JP6209023B2 - Collection device and collection method - Google Patents

Collection device and collection method Download PDF

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JP6209023B2
JP6209023B2 JP2013176611A JP2013176611A JP6209023B2 JP 6209023 B2 JP6209023 B2 JP 6209023B2 JP 2013176611 A JP2013176611 A JP 2013176611A JP 2013176611 A JP2013176611 A JP 2013176611A JP 6209023 B2 JP6209023 B2 JP 6209023B2
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collected
passive sampler
sampler
collection
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JP2015045560A (en
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敬史 雨谷
敬史 雨谷
祐一 三宅
祐一 三宅
義浩 鈴木
義浩 鈴木
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Shizuoka University NUC
Sibata Scientific Tech Ltd
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Sibata Scientific Tech Ltd
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Description

本発明は、大気中に浮遊するホルムアルデヒドや揮発性有機化合物(VOC)などの被捕集物質をパッシブサンプラに捕集させる捕集装置と、この捕集装置により被捕集物質を捕集する捕集方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a collection device for collecting a collected material such as formaldehyde or volatile organic compound (VOC) floating in the atmosphere on a passive sampler, and a collection device for collecting the collected material by the collection device. Concerning the collection method.

従来から、大気中に浮遊するホルムアルデヒドや揮発性有機化合物(VOC)などの被捕集物質の捕集には、大気中に曝され、自然拡散により捕集を行なうパッシブサンプラが用いられている(特許文献1)。このパッシブサンプラは、パッシブサンプラ内に設けられた吸着剤や捕集剤によって、被捕集物質濃度を捕集内面において常にゼロとし、それよりも濃度の高い捕集大気中と接する捕集外面となる導入口と一定の濃度勾配を保つことにより、物質濃度の移動拡散現象を利用して、被捕集物質を捕集するものである。   Conventionally, passive samplers that have been exposed to the atmosphere and collected by natural diffusion have been used to collect substances to be collected such as formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOC) floating in the atmosphere ( Patent Document 1). This passive sampler has an adsorbent and a collecting agent provided in the passive sampler, and the concentration of the collected substance is always zero on the collecting inner surface, and the collecting outer surface in contact with the collecting atmosphere having a higher concentration than that. By keeping a constant concentration gradient with the introduction port, the substance to be collected is collected by utilizing the phenomenon of migration and diffusion of the substance concentration.

特開2003−114176号公報JP 2003-114176 A

しかしながら、このパッシブサンプラは、大気中に曝されるようにホルダーに保持され、測定環境下に置かれるものであるため、測定環境の変化によりその性能が著しく低下するおそれがあるという問題がある。   However, since this passive sampler is held by a holder so as to be exposed to the atmosphere and placed in a measurement environment, there is a problem that the performance of the passive sampler may be significantly deteriorated due to a change in the measurement environment.

そこで、本発明は、測定環境の影響を軽減させることのできる捕集装置及びこれを用いる捕集方法を提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the collection apparatus which can reduce the influence of a measurement environment, and the collection method using this.

本発明者らは、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、パッシブサンプラの捕集量が高湿度環境下において著しく減少することを見出し、本発明を発明するに至った。すなわち、上記の目的を達成するため、本発明に係る捕集装置は、パッシブサンプラと、除湿材と、前記パッシブサンプラの周囲に前記除湿材を充填した状態で前記パッシブサンプラを収容可能に構成され、かつ、外気中の被捕集物質が通過可能なパッシブサンプラ収容容器とを備えることを特徴とする。   As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the amount of passive sampler collected is significantly reduced in a high humidity environment, and have invented the present invention. That is, in order to achieve the above object, the collection device according to the present invention is configured to be able to accommodate the passive sampler, the dehumidifying material, and the passive sampler in a state where the dehumidifying material is filled around the passive sampler. And a passive sampler storage container through which a substance to be collected in the outside air can pass.

また、本発明に係る捕集方法は、前記捕集装置を用いて行なう大気中の被捕集物質の捕集方法であって、前記除湿材により前記パッシブサンプラの周囲の湿度を低下させた状態において、前記被捕集物質をパッシブサンプラに捕集させることを特徴とする。   Further, the collection method according to the present invention is a method for collecting a substance to be collected in the atmosphere performed using the collection device, wherein the humidity around the passive sampler is reduced by the dehumidifying material. In the method, the substance to be collected is collected by a passive sampler.

本発明によれば、測定環境の影響を軽減させることのできる捕集装置及びこれを用いる捕集方法を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the collection apparatus which can reduce the influence of a measurement environment, and the collection method using this can be provided.

本発明の一実施形態に係る捕集装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the collection apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. パッシブサンプラの捕集量と湿度との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the collection amount of a passive sampler, and humidity.

次に、本発明の一実施形態に係る捕集装置について、図面に基づいて説明する。本実施形態に係る捕集装置1は、図1に示すように、パッシブサンプラ10と、除湿材20と、パッシブサンプラ10及び除湿材20を収容するパッシブサンプラ収容容器30とを備えている。   Next, the collection device concerning one embodiment of the present invention is explained based on a drawing. As shown in FIG. 1, the collection device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a passive sampler 10, a dehumidifying material 20, and a passive sampler housing container 30 that houses the passive sampler 10 and the dehumidifying material 20.

パッシブサンプラ10は、円筒状のサンプラー本体12と、このサンプラー本体12の内部に収容され、被捕集物質を吸着可能な吸着剤14と、サンプラー本体12の内部に収容された吸着剤14の両端外側に設けられたフィルター部材16と、サンプラー本体12の両端に設けられた栓部材18とを備えている。   The passive sampler 10 includes a cylindrical sampler main body 12, an adsorbent 14 that is accommodated in the sampler main body 12 and can adsorb a substance to be collected, and both ends of the adsorbent 14 accommodated in the sampler main body 12. A filter member 16 provided on the outside and plug members 18 provided on both ends of the sampler body 12 are provided.

サンプラー本体12は、例えばホルムアルデヒド等の大気中の被捕集物質が浸透可能な開孔率を有する多孔性PTFEで構成されている。また、サンプラー本体12の外周面の両端には、全周に亘ってアルミリング20が貼り付けられている。吸着剤14は、被捕集物質が吸着可能な材料から形成されており、例えばDNPHを含浸させたシルカゲルや活性炭等から形成されている。フィルター部材16は、被捕集物質及びその溶剤が浸透可能で、かつ、吸着剤14が浸透不能な多孔状に形成されており、被捕集物質の溶剤に対して不溶な材料から形成されている。栓部材18は、円筒状に形成されたポリエチレン等からなり、フィルター部材16がサンプラー本体12から離脱するのを防止するようにサンプラー本体12の両端に設けられている。   The sampler main body 12 is made of porous PTFE having an open area rate through which a substance to be collected in the atmosphere such as formaldehyde can permeate. Moreover, the aluminum ring 20 is affixed on the both ends of the outer peripheral surface of the sampler main body 12 over the perimeter. The adsorbent 14 is made of a material that can adsorb the substance to be collected, and is made of, for example, silica gel or activated carbon impregnated with DNPH. The filter member 16 is formed in a porous shape in which the substance to be collected and its solvent can permeate and the adsorbent 14 cannot penetrate, and is formed of a material insoluble in the solvent of the substance to be collected. Yes. The plug member 18 is made of polyethylene or the like formed in a cylindrical shape, and is provided at both ends of the sampler body 12 so as to prevent the filter member 16 from being detached from the sampler body 12.

除湿材20は、例えば過塩素酸マグネシウム及び塩化ナトリウム等の除湿性を有する材料からなり、粒状に形成されている。なお、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1において、除湿材20は、粒状の除湿材に限定されるものではなく、周知の除湿材を用いることができる。   The dehumidifying material 20 is made of a material having dehumidifying properties such as magnesium perchlorate and sodium chloride, and is formed in a granular shape. In addition, in the collection apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the dehumidification material 20 is not limited to a granular dehumidification material, A well-known dehumidification material can be used.

パッシブサンプラ収容容器30は、有底円筒状に形成された収容容器本体32と、収容容器本体32の上端開口を閉塞可能な円板状の蓋部材34とから構成されており、これら収容容器本体32及び蓋部材34の内面によって、パッシブサンプラ10及び除湿材20を収容可能な収容空間が規定されるように構成されている。   The passive sampler storage container 30 includes a storage container main body 32 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a disc-shaped lid member 34 that can close the upper end opening of the storage container main body 32. A housing space in which the passive sampler 10 and the dehumidifying material 20 can be housed is defined by the inner surface of 32 and the lid member 34.

収容容器本体32は、被捕集物質が通過可能な通気性を有し、かつ、除湿材20の通過を規制可能な多孔部材から形成されており、本実施形態においては金網あるいはポリテトラフルオロエチレン製網を有底円筒状に加工することにより形成されている。収容容器本体32の底面の中心部には、パッシブサンプラ10の一方側の栓部材18が嵌入可能な嵌入孔33が形成されている。収容容器本体32の上端縁部32aは、他の部分よりも外径が小さくなるように肉薄に形成されており、蓋部材34の後述するフランジ38とインロー構造によって着脱可能に構成されている。   The container main body 32 is formed of a porous member having air permeability through which a substance to be collected can pass and capable of restricting the passage of the dehumidifying material 20, and in this embodiment, a metal mesh or polytetrafluoroethylene. It is formed by processing a net into a bottomed cylindrical shape. A fitting hole 33 into which the plug member 18 on one side of the passive sampler 10 can be fitted is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the container main body 32. The upper end edge portion 32a of the container main body 32 is formed to be thin so that the outer diameter is smaller than that of other portions, and is configured to be detachable by a flange 38 and an inlay structure described later of the lid member 34.

蓋部材34は、収容容器本体32と同様に、被捕集物質が通過可能な通気性を有し、かつ、除湿材20の通過を規制可能な多孔部材から形成されており、本実施形態においては金網あるいはポリテトラフルオロエチレン製網を円板状に加工することにより形成されている。蓋部材34の中心部には、パッシブサンプラ10の他方側の栓部材18が嵌入可能な嵌入孔36が形成されている。蓋部材34の外周縁部には、周方向全域に亘って下方に突出するフランジ38が形成されており、このフランジ38は、収容容器本体32の上端縁部32aの外径と概ね同径の内径を有している。   Similarly to the container main body 32, the lid member 34 is formed of a porous member that is capable of passing a substance to be collected and that can restrict the passage of the dehumidifying material 20. Is formed by processing a metal mesh or a polytetrafluoroethylene mesh into a disk shape. A fitting hole 36 into which the plug member 18 on the other side of the passive sampler 10 can be fitted is formed at the center of the lid member 34. A flange 38 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the lid member 34 so as to protrude downward over the entire circumferential direction. The flange 38 is substantially the same diameter as the outer diameter of the upper edge 32 a of the container body 32. It has an inner diameter.

次に、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1を用いて大気中の被捕集物質を捕集する方法について説明する。本実施形態に係る捕集装置1を用いて大気中の被捕集物質を捕集するためには、まず、気密袋から取り出したパッシブサンプラ10の一端部(一方側の栓部材18)を収容容器本体32の嵌入孔33に嵌入させ、パッシブサンプラ10を収容容器本体32内において垂直に立設させる。次に、パッシブサンプラ10と収容容器本体32の内壁との間の空間に除湿材20を充填させると共に、パッシブサンプラ10の他端部(他方側の栓部材18)が蓋部材34の嵌入孔36に嵌入するように、蓋部材34を収容容器本体32に装着させる。そして、このようにして組み立てられた捕集装置1を所望の測定環境下に置く。これにより、除湿材20によりパッシブサンプラ10の周囲の湿度を低下させた状態において、移動拡散現象によりパッシブサンプラ10に被捕集物質が捕集される。次に、所定の捕集時間経過後、蓋部材34を収容容器本体32から取り外し、パッシブサンプラ10を気密袋に回収する。その後、パッシブサンプラ10を測定室まで搬送すると共に、測定室において、周知の種々の方法によりパッシブサンプラ10に捕集された被捕集物質の捕集量を測定する。   Next, a method for collecting a substance to be collected in the atmosphere using the collection device 1 according to this embodiment will be described. In order to collect a substance to be collected in the atmosphere using the collection device 1 according to the present embodiment, first, one end (the plug member 18 on one side) of the passive sampler 10 taken out from the airtight bag is accommodated. The passive sampler 10 is vertically installed in the container main body 32 by being inserted into the insertion holes 33 of the container main body 32. Next, the dehumidifying material 20 is filled in the space between the passive sampler 10 and the inner wall of the container main body 32, and the other end (the plug member 18 on the other side) of the passive sampler 10 is inserted into the insertion hole 36 of the lid member 34. The lid member 34 is attached to the container main body 32 so as to be fitted into the container. Then, the collection device 1 assembled in this way is placed in a desired measurement environment. Thereby, in a state where the humidity around the passive sampler 10 is lowered by the dehumidifying material 20, the substance to be collected is collected by the passive sampler 10 due to the movement diffusion phenomenon. Next, after a predetermined collection time has elapsed, the lid member 34 is removed from the container main body 32, and the passive sampler 10 is collected in an airtight bag. Thereafter, the passive sampler 10 is transported to the measurement chamber, and in the measurement chamber, the amount of collected substances collected in the passive sampler 10 is measured by various known methods.

以上のような被捕集物質の捕集を湿度の異なる複数日(湿度50%程度の夏の晴天日〜湿度75%程度の小雨の日)に屋外において行った結果を図2に示す。図2は、1,3−ブタジエンのパッシブサンプラによる捕集量とそのときの湿度との関係を示すグラフであり、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1を用いて被捕集物質の捕集を行った場合における被捕集物質の捕集量の計測結果と、従来の捕集方法、すなわち、除湿材を用いることなく被捕集物質の捕集を行った場合における被捕集物質の捕集量の計測結果とを示すものである。   FIG. 2 shows the results of collecting the substances to be collected as described above outdoors on a plurality of days with different humidity (summer sunny days with a humidity of about 50% to light days with a humidity of about 75%). FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of 1,3-butadiene collected by the passive sampler and the humidity at that time, and the collection of the substance to be collected using the collection device 1 according to this embodiment. Measurement results of the collected amount of the collected material and the conventional collection method, that is, collecting the collected material when collecting the collected material without using a dehumidifying material The measurement result of quantity is shown.

図2から、除湿材を用いない従来の捕集方法では、湿度50%以上の測定環境下において被捕集物質をほとんど捕集できていないことがわかる。一方、図2から、除湿材20を用いた本実施形態に係る捕集方法によれば、湿度65%以上の測定環境下においては従来の捕集方法と概ね同程度の捕集量であるものの、湿度が50〜60%程度の範囲の測定環境下においては従来の捕集方法よりも被捕集物質の捕集量が数倍多く、特に湿度が50〜55%程度の範囲の測定環境下においては従来の捕集方法による被捕集物質の捕集量のおよそ7倍もの捕集量であることがわかる。ここで、本実施形態に係る捕集方法の計測結果において、湿度65%以上の測定環境下で従来の捕集方法と概ね同程度の捕集量であったことは、パッシブサンプラ10の周囲に配置した除湿材20が吸収する水分量よりも大気中に存在する水分量が上回ったために、パッシブサンプラ10中に水分が入ってしまったことが原因であると考えられる。以上から、被捕集物質の捕集量が湿度に密接に関係しており、従来の捕集方法ではパッシブサンプラの捕集量が湿度50%以上の高湿度環境下において著しく減少するものの、本実施形態に係る捕集方法では測定環境下における湿度の影響が緩和されていることが明らかとなった。   From FIG. 2, it can be seen that in the conventional collection method that does not use a dehumidifying material, the substance to be collected is hardly collected in a measurement environment having a humidity of 50% or more. On the other hand, from FIG. 2, according to the collection method according to the present embodiment using the dehumidifying material 20, the collection amount is approximately the same as that of the conventional collection method in a measurement environment with a humidity of 65% or more. In the measurement environment where the humidity is in the range of about 50 to 60%, the amount of the collected substance is several times greater than that of the conventional collection method, and particularly in the measurement environment where the humidity is in the range of about 50 to 55%. It can be seen that the amount collected is about 7 times the amount collected by the conventional collection method. Here, in the measurement result of the collection method according to the present embodiment, the amount of collection was almost the same as that of the conventional collection method in a measurement environment with a humidity of 65% or more. It is thought that this is because moisture has entered the passive sampler 10 because the amount of moisture present in the atmosphere exceeds the amount of moisture absorbed by the disposed dehumidifying material 20. From the above, the amount of collected material is closely related to humidity, and the amount of passive sampler collected by the conventional collection method is significantly reduced in a high humidity environment with a humidity of 50% or more. In the collection method according to the embodiment, it has been clarified that the influence of humidity in the measurement environment is mitigated.

以上の通り、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1は、パッシブサンプラ10と、除湿材20と、パッシブサンプラ10及び除湿材20を収容するパッシブサンプラ収容容器30とを備えることにより、除湿材20によってパッシブサンプラ10の周囲の湿度を低下させた状態において被捕集物質の捕集を行うことができるため、測定環境下における湿度の影響を軽減させることができる。   As described above, the collection device 1 according to the present embodiment includes the passive sampler 10, the dehumidifying material 20, and the passive sampler storage container 30 that stores the passive sampler 10 and the dehumidifying material 20. Since the substance to be collected can be collected in a state where the humidity around the passive sampler 10 is lowered, the influence of humidity in the measurement environment can be reduced.

本発明に係る捕集装置は、上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術思想を逸脱しない範囲内において種々の改変を行なうことができる。例えば、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1において、パッシブサンプラ10は、チューブ型のパッシブサンプラを用いて説明したが、これに限定されず、種々のパッシブサンプラを用いることができ、また、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1は、使用するパッシブサンプラの種類及び形状に応じて種々の改変を行なうことができる。   The collection device according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the collection device 1 according to the present embodiment, the passive sampler 10 has been described using a tube-type passive sampler. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various passive samplers can be used. The collection device 1 according to the embodiment can be variously modified according to the type and shape of the passive sampler used.

また、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1において、パッシブサンプラ収容容器30は、収容容器本体32及び蓋部材34から構成されるとしたが、これに限定されず、パッシブサンプラ10の周囲に除湿材20を充填した状態でパッシブサンプラ10を収容可能に構成されていれば良い。さらに、本実施形態に係る捕集装置1において、パッシブサンプラ収容容器30は、金網あるいはポリテトラフルオロエチレン製網を加工することにより形成されるとしたが、これに限定されず、外気中の被捕集物質が通過可能なものであれば良い。   Moreover, in the collection apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment, although the passive sampler storage container 30 was comprised from the storage container main body 32 and the cover member 34, it is not limited to this, A dehumidification material is enclosed around the passive sampler 10. What is necessary is just to be comprised so that the passive sampler 10 can be accommodated in the state with which 20 was filled. Furthermore, in the collection device 1 according to the present embodiment, the passive sampler container 30 is formed by processing a wire net or a polytetrafluoroethylene net, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the passive sampler container 30 is not limited to this. Any material that can pass through the trapping substance may be used.

1 捕集装置、10 パッシブサンプラ、20 除湿材、30 パッシブサンプラ収容容器   1 collection device, 10 passive sampler, 20 dehumidifying material, 30 passive sampler container

Claims (2)

パッシブサンプラと、
除湿材と、
前記パッシブサンプラの周囲に前記除湿材を充填した状態で前記パッシブサンプラを収容可能に構成され、かつ、外気中の被捕集物質が通過可能なパッシブサンプラ収容容器とを備える
ことを特徴とする捕集装置。
A passive sampler,
A dehumidifying material,
A passive sampler storage container configured to be able to store the passive sampler in a state where the dehumidifying material is filled around the passive sampler and capable of passing a trapped substance in the outside air. Collector.
請求項1に記載の捕集装置を用いて行なう大気中の被捕集物質の捕集方法であって、
前記除湿材により前記パッシブサンプラの周囲の湿度を低下させた状態において、前記被捕集物質をパッシブサンプラに捕集させる
ことを特徴とする捕集方法。
A method for collecting substances to be collected in the atmosphere using the collection device according to claim 1,
The collection method, wherein the collected material is collected by the passive sampler in a state where the humidity around the passive sampler is lowered by the dehumidifying material.
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