JP4814574B2 - DC motor and DC vibration motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a direct current motor suitable as a drive source for various small devices and a vibration motor using the direct current motor, and more particularly to a motor driven on a completely new principle that can be applied as a brushless motor.

Conventionally, a vibration type micromotor (vibration motor) has been used as a silent ringing vibration generator built in a mobile phone. In addition to such vibration motors, micro motors are used for various state-of-the-art devices such as medical devices (for example, lens driving mechanism for endoscope tip and driving mechanism for intrauterine diagnosis and treatment apparatus). It is used as a driving source, and its field of use is expected to expand further in the future.
Conventionally, brush motors have been mainly used as vibration motors and general-purpose micromotors. However, a motor with a brush has an advantage that it can be manufactured at a low cost. On the other hand, there is a drawback in that the life of the brush sliding contact is short because the wear (mechanical wear, electric corrosion wear) of the brush is severe. Further, although a flat type vibration motor directed to miniaturization of the motor is known (for example, Patent Document 1), since this flat type vibration motor has a high peripheral speed of the sliding contact point of the brush, sliding Contact wear is particularly severe.

On the other hand, a motor without a sliding contact such as a brushless motor or a stepping motor has a long life, but there is a problem particularly in terms of manufacturing cost. That is, the conventional brushless motor requires a complicated driver circuit for controlling the magnetic poles and the rotation mode, and therefore the manufacturing cost is very high compared to a motor with a brush. In addition, since the stepping motor has a complicated magnet and stator structure, it also has a problem that it is very expensive to manufacture and is difficult to reduce in size.
In response to such a problem, a brushless motor that is started by pulse driving without using a complicated driver circuit has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 2).
JP-A-6-205565 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-174414

However, the brushless motor as shown in Patent Document 2 requires a special and complicated structure of rotor and stator, and thus has the disadvantages of high manufacturing costs and difficulty in miniaturization.
Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and does not require a complicated control circuit, etc., and can be manufactured at a low cost with a simple structure, and has a long life and a small size. The object is to provide a DC motor and a DC vibration motor that can be made thinner and thinner.

  The present inventors have intensively studied the structure of a brushless motor that can be smoothly driven by a simple control circuit without making the rotor or stator as complicated as in Patent Document 2, and as a result, A plurality of adjacent electromagnets are provided by adjusting the coil wire diameter and the number of turns to a plurality of electromagnets (armature coils, etc.) that are spaced around the magnet rotor so as to form a magnetic pole on the stator side. The idea was to give the magnet rotor a torque in one direction by applying a magnetic field gradient between them. Then, as a result of the examination based on such an idea, a plurality of magnetic poles (magnetic poles constituted by electromagnets) arranged at intervals around the magnet rotor are divided into two magnetic pole groups. The magnetic field strength of each of the magnetic poles is increased in order for each magnetic pole in the rotor rotation direction so that the gradient of the magnetic field is generated, and the two magnetic pole groups are excited to different polarities and the polarities are set appropriately. It was found that the magnet rotor rotates very smoothly in one direction by repeatedly reversing. The motor of such a driving principle is not only a motor (brushless motor) of a type in which the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes a plurality of magnetic poles configured by an electromagnet as described above, and the stator includes a permanent magnet. It can also be realized as a motor (brush motor) having a plurality of magnetic poles in which the rotor is composed of electromagnets.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above knowledge. The polarity of two magnetic pole groups composed of electromagnets can be obtained without using a complicated control circuit or a rotor / stator having a complicated structure as in the prior art. This is a completely new type of direct current motor that is smoothly driven by a very simple control means that can be repeatedly reversed.
That is, the DC motor and DC vibration motor of the present invention have the following characteristics.

[1] A magnetic pole comprising a permanent magnet on one of a rotor and a stator and an electromagnet on the other, wherein a plurality of magnetic poles for applying torque to the rotor by interaction with the permanent magnet are arranged on a rotor rotating shaft Prepare at intervals in the circumferential direction around the center,
The plurality of magnetic poles are composed of 2n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) magnetic pole groups G each having a plurality of magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis and excited to the same polarity. The magnetic pole groups G adjacent in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis (however, when there are two magnetic pole groups G, the two magnetic pole groups G) are configured such that the magnetic poles are excited to different polarities. And
The magnetic field strength of a plurality of magnetic poles included in each magnetic pole group G is increased sequentially for each magnetic pole in the rotor rotation direction or counter-rotor rotation direction in accordance with the following conditions (a) and (b): DC motor to be used.
(A) Rotor rotation direction when the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes a magnetic pole composed of an electromagnet (b) Anti-rotor rotation when the stator includes a permanent magnet and the rotor includes a magnetic pole composed of an electromagnet direction

[2] The DC motor according to [1], wherein the rotor includes a permanent magnet, and the stator includes a plurality of magnetic poles configured by electromagnets.
[3] The DC motor according to [1], wherein the stator includes a permanent magnet, and the rotor includes a plurality of magnetic poles configured by electromagnets.
[4] The DC motor according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the electromagnet constituting the magnetic pole is an armature coil.
[5] The DC motor according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the electromagnet constituting the magnetic pole is an electromagnet having a claw pole.
[6] The DC motor of any one of [1] to [5] described above has two magnetic pole groups G, and the two magnetic pole groups G have 2 to 4 and the same number of magnetic poles. DC motor features.

[7] The DC vibration motor according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the rotor includes an eccentric weight or has an eccentric structure.
[8] In the DC vibration motor according to [7], the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes an inner rotor type DC motor including a plurality of magnetic poles configured by armature coils,
A fixed shaft arranged along the axis in a flat case constituting the stator, a flat rotor rotatably supported by the fixed shaft in the case, and one surface of the rotor And a plurality of armature coils fixed to the inside of the case in a state of facing each other.

[9] In the DC vibration motor according to [7], the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes an inner rotor type DC motor including a plurality of magnetic poles configured by armature coils,
A fixed shaft disposed along the axis in a flat case constituting the stator, a flat rotor rotatably supported by the fixed shaft in the case, and an outer peripheral surface of the rotor; A DC vibration motor comprising: a plurality of armature coils fixed to the inside of the case in a face-to-face state.

[10] In the DC vibration motor of the above [8] or [9], the rotor is connected to a disc-shaped rotor body provided with permanent magnets so as to overlap with the rotor body with a part of the disk surface. A DC vibration motor characterized by having an eccentric weight.
[11] In the DC vibration motor of the above [8] or [9], the rotor is configured in a disc shape, has a permanent magnet in one semicircular region of the disc, and an eccentric weight in the other semicircular region. A direct current vibration motor characterized by comprising:
[12] The DC vibration motor according to the above [8] or [9], wherein a main part of the rotor is made of a permanent magnet having an eccentric structure.

Since the direct current motor and direct current vibration motor of the present invention are driven only by reversing the polarities of the two magnetic pole groups G in a timely manner, a complicated control circuit is not required at all, and the motor structure itself has a coil wire diameter. Since it is only necessary to arrange a plurality of magnetic poles whose strength of the magnetic field is adjusted by changing the number of turns and the like, it can be manufactured at a very low cost.
In addition, a brushless motor can be obtained by providing a structure in which the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes a plurality of magnetic poles configured by electromagnets. In addition to being brushless, such a motor is as described above. Because of its simple structure, it has a long life and can be easily reduced in size and thickness, and a size of 3 mm or less, which has been difficult with conventional brushless motors and brushless vibration motors, can be easily realized.

A direct current motor according to the present invention is a magnetic pole comprising a permanent magnet on one of a rotor and a stator and an electromagnet on the other, and a plurality of magnetic poles for applying torque to the rotor by interaction with the permanent magnet At intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis. The plurality of magnetic poles are composed of 2n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) magnetic pole groups G each having a plurality of magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis and excited to the same polarity. The magnetic pole groups G adjacent in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis (however, when there are two magnetic pole groups G, the two magnetic pole groups G) are configured such that the magnetic poles are excited to different polarities. Is done. The magnetic field strengths of the plurality of magnetic poles included in each magnetic pole group G are sequentially increased for each magnetic pole in the rotor rotation direction or the counter-rotor rotation direction in accordance with the following conditions (a) and (b). Composed.
(A) Rotor rotation direction when the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes a magnetic pole composed of an electromagnet (b) Anti-rotor rotation when the stator includes a permanent magnet and the rotor includes a magnetic pole composed of an electromagnet direction

In such a DC motor of the present invention, (i) the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes a plurality of magnetic poles composed of electromagnets, (ii) the stator includes a permanent magnet, and the rotor includes electromagnets. However, the type (i) is a brushless motor, and the type (ii) is a brushed motor. In addition, both types (i) and (ii) may be motors of an inner rotor type or an outer rotor type.
Moreover, as an electromagnet which comprises a magnetic pole, although an armature coil is common, you may use the electromagnet provided with the claw pole.

FIG. 1 schematically shows (in principle) one embodiment of the inner rotor type brushless motor of the type (i) among the DC motors of the present invention, wherein 1 is a rotor having permanent magnets, Reference numeral 3 denotes a stator (motor cover). The stator 3 is a magnetic pole composed of an armature coil (electromagnet), and a plurality of magnetic poles 2 (which apply torque to the rotor 1 by interaction with the permanent magnet). 2a _{1 to} 2a ₃ and 2b _{1 to} 2b ₃ ) are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis.

The rotor 1 is a so-called magnet rotor. In the present embodiment, the rotor 1 is disk-shaped and substantially entirely made of a permanent magnet. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be of any shape. In the present embodiment, two substantially semicircular permanent magnets 5 are connected to form a disk-shaped rotor body, and the permanent magnets 5 have the same two magnetic poles 4A (S poles) as the number of magnetic pole groups G to be described later. 4B (N pole) is configured.
In the direct current motor of the present invention, at least one magnetic pole is constituted by the permanent magnet 5, and it is only necessary to apply torque to the rotor 1 by interaction with the magnetic pole 2 constituted by the electromagnet. Therefore, the magnetic pole 4A (S Any one of poles) and 4B (N poles) may be provided.

A plurality of magnetic poles 2 constituted by the armature coils are arranged on the stator 3 side at intervals in the circumferential direction so as to surround the rotor 1. The plurality of magnetic poles 2 are composed of a magnetic pole group G ₁ composed of _three magnetic poles 2 a _{1 to} 2 a 3 adjacent in the circumferential direction and a magnetic pole group G ₂ composed of _three magnetic poles 2 b ₁ to ₂ b ₃ . In each of these pole groups _G 1, _{G 2,} all poles constituting the respective (i.e., magnetic pole _2a 1 to 2A region ₃ for pole group _{G 1,} the magnetic pole _2b 1 _{~2b 3} for pole group _{G 2)} are the same The magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ (= the adjacent magnetic pole groups in the circumferential direction) are configured to be excited with different polarities. That is, when the magnetic pole _2a 1 to 2A region ₃ pole group _{G 1} is excited to N pole, the magnetic pole _2b 1 _{~2b 3} pole _{G 2} is excited to the S pole, conversely, the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole group _{G 1} When 2a _{1 to} 2a ₃ are excited to the S pole, the magnetic poles 2b _{1 to} 2b ₃ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the N pole. The coil connection of the armature coil constituting the magnetic pole is selected so that the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are excited under the above conditions.

The strength of the magnetic field of a plurality of magnetic poles _{2a 1 ~2a 3, 2b 1 ~2b} 3 each pole group _G 1, _{G 2} comprises the toward the rotor rotation direction indicated by an arrow in the drawing (in the figure, the counterclockwise direction) The magnetic poles are set to increase sequentially for each magnetic pole. That is, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic poles in the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ is magnetic pole 2a ₁ <magnetic pole 2a ₂ <magnetic pole 2a ₃ , magnetic pole 2b ₁ <magnetic pole 2b ₂ <magnetic pole 2b ₃ , Then, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic pole is shown as large = H: L, medium = H: M, and small = H: S.
Here, the magnetic field strength (magnetic flux) of the armature coil (electromagnet) constituting the magnetic pole 2 can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting one or more of the coil wire diameter, the number of turns, the presence / absence or size of the yoke, and the like. Can be set.

In the DC motor of the present invention, each magnetic pole group G may be composed of two or more magnetic poles 2 (electromagnets), and the number thereof is arbitrary.
FIG. 2 shows a DC motor (with the same type of (i) as in FIG. 1) in which the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ each have two magnetic poles (magnetic poles 2a ₁ and 2a ₂ and magnetic poles 2b ₁ and 2b ₂ ). 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a rotor type motor. Also in this embodiment, as in FIG. 1, in each magnetic pole group G ₁ , G ₂ , all the magnetic poles constituting each of them (that is, for the magnetic pole group G ₁ , the magnetic poles 2 a ₁ , 2 a ₂ , and the magnetic pole group G ₂ Are configured such that the magnetic poles 2b ₁ and 2b ₂ ) are excited with the same polarity, and the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are configured such that the magnetic poles are excited with different polarities. That is, when the magnetic pole _2a 1 of the pole group _{G 1,} 2a ₂ is excited to the N pole, the magnetic pole _2b 1, 2b ₂ of the pole group _{G 2} is excited to the S pole, conversely, the magnetic pole group _{G 1} When the magnetic poles 2a ₁ and 2a ₂ are excited to the S pole, the magnetic poles 2b ₁ and 2b ₂ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the N pole. The magnetic field strength of the magnetic poles in each of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ is set so as to increase sequentially for each magnetic pole in the rotor rotation direction (counterclockwise direction in the figure) indicated by the arrow in the figure. The magnetic field strength is magnetic pole 2a ₁ <magnetic pole 2a ₂ and magnetic pole 2b ₁ <magnetic pole 2b ₂ . In FIG. 2, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic poles is indicated by large = H: L and small = H: S.
Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.

In the DC motor of the present invention, the number of magnetic pole groups G can be 2n (where n is an integer of 1 or more). FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of a direct current motor (in the same manner as in FIG. 1, the inner rotor type motor of the type (i)) having _four magnetic pole groups G _{1 to} G ₄ . pole group _G 1 ~G ₄ is composed of each of the three pole _{2a 1 ~2a 3, 2b 1 ~2b} 3, 2c 1 ~2c 3, 2d 1 ~2d 3. Also in this embodiment, as in FIG. 1, in each of the magnetic pole groups G _{1 to} G ₄ , all the magnetic poles constituting each of them (that is, the magnetic pole groups G ₁ are the magnetic poles 2 a _{1 to} 2 a ₃ and the magnetic pole group G ₂ are the same) Are magnetic poles 2b _{1 to} 2b ₃ , magnetic pole group G ₃ are magnetic poles 2c _{1 to} 2c ₃ , magnetic pole group G ₄ are magnetic poles 2d _{1 to} 2d ₃ ) that are excited to the same polarity, and circumferential direction The adjacent magnetic pole groups G are configured so that the magnetic poles are excited to have different polarities. That is, pole group _G 1, _{G 3} and pole group _G 2, _{G 4} is energized in different polarities, the magnetic poles _2a 1 _{to 2A region} 3 of pole group _{G 1, G 3, 2c 1} ~2c 3 is excited to N pole If that is, the magnetic pole _2b 1 _~2b 3 pole group _{G 2, G 4, 2d 1} ~2d 3 is excited to S pole, conversely, pole group _G 1, _{G 3} pole _2a 1 _{to 2A region} 3, 2c ₁ ~2c ₃ is when it is excited to S pole, the magnetic pole _{2b 1 ~2b 3, 2d 1 ~2d} 3 pole group _G 2, _{G 4} is excited to N pole.

Also, the intensity of the magnetic field of a plurality of magnetic poles _{2a 1 ~2a 3, 2b 1 ~2b} 3, 2c 1 ~2c 3, 2d 1 ~2d 3 each pole group _G 1 ~G ₄ is provided, rotor indicated by the arrow The magnetic field strength is set so as to increase sequentially for each magnetic pole in the rotation direction (counterclockwise direction in the figure), and the magnetic field strengths are magnetic pole 2a ₁ <magnetic pole 2a ₂ <magnetic pole 2a ₃ , magnetic pole 2b ₁ <magnetic pole. 2b ₂ <magnetic pole 2b ₃ , magnetic pole 2c ₁ <magnetic pole 2c ₂ <magnetic pole 2c ₃ , magnetic pole 2d ₁ <magnetic pole 2d ₂ <magnetic pole 2d ₃ . In FIG. 3, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic poles is shown as large = H: L, medium = H: M, and small = H: S.
The rotor 1 of the embodiment of FIG. 3 is also a so-called magnet rotor, and a disk-shaped rotor main body is configured by connecting four substantially quarter-circular permanent magnets 5, and the number of magnetic pole groups G is determined by these permanent magnets 5. The same four magnetic poles 4A (S pole), 4B (N pole), 4C (S pole), 4D (N pole) are configured. In this embodiment, any one or only two of the magnetic poles 4A to 4D may be provided.

As described above, in the DC motor of the present invention, the number of magnetic pole groups G can be any number of 2n (where n is an integer of 1 or more), and the number of magnetic poles included in the magnetic pole group G is two. The number of magnetic poles can be any number as described above. From the viewpoints of simplification of the motor structure, ease of manufacture / manufacturing cost, smooth driveability of the motor, and the like, a particularly rational structure includes two magnetic pole groups. A structure having G ₁ and G ₂ and _two to four magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ and the same number of magnetic poles 2 (electromagnets) is preferable.
Here, in the direct current motor of the present invention, the number of magnetic poles constituting the magnetic pole group G is not prevented from being different for each magnetic pole group, and the plurality of magnetic poles 2 are not necessarily arranged at equal intervals. From the viewpoint of ensuring smooth driving, it is preferable that each magnetic pole group G includes the same number of magnetic poles 2 as described above, and the plurality of magnetic poles 2 are arranged at equal intervals.

In the direct current motor of the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the form of the permanent magnet 5 and the magnetic pole 4 constituted by the permanent magnet 5. 4A to 4F show the permanent magnet 5 applied to the rotor of the DC motor of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 having _two magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ and the magnetic pole 4 constituted by the permanent magnet 5. Examples are shown (the shaded area in each figure indicates the permanent magnet 5), and any of these may be used.
The number of the magnetic poles 4 with respect to the number of the magnetic pole groups G is also arbitrary. Basically, at least one magnetic pole 4 (N pole or S pole) may be used. Therefore, it is preferable that the number of magnetic pole groups G and the number of magnetic poles 4 is the same. That is, when two magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are provided, two magnetic poles 4 of N pole and S pole are provided as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and four magnetic pole groups G _{1 to} G ₄ are provided. 3, it is preferable to provide four magnetic poles 4 by alternately arranging N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 3.

  In the embodiment schematically shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 are arranged so as to surround the rotor itself, but the plurality of magnetic poles 2 can form a magnetic pole that gives torque to the rotor 1. The plurality of magnetic poles may be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis. Therefore, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 may be arranged so as to surround the rotation axis of the rotor 1, and in this case, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 (armature coils) face one face of the rotor 1. Will be placed in a state.

FIG. 5 schematically shows (in principle) one embodiment of the outer rotor type brushless motor of the type (i) described above in the DC motor of the present invention. 1x includes a permanent magnet. A rotor (motor cover) 3x is a stator disposed inside the rotor 1x. The stator 3x is a magnetic pole constituted by an armature coil (electromagnet), and a plurality of magnetic poles 2 (2e, 2f) for applying torque to the rotor by interaction with the permanent magnet are arranged around the rotor rotation axis. It is provided at intervals in the circumferential direction.
A permanent magnet 5 having a predetermined length in the circumferential direction is fixed inside the rotor 1x, and one magnetic pole 4 (N pole in this embodiment) is configured.

The magnetic poles 2 (2e, 2f) constituted by the armature coils are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator (the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis). As in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 include a magnetic pole group G ₁ composed of _three magnetic poles 2 e _{1 to} 2 e 3 adjacent in the circumferential direction, and a magnetic pole group composed of _three magnetic poles 2 f _{1 to} 2 f _3. It is composed of G _2. In each of these pole groups _G 1, _{G 2,} all poles constituting the respective (i.e., magnetic pole _2e 1 _{~2e 3} for pole group _{G 1,} pole _2f 1 _{~2f 3} for pole group _{G 2)} are the same The magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ (= the adjacent magnetic pole groups in the circumferential direction) are configured to be excited with different polarities. That is, when the magnetic poles 2e _{1 to} 2e ₃ of the magnetic pole group G ₁ are excited to the N pole, the magnetic poles 2f _{1 to} 2f ₃ of the magnetic pole G ₂ are excited to the S pole, and conversely, the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole group G ₁ When 2e _{1 to} 2e ₃ are excited to the S pole, the magnetic poles 2f _{1 to} 2f ₃ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the N pole. The coil connection of the armature coil constituting the magnetic pole is selected so that the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are excited under the above conditions.

The strength of the magnetic field of a plurality of magnetic poles _{2e 1 ~2e 3, 2f 1 ~2f} 3 each pole group _G 1, _{G 2} comprises the toward the rotor rotation direction indicated by an arrow in the drawing (in the figure, the counterclockwise direction) The magnetic poles are set to increase sequentially for each magnetic pole. That is, the magnetic field strengths of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are: magnetic pole 2e ₁ <magnetic pole 2e ₂ <magnetic pole 2e ₃ , magnetic pole 2f ₁ <magnetic pole 2f ₂ <magnetic pole 2f ₃ , Then, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic pole is shown as large = H: L, medium = H: M, and small = H: S.

Next, a DC motor of the type (ii) described above, that is, a DC motor of a type in which the stator includes a permanent magnet and the rotor includes a plurality of magnetic poles composed of electromagnets will be described.
FIG. 6 schematically shows an embodiment of the inner rotor type brushed motor of the above type (ii), in which 3y is a stator (motor cover) provided with permanent magnets, and 1y is the inside of the stator 3y. It is a rotor arrange | positioned in. The rotor 1x is a magnetic pole composed of an armature coil (electromagnet), and a plurality of magnetic poles 2 (2g, 2h) that apply torque to the rotor by interaction with the permanent magnet are arranged around the rotor rotation axis. It is provided at intervals in the circumferential direction.
A permanent magnet 5 having a predetermined length in the circumferential direction is fixed inside the stator 3y, and one magnetic pole 4 (N pole in this embodiment) is configured.

The magnetic poles 2 (2g, 2h) constituted by the armature coils are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor (circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis). As in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 include a magnetic pole group G ₁ composed of _three magnetic poles 2 g _{1 to} 2 g 3 adjacent in the circumferential direction and a magnetic pole group composed of three magnetic poles 2 h _{1 to} 2 h _3. It is composed of G _2. In each of these pole groups _G 1, _{G 2,} all poles constituting the respective (i.e., magnetic pole _{2 g} 1 to 2 g ₃ for pole group _{G 1,} pole _2h 1 through 2h ₃ for pole group _{G 2)} are the same The magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ (= the adjacent magnetic pole groups in the circumferential direction) are configured to be excited with different polarities. That is, when the magnetic pole _{2 g} 1 to 2 g ₃ pole group _{G 1} is excited to N pole, the magnetic pole _2h 1 through 2h ₃ pole _{G 2} is excited to the S pole, conversely, the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole group _{G 1} When 2g _{1 to} 2g ₃ are excited to the S pole, the magnetic poles 2h _{1 to} 2h ₃ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the N pole. The coil connection of the armature coil constituting the magnetic pole is selected so that the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are excited under the above conditions.

The magnetic field strengths of the plurality of magnetic poles 2g _{1 to} 2g ₃ and 2h _{1 to} 2h _{3 included} in each of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are magnetic poles toward the anti-rotor rotation direction (the arrow direction is the rotor rotation direction in the figure). It is set so as to increase sequentially every time. That is, the magnetic field strengths of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are magnetic pole 2g ₁ <magnetic pole 2g ₂ <magnetic pole 2g ₃ , magnetic pole 2h ₁ <magnetic pole 2h ₂ <magnetic pole 2h ₃ , Then, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic pole is shown as large = H: L, medium = H: M, and small = H: S.

FIG. 7 schematically shows an embodiment of the outer rotor type brushed motor of the above type (ii), wherein 1z is a rotor (motor cover), and 3z is a permanent element disposed inside the rotor 1z. It is a stator provided with a magnet. The rotor 1z is a magnetic pole composed of an armature coil (electromagnet), and a plurality of magnetic poles 2 (2i, 2j) that apply torque to the rotor by interaction with the permanent magnet are arranged around the rotor rotation axis. It is provided at intervals in the circumferential direction.
In the stator 3z, two substantially semicircular permanent magnets 5 are connected to form a disk-shaped stator body, and the permanent magnets 5 constitute two magnetic poles 4A (S poles) and 4B (N poles). Yes.

The magnetic poles 2 (2i, 2j) constituted by the armature coils are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis. As in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 include a magnetic pole group G ₁ composed of _three magnetic poles 2 i _{1 to} 2 i 3 adjacent in the circumferential direction, and a magnetic pole group composed of _three magnetic poles 2 j _{1 to 2} j _3. It is composed of G _2. In each of these pole groups _G 1, _{G 2,} all poles constituting the respective (i.e., magnetic pole _2i 1 to 2I ₃ for pole group _{G 1,} pole for pole group _{G 2 2j} 1 _{~2j 3)} are the same The magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ (= the adjacent magnetic pole groups in the circumferential direction) are configured to be excited with different polarities. That is, when the magnetic pole _2i 1 to 2I ₃ pole group _{G 1} is excited to N pole, the magnetic pole _2j 1 _{~2j 3} pole _{G 2} is excited to the S pole, conversely, the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole group _{G 1} When 2i _{1 to} 2i ₃ are excited to the S pole, the magnetic poles 2j _{1 to} 2j ₃ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the N pole. The coil connection of the armature coil constituting the magnetic pole is selected so that the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are excited under the above conditions.

The strength of the magnetic field of a plurality of magnetic poles _{2i 1 ~2i 3, 2j 1 ~2j} 3 each pole group _G 1, _{G 2} comprises the (in the drawing, an arrow direction of the rotor rotation direction) counter-rotor rotation direction toward the pole It is set so as to increase sequentially every time. That is, the magnetic field strengths of the magnetic poles in the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are: magnetic pole 2i ₁ <magnetic pole 2i ₂ <magnetic pole 2i ₃ , magnetic pole 2j ₁ <magnetic pole 2j ₂ <magnetic pole 2j ₃ , Then, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic pole is shown as large = H: L, medium = H: M, and small = H: S.

(I) type outer rotor type brushless motor as described above (FIG. 5)
Regarding the inner rotor type brushed motor (FIG. 6) and the outer rotor type brushed motor (FIG. 7) of the type (ii), the following conditions described for the inner rotor type brushless motor shown in FIGS. Is true.
(B) The magnetic field strength (magnetic flux) of the electromagnet constituting the magnetic pole 2 can be arbitrarily set by adjusting one or more of the coil wire diameter, the number of turns, the presence / absence or size of the yoke, and the like. .

(B) The number of magnetic pole groups G can be any number of 2n (where n is an integer of 1 or more). Moreover, each magnetic pole group G should just be comprised by the 2 or more magnetic pole 2 (electromagnet), and the number is also arbitrary. However, as a particularly rational structure, there are two magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ , and these magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ have 2 to 4 and the same number of magnetic poles 2 (electromagnets). A structure is preferred.
(C) The number of magnetic poles constituting the magnetic pole group G is not prevented from being different for each magnetic pole group, and the plurality of magnetic poles 2 are not necessarily arranged at equal intervals. However, from the viewpoint of ensuring smooth driving of the motor, it is preferable that each magnetic pole group G includes the same number of magnetic poles 2 as described above, and the plurality of magnetic poles 2 are arranged at equal intervals.

(D) The permanent magnet 5 and the magnetic pole 4 constituted by the permanent magnet 5 are not limited as long as torque can be applied to the rotor 1 by the interaction with the magnetic pole 2 constituted by an electromagnet, and the configuration thereof is arbitrary. The number of the magnetic poles 4 with respect to the number of the magnetic pole groups G is also arbitrary. Basically, at least one magnetic pole 4 (N pole or S pole) may be used. Therefore, it is preferable that the number of magnetic pole groups G and the number of magnetic poles 4 is the same. That is, in the case of having _two magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ , two magnetic poles 4 of N pole and S pole are provided, and in the case of having _four magnetic pole groups G _{1 to} G ₄ , N in the circumferential direction is provided. It is preferable to provide four magnetic poles 4 by alternately arranging the poles and the S poles.
(E) The plurality of magnetic poles 2 may be arranged so as to form a magnetic pole that gives torque to the rotor 1, and the plurality of magnetic poles 2 may be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis. . Therefore, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 may be disposed so as to surround the rotation axis of the rotor 1. In this case, the plurality of magnetic poles 2 are disposed in a state of facing (opposing) one rotation surface of the rotor 1. It will be.

In the DC motor described above, the electromagnet constituting the magnetic pole is an armature coil, but the electromagnet may have a claw pole structure. A DC motor having such a claw-pole electromagnet is also a brushless motor.
8 to 11 show an embodiment of a DC motor in which the electromagnet constituting the magnetic pole 2 has a claw pole structure. FIG. 8 is an overall perspective view, FIG. 9 is a side view, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the claw pole in a cross-sectional view. In this motor, the stator 3a includes two blocks 16A and 16B each having a plurality of claw poles 17 (inductors). Of these blocks, the block 16A excites the claw poles 17a _{1 to} 17a ₃ (claw pole group), which are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and arranged in a semicylindrical shape (three in this embodiment). Coil 18A, and claw poles 17a _{1 to} 17a ₃ and a base part 19A for holding the coil 18A on one end side thereof (the base end side of the claw pole). The block 16B also has a plurality of (three in this embodiment) claw poles 17b _{1 to} 17b ₃ (claw pole group) arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction, and for exciting these claw poles. The coil 18B is provided with a base part 19B that holds the claw poles 17b _{1 to} 17b ₃ and the coil 18B at one end side thereof (the base end part side of the claw pole). The blocks 16A and 16B constitute the stator 3a in a state where the claw pole groups are combined in a cylindrical shape. Inside this stator 3a, the rotor 1a provided with the same permanent magnet as FIG. 1 is arrange | positioned.

The claw pole _17a 1 _{~17a 3,} the claw pole _17b 1 _{~17b 3,} pole _2a 1 to 2A region ₃ as an electromagnet, which constitute the magnetic pole _2b 1 _{~2b 3,} arranged adjacently in the circumferential direction claw The poles 17a _{1 to} 17a ₃ constitute the magnetic pole group G ₁ , and the claw poles 17b _{1 to} 17b ₃ constitute the magnetic pole group G ₂ .
The claw poles 17a _{1 to} 17a ₃ (magnetic poles 2a _{1 to} 2a ₃ ) and the claw poles 17b _{1 to} 17b ₃ (magnetic poles 2b _{1 to} 2b ₃ ) are directed toward the rotor rotation direction (counterclockwise direction in the figure). The cross-sectional area (= circumferential length) is configured to increase sequentially for each claw pole, that is, the strength of the magnetic field increases sequentially for each magnetic pole. Therefore, the magnetic field strengths of the magnetic poles in the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, magnetic pole 2a ₁ <magnetic pole 2a ₂ <magnetic pole 2a ₃ , magnetic pole 2b ₁ <magnetic pole 2b ₂ <magnetic pole 2b. _In FIG. 10, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic poles is shown as large = H: L, medium = H: M, and small = H: S.

Since the claw poles 17a _{1 to} 17a ₃ and the claw poles 17b _{1 to} 17b ₃ are respectively excited by one coil 18A and 18B, each of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G _{2 includes} all magnetic poles ( that is, the magnetic pole _2a 1 to 2A region ₃ for pole group _{G 1,} the magnetic pole _2b 1 _{~2b 3} for pole group _{G 2)} are excited to the same polarity. Also, the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ (= the magnetic pole groups adjacent in the circumferential direction) are excited to have different polarities by selecting the coil connection of the coils 18A and 18B. That is, when the magnetic pole _2a 1 to 2A region ₃ pole group _{G 1} is excited to N pole, the magnetic pole _2b 1 _{~2b 3} pole _{G 2} is excited to the S pole, conversely, the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole group _{G 1} When 2a _{1 to} 2a ₃ are excited to the S pole, the magnetic poles 2b _{1 to} 2b ₃ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the N pole.

The rotor 1a is a so-called magnet rotor, which is disk-shaped and substantially entirely made of permanent magnets as in the embodiment of FIG. That is, a disk-shaped rotor main body is configured by connecting two substantially semicircular permanent magnets 5, and by this permanent magnet 5, two magnetic poles 4 </ b> A (S poles), 4 </ b> B (N poles) equal to the number of magnetic pole groups G are formed. ) Is configured.
It should be noted that the conditions described as (a) to (e) above also apply to a DC motor in which the electromagnet as described above has a claw pole structure.
Furthermore, it can also be set as an outer rotor type | mold motor which has a rotor provided with the permanent magnet as shown in FIG. 5 on the outer side of the stator 3 provided with the claw pole 17.

As a control circuit (driver circuit) used for the brushless motor of the present invention, the rotor 1 has an angle corresponding to [360 / number of magnetic pole groups G] ° (180 ° in the case of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2). In the case of the third embodiment, it is only necessary to use a switch circuit having a function of reversing the direction of the current flowing through each magnetic pole group G each time it is rotated 90 °. As such a control circuit, for example, a circuit provided in a target device such as a mobile phone may be used. In addition to using such a control circuit, for example, each armature coil is provided with two sets of coils that generate different polarities, and the polarity of the magnetic pole 2 is switched by switching these two sets of coils. A method may be adopted.
In the case of a motor with a brush, the rotor 1 has an angle corresponding to [360 / number of magnetic pole groups G] ° (180 ° in the case of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2; In this case, a brush and a commutator that reverse the direction of the current flowing through each magnetic pole group G each time it rotates 90 °) may be used.

Next, the driving principle of the DC motor of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 12A to 12E, taking the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as an example.
12 In (A), the magnetic pole _2a 1 to 2A region ₃ of pole group _{G 1} (armature coils) of the N-pole, the magnetic pole _2b 1 _{~2b 3} (armature coils) of the pole group _{G 2} is energized each S pole is, the center of the S pole of the rotor 1 (permanent magnet) is, in most fields of the position of strong poles 2a ₃ among magnetic poles excited to N pole, also, the center of the N pole of the rotor 1 (permanent magnet) , most magnetic fields position of strong poles 2b ₃ among magnetic poles S-magnetized, is in a state of being fixed respectively. From this state, as shown in FIG. 12B, the polarities of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are switched (reversed), the magnetic poles 2a _{1 to} 2a ₃ are set to the S pole, and the magnetic poles 2b _{1 to} 2b ₃ are set to the N pole. Are excited between the magnetic pole 2a ₃ (S pole) and the S pole of the rotor 1, and between the magnetic pole 2b ₃ (N pole) and the N pole of the rotor 1, respectively, while the magnetic pole 2b ₁ (N pole). Torque is generated between the rotor 1 and the south pole of the rotor 1, and between the magnetic pole 2 a ₁ (the south pole) and the north pole of the rotor 1. Therefore, the rotor 1 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. To do.

Furthermore, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic poles in each of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ is magnetic pole 2a ₁ <magnetic pole 2a ₂ <magnetic pole 2a ₃ , magnetic pole 2b ₁ <magnetic pole 2b ₂ <magnetic pole 2b ₃ , Since the magnetic field has a gradient, as shown in FIG. 12C, the S pole and N pole of the rotor 1 are sequentially attracted to the magnetic pole side where the magnetic field is stronger (magnetic pole 2b ₁ → magnetic pole 2b _2). → magnetic pole 2b ₃ , magnetic pole 2a ₁ → magnetic pole 2a ₂ → magnetic pole 2a ₃ ), the rotor 1 rotates, and the center of the S pole of the rotor 1 is excited to the N pole as shown in FIG. in most fields of the position of the strong magnetic pole 2b ₃ among the magnetic poles, also, the center of the N pole of the rotor 1 is the most magnetic fields position of strong poles 2a ₃ among magnetic poles S-magnetized, the fixed Is done. At this time, as shown in FIG. 12E, the polarities of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are switched (reversed) again, the magnetic poles 2a _{1 to} 2a ₃ are set to the N pole, and the magnetic poles 2b _{1 to} 2b ₃ are set to S. When each of the poles is excited, a repulsive force is generated between the magnetic pole 2b ₃ (S pole) and the S pole of the rotor 1, and between the magnetic pole 2a ₃ (N pole) and the N pole of the rotor 1, while the magnetic pole 2a ₁ (N pole) ) And the south pole of the rotor 1, and between the magnetic pole 2b ₁ (the south pole) and the north pole of the rotor 1, a torque is continuously applied to the rotor 1 and the rotor 1 continues to rotate.

  As described above, in the DC motor of the present invention, the magnetic field strength of the plurality of magnetic poles 2 provided in each magnetic pole group G is increased toward the rotor rotation direction (or anti-rotor rotation direction) so that the magnetic field gradient is generated. Each time the rotor 1 rotates by a predetermined angle (180 ° in the case of FIG. 12), the polarity of the two magnetic pole groups G alternates between the S pole and the N pole. The rotor 1 continues to rotate only by switching to (reversing). Here, the reversal of the polarity of the magnetic pole group G is performed each time the rotor 1 rotates an angle of [360 / number of magnetic pole groups] °.

  In the description of FIG. 12, it has been described that the N pole and the S pole of the rotor 1 are each given torque by a repulsive force / attraction force between the excited magnetic poles. For example, FIG. In the case of the rotor 1 as shown in (D) (however, the permanent magnets shown in FIGS. 4 (B) to (D) may have the N-pole and S-pole positions reversed), Only one of the N pole and the S pole is given torque by a repulsive force / attraction force between the excited magnetic poles. Even in that case, the rotor 1 rotates without any problem.

Further, with respect to the DC motors shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 to FIG. That is, in the outer rotor type brushless motor shown in FIG. 5, the polarity of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ of the stator 3x is alternately switched (reversed) between the S pole and the N pole every time the rotor 1x rotates 180 °. Accordingly, in the inner rotor type brush motor shown in FIG. 6, the polarity of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ of the rotor 1y is alternately switched between the S pole and the N pole every time the rotor 1y rotates 180 °. In addition, in the outer rotor type brush motor shown in FIG. 7, the polarity of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ of the rotor 1z is changed between the S pole and the N pole every time the rotor 1z rotates 180 °. Further, in the DC motor having the claw pole structure electromagnet shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the stator 3a constituted by the claw pole 17 is switched.
The polarity of each of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ is alternately switched (reversed) between the S pole and the N pole every time the rotor 1a rotates 180 °, thereby driving the same driving principle as that shown in FIG. Then the rotor rotates.

Next, the DC vibration motor of the present invention will be described.
In the embodiment of the DC vibration motor of the present invention, for example, the rotor 1 of each embodiment as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 5 to 7, and 8 to 11 is provided with an eccentric weight (weight). Is. In another embodiment, the rotation center itself of the rotor 1 is eccentric, or the rotor 1 having such an eccentric rotation center is further provided with an eccentric weight (weight). Also good.

13 and 14 show an embodiment of a DC vibration motor (brushless motor) according to the present invention. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.
In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a disk-shaped flat case (motor cover) that constitutes the stator 3, and the case 30 includes a case main body 31 (container portion) and a lid 32.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a fixed shaft that is disposed in the case 30 along the axis thereof, and both ends thereof are fixed to the case 30.

  Reference numeral 1 denotes a flat rotor rotatably supported on the fixed shaft 10 in the case 30. In this embodiment, a disc-shaped rotor body 15 having permanent magnets, It is comprised from the eccentric weight 7 (weight) connected so that it might overlap with a part of the board surface. Specifically, the rotor 1 includes a disk-shaped rotor body 15 including a disk-shaped (or ring-shaped) permanent magnet 5 and a holding body 6 (holding metal) for holding the permanent magnet 5, and the rotor body 15 with respect to the rotor-shaped body 15. A semi-disk-shaped eccentric weight 7 connected and fixed so as to overlap with a semi-circular portion of the disk surface is provided, and is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft 10 via a metal bearing 8 at the center of the rotor body 15. It is supported.

20a ₁ , 20a ₂ , 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ constitute magnetic poles on the stator side (case side) (magnetic poles 2a ₁ , 2a ₂ , 2b ₁ , 2b _{2 in} FIG. ₂ ) to give torque to the rotor 1 These armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ , 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ face one rotational surface of the rotor main body 15 so as to surround the rotational axis (fixed shaft 10) of the rotor 1 (opposite facing). ) Is fixed inside the case 30 (lid 32).

The arrangement of the armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ , 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ of the present embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, and the magnetic poles composed of the armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ (= FIG. 2 magnetic poles 2a ₁ , 2a ₂ ) constitute the magnetic pole group G ₁ , and magnetic poles composed of the armature coils 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ (= magnetic poles 2b ₁ , 2b _{2 in} FIG. ₂ ) constitute the magnetic pole group G _2. is doing. Therefore, in each pole group _G 1, _{G 2,} 2 two armature coils constituting the respective (i.e., the armature coils _20a 1 for pole group _{G 1,} 20a _2, armature coils for pole group _{G 2} 20b ₁ and 20b ₂ ) are configured to be excited with the same polarity, and the armature coils are configured to be excited with different polarities between the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ . That is, when the armature coils 20a ₁ and 20a _{2 of} the magnetic pole group G ₁ are excited to the N pole, the armature coils 20b ₁ and 20b ₂ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the S pole, and conversely, When the armature coils 20a ₁ and 20a _{2 of the} group G ₁ are excited to the south pole, the armature coils 20b ₁ and 20b ₂ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the north pole. Therefore, the coil connection of the armature coils is selected so that the armature coils of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are excited under the above conditions.

The magnetic field strength of the armature coil in each of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ is set so as to increase sequentially for each armature coil in the rotor rotation direction. Child coil 20a ₁ <armature coil 20a ₂ , armature coil 20b ₁ <armature coil 20b ₂ . Such adjustment of the magnetic field strength (magnetic flux) of the armature coil is performed by changing the wire diameter and / or the number of turns of the coil.
In other drawings, 9 is a coil yoke, and 11 is a liner. In order to enhance the vibration effect, a high density alloy is usually used for the eccentric weight 7.

15 and 16 show another embodiment of the DC vibration motor (brushless motor) of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. .
In this embodiment, the rotor 1 is configured in a disk shape, and has a permanent magnet 5 in one semicircular region of the disk and an eccentric weight 7 in the other semicircular region. . Specifically, the rotor 1 includes a semi-disk (or semi-ring) permanent magnet 5, a semi-disk (or semi-ring) eccentric weight 7, and the permanent magnet 5 and the eccentric weight 7. It is comprised from the holding body 6 (holding metal fitting) hold | maintained by combining with a shape (or ring shape), and is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft 10 via the metal bearing 8 of the disk center.

In this embodiment, since the thickness of the eccentric weight 7 in the embodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14 can be reduced, the thickness of the motor can be reduced as compared with the embodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14.
Since other configurations including the structure and arrangement of the armature coils are the same as those in the embodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14, the same reference numerals are given and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

17 and 18 show another embodiment of the DC vibration motor (brushless motor) of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. .
In this embodiment, similarly to the embodiment of FIGS. 15 and 16, the rotor 1 is configured in a disk shape, and the permanent magnet 5 is provided in one semicircular region of the disk, and the other semicircular region is included. The armature coil is fixed to the inside of the case 30 in a state of facing (opposing) the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 1. Specifically, the rotor 1 includes a disk-shaped (or ring-shaped) holding body 12 (holding metal fitting), a semi-ring-shaped permanent magnet 5 fixed to the outside of a semicircular portion of the holding body 12, A semi-ring-shaped eccentric weight 7 fixed to the outside of the other semicircular portion of the holding body 12 is rotatably supported on the fixed shaft 10 via a metal bearing 8 at the center of the holding body 12. Yes.

The armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ , 20b ₁ , and 20b ₂ are fixed inside the case 30 so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 1 so as to surround the rotor itself.
The arrangement of the armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ , 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ of the present embodiment is also the same as that shown in FIG. 2, and the magnetic poles (= figure shown) formed by the armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ 2 magnetic poles 2a ₁ , 2a ₂ ) constitute the magnetic pole group G ₁ , and magnetic poles composed of the armature coils 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ (= magnetic poles 2b ₁ , 2b _{2 in} FIG. ₂ ) constitute the magnetic pole group G _2. is doing. Therefore, in each pole group _G 1, _{G 2,} 2 two armature coils constituting the respective (i.e., the armature coils _20a 1 for pole group _{G 1,} 20a _2, armature coils for pole group _{G 2} 20b ₁ and 20b ₂ ) are configured to be excited with the same polarity, and the armature coils are configured to be excited with different polarities between the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ . That is, when the armature coils 20a ₁ and 20a _{2 of} the magnetic pole group G ₁ are excited to the N pole, the armature coils 20b ₁ and 20b ₂ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the S pole, and conversely, When the armature coils 20a ₁ and 20a _{2 of the} group G ₁ are excited to the south pole, the armature coils 20b ₁ and 20b ₂ of the magnetic pole group G ₂ are excited to the north pole. Therefore, the coil connection of the armature coils is selected so that the armature coils of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ are excited under the above conditions.

The magnetic field strength of the armature coil in each of the magnetic pole groups G ₁ and G ₂ is set so as to increase sequentially for each armature coil in the rotor rotation direction. Child coil 20a ₁ <armature coil 20a ₂ , armature coil 20b ₁ <armature coil 20b ₂ . Such adjustment of the magnetic field strength (magnetic flux) of the armature coil is performed by changing the wire diameter and / or the number of turns of the coil.
In this embodiment, since the thickness of the eccentric weight and the thickness of the armature coil in the embodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14 can be reduced, the thickness of the motor can be made thinner than the embodiment of FIGS. it can.

Other configurations are the same as those in the embodiments of FIGS. 13, 14, 15, and 16, and thus the same reference numerals are given and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
In each of the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 18 described above, the rotor 1 is rotatably supported with respect to the fixed shaft 10 fixed to the case 30. For example, the shaft can be freely rotated on the case 30. And the rotor 1 may be fixed to the shaft. Further, with respect to the structure of the rotor 1, the center of rotation of the rotor 1 may be decentered and further provided with an eccentric weight.

19 to 21 show another embodiment of the DC vibration motor (brushless motor) of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 20 is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'in FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing a permanent magnet.
In this embodiment, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 17 and 18, the armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ , 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ are fixed inside the case 30 so as to surround the rotor itself. 1 includes a disk-shaped (or ring-shaped) holding body 12 (holding metal fitting) and a C-shaped (or half-ring-shaped) permanent magnet 5 fixed to the outer periphery of the holding body 12. That is, in the rotor 1, the permanent magnet 5 also serves as an eccentric weight, and even with a DC vibration motor having such a structure, the same vibration effect as that shown in FIGS. 13 to 17 can be obtained. FIG. 21 (a) is a plan view of the permanent magnet 5, and FIG. 21 (b) is a side view of the permanent magnet 5. The magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 5 are N-pole and S-pole at the C-shaped ends, respectively. With the center line p in FIG. 21A as a boundary, one side is an N pole and the other side is an S pole. The C-shaped permanent magnet 5 also serving as an eccentric weight has an angular distance α from the roll rotation center of 200 to 250 °, more preferably 210 to 240 °, and particularly preferably about 220 to 230 °. This is desirable in terms of drive performance and vibration performance.

FIG. 22 shows another embodiment of a permanent magnet applicable to the DC vibration motor of the present invention including the motor of the embodiment of FIGS. 19 and 20, and FIG. 22 (a) is a plan view. FIG. 22B is a side view. The permanent magnet 5 is formed by connecting the ends of two arc-shaped permanent magnets 50a and 50b having N and S poles in the thickness direction so that the N and S poles are opposite to each other on the front and back surfaces. A C-shaped permanent magnet 5 is configured.
FIGS. 23A and 23B show another embodiment of a permanent magnet (magnet rotor) applicable to the DC vibration motor of the present invention. FIG. 23A shows N poles in the circumferential direction. The eccentric rotor 1 is composed of a semicircular permanent magnet 5 having S poles. FIG. 23B shows an eccentric rotor 1 composed of a semicircular permanent magnet 5 having N and S poles in the radial direction.

Next, an embodiment in which the DC motor of the present invention is used not as a vibration motor but as a general rotational drive source (general-purpose motor) will be described. The DC motor in this case includes a rotatable motor shaft (output shaft), and a rotor is fixed to the motor shaft.
24 and 25 show an embodiment in which the DC motor (brushless motor) of the present invention is used as a general-purpose motor. FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 25 is the AA ′ line in FIG. FIG.
In this embodiment, the motor shaft 13 is disposed along the axis of a disk-shaped flat case 30 and is rotatably supported by the case 30 via metal bearings 14a and 14b.

The rotor 1 includes a disk-shaped (or ring-shaped) holding body 12 (holding metal fitting) and a ring-shaped permanent magnet 5 fixed to the outside of the holding body 12, and the rotor 1 is interposed through the center of the holding body 12. The motor shaft 13 is fixed.
Further, the armature coils 20a ₁ , 20a ₂ , 20b ₁ , 20b ₂ are in a state of facing (opposing) the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 1 so as to surround the entire rotor, as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. The case 30 is fixed inside.
Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, and thus the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof is omitted.
In such a DC motor of the present invention, the rotor 1 and the motor shaft 13 rotate integrally, and the rotation output is taken out from the motor shaft 13.

[Example]
A DC motor having an armature coil arrangement structure as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 (brushless motor of an axial coil arrangement type) and a DC motor having an armature coil arrangement structure as shown in FIGS. Regarding the radial coil arrangement type brushless motor, one having an eccentric weight and one not having an eccentric weight (both having a diameter of 10 mmφ and a thickness of 3.5 mm) were prototyped, and the driving performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

Explanatory drawing which shows typically one Embodiment (brushless motor of an inner rotor type | mold) of DC motor of this invention Explanatory drawing which shows typically other embodiment (inner rotor type brushless motor) of the DC motor of this invention Explanatory drawing which shows typically other embodiment (inner rotor type brushless motor) of the DC motor of this invention Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the form of the permanent magnet provided in the rotor which comprises the DC motor of this invention Explanatory drawing which shows typically other embodiment (outer rotor type brushless motor) of the DC motor of this invention Explanatory drawing which shows typically other embodiment (motor with an inner rotor type brush) of DC motor of the present invention. Explanatory drawing which shows typically other embodiment (motor with a brush of an outer rotor type | mold) of DC motor of this invention Overall perspective view showing another embodiment of the DC motor of the present invention (brushless motor having an electromagnet of a claw pole structure) Side view of the DC motor shown in FIG. Sectional drawing which follows the AA 'line of FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the claw pole of the DC motor shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the drive principle of the DC motor of this invention The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment of the direct-current vibration motor of this invention Sectional drawing which follows the AA 'line of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of the DC vibration motor of this invention Sectional drawing which follows the AA 'line of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of the DC vibration motor of this invention Sectional drawing which follows the AA 'line of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of the DC vibration motor of this invention FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. FIG. 19 partially shows a permanent magnet of the DC vibration motor of FIG. 19, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a side view. The other embodiment of the permanent magnet applicable to the direct-current vibration motor of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view. Explanatory drawing which shows the other embodiment of the permanent magnet (magnet rotor) applicable to the direct-current vibration motor of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows one Embodiment in the case of using the DC motor of this invention as a general purpose type motor Sectional drawing which follows the AA 'line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1,1a, 1x, 1y, 1z rotor _{2a 1,} 2a 2, 2a ₃ pole _{2b 1,} 2b 2, 2b ₃ pole _{2c 1,} 2c 2, 2c ₃ pole _{2d 1,} 2d 2, 2d ₃ pole 3, 3a, 3x, 3y, 3z Stator 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D Magnetic pole 5, 50a, 50b Permanent magnet 6 Holding body 7 Eccentric weight 8 Metal bearing 9 Coil yoke 10 Fixed shaft 11 Liner 12 Holding body 13 Motor shaft 14a, 14b Metal bearing 15 rotor body 16A, 16B block _{17a 1,} 17a 2, 17a ₃ claw pole _{17b 1,} 17b 2, 17b ₃ claw pole 18A, 18B coils 19A, 19B base portion 20a _1, 20a ₂ the armature coils 20b _1, 20b ₂ armature Coil 30 Case 31 Case body 32 Cover body 100 Rotor rotation center G ₁ , G ₂ , G ₃ , G ₄ magnetic pole group

Claims (12)

A magnetic pole composed of a permanent magnet on one of the rotor and the stator and an electromagnet on the other, and a plurality of magnetic poles for applying torque to the rotor by interaction with the permanent magnet around the rotor rotation axis Prepared at intervals in the circumferential direction,
The plurality of magnetic poles are composed of 2n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) magnetic pole groups G each having a plurality of magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis and excited to the same polarity. The magnetic pole groups G adjacent in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation axis (however, when there are two magnetic pole groups G, the two magnetic pole groups G) are configured such that the magnetic poles are excited to different polarities. And
The magnetic field strength of a plurality of magnetic poles included in each magnetic pole group G is increased sequentially for each magnetic pole in the rotor rotation direction or counter-rotor rotation direction in accordance with the following conditions (a) and (b): DC motor to be used.
(A) Rotor rotation direction when the rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes a magnetic pole composed of an electromagnet (b) Anti-rotor rotation when the stator includes a permanent magnet and the rotor includes a magnetic pole composed of an electromagnet direction   The DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor includes a permanent magnet, and the stator includes a plurality of magnetic poles configured by electromagnets.   The DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator includes a permanent magnet, and the rotor includes a plurality of magnetic poles configured by electromagnets.   The DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet constituting the magnetic pole is an armature coil.   4. The DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet constituting the magnetic pole is an electromagnet having a claw pole.   6. The DC motor according to claim 1, comprising two magnetic pole groups G, wherein the two magnetic pole groups G include 2 to 4 and the same number of magnetic poles.   7. The DC vibration motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has an eccentric weight or has an eccentric structure. The rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes an inner rotor type DC motor including a plurality of magnetic poles configured by armature coils,
A fixed shaft arranged along the axis in a flat case constituting the stator, a flat rotor rotatably supported by the fixed shaft in the case, and one surface of the rotor The DC vibration motor according to claim 7, further comprising: a plurality of armature coils fixed to the inside of the case in a state of facing each other. The rotor includes a permanent magnet and the stator includes an inner rotor type DC motor including a plurality of magnetic poles configured by armature coils,
A fixed shaft disposed along the axis in a flat case constituting the stator, a flat rotor rotatably supported by the fixed shaft in the case, and an outer peripheral surface of the rotor; The DC vibration motor according to claim 7, further comprising: a plurality of armature coils fixed to the inside of the case so as to face each other.   The rotor according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the rotor has a disk-shaped rotor body provided with a permanent magnet, and an eccentric weight connected to the rotor body so as to overlap with a part of the disk surface. The described DC vibration motor.   10. The DC vibration according to claim 8, wherein the rotor has a disk shape, has a permanent magnet in one semicircular area of the disk, and has an eccentric weight in the other semicircular area. motor.   10. The DC vibration motor according to claim 8, wherein a main part of the rotor is made of a permanent magnet having an eccentric structure.

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