wide range including the upper and lower parts of the microorganism purification layer, and the function of the microorganism purification layer can be utilized to the maximum.

  The culture device of the present invention includes a culture tank. The aquaculture tank has a breeding water layer, a microorganism purification layer, and a lower water layer as described above, but various functional layers may be provided between the layers. Further, a microorganism purification layer may be further provided below the lower water layer, and the microorganism purification layer and the lower water layer may be repeatedly provided.

  The aquaculture tank contains aquaculture water (hereinafter sometimes referred to as aquaculture water) and seafood to be cultured (hereinafter sometimes referred to as aquaculture fish). It can be set as appropriate depending on the type and amount of fish. For example, a culture tank having a size of about 1 to 15 m in length, about 1 to 15 m in width, and about 1 to 5 m in height can be exemplified.

  The aquaculture water used in the aquaculture apparatus of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can cultivate (culture) cultured fish. Depending on the type of cultivated fish, for example, fresh water, seawater, artificial seawater, etc. Can be used. When using seawater or artificial seawater, the salinity concentration is preferably adjusted to 2.3 to 3.0%, and more preferably adjusted to 2.5 to 2.8%.

  The fish and shellfish to be cultured according to the present invention may be either freshwater fish or shellfish. Specific examples include cues, mahata, shimaji, flounder, hiramasa, flounder, kingfisher, prawn, abalone and the like.

  The breeding aquifer in the aquaculture tank is a layer that is usually positioned at the uppermost level above the microorganism purification layer, and seafood is bred (cultured) in this breeding aquifer.

  Air is supplied to the breeding water layer by the dissolved oxygen holding means for breeding water layer, and the dissolved oxygen in the breeding water layer is held at a predetermined concentration or more (for example, 7.5 ppm or more). The dissolved oxygen retaining means for the breeding aquifer is not particularly limited as long as oxygen (air) can be introduced into the breeding aquifer. For example, an air stone disposed in the breeding aquifer, an air supply pipe, etc. An air supply means for a breeding water layer that directly supplies air to the breeding water layer. In addition, the air supply means arrange | positioned at a breeding water layer means the thing by which the air generation part is arrange | positioned at a breeding water layer (Hereinafter, it is the same about an air supply means.). Further, the dissolved oxygen retaining means for the breeding aquifer may be a means using a water circulation means or a water return means. The means using the water circulation means and the water return means will be described later.

  The microorganism purification layer is a layer located between the breeding water layer and the lower water layer. The thickness of the microorganism purification layer can be appropriately set depending on the application, and is, for example, about 100 mm to 1000 mm, preferably about 200 to 400 mm. The microorganism purification layer is usually provided on a support base such as a legged board.

  The microorganism purification layer is provided with a filter medium in which microorganisms that purify water can live, and examples of the filter medium include coral, shells, charcoal, zeolite, quartz, ceramic balls, and barley stone. For example, a filter medium having a size of about 3 to 20 mm can be used. The microorganism purification layer can be configured by placing the filter medium on a smaller net or by loading a net bag containing the filter medium.

  The microorganisms that inhabit the microorganism purification layer are not particularly limited as long as they are microorganisms that purify water. For example, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and the like that nitrify ammonia contained in residual food and fish and seafood excreta Nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.

  Since the microorganism purification layer is composed of the filter medium as described above, the water in the breeding aquifer moves through the microorganism purification layer to the lower water layer. The aquaculture water is purified by contacting the upper surface and the lower surface of the microorganism purification layer and passing through the microorganism purification layer.

  The microorganism purification layer is preferably provided with air supply means for the microorganism purification layer below or below the microorganism purification layer. Examples of the air supply means for the microorganism purification layer include an air supply pipe. By using this air supply means for the microbial purification layer constantly or regularly, it is possible to blow up residual food and seafood excrement deposited inside and on the upper surface of the microbial purification layer and release them to the breeding aquifer. In addition, clogging of the microorganism purification layer can be prevented and water permeability can be maintained.

  The lower water layer is a layer located below the microorganism purification layer, and the thickness (water depth) is, for example, about 100 mm to 1000 mm, and preferably about 200 to 400 mm. By sufficiently supplying oxygen (air) to the lower water layer, microorganisms below the microorganism purification layer are activated, and the purification action of the entire microorganism purification layer is dramatically improved.

  Air is supplied to the lower water layer by the dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer, so that the dissolved oxygen in the lower water layer is held at a predetermined concentration or higher (for example, at the same level as the breeding water layer). The dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer is not particularly limited as long as oxygen (air) can be introduced into the lower water layer. For example, an air stone disposed in the lower water layer, an air supply pipe, etc. A lower water layer air supply means for supplying air directly to the lower water layer can be mentioned. Further, the dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer may be a means using a water circulation means. The means using the water circulation means will be described later.

  The aquaculture tank of the present invention includes water circulation means for circulating the water in the lower water layer to the breeding water layer. For example, one end of the water circulation means is disposed in the lower water layer and the breeding water layer or above Is provided with a water circulation pipe having the other end disposed therein. Therefore, the culture water circulates from the breeding water layer to the lower water tank through the microorganism purification layer and from the lower water tank to the breeding water layer, thereby effectively purifying the water in the culture tank.

  As the water circulation means in the present invention, specifically, water lift circulation means including water circulation pipes and circulation air supply means for introducing and pumping water to the water circulation pipes, water circulation pipes, and water in the lower water layer are used. A pump-type circulation means having a circulation pump that sucks and pumps water to the breeding aquifer through a water circulation pipe can be mentioned. One or a plurality of these water circulation means can be provided alone or in combination. In addition, when using pump type circulation means and air lift type circulation means, the pump type circulation means may be arranged at the center of the culture tank, and the air lift type circulation means may be arranged around the culture tank. preferable. Thereby, the water circulation means can be used more effectively as the dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer.

  As described above, the air lift type circulation means includes the circulation air supply means, and forms a flow of rising water in the water circulation pipe by the lift action of the air introduced into the water circulation pipe. The water in the lower tier is circulated to the breeding aquifer. Since this air lift type circulation means can supply water mixed with air to the breeding aquifer, it also functions as a dissolved oxygen holding means for the breeding aquifer. Examples of the air supply means for circulation include air stones provided in the water circulation pipe.

  The pump-type circulation means is equipped with a circulation pump that sucks water from the lower water layer and pumps it to the breeding water layer through the water circulation pipe, and sucks and pumps water from the lower water layer by the circulation pump. , Circulate the water in the lower water layer to the breeding water layer. Examples of the circulation pump include a submersible pump provided in the lower water layer and a jet pump provided outside the culture tank.

  When using a pump-type circulation means, it is preferable to provide an air introduction part on the other end side (bred water layer side) of the water circulation pipe. That is, when circulating the water in the lower water layer to the breeding water layer through the water circulation pipe, the pump-type circulation means can function as the dissolved oxygen holding means for the breeding water layer by mixing air. The introduction of air may be a mechanical air introduction method using an air pump or the like, or a non-mechanical air introduction method utilizing suction by a water flow.

  As described above, a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen can be maintained in the breeding water layer by using the dissolved oxygen holding means for breeding water layer using the water circulation means. Moreover, by mixing air in the aquaculture water and circulating it, a large number of large and small foams are generated and floated on the surface of the breeding water layer. The foam floating on the surface of the water can capture the residual food and seafood excrement that cause ammonia generation. By collecting and removing the foam, the cause of ammonia generation can be easily and quickly removed. be able to. For example, by allowing the frame-like floating body to float near the drainage port to the filtration tank of the culture tank, the foam is collected in the frame, and the foam in the frame can be removed.

  In the aquaculture apparatus of the present invention, it is important to sufficiently supply air to the lower water layer to keep the dissolved oxygen in the lower water layer at a predetermined concentration or higher. As the dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer for holding air in such a lower water layer, a means using a water circulation means is preferable.

  That is, as one embodiment of the dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer, circulation of the circulating air supply means of the air lift type circulation means and the circulation of the pump type circulation means for sucking the air of the circulation air supply means to the lower water layer And a pump. Further, as another embodiment of the dissolved oxygen retention means for the lower water layer, a water passage that penetrates the microorganism purification layer and communicates the lower water layer and the breeding water layer, and the water of the breeding water layer through the water channel And a circulation pump of a pump type circulation means for sucking into the lower water layer. These dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer are preferably used in combination.

  The aquaculture apparatus of the present invention includes, in addition to the aquaculture tank, a filtration tank that filters some of the water transferred from the aquaculture tank, and a water return means that returns the water filtered by the filtration tank to the aquaculture tank. It is preferable.

  A filtration tank is a tank which filters the water (for example, the water overflowed from the culture tank) transferred from a culture tank, and is equipped with a well-known filtration means. In this filtration tank, mainly residual food, fish and seafood excrement, etc. transferred together with the foam in the breeding aquifer are removed. Examples of the filtering means include a filtration mat. The shape, size, and number of filtration tanks can be appropriately set according to the size of the culture tank.

  The water return means includes a water return pipe having one end arranged in the filtration tank and the other end arranged in the culture tank, and a return pump for returning the water in the filter tank to the culture tank via the water return pipe. It is preferable to have. Examples of the return pump include a submersible pump provided in the filtration tank and a jet pump provided outside the filtration tank.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the water return pipe of the water return means is provided with an air introduction part on the other end side (culture tank side). That is, when the water in the filtration tank is returned to the culture tank via the water return pipe, the water return means can function as the dissolved oxygen holding means for the breeding water layer by mixing air. The introduction of air may be a mechanical air introduction method using an air pump or the like, or a non-mechanical air introduction method utilizing suction by a water flow.

  Hereinafter, the aquaculture apparatus of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a culture apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the culture apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the microorganisms purification layer of the culture apparatus which concerns on embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the air lift type circulation means of the aquaculture apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is for the lower water layer using the water circulation means of the culture apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of a dissolved oxygen holding means, FIG. 6 is explanatory drawing of the water return piping of the water return means of the aquaculture apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a culture device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a culture tank 12 and a filtration tank 14 that communicates with the culture tank 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the aquaculture tank 12 is a rectangular tank in plan view with an upper part opened, and, for example, 50 t of aquaculture water is accommodated therein.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the aquaculture tank 12 has a rearing water layer 16 where cultured fish are bred, a microbial purification layer 18 where microorganisms that purify water live, and a lower water layer 20 in order from the top. ing.

  The breeding water layer 16 is a water layer in which fish and shellfish to be cultivated such as cues are bred, and is located in the uppermost stage of the cultivation tank 12. The thickness (water depth) is, for example, about 1 to 2 m.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the microorganism purification layer 18 is a layer located between the breeding water layer 16 and the lower water layer 20, and has a mesh opening of 0.5 to 3 mm on the grid-like board 22 with legs. A net 24 of about a level is placed, and a filter medium 26 having a size of about 3 to 20 mm is arranged thereon so that water can be passed therethrough. On the net 24, an air pipe 28 as an air supply means for the microorganism purification layer is provided over the entire microorganism purification layer. The thickness of the microorganism purification layer 18 (the thickness of the filter medium 26) is about 200 to 400 mm.

  In the microorganism purification layer 18, ammonia generated from residual feed and excrement is decomposed (nitrified). Further, residual food and excrement deposited on and inside the microorganism purification layer 18 are periodically blown up by the air of the air pipe 28, thereby preventing the microorganism purification layer 18 from being clogged and maintaining water permeability. .

  The lower water layer 20 is a layer located below the microorganism purification layer 18, and its thickness (water depth) is about 150 to 400 mm.

  In the aquaculture tank 12, the water in the lower water layer 20 is configured to be circulated to the breeding water layer 16 through the water circulation pipes 30 and 32 of the water circulation means. In the present embodiment, as such water circulation means, air lift type circulation means 34 (in FIG. 2, along the inner surface of the aquaculture tank 12, four vertically and two each on the left and right, a total of 10), Pump type circulation means 36 (one in the center in FIG. 2) is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 4, one end (lower end) of the air lift type circulation means 34 is disposed in the lower water layer 20, and the other end (upper end) is disposed above the breeding water layer 16. A water circulation pipe 30 whose part faces the inside of the culture tank 12 is provided. An air stone 40 connected to an external air pump 38 is provided below the water circulation pipe 30. As the air generated by the air stone 40 rises, the aquaculture water in the lower water layer 20 is taken into the water circulation pipe 30 and rises in the water circulation pipe 30, and the aquaculture water mixed with the air is the breeding water layer 16. Circulated within. Therefore, a large amount of air is mixed with the aquaculture water of the breeding water layer 16, and the dissolved oxygen in the breeding water layer 16 can be maintained at a predetermined concentration or more.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, as for the pump type circulation means 36 provided in the center part of the culture tank 12, one end (lower end) is arrange | positioned at the lower water layer 20, and the other end (upper end) is breeding water. A water circulation pipe 32 disposed in the layer 16 and a water absorption pump 42 that sucks the cultured water in the lower water layer 20 and pumps it up to the breeding water layer 16 are provided. The breeding water layer 16 side of the water circulation pipe 32 is branched, and water is discharged from four directions through four water outlets 44. In addition, an air introduction part 46 is provided in the vicinity of each water outlet 44 of the water circulation pipe 32, and outside air (air) is drawn from the air introduction part 46 and mixed with water into the breeding water layer 16. Released. Therefore, a large amount of air can be mixed into the aquaculture water of the breeding water layer 16 also by this pump type circulation means 36.

  The pump-type circulation means 36 is surrounded by a frame (in this embodiment, a square in plan view) that extends from above the legged grid board 22 to above the water surface of the breeding water layer 16. As a result, water can be drawn from the peripheral part farther from the pump type circulation means 36.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the water absorption pump 42 of the pump type circulation means 36 sucks the air released from the air stone 40 of the air lift type circulation means 34 into the lower water layer 20, thereby The dissolved oxygen concentration in the lower water layer 20 is increased (dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer).

1, 2, and 5, there are four water passages 48 that pass through the microorganism purification layer 18 and communicate with the breeding water layer 16 and the lower water layer 20 in the vicinity of the pump type circulation means 36. One is provided. The water absorption pump 42 of the pump type circulation means 36 directly draws the aquaculture water of the breeding water layer 16 rich in dissolved oxygen from the water passage 48 into the lower water layer 20 (without going through the microorganism purification layer 18), thereby The dissolved oxygen concentration in the lower water layer 20 is increased (dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer).
Thus, in the culture tank 12, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the lower water layer 20 is raised using the water circulation means (the air lift type circulation means 34, the pump type circulation means 36).

  Moreover, the culture apparatus 10 is equipped with the filtration tank 14 as mentioned above. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cutout portion 50 is formed in a part of the upper portion of the side wall of the culture tank 12, and an overflow pipe for guiding the culture water to the filtration tank 14 is formed in the cutout portion 50. 52 is provided.

  In the filtration tank 14, a first filtration tank 14 a having a filtration mat 54 disposed thereon and a second filtration tank 14 b having a water absorption pump 56 and a water return pipe 58 are provided with a central wall 60 therebetween. . The first filtration tank 14 a and the second filtration tank 14 b communicate with each other through a water passage 62 provided in the central portion of the central wall 60.

  In the filtration tank 14, when the aquaculture water sent from the aquaculture tank 12 passes through the filtration mat 54 of the first filtration tank 14a, most of the residual food and excrement contained in the aquaculture water are filtered. At the same time, smaller remaining bait and the like that have not been captured by the filter mat 54 are deposited at the bottom of the first filtration tank 14a. The aquaculture water accumulated in the first filtration tank 14a is sent to the second filtration tank 14b from the water inlet 62, and then the breeding water in the aquaculture tank 12 through the water return pipe 58 by the water absorption pump 56 of the second filtration tank 14b. Returned to the layer 16 (water return means).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the water return pipe 58 has one end disposed in the second filtration tank 14b and the other end disposed in the aquaculture tank 12 (breeding water layer 16). An air introduction part 66 is provided in the vicinity of the water outlet 64 of the water return pipe 58, outside air (air) is drawn from the air introduction part 66, mixed with water, and discharged into the breeding water layer 16. The Therefore, even with the water return pipe 58 as the water return means, it is possible to increase the dissolved oxygen concentration by mixing a large amount of air into the aquaculture water of the breeding water layer 16.

Then, operation | movement of the culture apparatus 10 demonstrated above is demonstrated.
In the aquaculture tank 12, the aquaculture water in the breeding water layer 16 passes through the microorganism purification layer 18 and is transferred to the lower water layer 20, and also passes through the water passage 48 provided in the vicinity of the center to directly lower the lower water. Transferred to layer 20.

  The aquaculture water reaching the lower water layer 20 is returned to the breeding water layer 16 by a water circulation pipe 30 arranged around the culture tank 12 and a water circulation pipe 32 arranged in the center. At this time, the air returned to the breeding water layer 16 is mixed with air by the air stone 40 of the water circulation pipe 30 or the air introduction part 46 of the water circulation pipe 32. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding water layer 16 can be increased and maintained at a predetermined concentration or higher.

  On the other hand, in the lower water layer 20, air drawn to the lower water layer 20 from the air stone 40 of the water circulation pipe 30 by the water absorption pump 42, or dissolved oxygen drawn to the lower water layer 20 through the water passage 48 by the water absorption pump 42. The dissolved oxygen concentration can be kept high by the culture water of the breeding water layer 16 having a high concentration. Therefore, the microbial purification layer 18 can be supplied with air (oxygen) from below, and the microbial purification range of the microbial purification tank 18 and the activity thereof can be enhanced and the cultured water can be purified effectively.

  A part of the aquaculture water in the aquaculture tank 12 overflows and is transferred to the filtration tank 14. Residual baits, excrement, and the like captured by the foam on the water surface generated by the air mixing by the air stone 40 and the air introduction unit 46 are conveyed to the filtration tank 14. This residual food, excrement, etc. are filtered with the filter mat 54 of the first filter tank 14a. In addition, small residual food, excrement and the like that are not filtered by the filter mat 54 are deposited at the bottom of the first filtration tank 14a. By periodically changing the filter mat 54 and removing the precipitate in the first filter tank 14a, the water can be kept clean.

  The aquaculture water transferred to the second filtration tank 14b is returned to the breeding water layer 16 by the water absorption pump 56 through the water return pipe 58 in a state where the air in the air introduction part 66 is mixed. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the breeding water layer 16 of the culture tank 12 is also increased by returning from the filtration tank 14.

  As described above, in the aquaculture apparatus 10, the aquaculture water is returned to the breeding water layer 16 in a state where air is mixed from the water circulation pipes 30 and 32 and the water return pipe 58. A sufficient amount of air (oxygen) is supplied, and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the breeding water layer 16 is maintained high.

  In addition, in the lower water layer 20, a part of the air from the air stone 40 is introduced, and the aquaculture water of the breeding water layer 16 having a high dissolved oxygen concentration is actively introduced through the water channel 48. The amount of dissolved oxygen in 20 is kept high. Therefore, the microbial purification layer 18 can be supplied with air (oxygen) from below, and the microbial purification range of the microbial purification tank 18 and the activity thereof can be enhanced and the cultured water can be purified effectively.

  The present inventors are actually cultivating cues and the like using the same device as the aquaculture device 10, but without the cultured fish getting sick and without changing the aquaculture water for a long time, We are farming. In addition, since the dissolved oxygen concentration in the breeding aquifer is high, the cultured fish does not become deficient in oxygen during the sowing, and the cultured fish can eat a large amount of food. Then grow up quickly and big. Furthermore, since the apparatus can be configured without using complicated equipment, the running cost such as the initial cost for facility maintenance and the electricity usage fee is much lower than that of the conventional apparatus.

  The aquaculture apparatus of the present invention is industrially useful because it can cultivate seafood on land.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Aquaculture apparatus 12 Culture tank 14 Filtration tank 14a 1st filtration tank 14b 2nd filtration tank 16 Breeding water layer 18 Microbial purification layer 20 Lower stage water layer 22 Grid board 24 Net 26 Filter material 28 Air pipe 30 Water circulation piping 32 Water circulation piping 34 Air Lift type circulation means 36 Pump type circulation means 38 Air pump 40 Air stone 42 Water absorption pump 44 Water outlet 46 Air introduction part 48 Water passage 50 Notch 52 Overflow pipe 54 Filtration mat 56 Water absorption pump 58 Water return pipe 60 Central wall 62 Through Water outlet 64 Water outlet 66 Air introduction part

Claims (8)

A culture apparatus comprising a culture tank having a breeding aquifer in which seafood is bred, a microorganism purification layer inhabited by microorganisms that purify water, and a lower aquifer from the top,
The aquaculture tank is
A dissolved oxygen retention means for the breeding aquifer that supplies air to the breeding aquifer and retains dissolved oxygen in the breeding aquifer,
Dissolved oxygen holding means for lower water layer for supplying air to the lower water layer to hold dissolved oxygen in the lower water layer;
Water circulating means for circulating the water of the lower water layer to the breeding water layer;
Equipped with a,
The water circulation means is
An air lift type circulation means comprising a water circulation pipe having one end disposed in the lower water layer and the rearing water layer or the other end disposed above, and an air supply means for circulation for introducing and pumping air to the water circulation pipe When,
A water circulation pipe in which one end is arranged in the lower water layer and the breeding water layer or the other end is arranged above, and a circulation pump that sucks water from the lower water layer and pumps it to the breeding water layer through the water circulation pipe A pump type circulation means comprising
The dissolved oxygen retaining means for the lower water layer,
Air supply means for circulation of the air lift type circulation means;
An aquaculture apparatus comprising: a circulation pump of the pump-type circulation means for sucking air from the circulation air supply means to a lower water layer .   The aquaculture apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dissolved oxygen holding means for the lower water layer is disposed in the lower water layer, and comprises an air supply means for the lower water layer that directly supplies air to the lower water layer. . The aquaculture apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the pump-type circulation means is arranged at the center of the culture tank, and the air lift-type circulation means is arranged around the culture tank. The aquaculture apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the water circulation pipe of the pump-type circulation means includes an air introduction part on the other end side. The aquaculture apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising an air supply means for the microorganism purification layer below or below the microorganism purification layer. Further, according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a filtration tank for filtering a portion of the water is transferred from the farming tank, a water return means for returning the water was filtered with the filtering tank aquaculture tank An aquaculture device according to any one of the above. The water return means has a water return pipe having one end arranged in the filtration tank and the other end arranged in the culture tank, and a return pump for returning the water in the filtration tank to the culture tank via the water return pipe. The aquaculture apparatus according to claim 6 , comprising: 8. The aquaculture apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the water return pipe has an air introduction part on the other end side.

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