JP4861177B2 - 神経系の障害の処置 - Google Patents
神経系の障害の処置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4861177B2 JP4861177B2 JP2006525926A JP2006525926A JP4861177B2 JP 4861177 B2 JP4861177 B2 JP 4861177B2 JP 2006525926 A JP2006525926 A JP 2006525926A JP 2006525926 A JP2006525926 A JP 2006525926A JP 4861177 B2 JP4861177 B2 JP 4861177B2
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Description
本願は、2003年9月12日に出願された特許文献1の利益を主張し、本明細書中に参考としてその全体が援用される。
本発明は、神経幹細胞および神経前駆細胞(まとめてNSCと称する)に、一般に作用して、損傷を受けるか、欠けているか、もしくは瀕死であるニューロンまたは他の神経系細胞型を置換し得る子孫を産生する方法に関係する。さらに具体的には、本発明は、NSCをインビボまたはインビトロにおいてFTY720またはその誘導体で処置して、NSCの成長、分化、増殖、生存および移動を調節する方法を含む。これらの方法は、例えば、神経系障害の少なくとも1つの症状を減少させるために有用である。
ここ数年の間に、神経幹細胞が成体哺乳動物の脳において存在することが立証された。新しいニューロンは上記成体哺乳動物の脳において産生されるという最初の示唆は、1960年代に実施された研究(AltmanおよびDas 1965(非特許文献1);AltmanおよびDas 1967(非特許文献2))によってもたらされた。しかしながら、上記哺乳動物の中枢神経系(CNS)内での神経発生は胚形成および周産期に制限されるという理論をひっくり返すために、さらに30年間および精錬された技術手順を必要とした(総説についてはMomma,Johanssonら 2000(非特許文献3);KuhnおよびSvendsen 1999(非特許文献4)を参照のこと)。神経疾患および神経損傷の処置は、従来は現存のニューロンの生存を保つことに注力していたが、神経障害および神経疾患の治療的処置のために神経発生を利用する可能性が、今日では存在する。
本発明は、本明細書で示されるFTY720(2−アミノ−2−[2−(4−オクチルフェニル)エチル]−1,3−プロパンジオール)が、成体の神経幹細胞または神経前駆細胞(NSC)の神経発生を効果的に調節し得るという、驚くべき発見に基づく。したがって、FTY720は、NSCの増殖、分化、移動、または生存を調節するために有用である。本明細書中で使用される場合、用語「FTY720」は、FTY720および本明細書中で詳細に記載される、その誘導体を含む。
(a)NSCを含む細胞集団と、FTY720を含む組成物とを接触させる工程;
(b)工程(a)の上記接触させた細胞集団を単離し、その結果NSCに富む細胞集団を産生する工程
を包含する、ヒトNSCに富む細胞集団を産生するための方法を包含する。
(a)成体または他の非胚性組織から得られた、単離されたNSCの集団;および
(b)他の増殖因子を添加した、または他の増殖因子の添加なしのFTY720;
を投与する工程を包含する、被験体における神経系障害の症状を緩和する方法を包含する。
(定義)
本開示の全体にわたって、用語「神経幹細胞」(NSC)は、「神経前駆細胞」、「ニューロン前駆細胞」、「神経前駆体細胞」、および「ニューロン前駆体細胞」を含む(全てはNPCとして本明細書で言及される)。これらの細胞は、非胚性(例えば、成体)の細胞であり、持続して細胞増殖を起こすその能力、それら自体の正確な複製物を再生する能力(自己再生)、多数の局所的細胞の子孫を産生する能力、および損傷または疾患に応答して新しい細胞を精巧に作り上げる能力により、同定され得る。
本発明は、FTY720(2−アミノ−2−[2−(4−オクチルフェニル)エチル]−1,3−プロパンジオール)およびその誘導体を利用する組成物および方法を包含する。例えば、表1;米国特許第6,004,565号、同6,476,004号、WO 99/36065、およびWO 94/08943を参照のこと。これらは本明細書中に参考としてその全体が援用される。FTY720誘導体は、上記FTY720分子の任意の化学修飾物を包含するが(例えば、表2を参照のこと)、ただし、上記誘導体はS1Pではない。誘導体の限定されない例としては、例えば、FTY720のリン酸エステル代謝産物、FTY720の薬学的に受容可能な塩、FTY720ホスフェート生物学的同配体、ならびに上記化合物の細胞膜および血液脳関門の通過が促進されるようにリン酸基が修飾された化合物が挙げられる。非修飾FTY720およびFTY720P(以下を参照のこと)はまた、上記血液脳関門を通過させるために使用され得る。必要に応じて、FTY720は、投与後のFTY720の半減期を向上させるためにポリエチレングリコール化(pegylate)され得る。タンパク質および試薬をポリエチレングリコール化する方法は、当業者に周知であり、そして、例えば、米国特許第5,166,322号、同第5,766,897号、同第6,420,339号および同第6,552,170号に記載される。
FTY720と内在性のリゾリン脂質スフィンゴシンとはいくつかの構造的特徴を共有し、このような構造的特徴としては、親油性テール、2−アミノ基、およびリン酸ヘッド基(phosphate head group)が挙げられる(表2)。スフィンゴシンおよびFTY720は、インビボにおいてリン酸化された結果、それぞれ、スフィンゴシン−1−リン酸(S1P)およびFTY720Pとなる。S1PおよびFTY720Pの両方は、一群のGタンパク質共役レセプター(S1P1〜S1P5と命名されているS1Pレセプター(S1PR))に対するリガンドである。これらは、以前はEDGレセプター(EDG1=S1P1;EDG3=S1P3;EDG5=S1P2;EDG6=S1P4;EDG8=S1P5)と呼ばれていた。
すべてのS1PRは、単一のエキソンによりコードされている。S1P1は、クローニングされた最初のS1PRであった。それは、もともとは内皮細胞の分化の際に誘導される転写産物として発見された。このことが、以前の名前であるEDG(内皮分化遺伝子)のもととなった。ヒトおよびマウス両方のS1P1は382アミノ酸を含み、約43kDaの見かけ上の分子量を有する。S1P2(ヒトでは353アミノ酸;マウスでは352アミノ酸)は、後にラット脳およびラット脈管平滑筋細胞より単離され、S1P3は、ヒトゲノムライブラリーより単離された。S1P4は、インビトロにおいて分化した、ヒト樹状細胞およびマウス樹状細胞よりクローニングされた。S1P5は、PC12細胞cDNAライブラリーよりクローニングされた、nrg−1と呼ばれる遺伝子と対応することが示された。最初にS1PRが唯一のS1PRでなくなった(deorphanize)際、S1P1はS1Pによって活性化されることが発見された。配列分析は、上記S1PRがカンナビノイドレセプターと約20%のアミノ酸相同性、およびリゾホスファチジン酸レセプター(LPA1〜3、以前はEDG2、4、7と呼ばれていた)と約30%の同一性を示すことを明らかにした。
本発明は、神経系障害(ただし、その障害は多発性硬化症(MS)ではない)を患う被験体に、治療的に有効な量のFTY720を投与することによって、この神経系障害の1つ以上の症状を緩和する方法を包含する。
本発明は、FTY720を含む組成物を神経系障害を患う被験体に投与してNSC活性を刺激し、それによって、神経系における損傷を受けたかまたは失われたニューロンを置換する方法を包含する。このような方法に従って、FTY720は、インビボにおいてNSCまたはNPC活性を調節するために、適切な投与経路を通じて適切な処方物で提供される。
(1)単独で、0.001ng/kg/日〜10mg/kg/日の投与量範囲で、好ましくは0.01ng/kg/日〜5mg/kg/日の投与量範囲で、好ましくは0.1ng/kg/日〜1mg/kg/日の投与量範囲で、好ましくは100ng/kg/日〜1mg/kg/日の投与量範囲で、もっとも好ましくは1ng/kg/日〜1mg/kg/日または1μg/kg/日〜0.1mg/kg/日で、
(2)脳室壁透過性増大因子と組み合わせて、または
(3)局所性または全身性の共投与薬剤と組み合わせて
投与する工程を包含する。
本発明はまた、治療的目的のため、FTY720を投与してNSCの活性を刺激する方法を包含する。本発明の方法は、神経路に影響する種々の神経系疾患、神経系障害、および神経系損傷の処置を可能にするために、インビボにおいてNSCを修飾または操作するために使用され得る。1つの局面において、本発明の方法は、NSCと、上記NSCの成長、増殖、分化、または生存を刺激するのに十分な量のFTY720を含む組成物とを接触させる工程を包含する。特定の局面において、FTY720は、上記S1PRシグナル伝達経路の活性を刺激する。本発明の方法は、インビトロ(例えば、細胞をFTY720とともに培養することによる)または、代替的に、インビボ(被験体へとFTY720を投与することによる)において実施され得る。このようにして、本発明は、障害(特に神経系障害)に悩まされる個体を処置する方法を提供する。上記方法は、異常な細胞増殖、異常な細胞分化、異常な細胞移動、または異常な細胞生存によって特徴付けられる障害に対して、特に有用である。
神経系障害を有する被験体を処置するための前述の方法の各々の有効性は、上記障害を評価するための標準化された任意の公知の試験により、評価され得る。
5〜6週齢マウスの側脳室の前側壁を、4.5mg/mlのグルコースおよび80ユニット/mlのDNaseを含むDMEM中の、0.8mg/mlのヒアルロニダーゼおよび0.5mg/mlのトリプシンで、37℃で20分間、酵素学的に解離させた。その細胞を、穏やかに粉砕(triturate)し、20ng/mlのEGF(そうでないと明記しない限り)、100ユニット/mlのペニシリン、および100μg/mlのストレプトマイシンを含む、3容量の神経球培地(DMEM/F12、B27補充物、125mMのHEPES、pH 7.4)と混合した。70μmストレーナーに通した後、上記細胞を160×gで5分間、ペレット化(pellet)した。引き続いてその上清を取り除き、そして上記細胞を上述ように補充し神経球培地で再懸濁し、培養皿にプレーティングし、そして37℃でインキュベートした。神経球培養物は、プレーティングの約7日間の後に、分離できる状態となった。
神経球を、上述のようにしてLVWより調製した。最初に分けてから3日間の後、上記神経球を収集し、そしてQIAGENのRNeasy Mini Kitを製品の使用説明書に従って使用して総RNAを単離した。LVWおよびROBの総RNAを、神経球の総RNAの方法と同じ方法で調製した。RT−PCRに先立って、総RNAを37℃で15分間DNase(Ambion)処理(5μg総RNAあたり1ユニット)し、続いて75℃で10分間熱失活させた。8種のEDG/S1Pレセプターに対応するmRNAの存在を検出するために、InvitrogenのOne−Step RT−PCR Kitを使用した。手短に言えば、58℃のアニーリング温度で、12.5ngの総RNAを各々の反応において使用した。上記総RNAへのゲノムの混入が偽陽性の結果を引き起こしたのではないことをさらに保証するために、Taqポリメラーゼのみを用いた同じ反応を、実験RT−PCRと平行して実施した。その反応物を、臭化エチジウムを含む1.0%アガロースゲル上で電気泳動し、そしてUV光下でバンドを可視化した。上記所望の遺伝子のPCR産物の見込まれた長さに対応するバンドを、クローニングベクターpGEM−Teasyの中へクローン化した。構築物を配列決定して、それらの同一性を確認した。プライマー配列を、以下に示す。
細胞を、10nMのFTY720を補充したか、またはFTY720を含まない(対照細胞)DMEM/F12中に、10,000細胞/ウェルの密度で、懸濁細胞として蒔いた。接着性の細胞を、ポリ−D−リジン上に1%ウシ胎仔血清(FCS)を補充したDMEM/F12中に、30,000細胞/ウェルの密度で蒔いた。これらの細胞が接着したら(4時間後)、その培地を無血清培地と交換し、そして10nMのFTY720を加えた。
細胞内ATPレベルは、細胞数と相関することが以前に示された(Crouch,Kozlowskiら 1993)。以下の実験を、4つの平行した実験の組み合わせで実施した(すなわち、4連で実施した)ため、その細胞は種々のアッセイで使用され得た。FTY720を添加し、そして細胞を37℃で3日間インキュベートした。細胞を、Tris−EDTA緩衝液中の0.1%のTriton−X100で溶解した。細胞内ATPを、製造業者の使用説明書(BioThema、Sweden)に従って、ATP−SLキットを使用して測定した。細胞内ATPは、細胞数と相関することが示された(Crouch,S.P.、Kozlowski,R.、1993)。各々の実験について、神経発生の徴候についてウェルを目視検査し、そして計数して、上記アッセイの結果を確認した。結果は、再現性があり、そして統計学的に有意であった。
細胞増殖を測定するために、DNA合成が一般に使用される。このような測定に関しては、有糸分裂がに活性な細胞のDNAを標識するために、3H−チミジンが慣習的に用いられる。この実験においては、3H−チミジンを、5−ブロモ−2−デオキシウリジン(BrdU)により置き換えた。そのピリミジン類似体がDNAの中に取り込まれた後に、BrdUを、免疫学的測定法により検出した。ELISAキットは、Roche、Germanyより提供された。
3日間の間に起こった細胞の死を、培地中への乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)の漏出量として測定した。生存可能な細胞は、LDHを漏出せず;細胞膜が損傷を受け死んだ細胞のみが、LDHを漏出する。総LDH(培地+細胞)に対する培地中のLDHの比率は、細胞死の百分率を示す。このようにして、処理された細胞および未処理の細胞は、上記ATP増殖アッセイにおいて観察された異なった結果の原因としてアポトーシスを除外するために、比較され得る。LDHの量を、製品(Promega、USA(Chenら、2004もまた、参照のこと))の使用説明書に従って測定した。
成体マウスの脳全体の切片(14μm)を、−17℃にてクリオスタットで切断し、顕微鏡スライド(Superfrost Plus;BDH、UK)上において解凍し、そして4%のホルムアルデヒド中で5分間固定した。試料を、0.2MのHCl中で15分間除タンパク質処理し、0.1Mのトリエタノールアミン緩衝液(pH 8.0)中の0.25%の無水酢酸中で20分間処理し、そして、ハイブリダイゼーションの前に、5分間のクロロホルム工程を含むエタノール濃度の上昇系列中で脱水した。マウスS1PR mRNAを検出するために、S1P1に対して特異的なアンチセンスcRNAプローブ、S1P5に対して特異的なアンチセンスcRNAプローブを、対応するORF cDNAを含むプラスミド(pGEM−Teasy)より転写し、同時にそれらを[α−35S]UTPで標識した(表4を参照のこと)。
これらの研究のために、11.6mgのFTY720を、0.1%のマウス血清を含むリン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)中に溶解し、0.5mg/mlの濃度にした。その溶液を、PBS+0.1%マウス血清中において0.25mg/mlまでさらに希釈した。BrdUを、6.25mg/mlの最終濃度となるように加えた。成体(>8週齢)のオスのC57BL6マウスは、7日間にわたり、24時間毎に1回の200μlのIP注入を受けた。次いでこのマウスをCO2で屠殺した。1つのコホートの動物を、屠殺の前にさらに14日間生存させておいた。対照注入は、PBS+0.1%マウス血清中の同じ濃度のBrdUからなっていた。その脳を解剖して取り出し、そして急速凍結させた。0.5mg/mlの上記FTY720溶液は、4°または−20°で貯蔵した後、沈殿物を示した。0.25mg/mlにさらに希釈し、ボルテックスし、そして37°まで加温した後で、沈殿物の量は有意に減少した。
これらの研究は、上記成体マウスの脳における、FTY720P応答性レセプターのmRNAおよびタンパク質の発現パターンを調査した。その結果は、S1P1およびS1P5は、成体マウスの脳の神経原性領域において発現されることを示した。RT−PCRを使用することにより、すべてのS1PR mRNAが、側脳室壁組織またはこの組織由来の培養した神経幹細胞(NSC)に由来する神経球のいずれかにおいて発現されることが見出された(表5)。
FTY720Pは、成体の神経幹細胞のインビトロにおける増殖を誘導すると決定された。上記ATPアッセイを使用して、FTY720処理した懸濁細胞および接着性細胞において、細胞内ATPレベル(およびそれゆえ、細胞数)における、それぞれ、25%および42%の増加が見られた。増殖を確認するために、BrdUの取り込みを、DNA合成を評価するために使用した。FTY720処理した懸濁細胞および接着性細胞において、BrdUの取り込みにおいて、それぞれ52%および271%の増加が測定された。ATPおよびBrdU取り込みにおけるこれらの増加は、統計学的に有意であると決定された(図1)。別々の実験において、NSCについての用量応答曲線を作成(perform)したところ、それにより、FTY720の非常に低いEC50(0.02nM(図2))が明らかとなった。FTY720についての上記EC50値はEGFについてのEC50値と同等な範囲にあり、このことは、FTY720がNSCについての非常に強力な有糸分裂促進剤であることを示している。細胞数の相違がアポトーシスレベルにおける相違の結果ではなかったことを確実にするために、LDHレベル(細胞死を測定するアッセイ)を測定した。対照細胞とFTY720処理細胞との間におけるLDHレベルの有意な変化は、観察されなかった。
神経発生のFTY720刺激を特徴付けるために、インビボにおける研究が実施され得る。このような研究は、神経発生に対する増殖因子の影響を試験するために使用される上記脳室内注入実験においてモデル化され得る。EGFおよび塩基性FGFの両方の注入は、脳室壁細胞の集団を増殖させることが示されており、そしてEGFの場合では、隣接する線条体実質の中への前駆体の広範な移動が示されている(Craig,C.G.、V.Tropepeら、1996;Kuhn,H.G.、J.Winklerら、1997)。ニューロンの産生が減少している間は、上記前駆体の分化は、主にグリア系列への分化である(Kuhn,H.G.、J.Winklerら 1997)。最近の研究は、成体ラットにおけるBDNFの脳室内注入が、嗅球ならびに吻側細胞移動路、および実質構造(線条、中隔、視床および視床下部を含む)において新たに生成されるニューロンの数の増加を促進させることを発見した(Pencea,V.、K.D.Bingamanら、2001)。
上記S1PR(例えば、S1P1またはS1P5)を介してNSCを増殖させるFTY720の能力を特徴付けることが、1つの目標である。FTY720で誘導される神経幹細胞活性の刺激は、多くの神経系の障害(例えば、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー病、うつ病のすべての形態、認知障害、精神分裂病、ハンティングトン病、および脊髄損傷のような外傷)の症状を緩和することにおいて、有益である。神経幹細胞活性の誘導に加えて、FTY720の抗炎症活性はまた、パーキンソン病を処置することに相乗様式で作用し得る。
FTY720は、回復を立証するための以下のCNS疾患/CNS障害/CNS外傷の動物モデルが特徴付けられる。例示的なモデルを、以下に列挙する;付加的な/改変されたモデルもまた、使用される:
(てんかんのモデル)例えば、電気ショック誘導性痙攣(Billington Aら、Neuroreport 2000年11月27日;11(17):3817−22)、ペンチレンテトラゾール誘導性痙攣(Gamaniel Kら、Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1989年2月;35(2):63−8)またはカイニン酸誘導性痙攣(Riban Vら、Neuroscience 2002;112(1):101−11);
(精神病/精神分裂病のモデル)例えば、アンフェタミン誘導性常同症/歩行運動モデル(Borison RL & Diamond BI、Biol Psychiatry 1978年4月;13(2):217−25)、MK−801誘導性常同症モデル(Tiedtkeら、J Neural Transm Gen Sect 1990;81(3):173−82)、MAM(メチルアゾキシメタノール)誘導性モデル(Fiore Mら、Neuropharmacology 1999年6月;38(6):857−69;Talamini LMら、Brain Res 1999年11月13日;847(1):105−20)またはリーラーモデル(Ballmaier Mら、Eur J Neurosci 2002年4月;15(17):1197−205);
(パーキンソン病のモデル)例えば、MPTP誘導性変性(Schmidt & Ferger、J Neural Transm 2001;108(11):1263−82)、6−OHドパミン誘導性変性(O’Dell & Marshall、Neuroreport 1996年11月4日;7(15−17):2457−61);
(アルツハイマー病のモデル)例えば、脳弓采損傷モデル(Krugelら、Int J Dev Neurosci 2001年6月;19(3):263−77)、基底前脳損傷モデル(Moyse Eら、Brain Res 1993年4月2日;607(1−2):154−60);
(脳卒中のモデル)例えば、局所虚血(Schwartz DAら、Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2002年5月30日;101(1−2):12−22);総体虚血(2−脈管閉塞または4−脈管閉塞)(Roof RLら、Stroke 2001年11月;32(11)2648−57;Yagita Yら、Stroke 2001年8月;32(8);1890−6);
(筋萎縮性側索硬化症のモデル)例えば、pmnマウスモデル(Kennel Pら、J Neurol Sci 2000年11月1日;180(1−2):55−61);
(不安のモデル)例えば、高架式十字迷路試験(elevated plus−maze test)(Holmes Aら、Behav Neurosci 2001年10月;115(5):1129−44)、ガラス玉覆い隠し試験(marble burying test)(Broekkampら、Eur J Pharmacol 1986年7月31日;126(3)223−9)、オープンフィールド試験(Pelleymounterら、J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002年7月;302(1):145−52);
(うつ病のモデル)例えば、学習性無力試験(learned helplessnss test)、強制水泳試験(forced swim test)(Shirayama Yら、J Neurosci 2002年4月15日;22(8)3251−61)、球切除(bulbectomy)(O’Connorら、Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1988;12(1):41−51);
(学習/記憶についてのモデル)例えば、Morris水迷路試験(Morris water maze test)(Schenk F & Morris RG、Exp Brain Res 1985;58(1):11−28);
(ハンティングトン病についてのモデル)例えば、キノリン酸注入(Marco Sら、J Neurobiol 2002年3月;50(4):323−32)、トランスジェニック/ノックイン(Menalled LBおよびChesselet MF、Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2002年1月;23(1):32−9に概説される);ならびに
(加齢についてのモデル)老年のマウス/ラットを使用する。
(神経発生−化合物のインビボ試験:)
(動物:)オスのラット(マウスについては相当するプロトコルもまた使用される)。動物舎:12時間明期/暗期体制;飼料:標準的な固形飼料;自由に摂食および飲水;標準的なケージ中に5匹の動物;
(化合物投与:)BrdUまたは3H−チミジンもしくは他の増殖マーカーおよび関連する化合物の、1〜14日間にわたる浸透圧ミニポンプによる脳注入。注入後0〜4週間の間の生存。
Claims (38)
- 被験体において神経発生を調節するための組成物であって、神経発生を調節するために十分な量のFTY720またはその誘導体を含み、該誘導体はFTY720のリン酸エステル代謝産物およびそれらの薬学的に受容可能な塩、FTY720ホスフェート生物学的同配体(bioisostere)、FTY720P、R−AAL、ならびにR−AFDからなる群より選択され、該組成物は、該被験体における神経組織の中の細胞と接触させるのに適している、組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物であって、前記神経発生は、神経幹細胞または神経前駆細胞の増殖、分化、移動、または生存である、組成物。
- 請求項2に記載の組成物であって、前記神経幹細胞または前記神経前駆細胞は、非胚性細胞である、組成物。
- 神経幹細胞の増殖を増大させるための組成物であって、該組成物は、該細胞の増殖を増大させるために十分な量のFTY720またはその誘導体を含み、該誘導体はFTY720のリン酸エステル代謝産物およびそれらの薬学的に受容可能な塩、FTY720ホスフェート生物学的同配体(bioisostere)、FTY720P、R−AAL、ならびにR−AFDからなる群より選択され、該組成物は、該細胞と接触させるのに適している、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記細胞は、非胚性細胞である、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記誘導体は、FTY720Pである、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、0.001nM〜0.05nMの濃度を得るように前記細胞に加えられるのに適している、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、0.02nM〜0.04nMの濃度を得るように前記細胞に加えられるのに適している、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記細胞は、哺乳動物の細胞である、組成物。
- 請求項9に記載の組成物であって、前記細胞は、ヒトの細胞である、組成物。
- 請求項10に記載の組成物であって、前記細胞は、成人の細胞である、組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の組成物であって、前記細胞と接触するのに適した1つ以上の増殖因子をさらに含む、組成物。
- 被験体において神経系障害の症状を緩和するための組成物であって、該組成物は、該症状を緩和させるために十分な量の、投与に適したFTY720またはその誘導体を含み、該誘導体はFTY720のリン酸エステル代謝産物およびそれらの薬学的に受容可能な塩、FTY720ホスフェート生物学的同配体(bioisostere)、FTY720P、R−AAL、ならびにR−AFDからなる群より選択される、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記誘導体は、FTY720Pである、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記神経系障害は、神経変性障害、神経幹細胞障害、神経前駆体障害、虚血性障害、神経の外傷および損傷、情動障害、神経心理学的障害、網膜の変性疾患、網膜の損傷および外傷、ならびに学習障害および記憶障害からなる群より選択される、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記神経系障害は、パーキンソン病、振せん麻痺障害、ハンティングトン病、アルツハイマー病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、脊髄虚血、虚血性脳卒中、脊髄損傷、癌関連脳損傷、および癌関連脊髄損傷、シャイ−ドレーガー症候群、進行性核上麻痺、レヴィー小体病、脳卒中、大脳梗塞、多発梗塞性痴呆、および老人性痴呆からなる群より選択される、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、1ng/kg/日〜1mg/kg/日の濃度での投与に適している、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、1μg/kg/日〜0.1mg/kg/日の濃度での投与に適している、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、5μg/kg〜約0.07mg/kgの濃度での投与に適している、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、0.3mg〜10mgの量での投与に適している、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記被験体は、哺乳動物である、組成物。
- 請求項21に記載の組成物であって、前記被験体は、ヒトである、組成物。
- 請求項22に記載の組成物であって、前記被験体は、成人である、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記被験体への投与に適した1つ以上の増殖因子をさらに含む、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、前記被験体への投与に適した、抗うつ薬、抗不安処置の薬剤、抗精神病処置の薬剤、てんかん処置の薬剤、アルツハイマー処置の薬剤、パーキンソン処置の薬剤、MAOインヒビター、セロトニン取込み遮断薬、ノルアドレナリン取込み遮断薬、ドパミン取込み遮断薬、ドパミンアゴニスト、L−ドパ、精神安定薬、鎮静薬、およびリチウムからなる群より選択される1種以上の薬剤をさらに含む、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、該組成物は、全身投与に適している、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、該組成物は、経口経路、皮下経路、腹腔内経路、筋内経路、脳室内経路、クモ膜下腔内経路、頭蓋内経路、口腔経路、粘膜経路、経鼻経路、および直腸経路からなる群より選択される経路による投与に適している、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、該組成物は、経鼻噴霧剤または鼻用坐剤としての処方に適している、組成物。
- 請求項28に記載の組成物であって、該組成物は、乾燥散剤吸入器または水溶液ベースの吸入器による投与に適している、組成物。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物であって、該組成物は、前記被験体の中枢神経系への投与に適している、組成物。
- インビトロにおいて非胚性神経幹細胞の増殖を増大させるための方法であって、該方法は、該細胞と、該細胞の増殖を増大させるために十分な量のFTY720またはその誘導体を含む組成物とを接触させる工程を包含し、該誘導体はFTY720のリン酸エステル代謝産物およびそれらの薬学的に受容可能な塩、FTY720ホスフェート生物学的同配体(bioisostere)、FTY720P、R−AAL、ならびにR−AFDからなる群より選択される、方法。
- 請求項31に記載の方法であって、前記誘導体は、FTY720Pである、方法。
- 請求項31に記載の方法であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、0.001nM〜0.05nMの濃度で前記細胞に加えられる、方法。
- 請求項31に記載の方法であって、前記FTY720または前記誘導体は、0.02nM〜0.04nMの濃度で前記細胞に加えられる、方法。
- 請求項31に記載の方法であって、前記細胞は、哺乳動物の細胞である、方法。
- 請求項35に記載の方法であって、前記細胞は、ヒトの細胞である、方法。
- 請求項36に記載の方法であって、前記細胞は、成人の細胞である、方法。
- 請求項31に記載の方法であって、前記細胞はさらに、1つ以上の増殖因子と接触させられる、方法。
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KR20080103117A (ko) * | 2002-09-24 | 2008-11-26 | 노파르티스 아게 | 탈수초성 장애의 치료에 있어서의 스핑고신-1-포스페이트 수용체 아고니스트 |
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2004
- 2004-09-10 JP JP2006525926A patent/JP4861177B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-10 CA CA2539033A patent/CA2539033C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-10 EP EP04787557.0A patent/EP1663188B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-10 WO PCT/IB2004/003288 patent/WO2005025553A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-10 AU AU2004271804A patent/AU2004271804B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-09-10 US US10/938,491 patent/US20050090520A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
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JP2007505098A (ja) | 2007-03-08 |
JP2011126918A (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
AU2004271804B2 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
WO2005025553A2 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
CA2539033A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
CA2539033C (en) | 2013-03-05 |
WO2005025553A3 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
EP1663188B1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
US20050090520A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
AU2004271804A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
EP1663188A2 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
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