JP4743385B2

JP4743385B2 - Magnetic encoder and tone wheel

Info

Publication number: JP4743385B2
Application number: JP2005041956A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 正稚冨岡
Original assignee: Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp
Current assignee: Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp
Priority date: 2005-02-18
Filing date: 2005-02-18
Publication date: 2011-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2025-02-18
Also published as: JP2006226874A

Description

本発明は、自動車の車輪懸架装置や、ステアリング部等における回転部の回転速度、回転角、回転方向や原点検出を行うことができる磁気エンコーダ及びこれに用いられるトーンホイールに関する。 The present invention relates to a wheel suspension device of an automobile, a magnetic encoder capable of detecting a rotation speed, a rotation angle, a rotation direction, and an origin of a rotating unit in a steering unit and the like, and a tone wheel used therefor.

自動車用車輪やステアリング部には、その回転速度、回転角更には回転方向を検出（以下、回転検出と言う）する為の磁気エンコーダが装備されることがある。そして、これらの検出値をより確度の高いものとする為、同時に原点検出も行われるようになされている。前者の回転検出は、円周方向に沿ってＳ極、Ｎ極を交互に着磁形成したト−ンホイールを回転側部材に固着し、ト−ンホイールの回転に伴うＳ極、Ｎ極の磁気変化による回転パルスを固定側部材に固定された磁気センサによって検出するよう構成された磁気エンコーダによってなされる。また、後者の原点検出は、トーンホイールの円周方向に１箇所、他の部位とは磁気特性が異なる部位を設け、トーンホイールの１回転毎に１回発せられる信号を原点信号として検出するよう構成された磁気エンコーダによってなされる。 A wheel or a steering unit for an automobile may be equipped with a magnetic encoder for detecting a rotation speed, a rotation angle, and a rotation direction (hereinafter referred to as rotation detection). In order to make these detection values more accurate, the origin detection is also performed at the same time. In the former rotation detection, the ton wheel having the S pole and the N pole alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction is fixed to the rotation side member, and the S pole and the N pole accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel are fixed. This is done by a magnetic encoder configured to detect a rotation pulse due to a magnetic change by a magnetic sensor fixed to a fixed side member. Further, in the latter origin detection, one portion is provided in the circumferential direction of the tone wheel, and a portion having a magnetic characteristic different from that of the other portion is provided, and a signal emitted once every rotation of the tone wheel is detected as an origin signal. This is done by a configured magnetic encoder.

特許文献１及び特許文献２には、上記のような原点検出機能をも備えた磁気エンコーダが開示されている。特許文献１の磁気エンコーダは、互いに同心リング状で且つ互いに繋がっている第１、第２の被検出部を備え、第１の被検出部は周方向に沿ってＳ極、Ｎ極が交互に着磁形成されており、また第２の被検出部は第１の被検出部と厚さが同一でかつ磁極を有する厚肉部分とされ、他の部分がこの厚肉部分よりも薄い薄肉部分とされている。特許文献２には、トーンホイールを、磁性金属板を断面Ｌ字形に折り曲げてなる円筒状の嵌合部と、外向フランジ状の立上がり部とより構成し、立上がり部には周方向に多数の切欠を形成して第１検出部とし、嵌合部には周方向１箇所に切欠を形成して第２検出部とし、両検出部には永久磁石と磁気センサとが組合わさったセンサ組立体が対峙するよう設置された磁気エンコーダも開示されている。
特開２００４−１０１３１２号公報特開平１１−１９４００９号公報 Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose magnetic encoders that also have the above origin detection function. The magnetic encoder of Patent Document 1 includes first and second detected portions that are concentric rings and connected to each other, and the first detected portion has S poles and N poles alternately in the circumferential direction. The second portion to be detected is a thick portion having the same thickness as the first portion to be detected and having a magnetic pole, and the other portion is thinner than the thick portion. It is said that. In Patent Document 2, a tone wheel is composed of a cylindrical fitting portion formed by bending a magnetic metal plate into an L-shaped cross section and a rising portion having an outward flange shape, and the rising portion has a number of notches in the circumferential direction. Is formed as a first detector, a notch is formed at one place in the circumferential direction of the fitting portion as a second detector, and a sensor assembly in which a permanent magnet and a magnetic sensor are combined in both detectors. There is also disclosed a magnetic encoder installed to face.
JP 2004-103112 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-194209

ところで、上記自動車の車輪軸受部やステアリングシャフトの軸受部はスペース的に制約があるため、トーンホイールは、回転側部材に嵌合固着される円筒部と、これに連なる鍔部とにより構成されることが多い。然るに、上記特許文献１のように、第１、第２の被検出部が互いに繋がっており、しかも、第１の被検出部の周方向全域と第２の被検出部の一部が着磁されたものにおいて、円筒部と鍔部の一方を第１の被検出部とし、他方を第２の被検出部とする場合、互いに９０度の関係をなす部位に着磁することになる。このような角度の異なる部位に着磁する場合、夫々個別に着磁する必要がある為、着磁の為の工数が増えると共に、着磁装置が大掛かりとなる。また、特許文献２に開示された上記磁気エンコーダの場合、永久磁石と磁気センサとが組合わさったセンサ組立体は、磁界形成方向が異なるものを２種類準備する必要があり、コスト高になると共に狭いスペース内にこれらを装備することは設計上の難しさを伴うことにもなる。 By the way, since the wheel bearing part of the automobile and the bearing part of the steering shaft are limited in space, the tone wheel is constituted by a cylindrical part fitted and fixed to the rotation side member and a flange part connected to the cylindrical part. There are many cases. However, as in Patent Document 1, the first and second detected parts are connected to each other, and the entire circumferential direction of the first detected part and a part of the second detected part are magnetized. In this case, when one of the cylindrical part and the collar part is used as the first detected part and the other is used as the second detected part, they are magnetized at portions having a 90-degree relationship with each other. When magnetizing parts having different angles, it is necessary to individually magnetize the parts, so that the man-hours for magnetizing increase and the magnetizing apparatus becomes large. Further, in the case of the magnetic encoder disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to prepare two types of sensor assemblies in which a permanent magnet and a magnetic sensor are combined, which have different magnetic field forming directions. Providing these in a small space also entails design difficulties.

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みなされたものであり、狭いスペース内でも、回転検出及び原点検出の両機能を発現し得ると共にコストの高騰を来たさない新規な磁気エンコーダ及びこれに用いるトーンホイールを提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a novel magnetic encoder that can exhibit both rotation detection and origin detection functions even in a narrow space and does not cause an increase in cost, and a tone wheel used therefor The purpose is to provide.

請求項１の発明に係る磁気エンコーダは、軸心周りに回転する回転側部材に同心的に固着された磁性体製円環状トーンホイールと、該トーンホイールに対向するよう固定側部材に固定され、該トーンホイールの回転に伴う磁気変化を検出する検出手段とよりなる磁気エンコーダであって、上記トーンホイールが、複数のＮ極及びＳ極が周方向に沿って交互に繰り返し着磁された第１領域と、該第１領域と同心的で周方向の一部に欠如部分を有する非着磁の第２領域とを備え、前記検出手段が、上記第１領域に対向配置され、トーンホイールの回転に伴うＮ極及びＳ極の磁気変化による回転パルス信号を検出する第１検出部材と、上記第２領域に対向配置され、トーンホイールの回転に伴う上記欠如部分及び非欠如部分の磁気変化による原点信号を検出する第２検出部材とよりなり、上記第１検出部材が、磁気センサからなり、トーンホイールの回転に伴う上記第１領域のＮ極及びＳ極の交互の磁気変化を回転パルス信号として、当該磁気センサをして検出するものであり、一方、上記第２検出部材が、磁気センサと永久磁石とよりなり、トーンホイールの回転に伴う上記第２領域の欠如部分及び非欠如部分に基づく上記永久磁石が発する磁界の変化を原点信号として、当該磁気センサをして検出するものであることを特徴とする。 The magnetic encoder according to the invention of claim 1 is fixed to the fixed-side member so as to face the tone wheel, a magnetic annular ring wheel concentrically fixed to the rotating-side member rotating around the axis. A magnetic encoder comprising detection means for detecting a magnetic change accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel, wherein the tone wheel is a first in which a plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction. And a non-magnetized second region that is concentric with the first region and has a missing portion in a circumferential direction, and the detection means is disposed to face the first region, and rotates the tone wheel. A first detection member for detecting a rotation pulse signal due to the magnetic change of the N pole and the S pole accompanying the rotation, and the origin by the magnetic change of the missing part and the non-missing part which are disposed to face the second region and are accompanied by the rotation of the tone wheel. Trust Becomes more and second detection members for detecting the said first detection member consists of a magnetic sensor, a rotation pulse signal alternating magnetic changes in N and S poles of the first region with the rotation of the tone wheel, On the other hand, the second detection member comprises a magnetic sensor and a permanent magnet, and the second detection member is based on a lacking part and a non-missing part of the second region accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel. an origin signal a change in the magnetic field by the permanent magnets is emitted, characterized in der Rukoto those detected by the magnetic sensor.

そして、請求項２の発明のように、前記第１検出部材が、第１領域の周方向に沿って、前記回転パルス信号の位相が互いにずれた位置になるよう配置された２個の磁気センサからなるものとすることができる。更に、前記トーンホイールは、請求項３の発明のように、前記トーンホイールが、芯金と、該芯金に貼着一体とされた磁性ゴム層または磁性プラスチック層とよりなり、前記欠如部分が当該磁性ゴム層または磁性プラスチック層に形成されているものとすることができる。また、このトーンホイールは、前記回転側部材に嵌合固着される円筒部と、該円筒部に連成された鍔部とよりなり、該円筒部及び鍔部の内の一方が前記第１領域、他方が前記第２領域とされているものとすることもできる。 Then, as in the invention of claim 2, wherein the first detection member, along a circumferential direction of the first region, the two magnetic sensors in which the phase of the rotational pulse signal is arranged to be at a position deviated from each other It can consist of. Further, as in the invention of claim 3 , the tone wheel comprises a cored bar and a magnetic rubber layer or a magnetic plastic layer integrally bonded to the cored bar, and the lacking part is It may be shall be formed on the magnetic rubber layer or the magnetic plastic layer. The tone wheel includes a cylindrical portion fitted and fixed to the rotating side member, and a flange portion coupled to the cylindrical portion, and one of the cylindrical portion and the flange portion is the first region. The other region may be the second region.

請求項５の発明に係るトーンホイールは、軸心周りに回転する回転側部材に同心的に固着されて、固定側部材に固定された磁気変化検出手段とにより磁気エンコーダを構成するトーンホイールであって、複数のＮ極及びＳ極が周方向に沿って交互に繰り返し着磁された第１領域と、該第１領域と同心的で周方向の一部に欠如部分を有する非着磁の第２領域とを備え、回転側部材に固着された状態では、第１領域が、前記検出手段を構成するパルス信号検出用の磁気センサからなる第１検出部材に対向するよう配置され、上記第２領域が、前記検出手段を構成する原点信号検出用の磁気センサと永久磁石とよりなる第２検出部材に対向するよう配置されるものであることを特徴とする。 A tone wheel according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is a tone wheel that is concentrically fixed to a rotating side member that rotates around an axis and that constitutes a magnetic encoder with magnetic change detection means fixed to the fixed side member. A first region in which a plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction, and a non-magnetized second region that is concentric with the first region and has a missing portion in a part in the circumferential direction. Two regions, and in a state of being fixed to the rotation-side member, the first region is disposed to face the first detection member comprising a pulse signal detection magnetic sensor constituting the detection means, and the second The region is arranged so as to face a second detection member comprising a magnetic sensor for detecting an origin signal and a permanent magnet constituting the detection means.

そして、本発明のトーンホイールは、請求項６の発明のように、芯金と、該芯金に貼着一体とされた磁性ゴム層または磁性プラスチック層とよりなり、前記欠如部分が当該磁性ゴム層または磁性プラスチック層に形成されているものであってもよく、また、請求項７の発明のように、前記回転側部材に嵌合固着される円筒部と、該円筒部に連成された鍔部とよりなり、該円筒部及び鍔部の内の一方が前記第１領域、他方が前記第２領域とされているものとすることもできる。 The tone wheel of the present invention comprises a cored bar and a magnetic rubber layer or a magnetic plastic layer that is integrally bonded to the cored bar as in the invention of claim 6 , and the lacking part is the magnetic rubber. may be a shall be formed in the layer or the magnetic plastic layer, also, as in the invention of claim 7, a cylindrical portion which is fixedly fitted on said rotary member, it was made with the cylindrical portion It can also consist of a collar part, and one of the cylindrical part and the collar part can be the first region and the other is the second region.

請求項１の発明に係る磁気エンコーダによれば、複数のＮ極及びＳ極が周方向に沿って交互に繰り返し着磁された第１領域の磁気変化が検出手段により検出され、回転パルス信号が出力されることにより、トーンホイールの回転速度（回転数）及び回転角度が検出される。また、第１領域と同心的で周方向の一部に欠如部分を有する第２領域の磁気変化が検出手段により検出され、原点パルス信号として出力される結果、この原点検出情報により回転速度や回転角度検出情報をより確度の高いものとすることができる。そして、請求項１或いは請求項５の発明に係る磁気エンコーダ或いはトーンホイールによれば、上記トーンホイールが、複数のＮ極及びＳ極が周方向に沿って交互に繰り返し着磁された第１領域と、該第１領域と同心的で周方向の一部に欠如部分を有する非着磁の第２領域とを備えたものであるから、第１領域のみを着磁すればよく、着磁に要する工数を増やすことなく、原点検出機能を備えた磁気エンコーダを構成することができる。特に、スペース等の制約から、トーンホイールが、回転側部材に嵌合固着される円筒部と、該円筒部に連成された鍔部とよりなるものの場合、請求項４或いは請求項７の発明のように、該円筒部及び鍔部の内の一方が前記第１領域、他方が前記第２領域とすることにより、極めてコンパクト且つ簡易に原点検出機能を備えた磁気エンコーダを構成することができる。 According to the magnetic encoder of the first aspect of the present invention, the magnetic change in the first region in which the plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction is detected by the detecting means, and the rotation pulse signal is generated. By outputting, the rotation speed (rotation number) and rotation angle of the tone wheel are detected. Further, the magnetic change in the second region that is concentric with the first region and has a missing portion in the circumferential direction is detected by the detection means and output as the origin pulse signal. The angle detection information can be made more accurate. According to the magnetic encoder or tone wheel of the first or fifth aspect of the present invention, the tone wheel includes a first region in which a plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately and repeatedly magnetized along the circumferential direction. And a non-magnetized second region that is concentric with the first region and has a missing portion in a part in the circumferential direction, it is sufficient to magnetize only the first region. A magnetic encoder having an origin detection function can be configured without increasing the number of man-hours required. In particular, the invention according to claim 4 or claim 7 when the tone wheel is composed of a cylindrical portion fitted and fixed to the rotating side member and a collar portion coupled to the cylindrical portion due to space restrictions. As described above, when one of the cylindrical portion and the collar portion is the first region and the other is the second region, a magnetic encoder having an origin detection function can be configured extremely compactly and easily. .

また、第１検出部材を、回転パルス信号を検出する磁気センサで構成し、第２検出部材を、磁気センサと永久磁石とより構成し、当該磁気センサが第２領域の欠如部分及び非欠如部分に基づく上記永久磁石が発する磁界の変化を原点信号として検出するものとしているから、磁気センサと永久磁石とのセンサ組立体が１個で済み、コストの高騰を来たすことなく、また狭いスペース内でもこれらを組み付けることができる。更に、請求項２の発明のように、前記第１検出部材が、第１領域の周方向に沿って、前記回転パルス信号の位相が互いにずれた位置になるよう配置された２個の磁気センサからなるものとすれば、この位相差に基づくパルス信号の時間的ずれによってその回転方向をも検出判定することができる。加えて、前記トーンホイールを、請求項３或いは請求項６の発明のように、芯金と、該芯金に貼着一体とされた磁性ゴム層または磁性プラスチック層とよりなるものとすれば、金属板とゴム材またはプラスチック材との一体化が容易である上に、磁性ゴムはゴム材に磁性粉末を混練するだけで得られるから、トーンホイールを簡易且つ低コストで調製することができる。 Further , the first detection member is constituted by a magnetic sensor for detecting a rotation pulse signal, the second detection member is constituted by a magnetic sensor and a permanent magnet, and the magnetic sensor is a missing part and a non-missing part of the second region. since it is assumed to detect the origin signal a change in the magnetic field which the permanent magnet is emitted based on, it requires only one is sensor assembly of the magnetic sensor and the permanent magnet, without increasing the cost and limited space You can also assemble them inside. Further, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there are two magnetic sensors in which the first detection member is disposed so that the phases of the rotation pulse signals are shifted from each other along the circumferential direction of the first region. In this case, the rotational direction can also be detected and determined by the time shift of the pulse signal based on this phase difference. In addition, if the tone wheel is composed of a cored bar and a magnetic rubber layer or a magnetic plastic layer integrally bonded to the cored bar as in the invention of claim 3 or claim 6 , The integration of the metal plate and the rubber material or the plastic material is easy, and the magnetic rubber can be obtained simply by kneading the magnetic powder with the rubber material, so that the tone wheel can be prepared easily and at low cost.

以下に本発明の最良の実施の形態について、図面に基づいて説明する。図１は本発明の１実施例の磁気エンコーダが組み込まれた軸受ユニットの例を示す断面図、図２は図１におけるＸ部の拡大図、図３は同磁気エンコーダの斜視図、図４は同磁気エンコーダの正面図、図５は同磁気エンコーダにおける検出手段による波形図であり、（ａ）は同第１検出部材の一方による波形図、（ｂ）は同他方による波形図、（ｃ）は第２検出部材による波形図である。図６乃至図１０は、夫々第２実施例乃至第６実施例の図２と同様図であり、図１１は図１０における部分切欠右側面図である。図１２（ａ）は、第７実施例の図２と同様図であり、図１２（ｂ）（ｃ）はその変形例を示す。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a bearing unit in which a magnetic encoder of one embodiment of the present invention is incorporated, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion X in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the magnetic encoder, and FIG. Fig. 5 is a front view of the magnetic encoder, Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram by the detecting means in the magnetic encoder, (a) is a waveform diagram by one of the first detection members, (b) is a waveform diagram by the other, (c). These are the wave forms by a 2nd detection member. 6 to 10 are views similar to FIG. 2 of the second to sixth embodiments, respectively, and FIG. 11 is a partially cut-away right side view in FIG. FIG. 12A is a view similar to FIG. 2 of the seventh embodiment, and FIGS. 12B and 12C show modifications thereof.

図１は、自動車の車輪をシャフト１に対して転がり軸受ユニット２により支持する構造の一例を示すものであり、内輪（回転側部材）３を構成するハブ輪３ａにボルト３ｂによりタイヤホイール（不図示）が固定される。また、３ｃはハブ輪３ａに形成されたスプライン孔であり、このスプライン孔３ｃには駆動シャフト１がスプライン嵌合され且つハブ輪３ａに一体固定されて、該駆動シャフト１の回転駆動力がハブ輪３ａを介してタイヤホイールに駆動伝達される。３ｄは内輪部材であり、上記ハブ輪３ａと共に内輪３が構成される。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a structure in which a wheel of an automobile is supported by a rolling bearing unit 2 with respect to a shaft 1. A tire wheel (non-rotating wheel) is formed by a bolt 3 b on a hub wheel 3 a constituting an inner ring (rotation side member) 3. (Shown) is fixed. Reference numeral 3c denotes a spline hole formed in the hub wheel 3a. The drive shaft 1 is spline fitted into the spline hole 3c and is integrally fixed to the hub wheel 3a. Drive is transmitted to the tire wheel via the wheel 3a. 3d is an inner ring | wheel member, and the inner ring | wheel 3 is comprised with the said hub ring 3a.

４は外輪（固定側部材）であり、車体の懸架装置（不図示）に取付固定される。この外輪４と上記内輪３（ハブ３ａ及び内輪部材３ｄ）との間に２列の転動体（玉）５…がリテーナ５ａで保持された状態で介装されている。６、７は上記転動体５…の転動部に装填される潤滑剤（グリス等）の漏出を防止し、或いは外部からの泥水等の浸入を防止するためのシール部材であり、外輪４と内輪３との間に圧入される。 Reference numeral 4 denotes an outer ring (fixed side member), which is fixedly attached to a vehicle suspension system (not shown). Two rows of rolling elements (balls) 5 are interposed between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 3 (hub 3a and inner ring member 3d) while being held by a retainer 5a. 6 and 7 are seal members for preventing leakage of lubricant (grease or the like) loaded in the rolling parts of the rolling elements 5... Or preventing intrusion of muddy water from the outside. It is press-fitted between the inner ring 3.

図２は、図１のＸ部の拡大図を示し、車体側のシール部材６は、外輪４の内周に圧入嵌合されるリング状の芯金６ａと、該芯金６ａに固着され、ゴム等の弾性材からなるシールリップ６ｂと、内輪部材３ｄの外周に外嵌固着されるスリンガ（芯金）８とにより、図のように組合せ構成されている。スリンガ８は、内輪部材３ｄの外周に外嵌される円筒部８ａと、この円筒部８ａの一端に連成された外向鍔部８ｂとよりなり、上記シールリップ６ｂは、該外向鍔部８ｂの反車体側面と、上記駆動シャフト１の外周面とに弾性摺接するよう介在される。スリンガ８の車体側面には、ゴム材にフェライト等の磁性粉末を混練してなる磁性ゴム層９が断面Ｌ形に成形貼着一体とされ且つ後記するように着磁され、スリンガ８とこの磁性ゴム層９とによりトーンホイール１０が構成される。トーンホイール１０は、後記する第１領域１０ａと、第２領域１０ｂとを備え、これら両領域１０ａ、１０ｂには、車体（不図示）或いは外輪４に固定された検出手段１１を構成する第１検出部材１２と、第２検出部材１３とが夫々対向配置されている。 FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion X in FIG. 1, and the seal member 6 on the vehicle body side is fixed to the core metal 6a and a ring-shaped metal core 6a that is press-fitted to the inner periphery of the outer ring 4. A seal lip 6b made of an elastic material such as rubber and a slinger (core metal) 8 that is fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the inner ring member 3d are combined as shown in the figure. The slinger 8 includes a cylindrical portion 8a fitted on the outer periphery of the inner ring member 3d and an outward flange portion 8b coupled to one end of the cylindrical portion 8a. The seal lip 6b is formed on the outward flange portion 8b. It is interposed so as to be in elastic sliding contact with the side opposite to the vehicle body and the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 1. A magnetic rubber layer 9 formed by kneading a magnetic powder such as ferrite with a rubber material is molded and bonded integrally with a L-shaped cross section on the side of the vehicle body of the slinger 8 and is magnetized as described later. A tone wheel 10 is constituted by the rubber layer 9. The tone wheel 10 includes a first area 10a and a second area 10b, which will be described later. In both the areas 10a and 10b, a detection means 11 fixed to a vehicle body (not shown) or the outer ring 4 is configured. The detection member 12 and the second detection member 13 are arranged to face each other.

本実施例のトーンホイール１０では、スリンガ８の外向鍔部８ｂに対応する磁性ゴム層９の外向鍔部分が第１領域１０ａとされ、また、同円筒部８ａに対応する磁性ゴム層９の円筒部分が第２領域１０ｂとされている。第１領域１０ａは、着磁領域とされ、その鍔面の周方向全周に亘って多数のＮ極、Ｓ極が交互且つ等間隔で着磁形成されている（図３、図４参照）。一方、第２領域１０ｂは、非着磁領域とされ、その磁性ゴム層９の周面における周方向１箇所に凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃが形成されている。 In the tone wheel 10 of this embodiment, the outward flange portion of the magnetic rubber layer 9 corresponding to the outward flange portion 8b of the slinger 8 is the first region 10a, and the cylinder of the magnetic rubber layer 9 corresponding to the cylindrical portion 8a. The portion is a second region 10b. The first region 10a is a magnetized region, and a number of N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized and formed at equal intervals over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction (see FIGS. 3 and 4). . On the other hand, the second region 10 b is a non-magnetized region, and a recess (absent portion) 10 c is formed at one place in the circumferential direction on the peripheral surface of the magnetic rubber layer 9.

上記芯金６ａ或いはスリンガ８は、ＳＰＣＣ等の冷間圧延鋼板を、図例のような形状に板金加工して形成されたものである。また、シールリップ６ｂ或いは磁性ゴム層９は、ＮＢＲ、Ｈ−ＮＢＲ、ＡＣＭ、ＡＥＭ、ＦＫＭ等から選ばれたいずれかのゴム材を、上記芯金６ａ或いはスリンガ８に接着剤を介し或いは加硫成形により貼着一体とされ、特に、後者のゴム材としては、上記したように、更に、フェライト系、希土類系等の磁性粉末が事前に混練されたものが用いられる。 The core bar 6a or slinger 8 is formed by subjecting a cold rolled steel plate such as SPCC to a shape as shown in the figure. Further, the seal lip 6b or the magnetic rubber layer 9 is formed by vulcanizing any rubber material selected from NBR, H-NBR, ACM, AEM, FKM, etc. with an adhesive on the metal core 6a or slinger 8. In particular, as the latter rubber material, as described above, a material obtained by previously kneading a magnetic powder such as ferrite or rare earth is used.

次に、図３及び図４において、第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂと第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３との配置関係について説明する。第１検出部材１２は、２個の磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂからなり、両磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂは、上記第１領域１０ａにおけるＮ極、Ｓ極の着磁パターン面に対し、Ｎ極及びＳ極を１サイクルとした場合に９０度に相当する位相分ずれた状態で対向配置されている。また、第２検出部材１３は、第２領域１０ｂに対向するよう配置された磁気センサ１３ａと、その背後に一体とされた永久磁石１３ｂとが組合わさってなり、この永久磁石１３ｂのＮ極、Ｓ極の配列方向は第２領域１０ｂの被検出面に垂直な方向とされる。尚、上記位相のずれは９０度に限らず、回転方向の検出が可能な他の位相差で以って両磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂを配置し得ることは言うまでもない。 Next, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, an arrangement relationship between the first region 10 a and the second region 10 b and the first detection member 12 and the second detection member 13 will be described. The first detection member 12 includes two magnetic sensors 12a and 12b. The two magnetic sensors 12a and 12b have N and S poles with respect to the N pole and S pole magnetization pattern surfaces in the first region 10a. Are arranged opposite to each other in a state shifted by a phase corresponding to 90 degrees. Further, the second detection member 13 is a combination of a magnetic sensor 13a disposed so as to face the second region 10b and a permanent magnet 13b integrated behind it, and the N pole of the permanent magnet 13b, The arrangement direction of the S poles is a direction perpendicular to the detection surface of the second region 10b. Needless to say, the phase shift is not limited to 90 degrees, and the two magnetic sensors 12a and 12b can be arranged with other phase differences capable of detecting the rotational direction.

上記第１検出部材１２を構成する磁気センサ１２ａとしては、ホール効果（磁気による抵抗変化）により出力するホールセンサや、ＭＲ素子（半導体）がＮ極、Ｓ極を感じると方形波を出力することを利用したＭＲセンサが採用される。また、第２検出部材１３を構成する磁気センサ１３ａは、鉄心に導線を巻きつけて、永久磁石１３ｂが発する磁界の被検出部（トーンホイール）の凹凸による変化で出力値が変化する現象を利用したものである。この凹凸による変化に代え、被検出部のＮ極、Ｓ極による変化で出力値が変化する現象を利用するものとすることができ、この場合は、このセンサ組立体を第１検出部材１２に適用させることも可能である。更に、上記ホールセンサと永久磁石とを組合わせて、第２検出部材１３とすることも可能である。 The magnetic sensor 12a constituting the first detection member 12 outputs a square wave when a Hall sensor that outputs the Hall effect (resistance change due to magnetism) or an MR element (semiconductor) feels an N pole or an S pole. An MR sensor utilizing the above is employed. Further, the magnetic sensor 13a constituting the second detection member 13 uses a phenomenon in which a lead wire is wound around an iron core, and an output value changes due to a change caused by unevenness of a detected portion (tone wheel) of a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13b. It is a thing. Instead of the change due to the unevenness, the phenomenon that the output value changes due to the change due to the N pole and the S pole of the detected part can be used. In this case, the sensor assembly is attached to the first detection member 12. It is also possible to apply. Furthermore, the Hall sensor and the permanent magnet can be combined to form the second detection member 13.

上記のように構成された磁気エンコーダにおいて、駆動シャフト１の軸回転に伴い、ト−ンホイール１０が駆動シャフト１の軸心回りに回転すると、第１検出部材１２を構成する２個の磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂは、第１領域１０ａにおけるＮ極、Ｓ極による規則的な磁気変化を検出し、図５（ａ）（ｂ）の波形図に示すような回転パルス信号を出力する。従って、このいずれかの単位時間当たりのパルス数を計測することにより、回転数即ち回転速度を算出することができる。また、起動から停止までのパルス数を計測することによりその回転角の算出も行うことができる。この回転角の算出は、ステアリング部の制御情報としても有効である。更に、磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂは、上記のように互いに９０度の位相差を以って配置されているから、その出力パルスは、トーンホイール１０が１方向に回転すると９０度のずれを生じ、反方向に回転すると２７０度のずれを生じることになる。従って、両磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂの出力パルスのずれ角度を検出することにより回転方向の判定も行うことができる。 In the magnetic encoder configured as described above, when the tone wheel 10 rotates around the axis of the drive shaft 1 as the drive shaft 1 rotates, the two magnetic sensors constituting the first detection member 12 12a and 12b detect regular magnetic changes due to the north and south poles in the first region 10a, and output rotation pulse signals as shown in the waveform diagrams of FIGS. Accordingly, by measuring the number of pulses per unit time, the rotation speed, that is, the rotation speed can be calculated. Further, the rotation angle can be calculated by measuring the number of pulses from the start to the stop. This calculation of the rotation angle is also effective as control information for the steering unit. Furthermore, since the magnetic sensors 12a and 12b are arranged with a phase difference of 90 degrees from each other as described above, the output pulses thereof are shifted by 90 degrees when the tone wheel 10 rotates in one direction. When rotated in the opposite direction, a deviation of 270 degrees is generated. Therefore, the direction of rotation can also be determined by detecting the deviation angle of the output pulses of both magnetic sensors 12a and 12b.

第２検出部材１３は、上記のように磁気センサ１３ａと永久磁石１３ｂとが組合わさったものであるので、永久磁石１３ｂが発する磁界は、これに近接するトーンホール１０における第２領域１０ｂの影響を受ける。第２領域１０ｂの磁性ゴム層９及びその背後のスリンガ８は磁性体であり、しかも、その周方向１箇所に凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃが形成されているから、トーンホール１０の回転に伴い、磁気センサ１３ａが対向する第２領域１０ｂにおける凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃ及びそれ以外の部分（非欠如部分）において上記磁界が大きく変化する。磁気センサ１３ａはこの磁気変化を検出して、図５（ｃ）の波形図に示すような原点パルス信号を出力する。この原点パルス信号は、トーンホイール１０の１回転に１回発現されるから、これ自体の発現回数を計数することにより、トーンホイール１０の回転数（回転速度）の算出も可能であるが、この原点パルス信号を基点として、上記磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂによる出力パルス信号を計数することにより、より確度の高い回転数（回転速度）、更には回転角の算出を行うことができる。 Since the second detection member 13 is a combination of the magnetic sensor 13a and the permanent magnet 13b as described above, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 13b is affected by the second region 10b in the tone hole 10 adjacent thereto. Receive. Since the magnetic rubber layer 9 in the second region 10b and the slinger 8 behind the magnetic layer are magnetic, and a concave portion (missing portion) 10c is formed at one place in the circumferential direction, with the rotation of the tone hole 10, The magnetic field greatly changes in the recess (absent part) 10c and the other part (non-absent part) in the second region 10b facing the magnetic sensor 13a. The magnetic sensor 13a detects this magnetic change and outputs an origin pulse signal as shown in the waveform diagram of FIG. Since this origin pulse signal is expressed once per rotation of the tone wheel 10, it is possible to calculate the number of rotations (rotation speed) of the tone wheel 10 by counting the number of occurrences of this origin pulse signal. By counting the output pulse signals from the magnetic sensors 12a and 12b using the origin pulse signal as a base point, it is possible to calculate the rotation speed (rotation speed) and the rotation angle with higher accuracy.

上記のような２種の領域１０ａ、１０ｂ及び検出手段１１の組合せにより、トーンホイール１０がスリンガ８の形状に基づいて円筒部と外向鍔部からなる断面Ｌ形の形状であっても、一方の領域１０ａのみにＮ極、Ｓ極の着磁をすればよく、着磁に要する手間が少なく、また大掛かりな着磁装置を不要とし、簡単に原点検出機能を備えた磁気エンコーダを構成することができる。しかも、トーンホイール１０が、スリンガ（芯金）８と磁性ゴム層９との貼着一体物で構成されるから、加硫成形等により凹部１０ｃの加工も含めて効率的にこれを製することができ、製造コストの低廉化に大きく寄与する。また、凹部１０ｃの形成は、加硫成形後にレーザー加工等により行うこともでき、このようなレーザー加工等によれば、所望箇所に所望形状の凹部１０ｃを任意に形成することができ、しかも、複雑な形状の金型も不要とされる。 Due to the combination of the two types of regions 10a and 10b and the detection means 11 as described above, even if the tone wheel 10 has an L-shaped cross section composed of a cylindrical portion and an outward flange based on the shape of the slinger 8, It is only necessary to magnetize the N pole and the S pole only in the region 10a, and it is possible to construct a magnetic encoder having an origin detection function easily without requiring a large magnetizing apparatus with less labor required for magnetization. it can. Moreover, since the tone wheel 10 is composed of a single piece of the slinger (core metal) 8 and the magnetic rubber layer 9, the tone wheel 10 can be efficiently manufactured including processing of the recess 10 c by vulcanization molding or the like. Can greatly contribute to lower manufacturing costs. Further, the formation of the concave portion 10c can also be performed by laser processing or the like after vulcanization molding, and according to such laser processing or the like, the concave portion 10c having a desired shape can be arbitrarily formed at a desired location, A complicated mold is also unnecessary.

図６は、本発明の磁気エンコーダ及びトーンホイールの第２実施例を示すものであり、上記第１実施例とはトーンホイール１０は同形状であるが、第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂの形成位置が異なる。即ち、本実施例では、トーンホイール１０の円筒状部分が第１領域１０ａ、外向鍔状部分が第２領域１０ｂとされている。従って、図には示さないが、第１領域１０ａの周方向に沿って、Ｎ極及びＳ極が全周に亘って交互且つ等間隔で着磁されており、この第１領域１０ａに上記と同様の第１検出部材１２が対向配置されている。この第１検出部材１２も、上記と同様の位相関係にある２個の磁気センサ１２ａ、１２ｂから構成される。また、第２領域１０ｂは、非着磁領域とされ、その磁性ゴム層９の鍔面における周方向１箇所に凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃが形成されている。そして、この第２領域１０ｂには、上記同様、この第２領域１０ｂに対向する磁気センサ１３ａと、その背後に一体とされた永久磁石１３ｂとが組合わさってなる第２検出部材１３が対向配置されている。この永久磁石１３ｂのＮ極、Ｓ極の配列方向は第２領域１０ｂの被検出面（鍔面）に垂直な方向とされる。 FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the magnetic encoder and tone wheel of the present invention. The tone wheel 10 has the same shape as the first embodiment, but the first region 10a and the second region 10b are the same. The formation position is different. In other words, in the present embodiment, the cylindrical portion of the tone wheel 10 is the first region 10a, and the outward saddle portion is the second region 10b. Therefore, although not shown in the drawing, the north and south poles are magnetized alternately and at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the first region 10a. The same 1st detection member 12 is opposingly arranged. The first detection member 12 is also composed of two magnetic sensors 12a and 12b having the same phase relationship as described above. The second region 10b is a non-magnetized region, and a recess (absent portion) 10c is formed at one circumferential direction on the flange surface of the magnetic rubber layer 9. In the second area 10b, similarly to the above, a second detection member 13 is disposed so as to be combined with a magnetic sensor 13a facing the second area 10b and a permanent magnet 13b integrated behind the second sensor 10a. Has been. The arrangement direction of the N pole and the S pole of the permanent magnet 13b is a direction perpendicular to the detection surface (the ridge surface) of the second region 10b.

本実施例は、トーンホイール１０における第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂの形成態様及びこれに関連する第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３の配置関係が異なるだけで、図５に示すようなパルス信号の出力機能等、その奏する作用は上記と同様である。従って、上記と同様の優れた効果が得られ、また、その他の構成も上記第１の実施例と同様であるので、ここでは共通部分に同一の符号を付し、その説明は割愛する。 As shown in FIG. 5, the present embodiment differs only in the formation of the first region 10a and the second region 10b in the tone wheel 10 and the arrangement relationship of the first detection member 12 and the second detection member 13 related thereto. The function of the pulse signal output function is the same as described above. Therefore, the same excellent effect as described above can be obtained, and other configurations are also the same as those in the first embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the common parts, and the description thereof is omitted.

図７は、本発明の磁気エンコーダ及びトーンホイールの第３実施例を示すものであり、上記第２実施例とは、欠如部分の形成態様が異なる。即ち、本実施例では、トーンホイール１０の外向鍔部分である第２領域１０ｂの周方向１箇所が、スリンガ８及び磁性ゴム層９が共に切欠かれ、この切欠部分が欠如部分１０ｄとされている。スリンガ８に先端部が弾性摺接するシールリップ６ｂは、この切欠部分１０ｄに嵌り込まないように図のような形状とされている。第２領域１０ｂをこのように構成すると、切欠部分１０ｄとそれ以外の部分（非切欠部分）とでは、上記磁界による磁気変化が大きく、従って、トーンホイール１０の回転に伴うこの磁気変化の検出がより的確になされ、原点パルス信号の出力精度が向上する。その他の構成・効果は上記と同様であるので、共通部分に同一の符号を付し、ここでもその説明を割愛する。 FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the magnetic encoder and tone wheel of the present invention, which is different from the second embodiment in the manner of forming the missing portion. That is, in this embodiment, the slinger 8 and the magnetic rubber layer 9 are both cut out at one place in the circumferential direction of the second region 10b, which is the outwardly facing portion of the tone wheel 10, and this cutout portion is defined as a missing portion 10d. . The seal lip 6b whose tip is in sliding contact with the slinger 8 is shaped as shown in the figure so as not to fit into the notch 10d. When the second region 10b is configured in this way, the magnetic change due to the magnetic field is large in the notched portion 10d and the other portion (non-notched portion). Therefore, the detection of this magnetic change accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel 10 can be prevented. This is done more accurately and the output accuracy of the origin pulse signal is improved. Since other configurations and effects are the same as those described above, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted here.

尚、本実施例において、磁性ゴム層９をスリンガ８の外向鍔部８ｂにまで及ぼさず、第２領域１０ｂをスリンガ８の外向鍔部８ｂのみで構成することも可能である。このように構成しても、スリンガ８は磁性体製であるから、これに対向配置される上記と同様の第２検出部材１３によって、切欠部分１０ｄとそれ以外の部分（非切欠部分）との磁気変化が検出され得ることは上記と同様である。 In the present embodiment, the magnetic rubber layer 9 does not extend to the outward flange portion 8b of the slinger 8, and the second region 10b can be configured by only the outward flange portion 8b of the slinger 8. Even in this configuration, since the slinger 8 is made of a magnetic material, the second detection member 13 that is disposed opposite to the slinger 8 is configured so that the notched portion 10d and other portions (non-notched portions) are separated from each other. The magnetic change can be detected as described above.

図８は、本発明の磁気エンコーダ及びトーンホイールの第４実施例を示すものであり、上記第１〜第３実施例とは、トーンホイール１０を構成するスリンガ８の内輪部材３ｄに対する嵌合方向、これに貼着一体とされる磁性ゴム層９の形状、第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂの形成態様が異なる。即ち、本実施例では、スリンガ８が、その円筒部８ａの反外向鍔部８ｂ側端部より内輪部材３ｄに嵌合されている。従って、磁性ゴム層９はスリンガ８の外向鍔部８ｂの車体側鍔面にのみ貼着一体とされており、第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂはこのフラットな磁性ゴム層９の面域に同心リング状に形成されている。図例では、第１領域１０ａが内側、第２領域１０ｂが外側とされているが、この逆であっても良い。そして、第１領域１０ａは、上記同様着磁領域とされ、その鍔面の周方向全周に亘って多数のＮ極、Ｓ極が交互且つ等間隔で着磁形成されている。一方、第１領域１０ａの外側の第２領域１０ｂは、非着磁領域とされ、その鍔面の周方向１箇所に凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃが形成されている。 FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the magnetic encoder and tone wheel of the present invention. The first to third embodiments are the fitting directions of the slinger 8 constituting the tone wheel 10 with respect to the inner ring member 3d. The shape of the magnetic rubber layer 9 that is integrally bonded to this, and the formation mode of the first region 10a and the second region 10b are different. That is, in this embodiment, the slinger 8 is fitted to the inner ring member 3d from the end of the cylindrical portion 8a on the side opposite to the outward flange portion 8b. Therefore, the magnetic rubber layer 9 is attached and integrated only on the vehicle body side flange surface of the outward flange portion 8b of the slinger 8, and the first region 10a and the second region 10b are in the surface region of the flat magnetic rubber layer 9. It is formed in a concentric ring shape. In the example shown in the figure, the first region 10a is on the inner side and the second region 10b is on the outer side, but this may be reversed. The first region 10a is a magnetized region similar to the above, and a large number of N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized at equal intervals over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the second region 10b outside the first region 10a is a non-magnetized region, and a recess (absent portion) 10c is formed at one place in the circumferential direction of the collar surface.

内輪３と外輪４との間のスペースに余裕があればこのような構成が可能であり、トーンホイール１０自体の加工性も良く望ましく採用される。尚、シールリップ６ｂは、その一部がスリンガ８の円筒部８ａにも弾性摺接するような形状とされる。その他の構成及び効果は上記各実施例と同様であるので、共通部分に同一の符号を付し、ここでもその説明を割愛する。 Such a configuration is possible if there is a sufficient space between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 4, and the workability of the tone wheel 10 itself is also preferably adopted. The seal lip 6b has a shape such that a part thereof is also in elastic sliding contact with the cylindrical portion 8a of the slinger 8. Since other configurations and effects are the same as those of the above embodiments, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted here.

図９は、本発明の磁気エンコーダ及びトーンホイールの第５実施例を示すものであり、外輪４が回転側部材、内輪３が固定側部材である場合に適用した例を示すものである。即ち、芯金６ａが内輪３に外嵌され、トーンホイール１０を構成するスリンガ８が外輪４の内筒部に内嵌される。従って、これら芯金６ａ及びスリンガ８の鍔部形成方向が、上記第１実施例とは逆向き（内向きが外向き、外向きが内向き）の関係となり、スリンガ８に貼着一体とされる磁性ゴム層９の形状もこれと同様の関係となる。これに伴い、トーンホイール１０における第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂの形成部位、第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３の配向位置も異なることになるが、基本的なこれら相互の位置関係は第１の実施例と同様である。従って、外輪４の回転に伴う、磁気エンコーダとして奏する作用・効果は上記各実施例と同様であり、またその他の構成も上記と同様であるので、共通部分に同一の符号を付し、ここでもその説明を割愛する。 FIG. 9 shows a fifth embodiment of the magnetic encoder and tone wheel of the present invention, and shows an example applied when the outer ring 4 is a rotating side member and the inner ring 3 is a fixed side member. That is, the cored bar 6 a is fitted on the inner ring 3, and the slinger 8 constituting the tone wheel 10 is fitted on the inner cylinder portion of the outer ring 4. Accordingly, the flange forming direction of the cored bar 6a and slinger 8 is opposite to that in the first embodiment (inward is outward and outward is inward), and the slinger 8 is integrally attached to the slinger 8. The shape of the magnetic rubber layer 9 is similar to this. Accordingly, the positions where the first region 10a and the second region 10b are formed in the tone wheel 10 and the orientation positions of the first detection member 12 and the second detection member 13 are also different. Is the same as in the first embodiment. Accordingly, the operation and effect of the magnetic encoder that accompanies the rotation of the outer ring 4 are the same as those of the above embodiments, and the other configurations are also the same as described above. I will omit the explanation.

図１０、図１１は、本発明の参考例であって、第１実施例と同様の形状であるが、第２領域１０ｂの表面を凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃを除く全面にＳ極又はＮ極の単極に着磁（裏面はその反対極）し、第２検出部材１３を第１検出部材１２と同様の磁気センサで構成した例を示すものである。このようにすれば、凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃと凹部でない部分（非欠如部分）との磁気変化を磁気センサで検出することができ、第２領域１０ｂの着磁も左程煩雑でなく、また、第２検出部材１３を小さくすることができ、限られたスペースでの磁気エンコーダの組立ても支障なく行うことができる。その他の構成は上記と同様であるので、共通部分に同一の符号を付し、その説明を割愛する。また、本実施例は第２〜第５実施例の構造のものにも適用し得ることは言うまでもない。 10 and 11 show a reference example of the present invention, which has the same shape as that of the first embodiment, but the surface of the second region 10b is the S pole or N pole on the entire surface excluding the concave portion (missing portion) 10c. The second detection member 13 is composed of a magnetic sensor similar to the first detection member 12 and is magnetized in a single pole (the reverse side is the reverse side). In this way, the magnetic change between the concave portion (missing portion) 10c and the non-concave portion (non-missing portion) can be detected by the magnetic sensor, and the magnetization of the second region 10b is not complicated as much as the left. The second detection member 13 can be made small, and assembly of the magnetic encoder in a limited space can be performed without any trouble. Since other configurations are the same as described above, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted. Needless to say, this embodiment can also be applied to the structures of the second to fifth embodiments.

図１２（ａ）は、外輪４が回転側部材であり、且つトーンホイール１０がシールリング６を構成しない場合の例を示すものである。（ｂ）（ｃ）はその変形例を示す。図１２（ａ）において、トーンホイール１０は、外輪４の外周に外嵌固定される円筒状金属補強環（芯金）１４と、該補強環１４の外周に固着一体とされた磁性ゴム層としての磁性ゴム層９とよりなる。磁性ゴム層９にはそのスラスト方向に沿って、前記と同様の第１領域１０ａと、第２領域１０ｂとが並設され、更に、第２領域１０ｂには、凹部（欠如部分）１０ｃが形成されている。そして、これら第１領域１０ａと、第２領域１０ｂとには、第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３が対向配置されている。従って、外輪４の回転に伴い、第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂにおける、第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３による検出機能によって、回転検出及び原点検出がなされることは上記と同様である。 FIG. 12A shows an example in which the outer ring 4 is a rotation side member and the tone wheel 10 does not constitute the seal ring 6. (B) (c) shows the modification. In FIG. 12A, the tone wheel 10 includes a cylindrical metal reinforcing ring (core metal) 14 that is fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the outer ring 4, and a magnetic rubber layer that is integrally fixed to the outer periphery of the reinforcing ring 14. And a magnetic rubber layer 9. The magnetic rubber layer 9 is provided with a first region 10a and a second region 10b arranged in parallel along the thrust direction, and further, a recess (absent portion) 10c is formed in the second region 10b. Has been. And the 1st detection member 12 and the 2nd detection member 13 are opposingly arranged by these 1st field 10a and 2nd field 10b. Therefore, as the outer ring 4 rotates, the rotation detection and the origin detection are performed by the detection function of the first detection member 12 and the second detection member 13 in the first region 10a and the second region 10b as described above. is there.

図１２（ｂ）においては、補強環１４が、外輪４の外周に外嵌固定される円筒部１４ａと、外輪４の端面（スラスト方向端面、以下スラスト面と言う）に当接される内向鍔部１４ｂとよりなり、磁性ゴム層９はこの補強環１４の外形状に沿って固着一体とされている。そして、磁性ゴム層９の外周面部に沿ったラジアル面部が第１領域１０ａ、スラスト面部が第２領域１０ｂとされ、夫々に第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３が対向配置されている。また、図１２（ｃ）においては、補強環１４の形状は（ｂ）の例と同様であるが、磁性ゴム層９は補強環１４の内向鍔部１４ｂにのみ固着一体とされ、この同一面域内に、図８の例と同様に第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂが並設され、夫々に第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３が対向配置されている。従ってこれらの例でも、外輪４の回転に伴い、第１領域１０ａ及び第２領域１０ｂにおける、第１検出部材１２及び第２検出部材１３による検出機能によって、回転検出及び原点検出がなされることは上記と同様である。 In FIG. 12B, the reinforcing ring 14 is inwardly contacted with a cylindrical portion 14a fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the outer ring 4 and an end surface of the outer ring 4 ( thrust direction end surface, hereinafter referred to as a thrust surface ). The magnetic rubber layer 9 is integrally fixed along the outer shape of the reinforcing ring 14. And the radial surface part along the outer peripheral surface part of the magnetic rubber layer 9 is made into the 1st area | region 10a and the thrust surface part is made into the 2nd area | region 10b, and the 1st detection member 12 and the 2nd detection member 13 are opposingly arranged, respectively. In FIG. 12C, the shape of the reinforcing ring 14 is the same as that of the example of FIG. 12B, but the magnetic rubber layer 9 is fixed and integrated only to the inward flange portion 14b of the reinforcing ring 14, and the same surface. As in the example of FIG. 8, the first region 10 a and the second region 10 b are arranged side by side in the region, and the first detection member 12 and the second detection member 13 are opposed to each other. Accordingly, in these examples, as the outer ring 4 rotates, the rotation detection and the origin detection are performed by the detection function of the first detection member 12 and the second detection member 13 in the first region 10a and the second region 10b. Same as above.

図１２（ａ）（ｂ）（ｃ）におけるその他の構成は上記と同様であるので、共通部分に同一の符号を付し、その説明を割愛する。尚、図１２（ｃ）の例において磁性ゴム環９の固着スペースを確保する為に、内向鍔部１４ｂを内輪３側に更に延出させることも可能である。また、これらの例において、円筒部１４ａを外輪の内周部に圧入嵌合させるものであってもよい。更に、これらの例は、トーンホイール１０がシールリング６を構成せず、回転側である外輪に取付けられるものとしているが、トーンホイール１０がシールリング６を構成せず、回転側である内輪に取付けられるものにも適用され得ることは言うまでもない。 Other configurations in FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C are the same as those described above, and therefore, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In the example of FIG. 12C, the inward flange portion 14b can be further extended to the inner ring 3 side in order to secure a space for fixing the magnetic rubber ring 9. In these examples, the cylindrical portion 14a may be press-fitted to the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring. Further, in these examples, the tone wheel 10 does not constitute the seal ring 6 and is attached to the outer ring on the rotating side, but the tone wheel 10 does not constitute the seal ring 6 and is arranged on the inner ring on the rotating side. It goes without saying that it can also be applied to what is attached.

尚、第５実施例のように外輪４が回転側部材である場合にも、第２乃至第４実施例及び第６実施例と同様の構成を適用し得ることは言うまでもない。また、上記各実施例では、自動車の車輪軸受部におけるシール部材を構成する一部材をトーンホイールとして磁気エンコーダを構成した例を述べたが、その他の回転部分やステアリング部等にも本発明の適用が可能であることは言うまでもない。更に、トーンホイール１０を構成する磁性ゴム層９に代え、磁性プラスチック層とすることも可能である。この場合、その形状保持性から、適用対象によってはスリンガ（芯金）８を不要とすることも可能である。加えて、第２領域１０ｂを非着磁領域とした例について述べたが、これを着磁領域とし、対向配置される第２検出部材１３を磁気センサのみからなるものとしても、欠如部分では他の部位とは異なる磁気変化が発現されるから、これを検出することにより、同様の原点パルス信号の出力が得られることになる。 Needless to say, when the outer ring 4 is a rotating member as in the fifth embodiment, the same configuration as in the second to fourth and sixth embodiments can be applied. In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which a magnetic encoder is configured by using a tone wheel as one member constituting a seal member in a wheel bearing portion of an automobile has been described. However, the present invention is also applied to other rotating portions, steering portions, and the like. It goes without saying that is possible. Further, a magnetic plastic layer can be used instead of the magnetic rubber layer 9 constituting the tone wheel 10. In this case, the slinger (core metal) 8 may be unnecessary depending on the application target because of its shape retention. In addition, although the example in which the second region 10b is a non-magnetized region has been described, this may be a magnetized region, and the second detection member 13 that is disposed oppositely may be composed of only a magnetic sensor. Since a magnetic change different from that of this part is expressed, the output of the same origin pulse signal can be obtained by detecting this magnetic change.

本発明の１実施例の磁気エンコーダが組み込まれた軸受ユニットの例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the bearing unit in which the magnetic encoder of one Example of this invention was integrated. 図１におけるＸ部の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the X section in FIG. 同磁気エンコーダの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the magnetic encoder. 同磁気エンコーダの正面図である。It is a front view of the magnetic encoder. 同磁気エンコーダにおける検出手段による波形図であり、（ａ）は同第１検出部材の一方による波形図、（ｂ）は同他方による波形図、（ｃ）は第２検出部材による波形図である。It is a waveform diagram by the detection means in the magnetic encoder, (a) is a waveform diagram by one of the first detection member, (b) is a waveform diagram by the other, (c) is a waveform diagram by the second detection member. . 第２実施例の図２と同様図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 2 of 2nd Example. 第３実施例の図２と同様図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 2 of 3rd Example. 第４実施例の図２と同様図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 2 of 4th Example. 第５実施例の図２と同様図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 2 of 5th Example. 参考例としての第６実施例の図２と同様図である。It is the same figure as FIG. 2 of 6th Example as a reference example . 図１０における部分切欠右側面図である。It is a partial notch right view in FIG. （ａ）は、第７実施例の図２と同様図であり、（ｂ）（ｃ）はその変形例を示す。(A) is a figure similar to FIG. 2 of 7th Example, (b) (c) shows the modification.

Explanation of symbols

３内輪（回転側部材）
４外輪（固定側部材）
８スリンガ（芯金）
９磁性ゴム層
１０トーンホイール
１０ａ第１領域
１０ｂ第２領域
１０ｃ凹部（欠如部分）
１０ｄ切欠部（欠如部分）
１１検出手段
１２第１検出部材
１２ａ磁気センサ
１２ｂ磁気センサ
１３第２検出部材
１３ａ磁気センサ
１３ｂ永久磁石
１４円筒状金属補強環（芯金） 3 Inner ring (rotary member)
4 Outer ring (fixed side member)
8 Slinger (core metal)
9 Magnetic rubber layer 10 Tone wheel 10a 1st area | region 10b 2nd area | region 10c Recessed part (missing part)
10d Notch (missing part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Detection means 12 1st detection member 12a Magnetic sensor 12b Magnetic sensor 13 2nd detection member 13a Magnetic sensor 13b Permanent magnet 14 Cylindrical metal reinforcement ring (core metal)

Claims

An annular tone wheel made of a magnetic material concentrically fixed to a rotating side member rotating around an axis, and fixed to the fixed side member so as to face the tone wheel, and detects a magnetic change accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel. A magnetic encoder comprising detecting means for
The tone wheel includes a first region in which a plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction, and a non- attached portion that is concentric with the first region and has a missing portion in a circumferential direction. A first detection member that is disposed opposite to the first region and detects a rotation pulse signal due to a magnetic change of the N pole and the S pole associated with the rotation of the tone wheel; The second detection member is disposed opposite to the second region and detects an origin signal due to a magnetic change in the missing portion and the non-missing portion accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel .
The first detection member includes a magnetic sensor, and detects the magnetic change of the N pole and the S pole in the first region accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel as a rotation pulse signal. On the other hand, the second detection member is composed of a magnetic sensor and a permanent magnet, and a change in the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet based on the lacking part and non-missing part of the second region accompanying the rotation of the tone wheel is used as an origin signal. the magnetic encoder according to claim der Rukoto those detected by the magnetic sensor.

The magnetic encoder according to claim 1 ,
The magnetic encoder, wherein the first detection member includes two magnetic sensors arranged so that phases of the rotation pulse signals are shifted from each other along a circumferential direction of the first region.

The magnetic encoder according to claim 1 or 2 ,
Wherein said tone wheel includes a metal core, become more and core metal to bonded integrally with by magnetic rubber layer or the magnetic plastic layer, the Rukoto the lack portion is formed on the magnetic rubber layer or a magnetic plastic layer Magnetic encoder.

The magnetic encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The tone wheel includes a cylindrical portion that is fitted and fixed to the rotation-side member, and a flange portion that is coupled to the cylindrical portion, and one of the cylindrical portion and the flange portion is the first region and the other portion. Is the second region. A magnetic encoder, wherein:

A tone wheel that is concentrically fixed to a rotating side member that rotates around an axis and that constitutes a magnetic encoder with magnetic change detection means fixed to the fixed side member,
A first region in which a plurality of N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized along the circumferential direction, and a non-magnetized second region that is concentric with the first region and has a missing part in the circumferential direction And the first region is arranged to face the first detection member comprising a magnetic sensor for detecting a pulse signal that constitutes the detection means, and the second region is The tone wheel is arranged to face a second detection member comprising a magnetic sensor for detecting an origin signal and a permanent magnet constituting the detection means.

The tone wheel according to claim 5 ,
Core metal and, more become the core metal in the attached integrally and are magnetic rubber layer or magnetic plastics layer, the tone wheel in which the lack portion is characterized that you have been formed on the magnetic rubber layer or the magnetic plastic layer.

The tone wheel according to claim 5 or 6 ,
The cylindrical portion is fitted and fixed to the rotating side member, and a flange portion is coupled to the cylindrical portion. One of the cylindrical portion and the flange portion is the first region, and the other is the second region. The tone wheel is characterized by being said.