JP6357562B2 - Non-contact charger - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a non-contact charging device for a vehicle for charging a storage battery by receiving electric power fed from a feeding coil in a non-contact manner by a receiving coil.

  In Patent Document 1, when performing non-contact charging, the leakage magnetic flux is detected based on the relative positional relationship between the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil ([0123] of Patent Document 1). The electronic device to which the power receiving coil is fixed, for example, a cooker (same as [0004]) is notified through a misalignment display unit so as to shift the position (same as [0131]). As a result, the power transmission efficiency is high. A charging system is disclosed in which the electronic device can be charged at a position (same as [0125]).

  As described above, in non-contact charging, it is known that a leakage magnetic flux is generated when the position of the power feeding unit including the power feeding coil and the power receiving unit including the power receiving coil shifts. As the power supplied from the power supply unit increases, the leakage magnetic flux increases.

JP 2009-89465 A

  Regarding leakage flux, etc., the electromagnetic field strength (leakage magnetic field strength and leakage electric field strength) that does not affect the human body is defined in the ICNIRP (International Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Commission) guidelines.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problems and knowledge, and in the case where there is a relative positional deviation between the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil related to non-contact transmission, the external is not affected. It aims at providing the non-contact charging device for vehicles which makes it possible to continue charge.

The non-contact charging device for a vehicle according to the present invention is the non-contact charging device for a vehicle that receives the power from the power feeding coil in a non-contact manner by the power receiving coil and charges the storage battery with the power, and the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil Based on the detected relative position and the relative position detection unit for detecting the relative position with respect to each center, the feeding power from the feeding coil is varied so that the leakage electromagnetic field intensity from the feeding coil is within a predetermined value , and a feeding power changing unit to set the feeding power changing unit, to the relative position detected by the relative position detecting unit before the start of charging, the relative position detected by the relative position detection unit after the start of charging If the shift amount is increased, characterized by interrupting the power supply.

According to the present invention, when the relative position between the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil is detected, and the relative position detected before the start of charging is larger than the relative position detected after the start of charging. Since power supply is interrupted, charging can be continued while avoiding that the leakage electromagnetic field intensity exceeds an amount that does not affect the outside.

Further, the non-contact charging device for a vehicle according to the present invention is the non-contact charging device for a vehicle that receives the electric power from the feeding coil in a non-contact manner by the receiving coil and charges the electric power to the storage battery. Based on the detected relative position and the relative position detector that detects the relative position with respect to each center of the power receiving coil, the power feeding power from the power feeding coil can be varied so that the leakage electromagnetic field strength from the power feeding coil is within a predetermined value. and, and a power supply power changing unit to set the feeding power changing unit, when the positional deviation of the relative position in the previous detection and the current detection is increased, characterized by interrupting the power supply.

According to the present invention, since the relative position between the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil is detected and the relative position shift amount between the previous detection and the current detection increases, the power feeding is interrupted. Charging can be continued while avoiding that the field strength exceeds an amount that does not affect the outside.

In this case, the power supply variable unit may resume power supply based on the result of the relative position detected by the relative position detection unit after interruption of power supply.

According to such a configuration, since the power supply is restarted based on the result of the relative position detected by the relative position detection unit, the amount of the leakage electromagnetic field intensity that does not affect the outside more reliably, Charging can be resumed.

According to the present invention, the relative position between the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil is detected, and power feeding is interrupted when the relative position shift amount becomes large before the start of charging and after the start of charging. Since the power supply is interrupted when the relative position shift amount at the detection becomes large this time, it is possible to continue charging while avoiding that the leakage electromagnetic field strength exceeds the amount that does not affect the outside. The effect of being able to be achieved is achieved.

  Therefore, there is no need to take measures to physically limit the approach of a person in a leakage electromagnetic field by surrounding the vehicle with a fence or the like during charging.

It is a schematic block diagram of the non-contact charging system which consists of an electric vehicle carrying the non-contact charging device which concerns on this embodiment, and an external electric power feeder. It is a simple equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact charging system. It is explanatory drawing of the feed power variable characteristic which the feed power variable part has memorize | stored. It is front view explanatory drawing of a non-contact charging system. It is plane view explanatory drawing of a non-contact charging system. 6A is a change characteristic diagram of the leakage magnetic field strength with respect to the feeding power, and FIG. 6B is a change characteristic diagram of the leakage magnetic field strength with respect to the positional deviation amount. 7A and 7B are a plan view explanatory view and a side view explanatory view of a three-dimensional distance between the center of the power feeding coil and the center of the power receiving coil, respectively. FIG. 8A is an explanatory diagram of allowable power characteristics when the distance in the vertical direction is relatively small, and FIG. 8B is an explanatory diagram of allowable power characteristics when the distance in the vertical direction is relatively large. It is a flowchart with which it uses for operation | movement description of 1st Example of the non-contact charging device which concerns on this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between received power and relative distance at the time of generating a regular weak power from a known feeding coil. It is a change explanatory drawing of the allowable electric power in the case of continuing charging within the range of the allowable amount of the leakage electromagnetic field strength when a positional deviation occurs before and after the start of charging. It is a flowchart with which operation | movement description of 2nd Example of the non-contact charging device which concerns on this embodiment is provided. It is a flowchart with which it uses for operation | movement description of 3rd Example of the non-contact charging device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a flowchart with which operation | movement description of the 4th Example of the non-contact charging device which concerns on this embodiment is provided.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a non-contact charging apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 includes an electric vehicle 11 including a non-contact charging device 10 according to this embodiment, and an external power supply device 14 that charges a storage battery 12 such as a lithium ion battery mounted on the electric vehicle 11 in a non-contact manner. The schematic block diagram of the non-contact charging system 20 is shown. In FIG. 1, the electric power vehicle 11 whose upper side component of the two-dot chain line is the secondary side (vehicle side) is shown, and the external power feeding device 14 whose lower side component is the primary side (power feeding side). Yes.

  FIG. 2 is a simplified equivalent circuit diagram of the non-contact charging system 20 shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the magnetic resonance method is described as an example of the non-contact power transmission method, but the present invention can be applied to non-contact charging using electromagnetic induction in addition to the magnetic resonance method.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the external power supply device 14 that is the primary side (power supply side) basically includes a power supply circuit 16 and an external control device 26.

  The power feeding circuit 16 includes an AC power supply device AC 200 [V] (primary voltage V1 = 200 [V]), a converter / inverter block 28, a resonance primary capacitor C1, and a power feeding coil (primary coil) L1. And a primary side (feeding side) feeding antenna (power transmission antenna) 30. The feeding coil L1 is embedded or arranged so that, for example, the surface is flush with the ground or the height from the ground is equal to or less than a predetermined height.

  In the case where the power supply coil L1 is embedded near the ground, a power supply position indicator (charging position indicator) corresponding to the outer contour of the power supply coil L1 is drawn at the embedded position of the power supply coil L1. For example, if the feeding coil L1 is a flat round coil, a circular feeding position indicator is drawn. If the feeding coil L1 is a flat quadrangular prism type solenoid coil, a rectangular feeding position sign is drawn.

  The external control device 26 uses the AC power of the AC power supply device 22 as the feed power P1 {P1 = V1 × I1, V1: primary voltage (feed voltage) that is an AC voltage, I1: primary current (feed current) that is an AC current. )} And the drive control of the converter / inverter block 28 (on / off and variable duty control). A communication device 32 is connected to the external control device 26.

  On the other hand, the electric vehicle 11 basically includes, in addition to the storage battery 12, a power reception circuit 40 on the secondary side (power reception side, load side), a control device 42 that controls charging from the power supply circuit 16 to the storage battery 12, And a vehicle propulsion unit 54. The control device 42 may be divided into a storage battery control device, a so-called storage battery ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and a charge control device ECU that controls the entire contactless charging system 20.

  The power receiving circuit 40 is composed of a power receiving antenna (power receiving side antenna, receiving antenna) 50 (see FIG. 2) including a resonance secondary capacitor C2 and a power receiving coil (secondary coil) L2, and AC power received by the power receiving coil L2. It comprises a rectifier 52 (see FIG. 1) that rectifies certain received power (load power) P2. The received power P2 supplied to the load R is represented by the product of the received voltage (secondary voltage) V2 that is the output voltage of the power receiving circuit 40 and the charging current I2 that is the output current of the power receiving circuit 40 and is the secondary current. (P2 = V2 × I2), which is detected by the control device 42. The power receiving coil L <b> 2 is disposed, for example, at the bottom below the trunk of the electric vehicle 11.

  A vehicle propulsion unit 54 controlled by a vehicle propulsion control device (not shown) is connected to the storage battery 12. The vehicle propulsion unit 54 converts the voltage (storage battery voltage) Vb of the storage battery 12 into alternating current, a motor generator 58 for vehicle propulsion driven by the inverter 56, and the rotational force of the motor generator 58 as driving wheels. The transmission 62 is transmitted to the transmission 60. Since the present invention is intended for non-contact power transmission from the external power supply circuit 16 when the electric vehicle 11 is stopped or parked, a detailed description of the configuration and operation of the vehicle propulsion unit 54 is omitted.

  The electric vehicle 11 according to the present invention can be charged by external power in an electric vehicle that runs only with the storage battery 12, a so-called EV, a hybrid vehicle including an engine, a range extender vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle including a fuel cell, and the like. Vehicles are targeted.

  The non-contact charging device 10 includes a control device 42. In addition to the storage battery 12 and the power receiving antenna 50 (power receiving coil L2), the control device 42 is connected to a communication device 68 that performs wireless communication with the communication device 32 of the external control device 26.

  The control device 42 and the external control device 26 are each configured by an ECU. The ECU is a computer including a microcomputer, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (including EEPROM) as a memory, a RAM (Random Access Memory), an A / D converter, a D / A converter, etc. Input / output device, a timer as a time measuring unit, etc., and when the CPU reads and executes a program recorded in the ROM, various function realization units (function realization means), for example, a control unit, a calculation unit, It functions as a processing unit.

  In this embodiment, the external control device 26 constituting the external power supply device 14 includes an inverter drive unit 72 that controls the converter / inverter block 28 for PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), which is duty control, and a primary current I1. Functions as a power supply current detection unit 73 that detects the primary voltage V1, a power supply voltage detection unit 74 that detects the primary voltage V1, and the like. The external control device 26 includes a power supply parameter storage unit 75 that stores types (types A, B, C, etc., which will be described later) according to the characteristics of the power supply coil L1 and the specifications of the external power supply device 14.

  On the other hand, the control device 42 constituting the non-contact charging device 10 has a relative position (distance R and positional deviation amount Rs: distance R and positional deviation amount Rs will be described later) with respect to the centers of the feeding coil L1 and the receiving coil L2. ), A storage battery voltage detection unit 82 for detecting the voltage (storage battery voltage) Vb of the storage battery 12, and a charging current detection unit 83 for detecting a charging current (receiving current, charging current) I2 flowing into the rectifier 52. The received voltage detector 84 detects the secondary voltage as the received voltage (load voltage) V2, and calculates the received power P2 (P2 = I2 × V2) from the detected charging current I2 and the received voltage V2. Depending on the specifications of the received power calculating unit 85, the supplied power calculating unit 86, the charging efficiency calculating unit 87, the supplied power variable unit 88, and the power receiving circuit 40, or the receiving coil L2 Turns, shape, functions as a power receiving parameter storage unit 89 for storing the characteristics and the like.

  The feed power variable unit 88 stores a feed power variable characteristic 100 shown in FIG. The variable feed power characteristic 100 is a permissible feed power characteristic that sets (calculates) a permissible feed power Pp corresponding to the positional deviation amount Rs corresponding to the type of the external power supply device 14 (feed side), for example, the types A, B, and C. (Allowable power characteristics) It is changed by selecting a correspondence map (correspondence table) of Pa, Pb, and Pc. A specific example of the allowable power supply characteristic (allowable power characteristic) Pa will be described later.

  Note that the allowable power characteristics Pa, Pb, and Pc are the mutual characteristics of the feeding coil L1 and the receiving coil L2 [coil shape (round or square), coil inductance, resonance frequency, number of turns, coil diameter, etc. The power receiving parameter] can also be obtained by comparison.

  When determining the allowable power supply power Pp, as shown in the front view explanatory view of FIG. 4 and the plan view explanatory view of FIG. 5 as an example, the vehicle interior space above the floor portion 102 of the electric vehicle 11 ( 4) and in the region where the human body located in the outside vehicle space (see FIGS. 4 and 5) from both side surfaces 104 and 106 of the electric vehicle 11 may be exposed to the leakage electromagnetic field, the horizontal direction 112 114 (not shown in FIG. 5), and within a predetermined range in the vertical direction 116 (FIG. 4), a leakage electromagnetic field from the feeding coil L1 represented by a round coil is, for example, , Determined to be within the regulation value of the ICNIRP guidelines.

  4 and 5, the leakage electromagnetic field is represented by a broken-line circle. Note that, for example, the leakage magnetic field strength [A / m] with respect to the power supply power P1 increases linearly as the power supply power P1 increases as shown by the characteristic 130 in FIG. 6A. As shown in the characteristic 132 of FIG. 6B, the leakage magnetic field strength [A / m] with respect to the positional deviation amount Rs increases rapidly when the positional deviation amount Rs is small, and increases when the positional deviation amount Rs is large. Increasing so that a large amount of change is reduced. In the examples of FIGS. 6A and 6B, the positional deviation amount Rs is obtained when the centers of the feeding coil L1 and the receiving coil L2 coincide (the central axes coincide) (when the leakage electromagnetic field strength is the smallest). The positional deviation amount Rs is set to a zero value.

  In the case of a round coil, the center axis means the axis that passes through the center of a circle that forms a round ring and passes vertically, and in the case of a square coil, passes through the center of a rectangular parallelepiped. Means an axis parallel to the direction of the magnetic path. The coincidence of central axes means that both central axes coincide with each other in a round coil, and that both central axes coincide with each other in a plan view in a rectangular coil.

  The allowable power supply power Pp need not be defined for both the electric field and the magnetic field, and may be defined using a value that is stricter with respect to the positional deviation amount Rs.

As shown in the plan view explanatory view of FIG. 7A and the side view explanatory view of FIG. 7B, the allowable power characteristics Pa, Pb, and Pc are coordinates C1 (x1, y1, z1) of the center position C1 of the feeding coil L1, and Relative distance R (X, Y, Z) (R = (X ² + Y ² + Z ² ) ^1/2 ) representing the distance between the center position C 2 of the power receiving coil L 2 and the coordinates C 2 (x 2, y 2, z ² ) Set accordingly. Note that X = x2-x1, Y = y2-y1, and Z = z2-z1. The relative distance R (X, Y, Z) is equal to the distance (three-dimensional distance) between the center positions C1 and C2 of the power receiving coil L2 and the power feeding coil L1.

  As an example, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the allowable power characteristic Pa in FIG. 3 has the same relative distances X and Y in the plane direction (X direction and Y direction) and the vertical direction (height direction). Permissible power characteristics when the relative distance Z [mm] in the height direction is large compared to the permissible power characteristics Pazi when the relative distance Z [mm] (changes depending on loading / unloading of luggage, getting on / off of passengers, etc.) Pazj is set to a characteristic in which the feeding power P1 (a [kW], b [kW], c [kW], d [kW], a> b> c> d) is further suppressed. Even if the received power P2 is the same, the leakage electromagnetic field strength is increased when the relative distance Z [mm] is large, so that the power supply power P1 is set to be suppressed. The allowable power (feed power) a [kW], b [kW], c [kW], and d [kW] illustrated in FIG. 8B are the allowable power (feed power) a [kW] and b [kW] illustrated in FIG. 8A. Note that the values are smaller than c [kW] and d [kW].

  In the region where the relative distance R is greater than the threshold distance, the charging efficiency η is decreased and the leakage electromagnetic field strength is also large. Therefore, as indicated by hatching, it is set as a “charge prohibited region”.

  8A and 8B, allowable powers a [kW], b [kW], c [kW], and d [kW] have a relationship of a> b> c> d. Keep this in mind. The smaller the relative distance R is, the larger the relative distance R is (the position of the origin O in FIGS. 8A and 8B in the state where the axes of the centers of the feeding coil L1 and the receiving coil L2 coincide). This is because the strength of the leakage electromagnetic field does not increase even if contactless transmission is performed with the feed power P1.

  The power supply variable unit 88 searches the power supply variable characteristic 100 from the relative distance R, selects the corresponding allowable power characteristics Pa, Pb, and Pc on the power supply side, and instructs the external control device 26 on the primary side. It is supposed to be.

  In addition, relative distance R (refer FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B) can also measure an actual distance with relative distance measuring devices, such as a radar distance meter, an imaging device (a camera, a stereo camera), a sonar, a GPS apparatus. In this case, a position marker is drawn at the embedded position of the feeding coil L1, and is regarded as the center of the position marker {center (center position) C1 of the feeding coil L1. }, A target such as a transmitter necessary for the relative distance measuring device is arranged. Appropriate relative distance measuring devices are set in the electric vehicle 11 and the external power feeding device 14.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, a relative distance measuring device (relative distance measuring unit) that indirectly measures the relative distance R before the start of charging is provided. As shown in FIG. 10, this relative distance measuring device feeds predetermined weak power that does not affect the human body from the feeding coil L1, corresponding to the types A, B, and C (see FIG. 3) on the feeding side, The correspondence relationship with the power P2r received by the secondary power receiving coil L2 is stored in the feed power variable unit 88 as the characteristic 110 for detecting the relative distance R.

  Hereinafter, for convenience of understanding, the relative distance measuring device that measures the actual distance as it is as the relative distance R and the relative distance measuring device that indirectly measures the relative distance R will be described. Part) 81, and will be described as a function of the control device 42.

  Basically, FIG. 9 (first embodiment), FIG. 12 (second embodiment), and FIG. 13 (third embodiment) of the operation of the non-contact charging system 20 including the non-contact charging device 10 configured as described above. Example) and a flowchart of FIG. 14 (fourth embodiment) will be described. In the flowcharts of FIGS. 9, 12, 13, and 14, the process with the same step number is the same process or a corresponding process, and thus the description in the subsequent embodiments is omitted.

  In the first to fourth embodiments described below, the electric vehicle 11 is stopped or parked, and the driving source such as the engine and / or the motor / generator 58 is not operating. It shall be.

[First embodiment] (Processing when the position detection responsiveness and the feed power variable responsiveness of the non-contact charging system 20 are high)
In the first embodiment, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 9, when the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R changes, the allowable power of the feeding coil L1 corresponding to the change amount is calculated and set to the calculated allowable power. And continue charging.

  9, the control device 42 (the power supply variable unit 88 thereof) communicates with the external control device 26 of the external power supply device 14 via the communication devices 32 and 68, and external power supply from the power supply parameter storage unit 75. The type representing the specification of the device 14 (here, it is assumed that it was type A) is read and acquired.

  Next, in step S2, in order to detect the relative distance (displacement amount) R, the relative position detection unit 81 generates the predetermined weak power corresponding to the type A, and the communication devices 68, 32, and The drive of the converter / inverter block 28 is controlled through the external control device 26.

  At this time, the received power calculation unit 85 calculates the received power P2 = P2 × I2 from the received voltage V2 detected by the received voltage detection unit 84 and the charging current (received current) I2 detected by the charging current detection unit 83. However, the characteristic 110 is searched using the received power P2 as the power P2r shown in FIG. 10, and the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R is obtained (detected).

  Next, in step S3, the feed power varying unit 88 refers to the allowable power characteristics Pazi, j shown in FIGS. 3, 8A, and 8B from the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R and the feed side type A. Allowable power (allowable power supply power) is calculated (here, b [kW] shown in FIG. 8A is calculated), and a command is sent to the external control device 26 via the communication devices 68 and 32. .

  In this case, the external control device 26 performs PWM drive control of the inverters constituting the converter / inverter block 28 through the inverter drive unit 72 so that the supplied power P1 becomes P1 = b [kW] (FIG. 8A).

  Thereby, in step S5, charging is started (if charging is in progress, charging is continued). By starting charging in this way, the leakage electromagnetic field intensity can be suppressed to an allowable range.

  Next, in step S <b> 6, the relative position detection unit 81 detects the relative distance (displacement amount) R by the relative distance measuring device that measures the actual distance as it is as the relative distance R, and sets the relative distance (displacement amount) R as the relative distance. Detect if there is no change.

  If there is no change in the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R (step S6: YES), it is determined in step S7 whether there is a charge stop command (full charge or user command), and there is no charge stop command. If (step S7: NO), the process after the relative distance (positional deviation amount) detection process of step S2 is executed. When the charging is continued, the relative distance (displacement amount) detection process in step S2 is performed by a relative distance measurement device that measures the actual distance as the relative distance R as it is in step S6. ) R is detected.

  On the other hand, in the determination in step S6, when there is a change in the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R (step S6: NO), in order to avoid the possibility that the leakage electromagnetic field strength becomes large even at the same external position. In step S3, the allowable power from the feeding coil L1 is recalculated. Note that a change in the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R occurs due to loading / unloading of luggage on the trunk as described above. It is also generated when the occupant moves up and down.

  In this case, the feed power variable unit 88 controls the converter / inverter block 28 through the communication device 68, the communication device 32, and the inverter drive unit 72 based on the recalculated allowable power (changes the on-duty of the PWM control). To do.) For example, as shown in FIG. 11, when charging is started with the allowable power b [kW], when the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R increases, the on-duty is reduced and the allowable power c [kW] side is increased. When the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R is reduced, the on-duty is increased to increase the allowable power a [kW].

  For this reason, the position detection of the non-contact charging system 20 is performed even when the relative distance (displacement amount) R changes before and after the start of charging (“after” includes the period from charging to stop of charging). If the responsiveness and the variable power supply responsiveness are high, the amount of leakage electromagnetic field strength does not affect the outside (for example, the amount specified in the ICNIRP guidelines) until there is a charge stop command in step S7. Charging can be continued.

  When the electric vehicle 11 including the non-contact charging device 10 according to the first embodiment receives the feeding power P1 from the feeding coil L1 in a non-contact manner by the receiving coil L2 and charges the storage battery 12 with power, the feeding coil Based on a relative position detection unit (position shift amount detection unit) 81 that detects the relative position of each of L1 and the receiving coil L2 with respect to the centers C1 and C2 as a relative distance R, and the detected relative distance (position shift amount) R, A feed power variable unit 88 is provided that reduces the feed power P1 from the feed coil L1 as the shift amount (position shift amount Rs) of the relative distance R increases.

  According to the first embodiment, when the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R detected by the relative position detector 81 changes, the feed power variable unit 88 responds to the changed relative distance (positional deviation amount) R. By calculating (searching) the allowable power and controlling the converter / inverter block 28 of the power supply circuit 16, the power supply P <b> 1 from the power supply coil L <b> 1 is made variable, and charging is performed with the calculated (searched) allowable power. Can be controlled to continue.

  Then, the relative position (displacement amount) R between the power feeding coil L1 and the power receiving coil L2 is detected, and the larger the deviation amount (position displacement amount Rs) of the detected relative distance R, the larger the feed power from the power feeding coil L1. Since P1 is reduced, it is possible to continue charging in such an amount that the leakage electromagnetic field strength does not affect the outside.

  In this case, the feed power variable unit 88 sets the relative position (relative distance (position shift amount) R in the first step S2 after the feed side type acquisition (step S1)) detected by the relative position detection unit 81 before the start of charging. Since charging is performed with the power supply power P1 determined based on the power supply power P1, the power supply power P1 is further varied based on the relative position (amount of displacement) R detected in step S6 every predetermined time after the start of charging. After the start of charging, for example, even when the relative distance (displacement amount) R is changed by loading / unloading, etc., it is possible to continue charging with an amount in which the leakage electromagnetic field strength does not affect the outside. it can.

[Second Embodiment] (Processing when the position detection responsiveness and the feed power variable responsiveness of the non-contact charging system 20 are low)
In the second embodiment, reference is made to the flowchart of FIG. 12, but after starting charging, that is, the relative distance (position) of step S6 after step S1 to S6 (YES) → step S7 (NO) → step S2 and subsequent steps. When a change in the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R is detected in the deviation amount) detection process (step S6: NO), the state determined from type A or the like (position detection responsiveness of the non-contact charging system 20 and Therefore, the charging is immediately stopped in step S8. As a result, the amount that the leakage electromagnetic field intensity does not affect the outside even instantaneously due to the low position detection responsiveness and the variable power supply responsiveness of the contactless charging system 20 (for example, specified in the ICNIRP guidelines) Exceeding a given amount) can be avoided.

  In addition, when charging is stopped in step S8, a user such as a driver is notified by notifying or notifying the external power feeding device 14 via the in-vehicle speaker, the display device, and / or the communication devices 68 and 32. preferable.

[Third embodiment] (When the relative distance (displacement amount) R changes, the process is always interrupted and restarted)
In the third embodiment, the flowchart of FIG. 13 is referred to, but after starting charging, that is, the relative distance (position) of step S6 after step S1 to S6 (YES) → step S7 (NO) → step S2 and subsequent steps. When a change in the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R is detected in the (deviation amount) detection process (step S6: NO, there is a change), that is, the previous detection and the current time in the process of step S6 executed every predetermined time. If the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R has changed in the detection, charging is immediately interrupted in step S9. As a result, as in the second embodiment, the leakage electromagnetic field strength does not affect the outside instantaneously due to the low position detection response and the variable feed power response of the contactless charging system 20. Exceeding an amount (eg, an amount specified in ICNIRP guidelines) can be avoided.

  After the elapse of a predetermined time determined by the types of the external power supply device 14 and the non-contact charging device 10, the relative distance is again determined in step S3 based on the relative distance (displacement amount) R detected in step S6. The allowable power is calculated from the distance (positional deviation amount) R and the power feeding side type, and charging is resumed in steps S4 and S5.

  According to the third embodiment, when the relative position changes before and after the start of charging, the feed power variable unit 88 interrupts the feed regardless of the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R, thereby more reliably. Charging can be restarted with an amount in which the leakage electromagnetic field strength does not affect the outside.

  That is, the feed power variable unit 88 resumes power supply and continues charging based on the result of the relative position (relative distance (displacement amount) R) detected by the relative position detection unit 81 after interruption of the feed. be able to.

[Fourth Embodiment] (Processing in the case where when relative distance (positional deviation amount) R changes, depending on the amount of change, temporarily interrupt and resume or continue charging)
In the fourth embodiment, the flowchart of FIG. 14 is referred to, but after starting charging, that is, the relative position (position) of step S6 after step S1 to S6 (YES) → step S7 (NO) → step S2 and subsequent steps. When a change in the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R is detected in the deviation amount) detection process (step S6: NO, there is a change), the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R is further set in step S6 ′. When the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R is small (step S6 ′: NO), the leakage electromagnetic field strength is small, so that charging is continued in step S3. The allowable power may be calculated according to the new relative distance (position shift amount) R and charging may be continued. In this case, the feeding power P1 may be reduced so that the charging efficiency η (η = 100 × P2 / P1) before and after charging becomes the same value.

  The charging efficiency η is calculated by the feeding power calculation unit 86 through the communication device 32 and the communication device 68 to obtain the feeding current I1 and the feeding voltage V1 from the feeding current detection unit 73 and the feeding voltage detection unit 74 of the external control device 26. To calculate the power supply P1. On the other hand, the received power calculation unit 85 calculates the received power P2 from the received current I2 and the received voltage V2 detected by the charging current detection unit 83 and the received voltage detection unit 84. The charging efficiency calculation unit 87 can calculate the charging efficiency η from the supplied power P1 and the received power P2 (η = 100 × P2 / P1).

  If it is determined in step S6 ′ that the relative distance (displacement amount) R is large, charging is immediately interrupted in step S9 as in the third embodiment. As a result, as in the second embodiment, the leakage electromagnetic field strength does not affect the outside instantaneously due to the low position detection response and the variable feed power response of the contactless charging system 20. Exceeding an amount (eg, an amount specified in ICNIRP guidelines) can be avoided.

  In this case, after the elapse of a predetermined time determined by the types of the external power supply device 14 and the non-contact charging device 10, based on the relative distance (displacement amount) R detected in step S 6, again in step S 3, The allowable power can be calculated from the relative distance (positional deviation amount) R and the power feeding side type, and charging can be resumed in steps S4 and S5.

  According to the fourth embodiment, the feed power varying unit 88 is configured to change the relative distance (the amount of misalignment) when the relative position changes between the previous detection and the current detection in the process of step S6 executed every predetermined time. When R becomes small, charging is continued without interrupting power supply, while when relative distance (positional deviation amount) R becomes large, power supply is interrupted, so that the leakage electromagnetic field strength is more reliably externally applied. Charging can be resumed with an amount that does not affect the battery.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various configurations can be adopted based on the contents described in this specification.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Non-contact charging device 11 ... Electric vehicle 12 ... Storage battery 14 ... External power feeding device 16 ... Power feeding circuit 20 ... Non-contact charging system 22 ... AC power supply device 26 ... External control device 30 ... Power feeding antenna 40 ... Power receiving circuit 42 ... Control device 50: Power receiving antenna 81 ... Relative position detection unit 88 ... Feeding power variable unit

Claims (3)

In a non-contact charging device for a vehicle that receives power from a power feeding coil in a contactless manner by a power receiving coil and charges the storage battery with power,
A relative position detector that detects a relative position of each of the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil with respect to each center;
Based on the detected relative position, a leakage electromagnetic field strength from the feeding coil to vary the power supplied from the feeding coil to be within a predetermined value, the feeding power changing section to set,
With
The power supply variable unit is
To the relative position detected by the relative position detecting unit before the start of charging, when the shift amount of the relative position detected by the relative position detection unit after the start of charging is increased, you interrupt the power supply A non-contact charging device for vehicles. In a non-contact charging device for a vehicle that receives power from a power feeding coil in a contactless manner by a power receiving coil and charges the storage battery with power,
A relative position detector that detects a relative position of each of the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil with respect to each center;
Based on the detected relative position, a leakage electromagnetic field strength from the feeding coil to vary the power supplied from the feeding coil to be within a predetermined value, the feeding power changing section to set,
With
The power supply variable unit is
A non-contact charging device for a vehicle, characterized in that power supply is interrupted when the amount of relative position shift between the previous detection and the current detection increases. In the non-contact charging device for vehicles according to claim 1 or 2,
The power supply variable unit is
The non-contact charging device for a vehicle, wherein the power supply is restarted based on the result of the relative position detected by the relative position detection unit after the power supply is interrupted.

Images