JP5401260B2 - Attenuator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a damping device that is interposed between an upper structure and a lower structure included in a base-isolated building or the like to reduce relative displacement (horizontal vibration) in the horizontal direction between these structures.

  Conventionally, seismic isolation layers have been used for base isolation buildings. The seismic isolation layer includes, for example, a seismic isolation bearing body such as a laminated rubber that supports a vertical load, and a damping element such as an oil damper. In the event of an earthquake, the seismic isolation bearing body lengthens the building cycle based on the small horizontal rigidity to reduce the input of ground motion to the building, and the damping element attenuates the horizontal vibration of the building.

  An oil damper is a typical damping element used in base-isolated buildings. The oil damper includes a cylinder and a piston that divides the inside of the cylinder into two cylinder chambers. The cylinder is connected to the upper structure of the building, for example, and the piston is connected to the lower structure, whereby the horizontal relative displacement between the upper structure and the lower structure is input to the oil damper. Is done. Then, based on the relative displacement, the piston moves horizontally in the cylinder. At this time, the oil in the cylinder moves between the two cylinder chambers through the orifice of the piston and passes through the orifice. The horizontal vibration between the upper structure and the lower structure is damped using the viscous resistance force at the time as a damping force (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-248520 A

Here, the piston has an allowable stroke length for the movement in the horizontal direction. That is, it has a mechanical movement limit (stroke end). Therefore, within the range of the movement limit, the piston quickly moves horizontally within the cylinder in response to the input relative displacement.However, when the movement limit is reached, the piston cannot move any further, forcibly beyond that. If it is moved, the oil damper may be damaged.
Therefore, at the design stage of the oil damper, the allowable stroke length of the piston is determined by multiplying the estimated value of the relative displacement in the horizontal direction that can be input to the oil damper by the safety factor.

However, in recent years, there are concerns about the occurrence of large-scale earthquakes and long-period ground motions that exceed conventional assumptions. When such an earthquake occurs, ground motion with horizontal amplitude that exceeds conventional assumptions will act on the seismic isolation layer. At that time, relative displacement exceeding the allowable stroke length is also input to the oil damper. In some cases, the oil damper is damaged.
Here, as one proposal for avoiding the damage of the oil damper, it is conceivable to further increase the allowable stroke length. However, increasing the stroke results in a significant cost increase. For this reason, it is considered to be better to maintain the current allowable stroke length and to prevent the input of the relative displacement to the oil damper by applying a fail-safe function to the relative displacement exceeding the allowable stroke length.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and is capable of preventing the damping element from being damaged when an earthquake motion exceeding the allowable stroke length of the damping element such as an oil damper occurs. An object is to provide a damping device having a safe mechanism.

In order to achieve this object, the invention shown in claim 1
A damping element interposed between an upper structure and a lower structure below the upper structure, and a horizontal relative displacement of the upper structure with respect to the lower structure is input to the damping element; In a damping device for reducing the relative displacement based on a damping force generated by a damping element,
A first connecting part for connecting the damping element to the upper structure and a second connecting part for connecting the damping element to the lower structure so that the relative displacement is input to the damping element; Have
At least one of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is connected to a connecting part support member configured to be slidable relative to the upper structure and the lower structure in the horizontal direction. Connected to the structure to be connected,
The magnitude of the frictional force of the upper structure side sliding portion provided for the connecting portion support member to slide relative to the upper structure, and the connecting portion support member relative to the lower structure. The magnitude of the frictional force of the lower structure side sliding portion provided to do is different from each other,
When the magnitude of the relative displacement is within an allowable range that can be input to the damping element, a relative slip is caused in a sliding portion having a larger frictional force between the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion. The relative displacement is input to the damping element through the sliding portion with the larger frictional force by performing the relative sliding at the sliding portion with the smaller frictional force without
When the magnitude of the relative displacement exceeds the allowable range, the relative displacement is not input to the damping element by performing relative sliding at the sliding portion having the larger frictional force ,
A seismic isolation bearing for isolating the upper structure from the upper structure is disposed on the lower structure so that a vertical gap is formed between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The connecting portion support member is interposed in parallel with the seismic isolation bearing body in the vertical gap,
An elastic member compressed in the vertical direction is interposed between the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion of the connecting portion supporting member in series, thereby the upper structure side sliding portion. The vertical drag force necessary for generating the frictional force is applied to each of the part and the lower structure side sliding part .

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the relative displacement is within the allowable range, the sliding portion having the larger frictional force between the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion causes relative sliding. Instead, the relative displacement is input to the damping element through the sliding portion with the larger frictional force by performing the relative sliding at the sliding portion with the smaller frictional force, and the damping element quickly Reduce relative displacement. On the other hand, when the allowable range is exceeded, relative sliding is performed at the sliding portion having the larger frictional force among the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion, and thereby the relative sliding to the damping element. Displacement input is blocked. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the excessive relative displacement exceeding the allowable range from being input to the attenuation device, and to prevent the damage.

Further, among the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion, it is possible to generate a large frictional force on the sliding portion that should cause relative sliding when the above-described relative displacement exceeds the allowable range. As a result, the relative friction can be reliably input to the damping element when the relative displacement is within the allowable range due to the large frictional force.

  Here, the reason why a large frictional force can be generated as described above is as follows. According to the above configuration, first, the connecting portion support member is interposed in the vertical gap between the upper structure and the lower structure, and the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side in the connecting portion support member An elastic member in a compressed state is interposed between the sliding portion and the sliding portion in series. Therefore, the elastic member can acquire the reaction force of the vertical drag necessary for the sliding portion to generate a large frictional force from the upper structure and the lower structure, and as a result, the elastic member It is possible to generate a large frictional force at the sliding portion with the large elastic force.

The invention according to claim 2 is the damping device according to claim 1 ,
The elastic member is a disc spring;
The compression amount of the disc spring is set to an arbitrary value within a predetermined range,
A variation amount of the elastic force with respect to the compression deformation amount of the disc spring in the predetermined range is lower than a range adjacent to both sides of the predetermined range.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the compression amount of the disc spring is set in the predetermined range as described above. Therefore, even when the size of the vertical gap between the upper structure and the lower structure changes, the disc spring absorbs the change without greatly changing the elastic force. Therefore, the magnitude of the frictional force to be generated in the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion can be kept substantially constant, and the operation of the fail-safe function can be stabilized.

Invention shown in Claim 3 is a damping device according to claim 1 or 2,
Of the first connection part and the second connection part, the connection part that is not connected through the connection part support member has a smaller frictional force than the upper structure body and the lower structure body. The connecting portion supporting member is connected to the structure to be relatively slipped by the sliding portion so as not to move in the horizontal direction.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the number of connecting portion support members can be reduced, the device configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

The invention shown in claim 4
A damping element interposed between an upper structure and a lower structure below the upper structure, and a horizontal relative displacement of the upper structure with respect to the lower structure is input to the damping element; In a damping device for reducing the relative displacement based on a damping force generated by a damping element,
A first connecting part for connecting the damping element to the upper structure and a second connecting part for connecting the damping element to the lower structure so that the relative displacement is input to the damping element; Have
At least one of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is connected to a connecting part support member configured to be slidable relative to the upper structure and the lower structure in the horizontal direction. Connected to the structure to be connected,
The magnitude of the frictional force of the upper structure side sliding portion provided for the connecting portion support member to slide relative to the upper structure, and the connecting portion support member relative to the lower structure. The magnitude of the frictional force of the lower structure side sliding portion provided to do is different from each other,
When the magnitude of the relative displacement is within an allowable range that can be input to the damping element, a relative slip is caused in a sliding portion having a larger frictional force between the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion. The relative displacement is input to the damping element through the sliding portion with the larger frictional force by performing the relative sliding at the sliding portion with the smaller frictional force without
When the magnitude of the relative displacement exceeds the allowable range, the relative displacement is not input to the damping element by performing relative sliding at the sliding portion having the larger frictional force,
The connecting part support member is provided for each of the first connecting part and the second connecting part,
A sliding bearing is used for the upper structure side sliding portion related to the connecting portion supporting member to which one of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is connected, and a lower structure side sliding portion is used. Is a rolling bearing having a smaller frictional force than the sliding bearing,
A sliding bearing is used for the lower structure side sliding portion related to the connecting portion supporting member to which the other of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is connected, and an upper structure side sliding portion is used. A rolling bearing having a smaller frictional force than that of the sliding bearing is used.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the connecting portion support members are provided for both the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, respectively, and thereby both are provided with a fail-safe function. Therefore, the risk of damage to the damping element can be greatly reduced.

The invention shown in claim 5 is the attenuation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
When the relative displacement is within the allowable range, the damping force generated by the damping element when the relative displacement is input, and the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion With the frictional force due to the relative sliding of the sliding part with the smaller frictional force, the relative displacement is reduced,
When the magnitude of the relative displacement exceeds the allowable range, the relative displacement is caused by the frictional force caused by the relative sliding of the sliding part having the larger frictional force among the sliding part on the upper structure side and the sliding part on the lower structure side. Displacement is reduced.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, even when the damping element exceeding the allowable range does not generate a damping force, the sliding portion with the larger frictional force slides relatively, and the frictional force caused thereby Thus, the relative displacement can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the damping element from being damaged even when an earthquake motion exceeding the moving limit of the damping element occurs.

It is a schematic side view of the seismic isolation layer 10 to which the damping device of this embodiment was applied. 2A and 2B are operation explanatory views of the fail-safe mechanism 50. FIG. It is a graph of the elastic force-compression amount relationship of the disc spring 54. It is a schematic side view of the seismic isolation layer 10 to which the damping device of the 1st modification was applied. It is a schematic side view of the seismic isolation layer 10 with which the damping device of the 2nd modification was applied. It is a schematic side view of the seismic isolation layer 10 with which the damping device of the 3rd modification was applied. It is a schematic side view of the seismic isolation layer 10 to which the damping device of other embodiments was applied.

=== This Embodiment ===
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the seismic isolation layer 10 of the building 1, partially broken away.
The seismic isolation layer 10 is interposed in the vertical gap G between the building 1 as the upper structure and the foundation 3 as the lower structure. The seismic isolation layer 10 attenuates the horizontal relative displacement between the building 1 and the foundation 3 and the seismic isolation bearing body 20 that supports the weight of the building 1 while allowing the horizontal relative displacement between the building 1 and the foundation 3. And a damping element 30. The seismic isolation bearing body 20 and the damping element 30 are interposed in the vertical gap G in parallel with each other.

  The seismic isolation bearing body 20 is, for example, laminated rubber (a metal plate and a rubber plate that are alternately stacked and joined together), and an upper surface and a lower surface thereof are fixed to the building 1 and the foundation 3, respectively. . And with the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the building 1 and the foundation 3, the laminated rubber 20 is sheared and elastically deformed in the horizontal direction.

  In addition, a resilient force in the direction opposite to the deformation direction is generated in the laminated rubber 20 in accordance with the shear elastic deformation. The resilient force causes the building 1 displaced from a predetermined reference position on the foundation 3 to the reference position. And function as a restoring force to restore. That is, the laminated rubber 20 also functions as a restoring member for returning the building 1 to the reference position. Incidentally, the restoring member may be configured by additionally installing a spring member, or may be configured by replacing with a spring member. When the laminated rubber 20 is replaced with a spring member such as a coil spring, a rolling bearing or the like is interposed in the vertical gap G as a bearing body that supports a building separately.

  The damping element 30 is, for example, an oil damper 30. The oil damper 30 includes a cylinder 32, a piston 34 that divides the cylinder 32 into two cylinder chambers 32 a and 32 b, oil sealed in the cylinder chambers 32 a and 32 b, and the piston 34 penetratingly formed. And an orifice 34a communicating with the cylinder chambers 32a and 32b. The cylinder 32 is connected to the foundation 3 by a cylinder side connecting portion 36 (corresponding to the second connecting portion), while the piston 34 is connected to the building 1 via a piston side connecting portion 38 (corresponding to the first connecting portion). Thus, the horizontal relative displacement between the building 1 and the foundation 3 is input to the oil damper 30.

  Therefore, when the building 1 and the foundation 3 are horizontally vibrated, the relative displacement is input to the oil damper 30, and the piston 34 moves in the horizontal direction in the cylinder 32. In this case, the oil in the cylinder 32 is The two cylinder chambers 32a and 32b move with each other through the orifice 34a of the piston 34 and the horizontal vibration between the building 1 and the foundation 3 is attenuated by using the viscous resistance force when passing through the orifice 34a as a damping force. .

  However, as described above, the piston 34 of the oil damper 30 has an allowable stroke length as an allowable range relating to the movement in the horizontal direction. For example, the cylinder 32 includes a pair of lid portions 32c and 32d that divide the cylinder chambers 32a and 32b at both ends in the cylinder axial direction. For the piston 34, the lid portions 32c and 32d have a movement limit (stroke). In other words, the piston 34 can move in the horizontal direction only within a range where it does not abut against the lid portions 32c and 32d (a range where it does not physically collide). Therefore, when a relative displacement having a magnitude exceeding the allowable stroke length is input to the oil damper 30, the oil damper 30 may be damaged.

  Therefore, in the oil damper 30 according to the present embodiment, the fail-safe mechanism 50 is additionally provided with respect to the piston-side connecting portion 38 that connects the piston 34 and the building 1, thereby solving the above problem. . That is, when the magnitude of the relative displacement between the building 1 and the foundation 3 is within the allowable stroke length of the oil damper 30, the piston 34 and the building 1 are connected so as not to be relatively movable, while the allowable stroke length is exceeded. In such a case, the relatively immovable connection between the piston 34 and the building 1 is released. Thereby, an excessive relative displacement input to the oil damper 30 is prevented in advance.

  The same fail-safe mechanism 50 may be applied to the cylinder side connecting portion 36 that connects the cylinder 32 and the foundation 3 as in a modified example (see FIG. 6) described later. In this example, in order to simplify the device configuration and reduce the cost, a normal connection structure is used without applying to the cylinder side connection portion 36. In other words, the foundation 3 and the cylinder 32 are always connected in a relatively immovable manner in the horizontal direction by, for example, a general connection structure having a clevis 36 and a connection pin 37.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1, the fail-safe mechanism 50 added to the piston side coupling portion 38 will be described in detail.
The piston side connecting portion 38 has, for example, a clevis 38 provided at the shaft end of the piston 34.
On the other hand, the fail-safe mechanism 50 is interposed in parallel with the seismic isolation bearing 20 in the vertical gap G between the building 1 and the foundation 3 so as to be horizontal with respect to both the building 1 and the foundation 3. It has the main body member 52 (equivalent to a connection part support member) comprised so that relative sliding was possible. The clevis 38 of the piston 34 is connected to the main body member 52 by a connecting pin 39 or the like so as not to move relative to the main body member 52, whereby the piston 34 is connected to the building 1 via the main body member 52.

  Here, the relative sliding movement of the main body member 52 with respect to the foundation 3 is performed by the lower structure side sliding portion interposed between the lower surface of the main body member 52 and the upper surface of the foundation 3. A rolling bearing 60 is applied. That is, a sliding plate 62 having a horizontal sliding surface 62a is fixed to the upper surface of the foundation 3 by bolts or the like, while a container containing a plurality of roller members 64 such as steel balls on the lower surface of the main body member 52. The member 66 is fixed with a bolt or the like. The roller member 64 is arranged so that the sliding surface 62a can roll, and the friction coefficient μ1 between them is, for example, in the range of 0 <μ1 <0.01, and the frictional force is The level is almost negligible. Therefore, the main body member 52 is configured to smoothly slide relative to the foundation 3.

  On the other hand, the relative sliding movement of the main body member 52 with respect to the building 1 is performed by the upper structure side sliding portion interposed between the lower surface of the building 1 and the upper surface of the main body member 52. A sliding bearing 70 is applied. That is, a sliding plate 72 having a horizontal sliding surface 72a is fixed to the lower surface of the building 1 with bolts and the like, while a friction plate 74 is fixed to the upper surface of the main body member 52 with bolts and the like. The friction surface 74a and the sliding surface 72a of the friction plate 74 are in a surface contact state, and the friction coefficient μ2 between them is in the range of 0.1 <μ2 <0.3, for example. Therefore, a static friction force Fs of a predetermined level larger than that of the above-described rolling bearing 60 is generated between them, so that the main body member 52 is allowed to be attached to the building 1 under the action of an external force less than the static friction force Fs. However, when an external force exceeding the static friction force Fs is applied, the main body member 52 slides relative to the building 1.

  Further, the main body member 52 has a disc spring 54 as an elastic member therein, and the disc spring 54 applies a vertical force necessary for the above-described frictional force to the rolling bearing 60 and the sliding bearing 70. . Specifically, the disc spring 54 is interposed between the rolling bearing 60 and the sliding bearing 70 in a compressed state in series with the rolling bearing 60 and the sliding bearing 70, whereby the vertical elastic force is used as the vertical drag. It is stably applied to the rolling bearing 60 and the sliding bearing 70.

  Therefore, by adjusting the elastic force of the disc spring 54 so that the magnitude of the static friction force Fs of the sliding bearing 70 satisfies the relationship of the following expression 1, A safe function is added.

Maximum value of damping force of oil damper <Static friction force <Failure limit load of oil damper (1)
2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the fail-safe mechanism 50 set in the relationship of the above formula 1. FIG.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the relative displacement is within the allowable stroke length of the oil damper 30, the rolling bearing 60 having a small frictional force smoothly slides relative to the main member 52 and the foundation. 3 to quickly slide relative. However, in the case of the sliding bearing 70, since the static friction force Fs is larger than the damping force of the oil damper 30, the building 1 and the main body member 52 are connected so as not to move relative to each other without causing relative sliding. It is in the state. Therefore, the relative displacement of the building 1 with respect to the foundation 3 is input to the oil damper 30 via the main body member 52 and the piston side connecting portion 38, and the oil damper 30 reduces the relative displacement based on this relative displacement.

  On the other hand, when the relative displacement exceeds the allowable stroke length of the oil damper 30, for example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the piston 34 abuts against the lid portion 32c of the cylinder 32. Based on Formula 1, the static friction force Fs of the sliding bearing 70 should be smaller than the breakage limit load of the oil damper 30 when it hits. Therefore, before the oil damper 30 is damaged, the sliding of the sliding bearing 70 is started, that is, the connection state in which the building 1 and the main body member 52 cannot be moved relative to each other is released. Input of excessive relative displacement is prevented. As a result, the oil damper 30 is prevented from being damaged. Incidentally, when this relative displacement exceeds the allowable stroke length, the piston 34 of the oil damper 30 does not move, so that the relative sliding toward the rolling bearing 60 also stops.

  Also, after the input of the relative displacement to the oil damper 30 is stopped and the oil damper 30 no longer generates a damping force, the dynamic frictional force Fa due to the relative sliding of the sliding bearing 70 acts as a damping force as shown in FIG. 2B. . Therefore, even after the oil damper 30 stops functioning due to the operation of the fail safe mechanism 50, according to the damping device of this embodiment, the damping action can be effectively performed based on the dynamic frictional force Fa of the sliding bearing 70. Can do.

  By the way, preferably, the compression amount of the disc spring 54 shown in FIG. 1 is set to a non-linear range in the relationship between the elastic force and the compression amount of the disc spring 54 shown in FIG. It is better to set in a range where the fluctuation of In this way, the amount of change in the elastic force with respect to the compression amount of the disc spring 54 is lower than the ranges a and b adjacent to both sides of the nonlinear range. Therefore, even if the size of the above-described vertical gap G changes due to a creeping phenomenon of the seismic isolation bearing body 20 in FIG. The fluctuation of the generated force can be suppressed to be small, and the static friction force Fs of the sliding bearing 70 can be maintained almost constant. As a result, with high reproducibility, the sliding bearing 70 can start relative sliding before reaching the failure limit load, that is, the operation of the fail-safe function can be stabilized.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a first modification of the attenuation device according to this embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, one oil damper 30 is connected to the main body member 52 of the fail-safe mechanism 50. However, in the first modified example, a plurality of examples are provided for one main body member 52. The oil dampers 30 and 30 are connected to each other, and the other configurations are the same. Accordingly, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in this first modification, a pair of oil dampers 30 are aligned with the cylinder shaft direction in the relative displacement direction at a position sandwiching one main body member 52 with respect to the relative displacement direction. In addition, the piston dampers 38 are connected to the main body member 52 so that they cannot move relative to each other. Thereby, the main body member 52 exhibits a fail-safe function with respect to any of the oil dampers 30. Therefore, according to such a configuration, the number of installed main body members 52 relative to the number of installed oil dampers 30 can be halved, and the cost can be reduced.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a second modification of the attenuation device according to this embodiment. In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the fail-safe mechanism 50 is applied to the connection between the building 1 as the upper structure and the oil damper 30, and the connection between the foundation 3 as the lower structure and the oil damper 30 is performed. Applied a normal connection structure (that is, a connection structure in which relative movement is impossible in the horizontal direction), but this second modification is different in that this application relationship is reversed. That is, a normal connection structure is applied to the connection between the building 1 and the oil damper 30, and the fail-safe mechanism 50 is applied to the connection between the foundation 3 and the oil damper 30.

  If it demonstrates in detail, with respect to the piston side connection part 38 connected with the building 1, the normal connection structure is used. In other words, the building 1 and the piston 34 are always connected so as not to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction by, for example, a general connection structure having a clevis 38 and a connection pin 39.

  On the other hand, a fail safe mechanism 50 is additionally provided for the cylinder side connecting portion 36 connected to the foundation 3. That is, the clevis 36 of the cylinder 32 is connected to the main body member 52 of the fail safe mechanism 50 by the connecting pin 37. However, in this case, the vertical arrangement relationship between the rolling bearing 60 and the sliding bearing 70 in the main body member 52 is opposite to that in FIG. Specifically, a rolling bearing 60 is used for the upper structure side sliding portion that is interposed between the main body member 52 and the building 1 and performs a relative sliding operation between them, and the foundation 3 and the main body. A sliding bearing 70 is used in the lower structure side sliding portion that is interposed between the member 52 and the body member 52 performs a relative sliding operation with the base 3.

  Here, the reason why the sliding bearing 70 having a large frictional force is arranged on the foundation 3 side and the rolling bearing 60 having a small frictional force is arranged on the building 1 side as described above is that the building 1 and the oil damper 30 are connected. This is because the connection between the foundation 3 and the oil damper 30 is made via the main body member 52. That is, when the relative displacement between the building 1 and the foundation 3 is within the allowable stroke length, the relative displacement must be input to the oil damper 30. This is because the relative sliding between the main body member 52 and the foundation 3 needs to be maintained in a stopped state by a large static frictional force.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a third modification of the attenuation device according to this embodiment. This third modification is a combination of the present embodiment of FIG. 1 and the second modification of FIG. That is, the fail safe mechanism 50 is applied to the connection between the building 1 as the upper structure and the oil damper 30, and the fail safe mechanism 50 is also applied to the connection between the foundation 3 as the lower structure and the oil damper 30. ing. In the following, in order to distinguish between the pair of fail-safe mechanisms 50, 50, “a” is attached to the reference sign of one mechanism 50, and “b” is attached to the reference sign of the other mechanism 50. This also applies to members related to the failsafe mechanism 50, such as the main body member 52 and the like.

  Hereinafter, the third modification will be described in detail. First, the clevis 38 of the piston 34 is connected to the main body member 52a of one of the pair of failsafe mechanisms 50a and 50b by a connecting pin 39, On the other hand, the clevis 36 of the cylinder 32 is connected to the main body member 52b of the other fail-safe mechanism 50b by a connecting pin 37.

  However, in the pair of main body members 52a and 52b, the vertical arrangement relationship between the rolling bearing 60 and the sliding bearing 70 is opposite to each other. That is, in one body member 52 a, the sliding bearing 70 a is disposed as the upper structure side sliding portion disposed between the building 1 and the rolling bearing as the lower structure side sliding portion disposed between the foundation 3. 60a is arranged, on the other hand, in the other body member 52b, a rolling support 60b is arranged as an upper structure side sliding portion arranged between the building 1 and the foundation 3 between the two. A sliding bearing 70b is arranged as a lower structure side sliding part to be arranged.

  This is because the relative displacement is surely input to the oil damper 30 when the relative displacement is within the allowable stroke length. That is, the sliding bearing 70a of the main body member 52a to which the piston side connecting portion 38 is connected fixes the main body member 52a so as not to move relative to the building 1 by its large static frictional force, while the cylinder side connecting portion The sliding support 70b of the main body member 52b to which 36 is coupled fixes the main body member 52b so that it cannot move relative to the foundation 3 by its large static frictional force. Thus, when the relative displacement is within the allowable stroke length, the relative displacement is reliably input to the oil damper 30.

  Since the other points are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

=== Other Embodiments ===
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, The deformation | transformation as shown below is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  In the above-described embodiment and the first modified example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the piston-side connecting portion 38 of the two connecting portions 36, 38 of the oil damper 30 is moved toward the main body of the fail-safe mechanism 50. Although connected to the member 52, it may be reversed. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the direction of the oil damper 30 may be reversed from that in FIG. 1, and the cylinder side connecting portion 36 may be connected to the main body member 52 of the fail safe mechanism 50. In this case, since the piston-side connecting portion 38 is connected to the foundation 3 as the lower structure, the piston-side connecting portion 38 corresponds to a “second connecting portion” and serves as the upper structure. The cylinder side connecting portion 36 connected to the building 1 corresponds to a “first connecting portion”.

  In the above-described embodiment, specific examples of the sliding plate 72 and the friction plate 74 related to the sliding bearing 70 are not shown. However, as the sliding plate 72, for example, a stainless steel plate or the stainless steel plate is bonded to the friction plate 74 side. An example is an integrated clad steel plate. The friction plate 74 can be exemplified by a material whose friction coefficient μ2 with the sliding plate 72 is substantially constant. For example, when the sliding plate 72 is a stainless steel plate, the friction plate 74 is stable with the stainless steel plate. Examples of the material from which the friction coefficient μ2 can be obtained include tetrafluoroethylene, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (for example, Somalite (trade name)), and the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, the oil damper is exemplified as the damping element 30. However, the damper is not limited to this as long as the damping element has an allowable range related to the horizontal movement such as the above-described allowable stroke length. Alternatively, a viscous damper, a steel damper, or the like may be applied.

  In the above-described embodiment, the building 1 and the foundation 3 are illustrated as the upper structure and the lower structure, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if the building consists of multiple floors, a damping element may be interposed between the upper floor slab as the upper structure and the lower floor ceiling slab as the lower structure. The upper member may be a floor member on which a large-scale device such as a nuclear power facility is installed, and the lower member may be a base that is positioned below the floor member and supports the weight of the floor member.

  In the above-described embodiment, the rolling bearing and the sliding bearing are exemplified as the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion. However, as long as it has a structure capable of relative sliding in the horizontal direction, it is not limited to this. Absent.

  In the above-described embodiment, the disc spring 54 is exemplified as the elastic member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plate spring, a coil spring, or the like may be used.

1 building (upper structure), 3 foundation (lower structure),
10 Seismic isolation layer,
20 Laminated rubber (Seismic isolation bearing),
30 Damping element (oil damper),
32 cylinder, 32a cylinder chamber, 32b cylinder chamber,
32c lid, 32d lid,
34 piston, 34a orifice,
36 clevis, 36 cylinder side connecting part (second connecting part), 37 connecting pin,
38 clevis, 38 piston side connecting part (first connecting part), 39 connecting pin,
50 fail-safe mechanism,
50a fail-safe mechanism,
50b fail-safe mechanism,
52 Main body member (connector support member),
52a body member (connector support member),
52b body member (connector support member),
54 Belleville spring (elastic member),
60 Rolling bearing (lower structure side sliding part, upper structure side sliding part),
60a Rolling bearing (lower structure side sliding part),
60b Rolling bearing (superstructure side sliding part),
62 sliding plate, 62a sliding surface,
64 roller members, 66 container members,
70 Sliding bearing (upper structure side sliding part, lower structure side sliding part),
70a Sliding bearing (superstructure side sliding part),
70b Sliding bearing (lower structure side sliding portion),
72 sliding plate, 72a sliding surface,
74 friction plate, 74a friction surface,
G Vertical clearance, Fa dynamic friction force, Fs static friction force

Claims (5)

A damping element interposed between an upper structure and a lower structure below the upper structure, and a horizontal relative displacement of the upper structure with respect to the lower structure is input to the damping element; In a damping device for reducing the relative displacement based on a damping force generated by a damping element,
A first connecting part for connecting the damping element to the upper structure and a second connecting part for connecting the damping element to the lower structure so that the relative displacement is input to the damping element; Have
At least one of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is connected to a connecting part support member configured to be slidable relative to the upper structure and the lower structure in the horizontal direction. Connected to the structure to be connected,
The magnitude of the frictional force of the upper structure side sliding portion provided for the connecting portion support member to slide relative to the upper structure, and the connecting portion support member relative to the lower structure. The magnitude of the frictional force of the lower structure side sliding portion provided to do is different from each other,
When the magnitude of the relative displacement is within an allowable range that can be input to the damping element, a relative slip is caused in a sliding portion having a larger frictional force between the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion. The relative displacement is input to the damping element through the sliding portion with the larger frictional force by performing the relative sliding at the sliding portion with the smaller frictional force without
When the magnitude of the relative displacement exceeds the allowable range, the relative displacement is not input to the damping element by performing relative sliding at the sliding portion having the larger frictional force ,
A seismic isolation bearing for isolating the upper structure from the upper structure is disposed on the lower structure so that a vertical gap is formed between the upper structure and the lower structure.
The connecting portion support member is interposed in parallel with the seismic isolation bearing body in the vertical gap,
An elastic member compressed in the vertical direction is interposed between the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion of the connecting portion supporting member in series, thereby the upper structure side sliding portion. A vertical drag force required for generating the frictional force is applied to each of the first part and the lower structure side sliding part, respectively . A damping device according to claim 1 ,
The elastic member is a disc spring;
The compression amount of the disc spring is set to an arbitrary value within a predetermined range,
The damping device according to claim 1, wherein a variation amount of the elastic force with respect to a compression deformation amount of the disc spring in the predetermined range is lower than a range adjacent to both sides of the predetermined range. The damping device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
Of the first connection part and the second connection part, the connection part that is not connected through the connection part support member has a smaller frictional force than the upper structure body and the lower structure body. The damping device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion supporting member is connected to the structure to be relatively slipped by a sliding portion so as not to be relatively movable in the horizontal direction. A damping element interposed between an upper structure and a lower structure below the upper structure, and a horizontal relative displacement of the upper structure with respect to the lower structure is input to the damping element; In a damping device for reducing the relative displacement based on a damping force generated by a damping element,
A first connecting part for connecting the damping element to the upper structure and a second connecting part for connecting the damping element to the lower structure so that the relative displacement is input to the damping element; Have
At least one of the first connecting part and the second connecting part is connected to a connecting part support member configured to be slidable relative to the upper structure and the lower structure in the horizontal direction. Connected to the structure to be connected,
The magnitude of the frictional force of the upper structure side sliding portion provided for the connecting portion support member to slide relative to the upper structure, and the connecting portion support member relative to the lower structure. The magnitude of the frictional force of the lower structure side sliding portion provided to do is different from each other,
When the magnitude of the relative displacement is within an allowable range that can be input to the damping element, a relative slip is caused in a sliding portion having a larger frictional force between the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion. The relative displacement is input to the damping element through the sliding portion with the larger frictional force by performing the relative sliding at the sliding portion with the smaller frictional force without
When the magnitude of the relative displacement exceeds the allowable range, the relative displacement is not input to the damping element by performing relative sliding at the sliding portion having the larger frictional force,
The connecting part support member is provided for each of the first connecting part and the second connecting part,
A sliding bearing is used for the upper structure side sliding portion related to the connecting portion supporting member to which one of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is connected, and a lower structure side sliding portion is used. Is a rolling bearing having a smaller frictional force than the sliding bearing,
A sliding bearing is used for the lower structure side sliding portion related to the connecting portion supporting member to which the other of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is connected, and an upper structure side sliding portion is used. A damping device using a rolling bearing having a frictional force smaller than that of the sliding bearing. The attenuation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
When the relative displacement is within the allowable range, the damping force generated by the damping element when the relative displacement is input, and the upper structure side sliding portion and the lower structure side sliding portion With the frictional force due to the relative sliding of the sliding part with the smaller frictional force, the relative displacement is reduced,
When the magnitude of the relative displacement exceeds the allowable range, the relative displacement is caused by the frictional force caused by the relative sliding of the sliding part having the larger frictional force among the sliding part on the upper structure side and the sliding part on the lower structure side. A damping device characterized by reducing displacement.