JP5631287B2 - Original plate material for heat exchange plate and method for producing original plate material for heat exchange plate - Google Patents

Description

   The present invention relates to a base plate material for a heat exchange plate and a method for manufacturing the base plate material for a heat exchange plate.

Conventionally, it is desired that a heat exchange plate incorporated in a heat exchanger or the like has high heat conductivity. In order to improve the heat transfer, it is preferable to form micron-order fine unevenness on the surface of the plate to enlarge the surface area. As a method for transferring such micron-order fine unevenness, for example, Patent Document 1 The technology shown in Fig. 2 has been developed.
In the transfer method to the metal plate surface of Patent Document 1, the metal sheet is transferred by rotating the transfer roll, and the uneven transfer portion transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the transfer roll is pressed against the transferred metal sheet. By doing so, a transferred portion having substantially the same uneven shape as the transfer portion of the transfer roll is formed on the surface of the metal sheet.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 forms a plate pattern with a predetermined pattern of holes formed on a plate, and stacks two plates by crossing the hole rows to form a plate set, and a partition plate and a plate set having communication holes at four corners. A plate type heat exchanger is disclosed in which fluid layers are alternately stacked to form a fluid circulation layer partitioned by a partition plate, and each circulation layer communicates with a circulation layer that is separated from the upper and lower layers. In order to improve heat transfer and strength, the heat exchange plate used in this heat exchanger has, for example, a mountain-shaped groove with a height of several millimeters to several centimeters called “herringbone” in the heat exchange plate itself. It is press-molded and then incorporated into a heat exchanger.

JP 2006-239744 A JP 2009-192140 A (for example, FIG. 6)

As disclosed in Patent Document 1, in a heat exchange plate, fine irregularities of micron order are formed on the surface of a flat plate material, and the heat transfer is improved by increasing the surface area. A flat plate with fine irregularities formed on it is rarely used as it is as a heat exchange plate.
That is, as disclosed in FIG. 6 of Patent Document 2, a flat plate member on which fine irregularities are usually formed is a mountain-shaped groove having a height of several millimeters to several centimeters called a “herringbone” on its plane. Is press molded and then incorporated into a heat exchanger. Therefore, press formability is desired for the flat plate material after the formation of fine irregularities.

  In particular, when the flat plate is made of titanium, titanium is a material having anisotropy, and the anisotropy of the material affects the deformation behavior such as the reduction of the plate thickness and the strain gradient in the stress concentration part. Compared with other materials that do not have, the press formability is remarkably poor. Titanium is a material that tends to seize, and if the lubricating oil film breaks during pressing, wrinkles are likely to occur due to breakage of the material or contact with a press die or tool.

Naturally, the techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 do not disclose a technique for manufacturing a heat exchange plate after overcoming the difficulty of a flat plate made of titanium.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention is very excellent in heat transfer due to the formation of irregularities on the surface, and has very good workability in press forming as a post-treatment, and is easily used for heat exchange. An object of the present invention is to provide a base plate material for a heat exchange plate that can be formed into a plate, and a method for manufacturing the base plate material.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical means.
That is, the base plate material of the heat exchange plate in the present invention is constituted by a titanium flat plate material having fine irregularities formed on the surface, and forms a peak height of millimeter order or more with respect to the flat plate material as a post-processing. It is a base plate material that becomes a heat exchange plate after being pressed, and in order to improve the formability during the pressing, the height of the protrusion (μm) × [the width of the recess (μm) ) / Pitch of adjacent convex portions (μm)], the surface of the base plate is uneven so that the shape parameter is 12 μm or less.

It is preferable that the unevenness is formed on the surface of the base plate material so that the shape parameter is 4 μm or more.
The convex portions are preferably circular in a plan view, and are arranged in a staggered manner on the surface of the flat plate material.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the height of the convex part is a ten-point average roughness Rz of 5 μm or more and 0.1 × thickness of the flat plate material of μm or less.

  Further, the manufacturing method of the base plate material of the heat exchange plate in the present invention is constituted by a titanium flat plate material having fine irregularities formed on the surface, and as a post-processing, a peak height of millimeter order or more with respect to the flat plate material. Is a method for producing a base plate material to be a heat exchange plate after being subjected to press working, in order to improve the formability at the time of the press work, the height of the convex portion (μm) × The unevenness is formed on the surface of the base plate so that the shape parameter defined by [width of concave portion (μm) / pitch of adjacent convex portion (μm)] is 12 μm or less.

It is preferable to form the unevenness on the surface of the base plate material so that the shape parameter is 4 μm or more.
Moreover, it is preferable to form the said convex part in circular shape by planar view, and to form in the staggered arrangement | positioning on the surface of a flat plate material.
Furthermore, the convex portion may be formed on the surface of the flat plate so that the height of the convex portion is 10 μm or more and the ten-point average roughness Rz is 5 μm or more and 0.1 × thickness μm or less of the flat plate material. preferable.
The most preferable form of the base plate material of the heat exchange plate according to the present embodiment is composed of a flat plate made of titanium having fine irregularities formed on the surface, and is in the order of millimeters or more with respect to the flat plate material as post-processing. Is a base plate material that becomes a heat exchange plate after being subjected to press working to form a peak height, and in order to improve the formability during the press work, the height of the convex portion (μm) × The unevenness of the surface of the base plate material is formed so that the shape parameter defined by [width of concave portion (μm) / pitch of adjacent convex portion (μm)] is 12 μm or less, and the convex portion is flat. It is circular in shape and is arranged in a staggered pattern on the surface of the flat plate material, and the height of the projections is uniform, and the height of the projections is such that the ten-point average roughness Rz is 5 μm or more. And the thickness of the 0.1 × flat plate is not more than μm. It is characterized by that.
Moreover, the most preferable form of the manufacturing method of the base plate material of the plate for heat exchange which concerns on this embodiment is comprised with the flat plate material made from titanium with which the fine unevenness | corrugation was formed in the surface, and with respect to the said flat plate material as post-processing. A method of manufacturing a base plate material that becomes a heat exchange plate after being pressed to form a peak height of a millimeter order or more, with respect to the irregularities, the convex portions are circular in plan view and uniform in height. And the shape parameter defined by the height of the convex portion (μm) × [the width of the concave portion (μm) / the pitch of the adjacent convex portion (μm)]. The unevenness is formed on the surface of the base plate so that the height of the convex portion is 12 μm or less, and the ten-point average roughness Rz is 5 μm or more, and the thickness of the flat plate is 0.1 × μm or less. It is characterized by forming.

  By using the base plate material according to the technique of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a heat exchange plate without causing cracks or the like during press working. The manufactured heat exchange plate is very excellent in heat transfer.

The manufacturing method of the plate for heat exchange is shown. It is the figure which showed the uneven | corrugated shape formed in the surface of the original board | plate material. It is the figure which showed another uneven | corrugated shape formed in the surface of the original board | plate material. It is the figure which showed the relationship between L / P and a stress concentration rate. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the uneven | corrugated shaped dimension shape formed in the surface of the original board | plate material, and heat-transfer efficiency, and the relationship between the uneven | corrugated shaped dimension shape formed in the surface of the original board | plate material, and the good press-formability. It is the figure which showed the outline of the apparatus which forms uneven | corrugated shape on the surface of a base plate material. It is a reference figure for calculating a press formability score.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a method for manufacturing a heat exchange plate.
As shown in FIG. 1, when manufacturing a heat exchange plate, first, as shown in FIG. 1A, a flat plate 1 as a material is formed in a predetermined size. And as shown in FIG.1 (b), the plate base plate (original plate material) which formed the fine uneven | corrugated shape in the surface 1a of the flat plate material 1 by pressing the flat plate material 1 is produced. Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), heat is generated by forming, for example, a mountain-shaped groove 3 called a herringbone on the plate base plate 2 (base plate material) having fine irregularities formed on the surface 2a. The replacement plate 4 is manufactured.

A flat plate 1 shown in FIG. 1A is a titanium material, and its dimensions and plate thickness are determined in consideration of the desired size and plate thickness of the heat exchange plate 4 which is the final product.
A plate base plate 2 is formed on the surface 1a of the flat plate 1 by forming a fine uneven shape (a plurality of convex portions 5 and concave portions 6 sandwiched between the convex portions 5) by using a processing apparatus 10 described later. Is formed. The plate base plate 2 on which the concavo-convex shape is formed has very good heat conductivity (having a very high heat transfer rate). In addition, since the plate base plate 2 of the present invention is made of titanium, characteristics such as corrosion resistance, strength, and weight reduction are superior to other metals. Therefore, it is suitable for products that require corrosion resistance and strength, such as plates of plate heat exchangers.

  The herringbone 3 formed on the plate base plate 2 is a plurality of grooves having a skeleton shape, and the size of the grooves is a height of several millimeters to several centimeters, in other words, a peak height of millimeter order or more. The base plate 2 is incorporated into a heat exchanger. The oblique lattice shape represented by the herringbone 3 and the like is a wall in which the irregularities are perpendicular to the working fluid regardless of the flow from any direction even when the flow of the working fluid inside the heat exchanger is uneven. As a result, it contributes to the improvement of heat transfer by turbulent flow.

Hereinafter, details of the uneven shape on the surface of the plate base plate 2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2A, the convex portion 5 formed on the surface 2a of the plate base plate 2 is circular in a plan view, and its diameter D is 400 μm or more. The arrangement of the projections 5 in a plan view is staggered. Here, the staggered arrangement (staggered arrangement) means that the centers of the convex portions 5 and 5 adjacent to either one are not aligned in a straight line in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

Specifically, in the plate base plate 2, the protrusions 5 and 5 adjacent in the vertical direction are shifted by a half pitch in the horizontal direction, and a straight line (one point) connecting the centers of the protrusions 5 adjacent in the horizontal direction. The convex portion 5 may be arranged so that the angle θ between the chain line A and the straight line (one-dot chain line) B connecting the centers of the convex portions 5 adjacent in the vertical direction is 60 °.
By adopting a staggered lattice arrangement in this way, the unevenness can be a wall perpendicular to the working fluid in any direction from the direction of flow when the working fluid flow in the heat exchanger is uneven. It contributes to the improvement of heat transfer by turbulent flow. Moreover, it is possible to cope with stress concentration caused by anisotropy with respect to an anisotropic material such as titanium.

  The distance L between the convex portions 5 adjacent in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction (the width L of the concave portion 6) is preferably 200 μm or more. The width L of the concave portion 6 is the shortest distance between the convex portions 5 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and “width L of the concave portion 6 = pitch P− of the convex portions 5 adjacent to each other” Diameter D / 2) × 2 ”. Moreover, the pitch P of the adjacent convex parts 5 is the distance between the centers of the nearest convex parts 5 adjacent in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction (the center distance between the convex parts 5 at the shortest distance).

The width L of the concave portion 6 shown in FIG. 2A is the same value in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction (the distance between the convex portions 5 adjacent in the vertical direction and the distance between the convex portions 5 adjacent in the horizontal direction. And the same value). The pitch P of adjacent convex portions 5 (the distance between the centers of the convex portions 5) is preferably 600 μm or more.
As shown in FIG. 2B, the convex portion 5 formed on the surface of the plate base plate 2 has an upper wall 8 that rises upward in a sectional view and a front wall that horizontally connects the upper edge of the upper wall 8. 9 and a trapezoidal shape. In other words, the convex part 5 has a flat part (horizontal part) at the top. The height of the convex portion 5 (upper wall 8) indicated by the ten-point average roughness Rz (hereinafter sometimes referred to as height Rz) is 5 μm or more, and the plate thickness t of the plate base plate 2 1/10 (1/10) or less.

  The height Rz of the convex portion 5 is within this range. If the uneven shape is too large with respect to the plate thickness, the flatness (shape) cannot be ensured during rolling transfer in the processing apparatus 10 described later, and the rolling stability This is because sex cannot be obtained. Further, in a plate where flatness cannot be ensured, stress distribution is generated during press forming in a subsequent process, and thus cracks occur at locations where the stress is high. That is, if the height Rz of the convex portion 5 is too large during press working, it causes a crack (starting point) and causes wrinkles. On the other hand, if the height Rz is too small (5 μm or less), the heat transfer efficiency cannot be improved.

By the way, the convex part 5 includes not only a perfect circle but also an elliptical shape with a flatness ratio of about 0.2. In addition, regarding the planar view shape of the convex portion 5, various shapes such as a square shape are conceivable. However, from the viewpoint of avoiding stress concentration at the time of press processing performed in a subsequent process, a substantially circular shape is preferable.
By the way, the staggered arrangement state of the convex portions 5 is not limited to that shown in FIG.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a straight line (dashed line) C connecting the centers of the convex parts 5 adjacent in the horizontal direction and a straight line (dashed line) connecting the centers of the convex parts 5 adjacent in the vertical direction. The convex portion 5 may be arranged so that the angle θ with respect to D is 45 °, or may be another angle.
The matter which becomes the basis regarding the uneven | corrugated shape of the above plate base plates 2 is demonstrated.
When the inventor manufactures the plate base plate 2, the height Rz of the convex portions 5 formed on the surface of the plate base plate 2, the number of the convex portions 5 (width L of the concave portions 6), and the pitch P of the adjacent convex portions. In order to optimize the above, attention was paid to the shape parameter “[height Rz of the convex portion 5 × (width L of the concave portion 6 / pitch P of the adjacent convex portion)]” including the above.

  First, among the shape parameters described above, when the height Rz of the convex portion 5 is constant and the width L of the concave portion 6 / the pitch P (L / P) of the adjacent convex portions is changed, FIG. As shown, the stress concentration rate tends to increase as L / P increases. In other words, if the width L of the concave portion 6 is too large or the pitch P of the convex portion is too narrow, cracks occur when stress is concentrated and press molding (press processing for forming a herringbone or the like) is performed. It becomes easy to do.

On the other hand, among the shape parameters described above, considering the situation where the height Rz of the convex portion 5 is changed and the height Rz of the convex portion 5 is increased, the same as the width L of the concave portion 6 and the pitch P of the adjacent convex portions. In addition, when press molding is performed, there is a possibility that a non-uniform stress distribution occurs and cracks occur in places where the stress is high.
Therefore, considering the press formability of the plate base plate 2, it is optimal that the height Rz of the convex portion 5 or the width L of the concave portion 6 is not too large, and the pitch P of the convex portion is not too narrow. The shape parameter to be represented is considered to have an upper limit value.

Therefore, the applicants of the present application perform computer simulation on the titanium plate base plate 2 on which irregularities of various shapes are formed, and the shape parameter “[height Rz of the convex portion 5 × (width L of the concave portion 6). / Pitch P]] ”adjacent to the convex portion and the press formability were clarified.
FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the shape parameter and the press formability score. As shown in FIG. 5, although the press formability score decreases as the shape parameter increases, the press formability score can be 60 or more as long as the shape parameter is 12 μm or less. That is, if the shape parameter is 12 μm or less, a situation where the press formability is lowered can be avoided.

  Regarding the formability in press working, an index called “press formability score” is used. If this value is 60 points or more, the desired shape can be reliably obtained by press forming without cracking. It is supposed that it can be molded. In this embodiment, when calculating the press formability score, as shown in FIG. 7, 36 points are assigned to the heat exchange plate 4 after forming (after pressing), and these points are put together. Was used as a press formability score. Specifically, in the plate 4 for heat exchange, at each point (each part) intersecting with the A line, C line, and E line facing in the vertical direction, 2 points if there is no crack and 1 point if there is a tendency to necking, 1 point If this occurs, the score is 0. Also, at each point (part) that intersects the B line and D line facing in the vertical direction, it is 1 point if it is healthy, 0.5 point if there is a tendency to necking, 0 point if there is a crack, The crack state is quantified by multiplying the score by the reciprocal of the value of R shown in FIG. And the ratio in which the crack with respect to the whole total score does not occur is calculated, and the value is made into the press formability score.

  As described above, if the shape parameter is 12 μm or less, the situation where the press formability is reduced can be avoided, but the plate base plate 2 of the present invention is the source of the plate constituting the heat exchanger. It serves as a partition wall for heat exchange. Therefore, the plate base plate 2 of the present invention is also required to have a high heat transfer coefficient (high heat transfer efficiency).

Therefore, considering the heat transfer efficiency of the plate (heat exchange plate) with the uneven shape (heat exchange plate) assuming that the heat transfer efficiency of the “flat plate not forming the uneven shape” is 1.00, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange plate is 1. Although it is necessary to be greater than 00, it is desirable that the heat transfer efficiency be 1.05 or more in order to achieve a remarkable effect in an actual heat exchanger.
Here, the relationship between heat transfer efficiency and shape parameters is considered. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, the shape parameter is gradually reduced from 12 μm by decreasing the height Rz of the convex portion 5, reducing the width L of the concave portion 6, or increasing the pitch P of the convex portion. Become. As described above, when the shape parameter is gradually reduced, the heat transfer efficiency is also gradually reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency approaches a flat plate having no unevenness. However, when the shape parameter is 4 μm or more, the heat transfer efficiency (1.05 or more) required in an actual heat exchanger can be ensured.

Therefore, from the viewpoint of heat transfer efficiency, in manufacturing the plate base plate 2, it is preferable to set the shape parameter to 4 μm or more.
Now, the smaller the width L of the recess 6, the smaller the shape parameter. Considering from the viewpoint of the temperature boundary layer when the fluid is flowed, if the width L of the concave portion 6 is too small, the heat conductivity is reduced. Therefore, it is better to secure the width L of the concave portion 6 to some extent. It seems that the parameters also need to be large to some extent.

Thus, even from the viewpoint of the relationship between the temperature boundary layer and the width L of the concave portion 6, even if the shape parameter is 12 μm or less, it is necessary to secure a certain amount. Thus, it is considered necessary to be 4 μm or more.
By setting the shape parameter to any value within 4 μm to 12 μm, and as described above, the height Rz of the convex portion 5 is 10 point average roughness Rz of 5 μm to 0.1 × thickness of the flat plate material μm, Naturally, the width L or the pitch of the convex portions 5 of the concave portion 6 is determined (can be determined).

In addition, if considering the workability in the press work performed in the post process and the prevention of deformation of the concavo-convex portion 5, the pressure-bonding area ratio S in the plate base plate 2 is the concavo-convex shape in FIG. It is preferable to satisfy the formula (1).

Yield stress σy of flat plate material (titanium)> Surface pressure applied to convex part during pressing (P / S) (1)

Here, S1 = P · P · tan (θ / 180 · π) / 4
S2 = π / 4 · D · D / 2
S = crimp area ratio = S2 / S1
P = Load during pressing

S1 in Expression (1) is the area of the plane in FIG. 2 (the area of the triangle surrounded by the straight lines A and B shown in FIG. 2). S2 in Expression (2) is the area of the protrusions in FIG. 2 (the area of the protrusions existing in the above-described triangle).

  In this way, by using the base plate material 2 made of titanium and having an uneven surface with a shape parameter of 4 μm to 12 μm formed on the surface, the heat exchanger can be used without causing cracks during pressing. The plate 4 for heat exchange which comprises can be manufactured. The heat exchange plate 4 manufactured in this way has a heat exchange rate of 1.05 or more and a very excellent heat transfer property, and the heat exchanger in which the heat exchange plate 4 is incorporated is The heat exchange efficiency is very high.

By the way, the above-mentioned plate base plate 2 can be formed using the processing apparatus 10 as shown in FIG.
The processing apparatus 10 includes a transfer roll 11, a processing roll 12, and a support roll 13. The transfer roll 11 is for transferring the flat plate 1 and is arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side as viewed from the processing roll 12.

  The processing roll 12 forms unevenness of micron order (several μm to several hundred μm) on the surface of the flat plate 1 being transferred. Specifically, the processing roll 12 forms the convex portion 5 and the concave portion 6 on the surface 1a of the flat plate 1 so that the shape parameter of the processed plate base plate 2 is 4 μm to 12 μm. That is, the processing roll 12 has a height Rz of the convex portion 5, a width L of the concave portion 6, and an adjacent convex portion for forming the convex portion 5 and the concave portion 6 so that the shape parameter is 4 μm to 12 μm. The pitch P is set.

  On the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the processing roll 12, a processing portion 14 having a convex shape (trapezoidal convex) is formed by etching or discharge dull. The height of the processed portion 14 is set so that the height Rz of the convex portion 5 in the plate base plate 2 after processing is 5 μm or more and 0.1 × thickness of the flat plate material is less than μm. The surface layer of the work roll 12 is preferably subjected to Cr plating or tungsten carbide treatment from the viewpoint of load resistance and wear resistance.

  In this processing apparatus 10, the processing portion 14 provided on the processing roll 12 is pressed against the surface of the flat plate 1 while rotating the processing roll 12, thereby reversing the processing portion 14 on the surface of the flat plate 1. The same convex part 5 and concave part 6 can be formed. That is, it is possible to form the plate base plate 2 having irregularities with a shape parameter of 4 μm to 12 μm or less, a height Rz of 5 μm or more and 10% or less with respect to the plate thickness t by the processing apparatus 10. In addition, formation of the convex part 5 is not limited to an above-described processing apparatus.

By the way, it should be thought that embodiment disclosed this time is an illustration and restrictive at no points. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.
For example, the plate 4 for heat exchange is manufactured by pressing the plate base plate 2, but the press processing of the plate base plate 2 may be anything and may not form the herringbone as described above. .

  In addition, it is known that the “score”, which is an evaluation standard for press formability in the present invention, has a good correlation with an Erichsen value (Ericsen test), which is a general evaluation method for press formability. The press formability can be accurately evaluated by the score used in the present invention.

  The base plate material of the heat exchange plate of the present invention is suitable as a base plate of a plate constituting a heat exchanger used for offshore power generation or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Flat plate material 1a Flat plate surface 2 Plate base plate (original plate material)
2a Surface of plate base plate 3 Groove 4 Heat exchange plate 5 Convex part 6 Concave part 8 Upper wall 9 Front wall 10 Processing apparatus 11 Transfer roll 12 Work roll 13 Support roll

Claims (4)

It is composed of a flat plate made of titanium with fine irregularities formed on the surface, and is used as a plate for heat exchange after being subjected to press working to form a peak height of millimeter order or more with respect to the flat plate as post-processing. Board material,
In order to improve the formability at the time of the press work, regarding the unevenness, a shape parameter defined by the height of the convex portion (μm) × [the width of the concave portion (μm) / the pitch of the adjacent convex portion (μm)] Unevenness on the surface of the base plate material is formed so as to be 12 μm or less,
The convex portions are circular in plan view, are arranged in a staggered manner on the surface of the flat plate material, and the height of the convex portions is uniform,
The base plate material for a heat exchanging plate, wherein the height of the convex portion is such that the ten-point average roughness Rz is 5 μm or more and 0.1 × thickness of the flat plate material is not more than μm.   2. The base plate material for a heat exchange plate according to claim 1, wherein the unevenness is formed on a surface of the base plate material so that the shape parameter is 4 μm or more. It is composed of a flat plate made of titanium with fine irregularities formed on the surface, and is used as a plate for heat exchange after being subjected to press working to form a peak height of millimeter order or more with respect to the flat plate as post-processing. A method of manufacturing a plate material,
Concerning the irregularities, the convex portions are formed in a circular shape and a uniform height in a plan view, and are formed in a staggered arrangement on the surface of the flat plate, and the height of the convex portion (μm) × [the width of the concave portion (μm ) / Pitch of adjacent protrusions (μm)] is 12 μm or less, and the height of the protrusions is 10 points average roughness Rz of 5 μm or more, and 0.1 × flat plate The manufacturing method of the base plate material of the plate for heat exchange characterized by forming the said unevenness | corrugation in the surface of the said base plate material so that it may become thickness of a material micrometer or less. The method for producing a base plate material for a heat exchange plate according to claim 3 , wherein the unevenness is formed on a surface of the base plate material so that the shape parameter is 4 µm or more.

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