JP4920459B2 - Filter element modification method - Google Patents
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- JP4920459B2 JP4920459B2 JP2007063376A JP2007063376A JP4920459B2 JP 4920459 B2 JP4920459 B2 JP 4920459B2 JP 2007063376 A JP2007063376 A JP 2007063376A JP 2007063376 A JP2007063376 A JP 2007063376A JP 4920459 B2 JP4920459 B2 JP 4920459B2
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- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001343 alkyl silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKYDYRWEUFJLER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CCC(F)(F)F KKYDYRWEUFJLER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOBIOSPNXBMOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)ethoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCOCC1CO1 AOBIOSPNXBMOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Description
本発明は、燃料やオイルなどの液体を濾過するフィルターエレメントに係り、詳しくは自動車用エンジン等のコモンレール式燃料噴射システムに適用される燃料循環系に装備されて、燃料中の異物を除去するとともに燃料中の泡や気泡を低減させる燃料フィルターに好適に使用されるフィルターエレメントの改質方法及びそのフィルターエレメントを用いた輸送機用燃料フィルターに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a filter element for filtering a liquid such as fuel or oil, and more particularly, is provided in a fuel circulation system applied to a common rail fuel injection system such as an automobile engine to remove foreign matters in the fuel. The present invention relates to a method for reforming a filter element that is suitably used for a fuel filter that reduces bubbles and bubbles in fuel, and a fuel filter for transport aircraft using the filter element.
近年、ディーゼルエンジン搭載車両、例えば、トラックや産業用車両などの排気ガスの黒煙中に含まれる粒子状物質（ＰＭ）、窒素酸化物（ＮＯｘ）などの有害物質が社会問題となっており、地球温暖化現象に見られる環境問題が、世界的規模で重要課題となっている。このような背景から、車両用ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガスに対する規制は、一段と厳しさを増しており、排気ガスを浄化するための新しい技術開発が急務となっている。 In recent years, harmful substances such as particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) contained in black smoke of exhaust gas from vehicles equipped with diesel engines, such as trucks and industrial vehicles, have become a social problem. Environmental problems seen in global warming are an important issue on a global scale. Against this background, regulations on exhaust gas from vehicle diesel engines are becoming more severe, and there is an urgent need to develop new technologies for purifying exhaust gas.
このような状況の中で、コモンレール式と呼ばれる燃料噴射システムは、車両用ディーゼルエンジンからの排気ガスを浄化する技術として、既に実用化されている。コモンレール式燃料噴射システムは、噴射の前にコモンレール内に燃料を高圧状態で貯留しておき、コモンレール内に貯留された高圧燃料を適宜のタイミングでインジェクタを制御することによりシリンダ内に噴射するシステムである。このコモンレール式燃料噴射システムは、従来の燃料噴射ポンプによりノズルを介してシリンダ内に燃料を噴射する燃料噴射システムとは異なり、低速域から高圧噴射が可能であり、低速域における黒煙やＮＯｘの発生が大幅に低減され、騒音の抑制や燃費の改善などの利点が挙げられる。 Under such circumstances, a fuel injection system called a common rail type has already been put into practical use as a technology for purifying exhaust gas from a vehicle diesel engine. A common rail fuel injection system is a system in which fuel is stored in a high pressure state in a common rail before injection, and the high pressure fuel stored in the common rail is injected into a cylinder by controlling an injector at an appropriate timing. is there. Unlike the fuel injection system in which fuel is injected into a cylinder through a nozzle by a conventional fuel injection pump, this common rail type fuel injection system is capable of high-pressure injection from a low speed range, and the black smoke and NOx in the low speed range are possible. Occurrence is greatly reduced, and there are advantages such as noise suppression and fuel efficiency improvement.
このようなコモンレール式燃料噴射システムにおいて、最近、燃料中に比較的多量に含まれる空気（泡や気泡）によるエンストやエンジン回転不安定、あるいは黒物、いわゆるデポジットの発生などといった好ましくない現象が認められるようになってきた。 In such a common rail fuel injection system, recently, undesired phenomena such as engine stall due to air (bubbles and bubbles) contained in a relatively large amount of fuel, engine rotation instability, black matter, so-called deposits, etc. have been recognized. Has come to be.
一方、本来、燃料タンクヘの燃料給油時の泡立ちの抑制を主とした目的であるが、燃料中の気泡の発生を抑制する方法として、消泡剤、例えば、シリコン系化合物、ポリエーテル系化合物などを燃料中に添加することが知られている（特許文献１〜３）。また、液体用、気体用の濾材として、ポリビニルアセタール系多孔質体よりなる濾材の製造方法が知られている（特許文献４）。 On the other hand, the main purpose is mainly to suppress foaming when fuel is supplied to the fuel tank. However, as a method for suppressing the generation of bubbles in the fuel, an antifoaming agent such as a silicon compound, a polyether compound, etc. Is known to be added to fuel (Patent Documents 1 to 3). Moreover, the manufacturing method of the filter medium which consists of a polyvinyl acetal type porous body is known as a filter medium for liquids and gas (patent document 4).
また、燃料中の気泡や空気を微小化、低減するフィルタ、装置が既に提案されている（特許文献５〜８）。 In addition, filters and devices for minimizing and reducing bubbles and air in the fuel have already been proposed (Patent Documents 5 to 8).
しかしながら、特許文献１〜３記載の方法では、燃料の消費とともに、常に消泡剤を補填する必要があるので非効率であり、さらに燃料油組成物として消泡剤を含ませた場合には、燃料のコストアップになり、望ましいものではなかった。 However, in the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, it is inefficient because it is necessary to always supplement the antifoaming agent along with the consumption of the fuel. Further, when the antifoaming agent is included as the fuel oil composition, This was not desirable because it increased fuel costs.
また、特許文献４記載の方法では、製造工程で、気孔形成材及び未反応の架橋剤、触媒を除去しており、これらは濾材表面に固定化されるものではなかった。 In the method described in Patent Document 4, the pore forming material, the unreacted crosslinking agent, and the catalyst are removed in the production process, and these are not immobilized on the surface of the filter medium.
一方、特許文献５〜８記載の発明は、フィルターエレメント自体ではなく、物理的な手段又は装置構造により、燃料中の気泡や空気を微小化、低減するものであり、その分、装置コストの上昇を招いていた。 On the other hand, the inventions described in Patent Documents 5 to 8 reduce or reduce bubbles and air in the fuel not by the filter element itself but by a physical means or device structure, and increase the cost of the device accordingly. Was invited.
本発明は前記の問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、フィルターエレメント表面を特有の反応性官能基で化学的に改質するフィルターエレメントの改質方法、及びそのフィルターエレメントを燃料循環系に設置することで循環する燃料中の泡や気泡を低減することを可能にする新規な燃料フィルターを提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to chemically modify the filter element surface with a specific reactive functional group, and to use the filter element as a fuel. It is to provide a novel fuel filter that makes it possible to reduce bubbles and bubbles in the circulating fuel by being installed in a circulation system.
上記の目的を達成するために、請求項１の発明は、燃料やオイルの液体を濾過して、その液体中に含まれる泡や気泡を微小化、低減するフィルターエレメントの改質方法であって、
フィルターエレメント本体を、そのフィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維と反応する１つ以上の反応性官能基を有する改質薬剤の溶液に浸漬して改質薬剤を繊維に含浸させ、しかる後、そのフィルターエレメント本体に、乾燥処理と、加熱、光、又は電子線による化学反応処理とを施し、繊維表面に上記改質薬剤を化学的に結合させて固定化することを特徴とするフィルターエレメントの改質方法である。
In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is a filter element reforming method for filtering a liquid of fuel or oil and miniaturizing and reducing bubbles and bubbles contained in the liquid. ,
The filter element body is immersed in a solution of a modifying agent having one or more reactive functional groups that react with the fibers constituting the filter element body so that the modifying agent is impregnated into the fiber, and then the filter element A filter element modification method comprising subjecting a main body to a drying treatment and a chemical reaction treatment by heating, light, or an electron beam, and chemically immobilizing the modification agent on a fiber surface. It is.
請求項２の発明は、上記化学反応処理後の上記フィルターエレメント本体に、更に第２の乾燥処理を施す請求項１記載のフィルターエレメントの改質方法である。 The invention according to claim 2 is the filter element reforming method according to claim 1, wherein the filter element body after the chemical reaction treatment is further subjected to a second drying treatment.
請求項３の発明は、上記化学反応処理が、加熱エネルギーによる加熱処理であり、その加熱処理温度が１００〜１８０℃、加熱処理時間が１０分〜５時間である請求項１又は２記載のフィルターエレメントの改質方法である。 The invention according to claim 3 is the filter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chemical reaction treatment is a heat treatment by heating energy, the heat treatment temperature is 100 to 180 ° C, and the heat treatment time is 10 minutes to 5 hours. This is an element reforming method.
請求項４の発明は、上記フィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維が、セルロース系の天然繊維である請求項１〜３いずれか記載のフィルターエレメントの改質方法である。 The invention according to claim 4 is the method for modifying a filter element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fibers constituting the filter element body are cellulosic natural fibers.
請求項５の発明は、上記改質薬剤が、炭素が直鎖状に結合した分子内に、Ｓｉ（ＯＲ'）3［Ｒ'は、水素、メチル基から選択される１種類以上の官能基］の反応性官能基を有する請求項１〜４いずれか記載のフィルターエレメントの改質方法である。 The invention of claim 5 is characterized in that the modifying agent contains Si (OR ′) 3 [R ′ is one or more functional groups selected from hydrogen and methyl groups in a molecule in which carbon is linearly bonded. The method for modifying a filter element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which has a reactive functional group.
請求項６の発明は、上記改質薬剤が、炭素が直鎖状に結合した分子内に、ＯＨ基（ヒドロキシル基）、ＣＯＯＨ基（カルボキシル基）、ＣＨＯ基（アルデヒド基）、ＮＲ3基（Ｒは、Ｈ及び／又はメチル基）、ＳＨ基（チオール基）、ＮＣＯ基（イソシアネート基）、又はＣ＝Ｃ不飽和基から選択される１つ以上の反応性官能基を有する請求項１〜４いずれか記載のフィルターエレメントの改質方法である。 The invention of claim 6, the reforming agent, in the molecule carbon bonded to a linear, OH group (hydroxyl group), COOH group (carboxyl group), CHO group (aldehyde group), NR 3 group ( R has one or more reactive functional groups selected from H and / or methyl groups ), SH groups (thiol groups), NCO groups (isocyanate groups), or C = C unsaturated groups. 4. The method for modifying a filter element according to any one of 4 above.
本発明によれば、フィルターエレメント本体の表面が特有の反応性官能基で化学的に改質された改質フィルターエレメントを得ることができ、この改質フィルターエレメントに、燃料やオイルなどの液体を透過させるだけで、その液体中に含まれる泡や気泡を微小化、低減することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a modified filter element in which the surface of the filter element body is chemically modified with a specific reactive functional group, and a liquid such as fuel or oil is added to the modified filter element. It is possible to miniaturize and reduce bubbles and bubbles contained in the liquid simply by permeating.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明するが、必ずしも記載された実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, although embodiment of this invention is described, it is not necessarily limited to described embodiment.
フィルタの少なくとも一部に樹脂を用いたものとして、表面ろ材をシリコーン、フェノールなどで表面コーティングしたもの（特開２００１−２１２４１２号公報）、ろ布の縦糸と横糸の接触部にメラミン樹脂を付着残留させたもの（特開平６−３２７９１８号公報）、又は燃料フィルタのフィルタ本体を樹脂液内に浸し、樹脂を含浸させたもの（特開２００３−１９３９２９号公報）が知られている。また、フィルタ体をポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなどのオレフィン系樹脂の繊維で構成したもの（特開２００４−２１８６０７号公報）が知られている。 As a filter using resin for at least a part of the filter, the surface filter medium is surface-coated with silicone, phenol, etc. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-212212), and melamine resin remains on the contact portion between the warp and weft of the filter cloth There are known ones (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-327918) or those obtained by immersing the filter body of a fuel filter in a resin liquid and impregnating the resin (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-193929). Moreover, what comprised the filter body by the fiber of olefin resin, such as polyethylene and a polypropylene (Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2004-218607) is known.
本発明者らは、フィルターエレメント本体の表面を特有の反応性官能基で化学的に改質することで、物理的な手段、装置を用いることなく、燃料やオイルなどの液体を透過させるだけで、その液体中に含まれる泡や気泡を微小化、低減できるフィルターエレメントを得ることができることを見出した。 By chemically modifying the surface of the filter element body with a specific reactive functional group, the present inventors can pass only liquids such as fuel and oil without using physical means and devices. The present inventors have found that a filter element capable of miniaturizing and reducing bubbles and bubbles contained in the liquid can be obtained.
本発明の好適一実施の形態に係るフィルターエレメントの改質方法は、フィルターエレメント本体を、そのフィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維と反応する１つ以上の反応性官能基を有する改質薬剤の溶液に浸漬して改質薬剤を繊維に含浸させ、しかる後、そのフィルターエレメント本体に、第１の乾燥処理（風乾処理）と、加熱、光、又は電子線による化学反応処理とを施し、繊維表面に改質薬剤を化学的に結合させて固定化することに特徴がある。 A method for modifying a filter element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a method in which a filter element body is converted into a solution of a modifying agent having one or more reactive functional groups that react with fibers constituting the filter element body. The fiber is soaked with the modifying agent by immersion, and then the filter element body is subjected to a first drying treatment (air drying treatment) and a chemical reaction treatment by heating, light, or electron beam, It is characterized in that the modifying agent is chemically bonded and immobilized.
具体的には、セルロース系の単独繊維で構成されるフィルターエレメント本体を、炭素が直鎖状に結合した分子内に、Ｓｉ（ＯＲ'）3［Ｒ'は、水素、メチル基から選択される１種類以上の官能基］の反応性官能基を有する改質薬剤の溶液に浸漬して改質薬剤を繊維に含浸させた後、溶液から引き上げる。しかる後、そのフィルターエレメント本体に、第１の乾燥処理として風乾処理を１２〜３６時間施す。 Specifically, a filter element body composed of a single cellulosic fiber is placed in a molecule in which carbon is linearly bonded. Si (OR ′) 3 [R ′ is selected from hydrogen and a methyl group After impregnating the fiber with the modifying agent by immersing it in a solution of the modifying agent having a reactive functional group of one or more functional groups], the fiber is pulled out of the solution. Thereafter, the filter element body is subjected to an air drying process for 12 to 36 hours as a first drying process.
その後、フィルターエレメント本体を加熱炉に入れ、加熱エネルギーによる化学反応処理を行い、繊維に改質薬剤を化学的に結合させて固定化する。このように、フィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維の表面を、その繊維と反応する１つ以上の反応性官能基を有する改質薬剤によって改質処理することにより、繊維の表面に改質薬剤を化学的に結合させて固定化することができる。 Thereafter, the filter element main body is put into a heating furnace, a chemical reaction process is performed by heating energy, and the modifying agent is chemically bonded to the fiber to be immobilized. In this way, the surface of the fiber constituting the filter element body is modified with a modifying agent having one or more reactive functional groups that react with the fiber, thereby chemically modifying the surface of the fiber. Can be combined and immobilized.
最後に、そのフィルターエレメント本体に、第２の乾燥処理として風乾処理を２４〜７２時間施す。これによって、改質フィルターエレメントが得られる。 Finally, the filter element body is subjected to an air drying process for 24 to 72 hours as a second drying process. Thereby, a modified filter element is obtained.
本実施の形態に係る改質方法により得られた改質フィルターエレメントを用いたフィルター、例えば燃料フィルターによれば、燃料が改質フィルターエレメントを透過する際、フィルターエレメント本体の表面に結合した反応性官能基が、燃料中の泡や気泡の空気層に分子レベルで入り込む。これによって、泡が不安定化し、破泡を起こすと考えられる。このようなメカニズムにより、燃料を改質フィルターエレメントに透過させるだけで、燃料中の気泡や泡を微小化又は低減することができる。 According to the filter using the reforming filter element obtained by the reforming method according to the present embodiment, for example, a fuel filter, when the fuel permeates the reforming filter element, the reactivity bound to the surface of the filter element body Functional groups enter the air layer of bubbles and bubbles in the fuel at the molecular level. This is thought to cause the bubbles to become unstable and cause bubble breakage. With such a mechanism, bubbles or bubbles in the fuel can be miniaturized or reduced only by allowing the fuel to permeate the reforming filter element.
よって、表面が特有の反応性官能基で化学的に改質されたフィルターエレメントを備えた燃料フィルターを、燃料循環系に設置することで、循環する燃料中の泡や気泡を微小化又は低減することができ、その結果、燃料中に比較的多量に含まれる空気によるエンストやエンジン回転不安定、あるいは黒物、いわゆるデポジットの発生などといった好ましくない現象を防止できるという効果が得られる。 Therefore, by installing a fuel filter with a filter element whose surface is chemically modified with a unique reactive functional group in the fuel circulation system, the bubbles and bubbles in the circulating fuel are reduced or reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent an undesirable phenomenon such as engine stall due to air contained in the fuel in a relatively large amount, engine rotation instability, or black matter, so-called deposit generation.
また、改質フィルターエレメント自体で気泡や泡の微小化又は低減を行うことができるため、従来のように泡除去のための特別の装置を必要としなくなることから、コスト低減及び装置（液体循環系）のコンパクト化を図ることができる。 Further, since the modified filter element itself can reduce or reduce bubbles and bubbles, a special device for removing bubbles is not required as in the prior art. ) Can be made compact.
この改質フィルターエレメントは、燃料フィルターのみに適用を限定するものではなく、オイルフィルターや他産業用液体フィルターにも適用できることはいうまでもない。 Needless to say, the reforming filter element is not limited to a fuel filter, but can be applied to an oil filter or a liquid filter for other industries.
フィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維は、反応性官能基を有するものであれば、特に制限するものではないが、セルロース系の天然繊維が特に好ましく、その他に、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、岩石繊維などの無機繊維、タンパク質系の天然繊維、反応性官能基を有するポリエステル系、ポリアミド系、ポリアクリロニトリル系、ポリエチレン系、ポリプロピレン系などの合成繊維などが挙げられる。これら繊維は、バインダーなどによって予め化学修飾（繊維補強）したものであっても良い。また、これら繊維は、単独のもの又は混合したもののいずれであっても良いが、セルロース系の単独繊維が、反応性や製造コストの面からも好ましい。 The fiber constituting the filter element body is not particularly limited as long as it has a reactive functional group, but cellulosic natural fibers are particularly preferable. Besides, glass fibers, carbon fibers, rock fibers, etc. Examples include inorganic fibers, protein-based natural fibers, polyester fibers having reactive functional groups, polyamide-based fibers, polyacrylonitrile-based fibers, polyethylene-based fibers, polypropylene-based synthetic fibers, and the like. These fibers may be previously chemically modified (fiber reinforcement) with a binder or the like. These fibers may be either single or mixed fibers, but cellulose-based single fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of reactivity and production cost.
フィルターエレメント本体の形態（型、種類）は、特に制限するものではないが、ロールオンタイプや菊折タイプが部品形状の観点から好ましい。 The form (type and type) of the filter element body is not particularly limited, but a roll-on type or a chrysanthemum type is preferable from the viewpoint of the part shape.
改質薬剤（反応薬剤）としては、フィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維と反応する反応性官能基を分子内に１つ以上有するものであれば、特に制限することはないが、例えば、炭素が直鎖状に結合した分子内に、Ｓｉ（ＯＲ'）3［Ｒ'は、水素、メチル基から選択される１種類以上の官能基］の反応性官能基を有するものが挙げられる。具体的には、炭素が直鎖状に結合した分子としてはアルキル基であり、アルキル基にシラン化合物が結合したアルキルシランからなり、アルキルシランとして、KBM-3103（信越化学工業製）、フルオロアルキルシランとして、TSL8233（GE東芝シリコーン製）などが挙げられる。例えば、フィルターエレメント本体の繊維をセルロースで構成した場合、これらの改質薬剤は、セルロースのＯＨ基と化学反応して新たにエーテル結合を形成し、セルロース表面に固定される。 The reforming agent (reaction agent), as long as it has one or more reactive functional groups that react with the fiber constituting the filter element body in the molecule is not specifically be restricted, for example, linear carbon Examples include those having a reactive functional group of Si (OR ′) 3 [R ′ is one or more functional groups selected from hydrogen and a methyl group] in a chain-bonded molecule . Specifically, the molecule in which carbon is bonded in a straight chain is an alkyl group, and is composed of an alkyl silane in which a silane compound is bonded to the alkyl group. As the alkyl silane, KBM-3103 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical), fluoroalkyl silane, and the like TSL8233 (manufactured by GE Toshiba silicone). For example, when the fiber of the filter element body is made of cellulose, these modifying agents chemically react with the OH groups of cellulose to form new ether bonds and are fixed to the cellulose surface.
その他の改質薬剤として、炭素が直鎖状に結合した分子内に、ＯＨ基（ヒドロキシル基）、ＣＯＯＨ基（カルボキシル基）、ＣＨＯ基（アルデヒド基）、ＮＲ3基（Ｒは、Ｈ及び／又はメチル基）、ＳＨ基（チオール基）、ＮＣＯ基（イソシアネート基）、又はＣ＝Ｃ不飽和基から選択される１つ以上の反応性官能基を有する成分が挙げられる。 Other modifying agents in the molecule carbon bonded to a linear, OH group (hydroxyl group), COOH group (carboxyl group), CHO group (aldehyde group), NR 3 group (R is, H and / or a methyl group), SH group (thiol group), NCO group (isocyanate group), or C = C component having one or more reactive functional groups selected from an unsaturated group.
フィルターエレメント本体の表面において、改質薬剤を化学的に結合させて固定化することができるのであれば、改質薬剤をフィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維表面に付着させる方法は特に制限するものではなく、例えば、浸漬法、塗布法などが挙げられるが、浸漬法がより好ましい。具体的には、改質薬剤を含む溶液にフィルターエレメント本体を浸漬し、その繊維に改質薬剤を含浸させた後、引き上げて乾燥させ、しかる後、加熱炉などで加熱処理（焼付け処理）を行う方法が、生産性の上から好ましい。この際、改質薬剤の溶液に、フィルターエレメント本体の力学的強度保持のためのバインダーや、熱硬化性樹脂、抗酸化剤、又は安定剤などの各種添加剤を適宜混合してもよい。 As long as the modifying agent can be chemically bonded and immobilized on the surface of the filter element body, the method of attaching the modifying agent to the fiber surface constituting the filter element body is not particularly limited. For example, a dipping method, a coating method and the like can be mentioned, and a dipping method is more preferable. Specifically, the filter element body is immersed in a solution containing the modifying agent, the fiber is impregnated with the modifying agent, and then pulled up and dried, and then heated (baked) in a heating furnace or the like. The method of performing is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity. At this time, various additives such as a binder for maintaining the mechanical strength of the filter element body, a thermosetting resin, an antioxidant, or a stabilizer may be appropriately mixed with the solution of the modifying agent.
フィルターエレメント本体ヘの改質薬剤の付着量は、フィルターエレメント本体の圧力損失などといった性能特性に応じて適宜決められるものであるが、改質薬剤を含む溶液の濃度や浸漬時間などを調整することにより、任意に制御可能である。 The amount of the modifying agent adhering to the filter element body is appropriately determined according to the performance characteristics such as the pressure loss of the filter element body, but the concentration of the solution containing the modifying agent and the immersion time should be adjusted. Can be arbitrarily controlled.
第１の乾燥処理の処理時間は、フィルターエレメント本体の大きさ、改質薬剤を含む溶液に応じて適宜決定されるものであり、特に限定するものではないが、例えば、１２〜３６時間、好ましくは２４時間前後（２０〜３０時間）とされる。 The treatment time of the first drying treatment is appropriately determined according to the size of the filter element body and the solution containing the modifying agent, and is not particularly limited. For example, it is preferably 12 to 36 hours, Is around 24 hours (20-30 hours).
フィルターエレメント本体に対する化学反応処理は、加熱エネルギー、光エネルギー、又は電子線エネルギーを用いて行う。この化学反応処理として、加熱エネルギーを用いる場合、例えば、加熱処理温度は１００〜１８０℃、加熱処理時間は１０分〜５時間とされる。 The chemical reaction process for the filter element body is performed using heating energy, light energy, or electron beam energy. When heating energy is used as this chemical reaction treatment, for example, the heat treatment temperature is 100 to 180 ° C., and the heat treatment time is 10 minutes to 5 hours.
化学反応処理後のフィルターエレメント本体には、更に第２の乾燥処理を施すことが好ましい。この第２の乾燥処理（風乾処理）の処理時間は、フィルターエレメント本体の大きさ、改質薬剤に応じて適宜決定されるものであり、特に限定するものではないが、第１の乾燥処理時間よりも長く行うことが好ましい。例えば、処理時間は２４〜７２時間、好ましくは４８時間前後（４０〜６０時間）とされる。 The filter element body after the chemical reaction treatment is preferably further subjected to a second drying treatment. The processing time of the second drying process (air drying process) is appropriately determined according to the size of the filter element body and the modifying agent, and is not particularly limited. It is preferable to carry out for a longer time. For example, the treatment time is 24 to 72 hours, preferably around 48 hours (40 to 60 hours).
以下に具体的な例を挙げて説明をするが、本発明の範囲を制限することを意図するものではない。 The present invention will be described below with specific examples, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
なお、性能評価については、未改質フィルターおよび各改質フィルターを用いて、軽油燃料を流通させ、フィルター透過後に軽油燃料の流れから垂直方向に分岐させた計量器内に蓄積された空気量が２０ｃｃになるまでの時間を、未改質フィルターでの時間を基準（１．０）として相対時間で示した。つまり、この時間が長いほど、気泡の低減および消泡性に優れた性能を有することを示している。 For the performance evaluation, the amount of air accumulated in the measuring instrument is obtained by circulating light oil fuel using the unreformed filter and each reforming filter and branching vertically from the light oil fuel flow after passing through the filter. The time to reach 20 cc was shown as a relative time with the time for the unmodified filter as the reference (1.0). That is, the longer this time, the better the performance of reducing bubbles and defoaming.
また、フィルター透過後の軽油燃料中における気泡の大きさや個数も目視観察した。 Further, the size and number of bubbles in the light oil fuel after passing through the filter were also visually observed.
（実施例１；アルキルシラン変性）
ビーカーにイソプロパノール６００ｍｌを入れ、攬絆しながら、酢酸３ｍｌを滴下した。均一になったことを確認して、攬絆を続けながら、改質薬剤としてＫＢＭ−３１０３（信越化学工業製；デシルトリメトキシシラン）を滴下しながら１８ｍｌ加えた。この溶液に燃料フィルター（セルロース繊維製、ロールオンタイプ）を入れ、１晩浸漬した。その後、燃料フィルターを１昼夜（２４時間）風乾（乾燥処理）した後、１００℃で約５時間加熱処理し、さらに風乾（第２の乾燥処理）を２昼夜（４８時間）行った。
(Example 1; alkylsilane modification)
Into a beaker, 600 ml of isopropanol was added, and 3 ml of acetic acid was added dropwise while kneading. After confirming that it became uniform, 18 ml of KBM-3103 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .; decyltrimethoxysilane) was added dropwise as a modifying agent while continuing the knot bonding. A fuel filter (made of cellulose fiber, roll-on type) was put into this solution and immersed overnight. Thereafter, the fuel filter was air-dried (drying process) for one day and night (24 hours), then heat-treated at 100 ° C. for about 5 hours, and further air-dried (second drying process) for two days and nights (48 hours).
（実施例２；フルオロアルキルシラン変性）
イソプロパノール５００ｍｌ、酢酸２．５ｍｌ、改質薬剤としてＴＳＬ８２３３（ＧＥ東芝シリコーン製；ヘプタデカフルオロデシルトリメトキシシラン）を６ｍｌに変更した以外は、実施例１と同様の操作を行った。
(Example 2: modified with fluoroalkylsilane)
The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that 500 ml of isopropanol, 2.5 ml of acetic acid, and TSL8233 (manufactured by GE Toshiba Silicone; heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane) as a modifying agent were changed to 6 ml.
（実施例３；ポリアルキレングリコールエポキシ変性）
ビーカーにアセトン６００ｍｌを入れ、攪拌しながら、改質薬剤としてグリシエールＰＰ−３００Ｐ（三洋化成工業製；ポリオキシプロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル）を１８ｍｌ滴下しながら加えた。この溶液に燃料フィルター（セルロース繊維製、ロールオンタイプ）を入れ、１晩浸漬した。その後、燃料フィルターを１昼夜風乾後、１００℃で約５時間加熱処理した。
(Example 3; polyalkylene glycol epoxy modification)
600 ml of acetone was put into a beaker, and while stirring, glycier PP-300P (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd .; polyoxypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether) was added dropwise while stirring. A fuel filter (made of cellulose fiber, roll-on type) was put into this solution and immersed overnight. Thereafter, the fuel filter was air-dried for one day and night and then heat-treated at 100 ° C. for about 5 hours.
（比較例１）
実施例１〜３で用いた燃料フィルター（セルロース繊維製、ロールオンタイプ）を、そのまま（未改質のまま）評価に供した。
(Comparative Example 1)
The fuel filter (made of cellulose fiber, roll-on type) used in Examples 1 to 3 was used for evaluation as it was (unmodified).
実施例１〜３及び比較例１の結果を表１にまとめて示す。 The results of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 are summarized in Table 1.
表１に示した結果から、上記改質薬剤で処理したロールオンタイプの燃料フィルター（実施例１〜３）においては、計量器内に蓄積される空気量が２０ｃｃになるまでの時間は、未改質の燃料フィルター（比較例１）のそれに比べて長く、また、気泡の大きさは小さく、気泡の個数は少なくなっており、消泡性に優れた性能であることが示された。実施例２の気泡の個数は、比較例１よりも少なく、実施例１よりは多かった。実施例３の気泡の個数は、比較例１とあまり変わらなかった。 From the results shown in Table 1, in the roll-on type fuel filter (Examples 1 to 3) treated with the above reforming agent, the time until the amount of air accumulated in the meter reaches 20 cc is not revised. It was longer than that of the high quality fuel filter (Comparative Example 1), the size of the bubbles was small, the number of bubbles was small, and the performance was excellent in defoaming properties. The number of bubbles in Example 2 was smaller than that in Comparative Example 1 and larger than that in Example 1. The number of bubbles in Example 3 was not much different from that in Comparative Example 1.
（実施例４）
ビーカーにイソプロパノール３２０ｍｌを入れ、攪拌しながら、酢酸５．５ｍｌを滴下した。均一になったことを確認して、攪拌を続けながら、改質薬剤としてＫＢＭ−３１０３（信越化学工業製；デシルトリメトキシシラン）を滴下しながら３２ｍｌ加えた。この溶液に燃料フィルター（セルロース繊維製、フェノール樹脂含浸硬化済みの菊折型）を入れ、１晩浸漬した。その後、燃料フィルターを１昼夜風乾後、１００℃で約５時間加熱処理し、さらに風乾を２昼夜行った。
Example 4
Into a beaker, 320 ml of isopropanol was added, and 5.5 ml of acetic acid was added dropwise with stirring. After confirming that it became uniform, 32 ml of KBM-3103 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .; decyltrimethoxysilane) was added dropwise while continuing stirring. A fuel filter (manufactured from cellulose fiber, chrysanthemum folded mold impregnated with phenol resin) was placed in this solution and immersed overnight. Thereafter, the fuel filter was air-dried for 1 day and night, then heat-treated at 100 ° C. for about 5 hours, and further air-dried for 2 days and nights.
（比較例２）
実施例４で用いた燃料フィルター（フェノール樹脂含浸硬化済みの菊折型）を、そのまま（未改質のまま）評価に供した。
(Comparative Example 2)
The fuel filter used in Example 4 (Chrysanthemum folded with phenol resin impregnation and curing) was subjected to evaluation as it was (unmodified).
実施例４及び比較例２の結果を表２にまとめて示す。 The results of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2 are summarized in Table 2.
表２に示した結果から、上記改質薬剤で処理した菊折型の燃料フィルター（実施例４）においては、計量器内に蓄積される空気量が２０ｃｃになるまでの時間は、未改質の燃料フィルター（比較例２）のそれに比べて長く、また、気泡の大きさは小さく、気泡の個数は少なくなっており、消泡性に優れた性能であることが示された。 From the results shown in Table 2, in the Kikuori type fuel filter (Example 4) treated with the above-described reforming agent, the time until the amount of air accumulated in the meter reaches 20 cc is not reformed. This was longer than that of the fuel filter (Comparative Example 2), the size of the bubbles was small, the number of bubbles was small, and it was shown that the performance was excellent in defoaming properties.
（実施例５）
ビーカーに、１０ｍｌのフェノール樹脂溶液（フェノール５８％含有メタノール溶液）と、３ｍｌのアルキルシラン溶液（メタノール（５０ｍｌ）、ＫＢＭ−３１０３（１０ｍｌ）、酢酸（０．５ｍｌ）の混合液から採取）を３７ｍｌのメタノールで希釈したものとを混合し、その溶液に菊折型フィルター原紙（セルロース繊維製）を浸漬した。フィルター原紙が全体的に湿潤した後に引き上げ、風乾を１〜２日行った。その後、１８０℃×１０分で加熱処理した。
(Example 5)
In a beaker, 37 ml of 10 ml of phenol resin solution (methanol solution containing 58% phenol) and 3 ml of alkylsilane solution (taken from a mixture of methanol (50 ml), KBM-3103 (10 ml), and acetic acid (0.5 ml)) Was diluted with methanol and mixed with Kikuori filter base paper (made of cellulose fiber). The filter paper was pulled up after it was totally wet and air-dried for 1-2 days. Thereafter, heat treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes.
（比較例３）
比較例２として用いた燃料フィルター（フェノール樹脂含浸硬化済みの菊折型）を、そのまま（未改質のまま）評価に供した。
(Comparative Example 3)
The fuel filter used as Comparative Example 2 (chrysanthemum folded with phenol resin impregnation) was used for evaluation as it was (unmodified).
実施例５及び比較例３の結果を表３にまとめて示す。 The results of Example 5 and Comparative Example 3 are summarized in Table 3.
表３に示した結果から、上記改質薬剤で処理した菊折型のフィルター原紙（実施例５）においては、計量器内に蓄積される空気量が２０ｃｃになるまでの時間は、未改質の燃料フィルター（比較例３）のそれに比べて長く、また、気泡の大きさは小さく、気泡の個数は少なくなっており、消泡性に優れた性能であることが示された。 From the results shown in Table 3, in the chrysanthemum type filter base paper (Example 5) treated with the above-mentioned modifying agent, the time until the amount of air accumulated in the measuring device reaches 20 cc is unmodified. This was longer than that of the fuel filter (Comparative Example 3), the size of the bubbles was small, the number of bubbles was small, and it was shown that the performance was excellent in defoaming properties.
Claims (6)
フィルターエレメント本体を、そのフィルターエレメント本体を構成する繊維と反応する１つ以上の反応性官能基を有する改質薬剤の溶液に浸漬して改質薬剤を繊維に含浸させ、しかる後、そのフィルターエレメント本体に、乾燥処理と、加熱、光、又は電子線による化学反応処理とを施し、繊維表面に上記改質薬剤を化学的に結合させて固定化することを特徴とするフィルターエレメントの改質方法。 A method for reforming a filter element that filters a liquid of fuel or oil , miniaturizes and reduces bubbles and bubbles contained in the liquid,
The filter element body is immersed in a solution of a modifying agent having one or more reactive functional groups that react with the fibers constituting the filter element body so that the modifying agent is impregnated into the fiber, and then the filter element A filter element modification method comprising subjecting a main body to a drying treatment and a chemical reaction treatment by heating, light, or an electron beam, and chemically immobilizing the modification agent on a fiber surface. .
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| CN105948159B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2018-10-26 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 | A kind of preparation method of heavy metal adsorption filter core |
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