JP4890515B2 - Speaker - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a speaker used for, for example, a headphone or an earphone.

  Conventionally, as a speaker, sound volume and sound characteristics are averaged by resonance in the internal space. In particular, for bass sounds, the bass reflex effect was used in the internal space (see Japanese Patent No. 3423883: Patent Document 1).

However, there is a problem that the internal space is small and the low frequency sound cannot be sufficiently enhanced, and the low frequency sound is insufficient.
Japanese Patent No. 334883

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a speaker capable of improving the sound quality of low-frequency sound.

In order to solve the above problems, the speaker of the present invention is
A speaker body having a diaphragm covering the front surface;
A speaker case covering the rear part so as to have a case space between the rear part of the speaker main body and
The main body space inside the speaker main body and partitioned by the inner surface of the diaphragm, and the case space communicate with each other,
The volume of the case space is 1.5 times or more the volume of the main body space,
And the body space, and the case space, and the outside of the speaker casing, and communicating,
The speaker body is
A cylindrical portion provided to protrude rearward from the diaphragm;
An annular coil attached to the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion;
An elastic plate attached directly or indirectly to the speaker case so as to face the rear of the diaphragm;
A support attached to the elastic plate;
A magnet attached to the support so as to be located inside the annular coil;
Have
At least a space between the vibration plate, the elastic plate, and the support portion forms the main body space .

According to the speaker of the present invention, since the volume of the case space is 1.5 times or more the volume of the main body space, a sound wave having a low frequency (for example, 1 Hz to 600 Hz) resonates in the case space, Be enhanced. Therefore, the sound quality of the low frequency sound can be improved.
In addition, since the case space and the outside of the speaker case communicate with each other, the main body space, the case space, and the outside of the speaker case can communicate with each other, and the atmospheric pressure of the main body space and the case space can be controlled by the speaker. It can be kept constant against the atmospheric pressure outside the case. Therefore, the expansion and contraction of the diaphragm can be prevented regardless of the external atmospheric pressure or temperature change.

Further, the speaker body, the tubular portion, said annular coil, said elastic plate, since it has the support and the magnet, the sound waves of a low frequency, and the elastic plate resonates, low frequency sound waves Can be further enhanced, and the sound quality of the low-frequency sound can be further improved.

In the speaker of one embodiment,
The speaker case is provided with a case hole that communicates the case space with the outside of the speaker case.
The case hole is provided with a waterproof elastic film.

  According to the speaker of this embodiment, since the elastic film is provided in the case hole of the speaker case, the elastic film has a waterproof property, and the elastic film is adjusted to increase / decrease pressure against external atmospheric pressure and temperature change. It plays the role of a valve, and the air pressure in the main body space and the case space can be kept constant with respect to the air pressure outside the speaker case.

  According to the speaker of the present invention, since the volume of the case space is 1.5 times or more the volume of the main body space, the sound quality of the low frequency sound can be improved.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a front view of a first embodiment of the speaker of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an AA cross-sectional view of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this speaker is a waterproof type, and is used for a headphone or an earphone. The speaker includes a speaker body 1 and a speaker case 2 that accommodates the speaker body 1.

  The speaker case 2 includes a cup-shaped main body 20 and a lid 21 that covers the front opening of the main body 20. The speaker main body 1 is attached to the front opening of the main body portion 20. The lid portion 21 is provided with a plurality of holes, through which the sound from the speaker body 1 passes.

  The material of the speaker case 2 is, for example, thin urethane rubber, silicone rubber, plastic resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, stainless steel, aluminum, steel material, polymer material, FRP resin, or the like.

  The speaker body 1 includes a case portion 10 and a diaphragm 11 that covers the front opening of the case portion 10. The outer peripheral part of the diaphragm 11 is bonded to the case part 10 through a waterproof adhesive. A protective film 18 is attached to the forefront of the diaphragm 11 in front of the diaphragm 11.

  The material of the diaphragm 11 is, for example, a polymer material, paper, urethane, silicone rubber, polypropylene, paper such as polyethylene or polyimide, a plastic resin, or a steel material. The thickness of the diaphragm 11 is set in the range of 5 mm to 0.001 mm, for example.

  A cylindrical portion 12 is provided on the diaphragm 11 so as to protrude rearward. An annular coil 13 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 12. A signal line is connected to the coil 13 and a signal is sent from the amplifier.

  An annular elastic plate 14 is attached in the case portion 10 so as to face the rear of the diaphragm 11. The elastic plate 14 is indirectly attached to the speaker case 2. The outer peripheral portion of the elastic plate 14 is fixed to the middle stage of the case portion 10.

  A box-shaped support portion 15 is attached to the elastic plate 14. The outer peripheral surface of the support portion 15 is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the elastic plate 14. The support portion 15 is suspended from the elastic plate 14. The support part 15 is a yoke.

  A magnet 16 is attached to the bottom of the support portion 15. The magnet 16 is located inside the annular coil 13. The coil 13 (cylindrical portion 12) is located between the outer surface of the magnet 16 and the inner surface of the support portion 15. A yoke 17 is attached to the surface of the magnet 16 facing the diaphragm 11.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the elastic plate 14 has a gimbal structure. The elastic plate 14 has an annular portion 14a and three arc portions 14b arranged at equal intervals on the outer peripheral side of the annular portion 14a. One end of the arc portion 14b is fixed to the annular portion 14a, and the other end of the arc portion 14b is fixed to the case portion 10.

  The elastic plate 14 is configured to resonate with the support portion 15 with respect to a sound wave having a low frequency (for example, 1 Hz to 600 Hz). The material of the elastic plate 14 is, for example, stainless steel, hard resin, hard wood, plastic or steel material.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the speaker case 2 covers the rear part of the speaker main body 1 and has a case space S <b> 2 between the speaker main body 1 and the rear part. The main body space S1 inside the speaker main body 1 and the case space S2 communicate with each other.

  The main body space S1 is a space surrounded by the case portion 10 and the diaphragm 11. An air hole 15 a is provided at the bottom of the support part 15, and an air hole 10 a is provided at the bottom of the case part 10.

  Case space S2 and the outside of speaker case 2 communicate. The speaker case 2 is provided with a case hole 20a that allows the case space S2 and the outside of the speaker case 2 to communicate with each other. The case hole 20a is provided with a waterproof elastic film 5. The material of the elastic film 5 is, for example, a steel material, rubber, a polymer sheet, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, or an elastic polymer material.

  The volume of the case space S2 is 1.5 times or more the volume of the main body space S1. The air hole 10a of the case portion 10 exerts a canceling action on the sound wave having a middle to high frequency (for example, 600 Hz to 20 KHz), and exerts a mechanical action such that the position of the interference wave moves. The case space S2 exerts a resonance effect on sound waves having a low frequency (for example, 1 Hz to 600 Hz).

  Next, the operation of the speaker having the above configuration will be described.

  When a signal current corresponding to the sound flows from the amplifier to the coil 13 where the magnetic flux of the magnet 16 intersects, the diaphragm 11 moves up and down relative to the elastic plate 14, the support portion 15 and the magnet 16 to generate a signal current. Generate sound according to the.

  The aspect of the relative motion differs depending on the frequency of the sound to be emitted. In the low frequency range of 1 Hz to 600 Hz, the case portion 10 has the air in the main body space S1 and the air in the case space S2 as indicated by arrows. The diaphragm 11, the air in the main body space S1, and the air in the case space S2 resonate mainly through the air holes 10a.

  On the other hand, in the middle and high frequency range where the frequency exceeds 600 Hz to 20 KHz, there is almost no air coming and going through the air hole 10a of the case portion 10, and the diaphragm 11 and the air in the main body space S1 mainly resonate.

  The reason why the air in the case space S2 resonates in the low frequency range is that the air in the main body space S1 that moves dynamically moves back and forth between the case space S2 and the air hole 10a of the case portion 10. It is. Furthermore, since the elastic plate 14 vibrates due to low frequency sound, the air in the main body space S1 moves more dynamically as the elastic plate 14 vibrates.

  On the other hand, in the middle and high frequency range, the air in the main body space S1 does not move dynamically, and there is almost no air going back and forth through the air holes 10a of the case portion 10, so the air in the case space S2 does not resonate. Moreover, since the mass of the support part 15 and the magnet 16 is larger than the frequency, the elastic plate 14 hardly vibrates.

  According to the speaker having the above-described configuration, the volume of the case space S2 is 1.5 times or more the volume of the main body space S1, so that the low frequency sound wave resonates in the case space S1 and is enhanced. Therefore, the sound quality of the low frequency sound can be improved. On the other hand, since the air in the main body space S <b> 1 does not move significantly in the middle and high frequency sound waves, it is directly output from the diaphragm 11 to the outside. On the other hand, when the volume of the main body space S1 and the volume of the case space S2 are the same, the low frequency sound waves cancel each other and cannot resonate.

  Further, since the speaker body 1 includes the cylindrical portion 12, the annular coil 13, the elastic plate 14, the support portion 15, and the magnet 16, the elastic plate 14 resonates due to the low frequency sound wave, and the low frequency sound wave. Can be further enhanced, and the sound quality of the low-frequency sound can be further improved.

  In addition, since the case space S2 and the outside of the speaker case 2 communicate with each other, the main body space S1, the case space S2, and the outside of the speaker case 2 can communicate with each other, and the air pressure in the main body space S1 and the case space S2 can be changed. 2 can be kept constant with respect to the external atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the expansion and contraction of the diaphragm 11 can be prevented regardless of the external atmospheric pressure or temperature change.

  In addition, since the elastic membrane 5 is provided in the case hole 20a of the speaker case 2, the elastic membrane 5 has a waterproof property, and the elastic membrane 5 plays a role of a pressure increase / decrease adjustment valve with respect to an external atmospheric pressure or a temperature change. In addition, the air pressure in the main body space S1 and the case space S2 can be kept constant with respect to the air pressure outside the speaker case 2.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the speaker of the present invention. The differences from the first embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the configurations of the speaker body and the speaker case are different. Note that the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment have the same configurations as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the speaker case 2 </ b> A does not have the lid portion 21 of the first embodiment and has a cup-shaped main body portion 20.

  The speaker body 1A does not have the case portion 10 of the first embodiment, and the elastic plate 14 is directly attached to the body portion 20 of the speaker case 2A. The diaphragm 11A covers the front opening of the main body 20 of the speaker case 2A. The main body space S1 of the speaker main body 1A is a space defined by the inner surface of the main body portion 20 of the speaker case 2A, the vibration plate 11A, the elastic plate 14, and the support portion 15. The main body space S1 communicates with the case space S2 through the air holes 15a of the support portion 15.

  In the speaker of the second embodiment, the case portion 10 and the lid portion 21 of the first embodiment are not provided, and the diaphragm 11A also serves as the lid portion 21. Therefore, the thickness in the front-rear direction of the speaker is reduced. Thus, the size can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a wall-like diaphragm 11A such as a plate or glass may be used as the diaphragm, and sound is output from both surfaces of the wall-like diaphragm 11A as indicated by arrows. it can.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the speaker of the present invention. The differences from the second embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, the configurations of the speaker body and the speaker case are different. Note that the same reference numerals as those of the second embodiment have the same configurations as those of the second embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the main body 20 of the speaker case 2B has a larger opening than the opening of the main body 20 of the speaker case 2A of the second embodiment.

  The elastic plate 14 of the speaker body 1B is attached to an inner flange portion 20b formed on the inner surface of the body portion 20 of the speaker case 2B.

  The diaphragm 11B of the speaker body 1B has a corrugated uneven portion 11a on the inner side in the vicinity of the opening end of the body portion 20 of the speaker case 2B. The uneven portion 11a is concentrically formed in an annular shape with respect to the center of the diaphragm 11B. The uneven portion 11a faces the main body space S1.

  In the speaker of the third embodiment, the uneven portion 11a can resonate in a specific sound range.

  And the speaker of this 3rd Embodiment can be utilized for an organic material acoustic wave vibrator, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the speaker is attached to the bottom of the vibrator case 6. An organic material 7 flows into the vibrator case 6. The diaphragm 11 </ b> B is in contact with the organic material 7. The organic material 7 vibrates by the sound wave output from the vibration plate 11 </ b> B, and a wave is generated on the water surface of the organic material 7. Further, bubbles can be generated from the organic material 7 by sound waves. In addition to organic materials, seawater or water may be used, and this sonic vibrator can make it possible to separate and combine mud and dirt.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, it is not necessary to provide an elastic film in the case hole of the speaker case, and it may be applied to a speaker that is not waterproof.

It is a front view which shows 1st Embodiment of the speaker of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of a speaker. It is sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the speaker of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows another speaker. It is sectional drawing which shows 3rd Embodiment of the speaker of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another speaker.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A, 1B Speaker main body 10 Case part 10a Air hole 11, 11A, 11B Diaphragm 11a Irregular part 12 Tube part 13 Coil 14 Elastic plate 14a Annular part 14b Arc part 15 Support part 15a Air hole 16 Magnet 17 Yoke 18 Protective film 2, 2A, 2B Speaker case 20 Main body 20a Case hole 20b Inner collar 21 Lid 5 Elastic film 6 Vibrator case 7 Organic material S1 Main body space S2 Case space

Claims (2)

A speaker body having a diaphragm covering the front surface;
A speaker case covering the rear part so as to have a case space between the rear part of the speaker main body and
The main body space inside the speaker main body and partitioned by the inner surface of the diaphragm, and the case space communicate with each other,
The volume of the case space is 1.5 times or more the volume of the main body space,
And the body space, and the case space, and the outside of the speaker casing, and communicating,
The speaker body is
A cylindrical portion provided to protrude rearward from the diaphragm;
An annular coil attached to the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion;
An elastic plate attached directly or indirectly to the speaker case so as to face the rear of the diaphragm;
A support attached to the elastic plate;
A magnet attached to the support so as to be located inside the annular coil;
Have
At least a space between the vibration plate, the elastic plate, and the support portion forms the main body space . The speaker according to claim 1 ,
The speaker case is provided with a case hole that communicates the case space with the outside of the speaker case.
A speaker, wherein the case hole is provided with a waterproof elastic film.

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