JP5991570B2 - Air conditioning system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioning system suitable for an operating room (bioclean room) requiring high cleanliness.

Some operating rooms used in some special operations such as orthopedic surgery are required to achieve a clean room cleanliness class 100. Conventionally, in an air conditioning system that has been adopted to maintain such cleanliness, an air outlet with a HEPA filter is provided on almost the entire ceiling surface of the operating room, and the air purified by the HEPA filter is supplied to the entire surface of the air outlet. I was trying to blow it out. Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-218353) discloses a clean room having a blowout port with a HEPA filter attached to almost the entire ceiling surface.
JP-A-11-218353

  In the case of the clean room as described above, the purpose is to ensure the cleanliness of the surgical site (surgical field). However, doctors and nurses working around the surgical light and the patient are obstructed by the flow of clean air, and the cleanliness is sufficient. There was a problem that it was difficult to ensure.

  Especially in the case of a ceiling-blowing clean room, around the operating light installed between the ceiling and the patient, the upward flow due to heat, the down flow from the ceiling, the entrainment flow to the under surface of the operating light, and so on are intertwined. The turbulence of the air flow and the dust generation from the workers are factors that hinder the cleanliness of the surgical field.

  Further, in the air conditioning system employed in the conventional operating room, it is necessary to provide a blowout port with a HEPA filter attached to almost the entire ceiling surface as described above, and to send out air using the entire blowout port. In addition, there is a problem in that the power for conveying air becomes very large and energy efficiency is poor. Moreover, since it is necessary to use a HEPA filter having an area corresponding to almost the entire ceiling surface, there is a problem that the maintenance cost for maintaining the HEPA filter is very expensive.

  This invention solves the said subject, The invention which concerns on Claim 1 is an air-conditioning system for air-conditioning the operating room where the operating table was installed, Comprising: It installs in the ceiling part of the said operating table A first outlet for blowing out air purified by a HEPA filter at a first wind speed, a first operating light attached to the ceiling and blowing out air purified by the HEPA filter, and the ceiling And a second surgical light that is attached and sucks air.

The invention according to claim 2 is an air conditioning system for performing air conditioning of an operating room in which an operating table is installed, and is installed on a ceiling portion of the operating table and purified by a HEPA filter at a first wind speed. A first outlet that blows out the air, a first surgical light that is attached to the ceiling and sucks air, and a second surgical light that is attached to the ceiling and sucks air. Features.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the air is blown out at a second wind speed that is installed around the first outlet and is slower than the first wind speed. A first blowout port projection surface formed by the first blowout port includes a surgical table projection surface formed by the operating table when the projection in the vertical direction is performed. And

Moreover, the invention which concerns on Claim 4 is an air-conditioning system in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3. The air which blows off from the said 1st blower outlet is a one-way flow | style toward the perpendicular downward direction. It is characterized by that.

The invention according to claim 5 is the air conditioning system according to claim 3 , wherein the air blown out from the second outlet is a one-way flow directed in a direction without the operating table. And

  The air-conditioning system of the present invention is wide enough to include the area of the operating table, and is attached to the ceiling portion and the first blow-out port for blowing out the air purified by the HEPA filter at the first wind speed, and by the HEPA filter. According to such an air conditioning system of the present invention, the first operating lamp that blows out purified air and the second operating lamp that is attached to the ceiling and sucks air are provided. Airflow turbulence based on the surgical light and the doctors and nurses working around the patient can be suppressed as much as possible, and sufficient cleanliness can be ensured in the surgical target site (surgical field). As a result, the environmental performance of the surgical field can be improved, such as the removal of odor by using an electric knife in the surgical field.

  In addition, according to the air conditioning system of the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a blowout port with a HEPA filter attached to almost the entire ceiling surface, and energy efficiency is improved. In addition, the HEPA filter having an area corresponding to almost the entire ceiling surface is not necessary, and the HEPA filter area can be reduced, so that the maintenance cost is low.

It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the operating room to which the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship of the operating table, the HEPA filter built-in outlet, and the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet in the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the air blown off by the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining fin arrangement | positioning of the HEPA filter built-in blower outlet and the HEPA filter built-in air curtain blower outlet in the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the operating room to which the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention was applied. It is a perspective view of the surgical light 300 used with the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the air supply / exhaust structure of the surgical light 300 used with the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the simulation result based on the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the simulation result based on the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the air supply / exhaust structure of the surgical light 300 used with the air conditioning system which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the air supply / exhaust structure of the surgical light 300 used with the air conditioning system which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the operating room to which the air conditioning system 100 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is applied. In FIG. 1, 100 is an air conditioning system, 110 is an air conditioner, 120 is a filter, 131 is a first blower fan, 132 is a second blower fan, 133 is a third blower fan, 134 is a fourth blower fan, and 141 is a first blower fan. Damper, 142 is the second damper, 143 is the third damper, 150 is the inlet, 151 is the filter, 160 is the outlet, 205 is the operating table, 210 is the HEPA filter built-in outlet, 211 is the HEPA filter, 220 is the HEPA filter The built-in air curtain outlet, 221 is a HEPA filter, 230 is a ventilation port, 300a is a (first) surgical light, and 300b is a (second) surgical light.

  The air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment is applied to an operating room (bioclean room) that requires a relatively high cleanliness, and in order to improve energy efficiency and reduce maintenance costs, It is configured based on the idea that the space for achieving the cleanliness class 100 is limited to the surgical field on the operating table. In the air conditioning system 100 according to the present invention, the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 is set to about 1/3 of the conventional one, and the cleanliness of the surgical field is efficiently maintained even with a small air volume, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire operating room. I am doing so.

  In the air conditioning system 100 according to the present invention, in order to achieve the cleanliness class 100 in the operative field even if the air volume is reduced, (1) a weak air curtain is formed that prevents contaminants from the surroundings from entering the operative field. A HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 is provided around the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210, and (2) the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 is pushed in order to push contaminants generated near the surgical field to the surroundings. Perform fluid analysis by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) that the two points of adjusting the wind speed of the air blown from the air to be higher than the wind speed of the air blown from the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 are important. This was demonstrated.

Furthermore, in the air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet as described above, a shadowless lamp (a shadowless lamp for supplying air) that blows out air purified by the HEPA filter, or By using any combination of surgical light that draws in air (an operating light that exhausts air), the turbulence of the air flow based on the surgical light and the doctors and nurses working around the patient is minimized, and the surgical site ( Sufficient cleanliness in the surgical field) is ensured. Blowing air to the surgical target site (surgical field) using a surgical light is defined as air supply, and using the surgical light, air from the surgical target site (surgical field) Inhalation is defined as exhaust.

  Regarding the air supply / exhaust system using the above-described surgical light, a technique for ensuring cleanliness in the operating room based on a HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet provided in the ceiling will be described first.

  With reference to FIG. 1, the structural example of the air conditioning system 100 provided in a ceiling part is demonstrated. In FIG. 1, the black line with the arrow which connects between each structure has shown the duct, and the direction of the arrow has shown the direction of the air which distribute | circulates through a duct. The air conditioner 110 in the air conditioning system 100 sends the air taken in to a duct for temperature and humidity adjustment and dust removal by a built-in cooler, heater, humidifier, and filter (all not shown). is there.

  The air sent out from the air conditioner 110 passes through the filter 120 and is then provided around the duct toward the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 installed on the ceiling of the operating table 205 and the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210. In addition, a duct directed toward the air curtain outlet 220 with a built-in HEPA filter is circulated. The HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 is provided with a filter holder (not shown), and a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filter 211 is attached to the filter holder, thereby removing dust and floating bacteria. The blown air can be blown out toward the operating table 205. In the present embodiment, the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 is disposed on the upper part of the operating table 205.

  In the claims, “first outlet” refers to the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210, and “second outlet” refers to the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220. It is a thing.

  A first blower fan 131 is provided in the duct toward the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210, and a second blower fan 132 is provided in the duct toward the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220. Is controlled so that the air blown out from the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 becomes the first wind speed, and the air blown out from the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 is the second wind speed slower than the first wind speed. It is adjusted so that In addition, the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 is provided with a filter holder (not shown), and the HEPA filter 221 is attached to the filter holder so that dust and floating bacteria are removed and purified. The air can be blown out as an air curtain.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement relationship of the operating table 205, the HEPA filter built-in air outlet 210, and the HEPA filter built-in air curtain air outlet 220 in the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, when the projection in the vertical direction is performed, the HEPA filter built-in air outlet projection surface formed by the HEPA filter built-in air outlet 210 includes the operating table projection surface formed by the operating table 205. Yes. In the air conditioning system 100 according to the present invention, the blowout area of the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 is sufficient to include the area of the operating table, and the HEPA filter built-in outlet is set to an area corresponding to substantially the entire ceiling surface. There is no need. Therefore, according to the air conditioning system 100 of the present invention, energy efficiency is improved and maintenance costs are reduced.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing air blown out by the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the air conditioning system 100 according to the present invention, the speed of the air blown out from the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 is made slower than that of the air blown out from the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210, As shown in FIG. 3, it is assumed that dust generated in the area vertically below the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210 tends to be easily discharged to an area of a weak air curtain surrounding the area. On the other hand, when the speed of the air blown out from the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 is set to be higher than that of the air blown out from the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210, the air is generated in an area vertically below the HEPA filter built-in outlet 210. It is assumed that dust tends to be difficult to be discharged into the air curtain area.

  Returning to FIG. 1 again, due to the suction force of the third blower fan 133, the air in the operating room is drawn in by the ventilation ports 230 a and 230 b, a part is returned to the air conditioner 110 and circulated again, and the rest is exhausted from the exhaust port 160. Discharged. The ventilation port 230a provided at a height close to the floor as a suction port for air in the operating room has a function of preventing air flow from the floor and turbulence, and is close to the ceiling. The ventilation port 230b provided at the height has a function of preventing turbulent flow in the ceiling.

  It is the first damper 141 and the second damper 142 that determine the rate at which the air drawn from the operating room through the ventilation ports 230a and 230b is returned to the air conditioner 110 and the rate at which the air is exhausted from the exhaust port 160. It is. These dampers are appropriately controlled by a control unit (not shown). On the other hand, air from the outside is drawn into the air conditioner 110 by the suction force of the fourth blower fan 134 from the air inlet 150 provided with the filter 151. A third damper 143 is provided between the duct connecting the air inlet 150 and the air conditioner 110, and the amount of air taken in from the outside is controlled.

  Here, the layout of fins in the HEPA filter built-in air outlet 210 and the HEPA filter built-in air curtain air outlet 220 will be described. Such fins determine the flow of air blown out from each outlet. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the fin arrangement of the HEPA filter built-in air outlet 210 and the HEPA filter built-in air curtain air outlet 220 in the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. The number of fins is not limited to that shown in the figure.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a wind control member 215 having a plurality of pores such as punching metal and mesh is provided in the HEPA filter built-in blow-out port 210. The air blown out from the opening 210 becomes a uniform one-way flow directed vertically downward as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the fins 225 provided in the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 are arranged so as to form a predetermined angle θ ₀ with respect to the vertically downward direction. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3, the air blown out from the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet 220 becomes a one-way flow directed in a direction where there is no operating table 205.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of an operating room to which the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied. In FIG. 5, a plurality of lower exhaust ports 230 a are disposed below the top surface of the operating table 205, and a plurality of upper exhaust ports 230 b are disposed above the top surface of the operating table 205. . The total opening area of the upper exhaust port 230b is preferably about 1/4 of the total opening area of the lower exhaust port 230a. By providing the upper exhaust port 230b above the top surface of the operating table 205, dust that tends to stagnate in the upper space other than the place where the operating table 205 is installed in the operating room can be effectively exhausted. In the present embodiment, the upper exhaust port 230b is provided on the side wall of the operating room. However, in the present invention, the upper exhaust port 230b is provided on the operating table 205.
As long as it is above the top surface, it may be installed anywhere, for example, it may be provided on the ceiling surface.

  Next, in addition to the air supply system using the HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet as described above, the operating light 300 having the air supply / exhaust structure used in the air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  6 is a perspective view of a surgical light 300 used in the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a supply / exhaust structure of the surgical light 300a, 300b used in the air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

  The surgical light 300 used in the air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment is attached to a ceiling portion, and an umbrella in which a plurality of light source units 330 are accommodated at the tip of a movable arm unit 310 having a plurality of hinge portions 315. The structure has a portion 320.

  Moreover, the movable arm part 310 and the hinge part 315 have a hollow part, and the said hollow part functions as a duct. The surgical light 300a in FIG. 7 has a blower fan 350 on the back of the ceiling, and can blow air to the hollow portion via the HEPA filter 355. The air purified by the HEPA filter 355 passes through the hollow portion and is clean with respect to the surgical target site (operated field) from the supply / exhaust port 340 which is a space where the light source unit 330 in the umbrella unit 320 is not arranged. It is designed to supply high air.

  On the other hand, the surgical light 300b in FIG. 7 has a pump 360 on the back of the ceiling so that air can be sucked into the hollow portion. Due to the suction of air in the hollow portion, in the surgical light 300b, air in the surgical target site (surgical field) is sucked from the supply / discharge port portion 340 and exhausted.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the case where the surgical light 300a functions as an air supply system and the surgical light 300b functions as an exhaust system has been described as an example. A configuration in which both the lamp 300b is an air supply system or both the operating light 300a and the operating light 300b are an exhaust system is also included in the present invention.

  In the air conditioning system 100 configured as described above, the results of simulation using the hot air flow analysis software “Flow Designer” are shown below.

  FIG. 8 shows the particle concentration in the surgical field when an air supply system or an exhaust system is provided in only one of the two surgical lamps 300a and 300b installed in the operating room, and the inflow / outflow speed of each system is changed. (Particle size 0.5 μm, when 3 people are in the room). It can be seen that, when the wind speed is 0.6 m / s or less, it is more effective to ensure the cleanliness when the operating light 300 functions as an exhaust system.

In FIG. 9, (A) shows the operative field number particle concentration in the case of using a conventional one in which neither of the two surgical lights is provided with an air supply / exhaust system, and (B) shows the present embodiment. In this air conditioning system 100, one operating light 300 is made to function as an air supply system, and the other operating light is the number of operative field particles when a conventional one without an air supply / exhaust system is used. (C) shows the operative field number particle concentration when the two operating lights 300 function as an exhaust system in the air conditioning system 100 according to the present embodiment, and (D) shows the two operating lights. The operating field number particle concentration when 300 is functioned as an air supply system is shown. (E) shows one operating light 300 functioning as an exhaust system, and the other operating light is operated by an air supply / exhaust system. Establishment The non-conventional operative field number particle concentration is shown. (F) shows the case where one of the two surgical lamps 300 functions as an exhaust system and the other functions as an air supply system. The operative field number particle concentration is shown. In addition, when operating the operating light 300 as a supply / exhaust system, the result of having performed this with the wind speed of 0.4 m / s of both supply / exhaust is shown. In addition, the air supply from the EPA filter built-in air outlet 210 and the HEPA filter built-in air curtain air outlet 220 shows the result of performing this at a wind speed of 0.4 m / s.

  As shown in FIG. 9, it can be seen that the number particle concentration in the operative field is reduced when the surgical light 300 is used as either an air supply system or an exhaust system. In addition, it can be seen that the operative field number particle concentration can be reduced even when any one of the surgical lights 300 is used as an air supply system or an exhaust system. Furthermore, most preferably, according to the pattern of (F), an air conditioning system including a HEPA filter built-in outlet, an operating light 300 that functions as an air supply system, and an operating light 300 that functions as an exhaust system are used in combination. For example, the number particle concentration in the operative field can be minimized.

  According to the air conditioning system 100 of the present invention as described above, the turbulence of the airflow based on the surgical light and the doctors and nurses working around the patient is suppressed as much as possible, and the cleanliness of the operation target site (surgical field) is sufficiently high. Securement is possible. As a result, the environmental performance of the surgical field can be improved, such as the removal of odor by using an electric knife in the surgical field.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the previous embodiment, the movable arm portion 310 and the hinge portion 315 are provided with a hollow portion, the hollow portion functions as a duct, and the blower fan 350 and the pump 360 are provided on the back of the ceiling. Was functioning as an air supply system or an exhaust system.

  On the other hand, in other embodiments, by providing the blower fan 350 in the umbrella part 320, the operating light 300 is caused to function as an air supply system or an exhaust system. This will be specifically described below. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a supply / exhaust structure of a surgical light 300 used in an air conditioning system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  In the surgical light 300a of FIG. 10, the air supply system which supplies the air with high cleanness to an operative field is provided by providing the air blowing system which combined the HEPA filter 355 and the ventilation fan 350 in the umbrella part 320. FIG. It is composed.

  On the other hand, in the surgical light 300a of FIG. 10, the ventilation system 350 is provided in the umbrella part 320, and the exhaust system which exhausts the air in an operation field above the umbrella part 320 is comprised.

  According to the embodiment as described above, in addition to being able to enjoy the same effect as the previous embodiment, it is possible to construct an air supply / exhaust system only with the configuration of the umbrella part 320, so that the cost is reduced. It is possible to realize an air conditioning system.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing an air supply / exhaust structure of a surgical light 300 used in an air conditioning system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 11A shows an existing surgical lamp 300 that is not provided with an air supply / exhaust system, and FIG. 11B shows a retrofit to the existing surgical lamp 300 as shown in FIG. Shows an example equipped with an exhaust system.

In the surgical light 300a of FIG. 11 (B), the retrofitted duct 380 is placed over the movable arm 310, and the retrofitted air supply / exhaust part 370 is provided around the existing umbrella part 320, and the retrofitted duct 380 is further provided behind the ceiling. An example in which the surgical light 300a functions as an exhaust system by being connected to the set pump 360 is shown.

  11B, the retrofitted duct 380 is provided in the movable arm unit 310, and the existing umbrella unit 320 is used as a supply / exhaust port. An example in which the surgical light 300a functions as an exhaust system by being connected to the set pump 360 is shown.

  According to the embodiment as described above, the exhaust system can be easily retrofitted to the existing surgical lamp 300.

  In the embodiments described so far, the case where the operating light 300 is provided with the umbrella portion 320 has been described as an example. However, the umbrella portion 320 in the operating light 300 is not an indispensable constituent element. The air conditioning system 100 according to the present invention can also be configured by the surgical light 300 that does not have 320.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Air conditioning system, 110 ... Air conditioner, 120 ... Filter, 131 ... 1st ventilation fan, 132 ... 2nd ventilation fan, 133 ... 3rd ventilation fan, 134 ... -4th ventilation fan, 141 ... 1st damper, 142 ... 2nd damper, 143 ... 3rd damper, 150 ... Intake port, 151 ... Filter, 160 ... Exhaust port, 205 ... Operating table, 210 ... HEPA filter built-in outlet, 211 ... HEPA filter, 215 ... Wind control member, 225 ... Fin, 220 ... HEPA filter built-in air curtain outlet, 221 ... HEPA filter, 230 ... ventilation port, 230a ... lower exhaust port, 230b ... upper exhaust port, 300 ... operating light, 310 ... movable arm part, 31 ... Hinge part, 320 ... Umbrella part, 330 ... Light source part, 340 ... Supply / discharge port part, 350 ... Blower fan, 355 ... HEPA filter, 360 ... Pump, 370 ... Retrofitting air supply / exhaust section, 380 ... Retroductory duct

Claims (5)

An air conditioning system for air conditioning the operating room where the operating table is installed,
A first outlet that is installed on the ceiling of the operating table and blows out air purified by a HEPA filter at a first wind speed;
A first surgical lamp attached to the ceiling and blowing out air purified by a HEPA filter;
An air conditioning system comprising: a second shadowless lamp that is attached to the ceiling and sucks air. An air conditioning system for air conditioning the operating room where the operating table is installed,
A first outlet that is installed on the ceiling of the operating table and blows out air purified by a HEPA filter at a first wind speed;
A first surgical light attached to the ceiling and sucking air;
An air conditioning system comprising: a second shadowless lamp that is attached to the ceiling and sucks air. A second outlet that is installed around the first outlet and blows out air at a second wind speed that is slower than the first wind speed;
The first blowout port projection surface formed by the first blowout port when the projection in the vertical direction is performed includes an operating table projection surface formed by the operating table. The air conditioning system described. The air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air blown out from the first outlet is a one-way flow directed vertically downward. The air-conditioning system according to claim 3 , wherein the air blown from the second blow-out port is a one-way flow directed in a direction in which the operating table is not present.

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