JP5408971B2 - シート接合体作製方法 - Google Patents
シート接合体作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5408971B2 JP5408971B2 JP2008301133A JP2008301133A JP5408971B2 JP 5408971 B2 JP5408971 B2 JP 5408971B2 JP 2008301133 A JP2008301133 A JP 2008301133A JP 2008301133 A JP2008301133 A JP 2008301133A JP 5408971 B2 JP5408971 B2 JP 5408971B2
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C65/1658—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning once, e.g. contour laser welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
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- B29C65/1683—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
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- B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
- B29C66/83431—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types rollers, cylinders or drums cooperating with bands or belts
- B29C66/83435—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types rollers, cylinders or drums cooperating with bands or belts said rollers, cylinders or drums being hollow
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73117—Tg, i.e. glass transition temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
また、ラミネートフィルムを作製するのに際して、複数枚の樹脂シート、あるいは、金属フィルムと樹脂シートとを積重して積層体を形成させて熱ラミネーションによる接合を実施してシート接合体を形成させることが行われている。
この溶着によるシート接合体の作製方法においては、シート状部材どうしが二層に重なり合わされている積層体を形成させ、しかも、少なくとも一層を樹脂シートとして積層体を形成させ、この積層体に樹脂シートの背面側からレーザー光を照射して、シート状部材どうしが接する界面部を溶融させて接合する方法などが知られている(例えば、特許文献1)。
一方で、レーザー光を用いる方法は、一つの溶着箇所と別の溶着箇所とで接合強度の差異を生じやすく、作製されるシート接合体の接合品質を向上させることが困難であるという問題を有している。
図1は、本実施形態に係るシート接合体作製方法を示す側面図である。
この図1にも示されているように、本実施形態においては、2枚のシート状部材1a、1bが水平方向に広がった状態で互いに重なり合う積層構造を有する積層体1を平板状の支持材2の上に形成させて、前記積層体1の上方に設けたレーザー照射装置4からレーザー光4aを照射して2枚のシート状部材1a、1bの界面部を加熱して溶着を実施する。
そして、前記支持材2は、5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が0.5μm以上10μm以下となる弾性を有していることがより好ましく、5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が0.7μm以上5μm以下となる弾性を有していることがさらに好ましい。
また、支持材2の好適な圧縮歪量の上限値が20μmとされているのは、5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が20μmを超える支持材を用いた場合、溶着時における熱膨張等といった第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとの積層方向(厚み方向)に作用する応力に対して支持材が容易に変形してシート接合体に十分な接合強度が付与されないおそれを有するためである。
したがって、鋼、ステンレスなどの金属材料や、ガラスなどの無機材料、あるいは、融点が200℃以上のゴム組成物や樹脂組成物によって支持材が形成されていることが好ましい。
前記ゴム組成物としては、高いクッション性を有するシリコーンゴム組成物などが挙げられる。
また、前記押さえ部材3には、照射されたレーザー光4aを透過させて積層体1に到達させるべく、積層体1の加圧に耐え得る十分な強度を有するとともにレーザー光4aの透過性能に優れたものが好適に用いられ、例えば、透明なガラス板のようなものが好適に用いられ得る。
なお、種々のレーザー光に対する透過性に優れ、高い強度を有している点においては、押さえ部材3として、円筒又は円柱状のガラスや、球状のガラスを用いる場合も同様である。
また、このようなガラス製の押さえ部材3を用いることなく、加圧気体によって第一シート状部材1aの上面(背面)を加圧する場合には、レーザー照射装置4から第一シート状部材1aに到達するレーザー光4aのエネルギー低下をよりいっそう抑制させ得る点において好適であるといえる。
より好ましくは、0.02〜0.25mm厚みの樹脂フィルムを用いることが望ましく、0.02〜0.10mm厚みの樹脂フィルムを用いることがさらに望ましい。
また、第一シート状部材1aを構成する樹脂フィルムが、上記のような厚みであることが好ましいのは、0.50mmよりも厚い樹脂フィルムは、一般的に剛性が高いことから厚みのバラツキなどが生じていた場合に、第二シート状部材1bとの界面に、背面側からの加圧作用を反映させることが難しくなって接合品質を低下させるおそれを有するためである。
これら金属フィルムの内、特に、ステンレスフィルムにおいては、他の銅フィルムやアルミニウムフィルムなどに比べてコシが強いことから、樹脂シートとの界面における接触状態にバラツキを生じさせやすく、本発明の効果がより顕著に発揮されうる。
しかも、ステンレスフィルムは、銅フィルムやアルミニウムフィルムなどに比べて熱拡散性が低く、レーザー光の照射による熱エネルギーが樹脂シートの溶着に有効に活用されうる点においても優れている。
なかでも、10μm〜200μmのいずれかの厚みの金属フィルムが好ましく、20μm〜100μmの厚みの金属フィルムがさらに好ましい。
本実施形態において第二シート状部材1bに上記のような厚みの範囲の金属フィルムが用いられるのは、金属フィルムの厚みが5μm未満では金属フィルムの熱容量が小さくなりすぎて、樹脂シート(第一シート状部材1a)との溶着前に金属フィルム自体が熱変形を起こしてしまうおそれがあるためである。
また、本実施形態において第二シート状部材1bに上記のような厚みの範囲の金属フィルムが用いられるのは、金属フィルムの厚みが500μmを超えると、金属フィルムを通じての熱の拡散が生じやすく、レーザー光4aが照射された箇所において樹脂シート(第一シート状部材1a)の温度を十分上昇させることができず、十分な溶着が行われないおそれを有するためである。
例えば、熱硬化性ポリイミド又は熱可塑性ポリイミドかのいずれかが用いられている樹脂組成物によって形成された樹脂シートとステンレスフィルムなどとが接合されたシート接合体は、耐熱性のみならず機械的強度などにおいても優れており、しかも、このポリイミドシートと金属フィルムとが高い接合品質で接合されることから、信頼性の高いシート接合体を得ることができる。
なお、樹脂シートに用いられる樹脂組成物のガラス転移温度は、10℃/min程度の昇温速度による示差走査熱量測定(DSC)によって得られたチャートを用いて、接線法などによって求めることができる。
また、レーザー光を集光させる手段も、特に限定されず、シリンドリカルレンズや回折光学素子(DOE)レンズを用いる従来公知の手段を採用することができる。
また、第一シート状部材1aとして用いる樹脂シートを透過する光透過率が30%以上となる波長のレーザー光を照射可能なレーザー照射装置を用いることが好ましく、50%以上の光透過率となる波長のレーザー光を照射可能なレーザー照射装置を用いることがより好ましく、70%以上の光透過率となるレーザー照射装置を用いることが特に好ましい。
そして、両シート状部材1a、1bの分解等を避け、溶着を促す目的で、瞬間的に高いエネルギーを投入するパルスレーザーよりも連続波のCWレーザーの方が好適に用いられ得る。
また、レーザー照射装置4の出力などについては、積層体1の界面部における光吸収性やシート状部材1a、1bの材質、厚み等によって適宜選択すればよい。
本実施形態においては、カーボンブラック、ポルフィリン系有機顔料、無機顔料、染料など、従来公知の光吸収剤を用いることができる。
前記土台G上に、前記支持材2を配し、第二シート状部材1bと第一シート状部材1aとを順に重ね合わせ、支持材2の上に二枚のシート状部材による積層体を形成させる。
このとき、予め、第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとのいずれかに光吸収剤を塗布しておいて、この塗布面が内側となるように積層体を形成させる。
そして、この第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとが積層された積層体1の上に、さらに、押さえ部材3を載置して、該押さえ部材で積層体1を加圧する。
このとき、接合品質に優れたシート接合体を作製するためには、第一シート状部材1aに1kgf/cm2〜100kgf/cm2のいずれかの圧力が発生するように前記荷重Fの調整を行う必要がある。
第一シート状部材1aに加える圧力が上記のような範囲とされるのは、下限値未満の場合には、第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとの密着性が不足して、溶着後の接合強度が不足するおそれがあり、上限値を超える場合には第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとのいずれかを変形させてしまうおそれを有するためである。
このとき押さえ部材3にガラス板などを用いることによって、照射したレーザー光4aを、そのエネルギーを押さえ部材3に殆ど吸収させることなく積層体1の上面(第一シート状部材1aの背面)に到達させることができる。
そして、第一シート状部材1aの背面側から、第二シート状部材1bとの界面側へと第一シート状部材1aを通過したレーザー光4aは、この界面部に配された光吸収剤にその光が吸収され、熱エネルギーに変換される。
このときの発熱によって、第一シート状部材1aの内面側が溶融して、溶融樹脂が第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとの界面に充満され第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとが溶着されることとなる。
そして、このレーザー光4aのスポット位置を、走査させるなどしてレーザー光4aが照射される領域を広げ、第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとの間に広範囲な溶着箇所を形成させる。
しかも、第二シート状部材1bが、所定の弾性を有する支持材2によって背面側から支持されており、第一シート状部材1aが所定の圧力で加圧されていることから、この溶着コンディションが溶着領域全般において略均質な状態となる。
また、別の箇所において溶着を実施した場合にも、先の溶着箇所と同等の溶着状態で第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとを接合させることができる。
すなわち、接合品質に優れたシート接合体が形成されることとなる。
この図2に例示のシート接合体の製造方法では、第一シート状部材1aが長尺帯状でロール状に巻回されたものがシート接合体の作製に供される。
また、同様に第二シート状部材1bも長尺帯状のものがロール巻きされた状態でシート接合体の作製に供される。
また、このシート接合体作製方法においては、前記支持材2として、例えば、無端状のシリコーンゴム平ベルトなどが用いられ、該支持材2は、図1における土台Gに相当するテーブル6の上面に摺接されるようにローラ7に巻きかけられて用いられる。
また、図2に例示のシート接合体の製造方法では、中空円筒状のガラス製押さえ部材3が用いられ、該押さえ部材3は、前記シリコーンゴム平ベルトの移動方向にあわせて外周面を移動させ得るように回転自在な状態で前記テーブル6の上方に配されている。
そして、図2に例示のシート接合体の製造方法では、円筒状の押さえ部材3の中空領域に配されているレーザー照射装置4からシリコーンゴム平ベルト側に向けてレーザー光4aを照射し、この押さえ部材3とシリコーンゴム平ベルトとの間を通過する第一シート状部材1aと第二シート状部材1bとの溶着を実施する。
そして、この押さえ部材3を、第二シート状部材1bと第一シート状部材1aとの積層体の上面に当接させつつ、積層体の送り出される方向にしたがって回転させるとともに、前記支持材2を積層体の下面に当接させつつ積層体の送り出される方向に移動させる。
このとき押さえ部材3に下向き荷重を加えることによって、第一シート状部材1aを第二シート状部材1b側に加圧しつつレーザー光4aを照射して溶着を実施させ、得られたシート接合体5をロール状に巻き取ることによって連続的な生産を実施する。
支持材(1mm厚みのガラス板、5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が1.2μm)の上に、金属フィルム(25μm厚みのSUS304フィルム、大きさ10mm×50mm)と樹脂シート(35μm厚みのポリイミドフィルム、大きさ10mm×50mm)とを順に積層し、上面側からガラス板で15kgf/cm2の圧力で加圧を行い、この加圧に用いているガラス板を通してレーザー光(波長940nm、出力30W、スポット径2mmφ)を照射し、ビームスポットを30mm/sの速度で走査させて線状の溶着を実施した。
得られたシート接合体は、30N/cm2以上の接合強度(せん断強度)を有していた。
また、溶着がされている線状の区間は、均質な溶着が行われていることが目視にて確認できた。
支持材を5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が11.3μmのアラミド系不織布(280μm厚み)に代えた以外は、実施例1と同様にシート接合体を作製した。
得られたシート接合体は、30N/cm2以上の接合強度(せん断強度)を有していた。
また、溶着がされている線状の区間は、均質な溶着が行われていることが目視にて確認できた。
支持材を5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が20.4μmのアラミド系不織布(300μm厚み)に代えた以外は、実施例1と同様にシート接合体の作製を試みた。
しかし、レーザー光による発熱で生じた応力に支持材が対抗出来ずに変形を生じてしまった結果、樹脂シートと金属フィルムとの溶着がなされずシート接合体を得ることができなかった。
支持材を5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が356.0μmのシリコーンゴムシート(1mm厚み)に代えた以外は、実施例1と同様にシート接合体の作製を試みた。
しかし、レーザー光による発熱で生じた応力に支持材が対抗出来ずに変形を生じてしまった結果、樹脂シートと金属フィルムとの溶着がなされずシート接合体を得ることができなかった。
Claims (8)
- 金属フィルムと樹脂シートとを重ね合わせて積層体を形成させ、前記樹脂シートの背面側から前記積層体にレーザー光を照射することにより前記樹脂シートと金属フィルムとが溶着されて接合されているシート接合体を作製するシート接合体作製方法であって、
前記金属フィルムの背面側に5MPa加圧時の圧縮歪量が1.2μm以上11.3μm以下となる弾性を有する支持材を当接させ、且つ10μm以上500μm以下の厚みを有する前記樹脂シートを前記金属フィルムに向けて2〜50kgf/cm2の圧力で加圧している状態で前記レーザー光の照射を実施することを特徴とするシート接合体作製方法。 - 前記支持材がガラス製である請求項1記載のシート接合体作製方法。
- 前記樹脂シートの形成に用いられている樹脂組成物が、200℃以上のガラス転移温度を有している請求項1又は2記載のシート接合体作製方法。
- 熱硬化性ポリイミドか、又は熱可塑性ポリイミドかのいずれかが用いられている樹脂組成物によって前記樹脂シートが形成されている請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のシート接合体作製方法。
- 前記金属フィルムがステンレスフィルムである請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載のシート接合体作製方法。
- 前記金属フィルムの厚みが5μm以上500μm以下である請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載のシート接合体の作製方法。
- 前記樹脂シートの背面側に透明なガラス製の部材を押し当てて前記加圧を実施する請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載のシート接合体作製方法。
- 前記樹脂シートの背面側に加圧状態の気体を接触させて前記加圧を実施する請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載のシート接合体作製方法。
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