JP4703665B2 - Tree planting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a greening device installed on the rooftop of a building, and more particularly to a technique for preventing a decrease in fertilizer components.

In recent years, it has been considered that planting plants on the rooftops of buildings and the like as an effective means to respond to global warming problems, suppress heat islands in urban areas, and clean up the atmosphere. As such a greening technique, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses planting for planting a plurality of frame materials standing on the rooftop of a building and a plant having a tubular shape with a cutout at the top. A greening device comprising a case, a medium made of a zeolite compact that is housed inside and holding a plant root, and a circulation system comprising a conduit and a pump for circulating a liquid such as liquid fertilizer in the medium It is disclosed.
JP 2006-20542 A

  By the way, the zeolite used as the medium is porous and has a property of adsorbing various substances. For this reason, even if liquid fertilizer is replenished in the planting case, the fertilizer component contained in the liquid fertilizer may be adsorbed and reduced by the zeolite before being absorbed by the plant, and the fertilizer may not be sufficiently supplied to the plant.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said point, and when a zeolite is used as a culture medium, it aims at providing the greening apparatus which can prevent the reduction | decrease of the fertilizer component in liquid manure.

1st invention of this invention for achieving said objective is a tree planting apparatus comprised including the culture medium for hydroponics, and the planting case in which the said culture medium is accommodated, Comprising: The said hydroponics Soaking in a liquid fertilizer having the same fertilizer component as the fertilizer component in advance, the fertilizer component containing at least one of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, or potash same as the liquid fertilizer supplied to the medium when cultivating The zeolite adsorbed by the above is used as the medium, and the planting case is configured using a light-shielding material, and the planting case has a plant to be planted in the medium on its side surface outside the planting case. It is assumed that the planting case has an opening in the upper part, and a detachable lid that closes the opening is provided .
According to the greening device of the present invention, the same fertilizer component as the liquid fertilizer supplied to the medium is adsorbed in advance to the zeolite used as the medium for hydroponics, so the adsorption power of the zeolite is reduced, and newly Even if the liquid fertilizer to be replenished comes into contact with the zeolite, the fertilizer component in the liquid fertilizer is hardly adsorbed on the zeolite, and a decrease in the fertilizer component in the liquid fertilizer can be prevented.
On the other hand, when the concentration of fertilizer components in liquid fertilizer replenished to zeolite is lower than the normal concentration, the fertilizer components previously adsorbed on the zeolite are leached into the liquid fertilizer, so the supply of fertilizer components to the plant decreases. Can be prevented.
Moreover, the path | route which sunlight injects into a planting case and the approach path | route of foreign materials, such as rainwater and a seed | species, are restrict | limited only to the opening part formed in the side of a planting case. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the duck in a planting case, dilution of liquid manure, weeds, or propagation of a pathogenic microbe can be prevented. Thereby, the inside of a planting case can be constantly maintained as an environment where a plant grows well.
Furthermore, since the planting case has an opening at the top and a detachable lid for closing the opening is provided, it is possible to easily carry out the planting work of the plant in the planting case and the cleaning of the planting case. it can.

2nd invention among the present invention is the above-mentioned tree planting apparatus, a drain pipe is inserted from the outside of the planting case to the inner bottom part of the planting case, and the planting case of the drain pipe, A plurality of holes for taking the liquid in the planting case into the drain pipe are formed.
According to the tree planting apparatus of the present invention, the liquid that accumulates at the bottom of the planting case can be taken in from a plurality of holes formed in the drain pipe, and the liquid that accumulates at the bottom of the planting case quickly Can drain to the outside. For this reason, the air permeability of a culture medium improves and it can prevent the disease and root rot of the plant which hates a humid environment.

  According to the tree planting apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to prevent a decrease in fertilizer components in liquid manure.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment will be described. The tree planting apparatus according to the present embodiment is installed, for example, on a rooftop of a building, a flat ground such as a parking lot or a park, an indoor facility having a large space, or the like as a resting place or a resting place.

  FIG. 1 shows an external perspective view of the greening device 10. As shown in the figure, the tree planting apparatus 10 is configured to include two prosperous frames 30a and 30b, a planting case installation shelf 20, and a planting case 110.

  The planting device 10 is configured such that a plant planted in the planting case 110 extends from the planting case 110 along the two prosperous frames 30a and 30b, thereby allowing the leaves to proliferate. The prosperous frames 30a and 30b are composed of a grid-like frame, and the inclined roof portion 310 is provided so as to be inclined so that the whole has a rectangular shape and the whole forms a certain angle with respect to the ground. There are two support columns 320 that cantilever support the lower end of 310 at a predetermined height from the ground. With such a configuration, even when the greening device 10 is installed in a place where existing facilities exist such as the rooftop of a building, the column 320 is provided on the lower edge of the inclined roof portion 310. Therefore, it can be easily installed in various places regardless of the installation environment. Moreover, the whole roof can be looked over from the low direction of the inclination of the inclined roof part 310, and the growth condition of a plant is easy to visually recognize. These two prosperous frames 30a and 30b are arranged such that the end sides 312 on the higher side of the inclined roof portion 310 face each other at a predetermined interval and in parallel in the substantially horizontal direction.

  For example, a commercially available carport or cycle port can be used for the prosperous frames 30a and 30b. By using such a commercially available product, the construction time when constructing a prosperous frame can be shortened. Moreover, the manufacturing cost and construction cost of the greening apparatus 10 can be reduced. In addition, when using a commercially available carport or cycle port, it is attached at the time of purchase in order to reduce the load applied to the frame and to allow easy maintenance of the plant from below the overgrown frame 30. It is preferable to remove and use the roof plate.

  Each inclined roof portion 310 of the prosperous frames 30a, 30b is provided with a member such as a wire net or a net (hereinafter referred to as the prosperous net 32) so as to cover the entire surface of the inclined roof portion 310 so that the plant grows over the entire roof. It has been.

  In addition, when a plant is not entangled with the prosperous frame 30 or the prosperous net 32, for example, a plant stem or the like may be appropriately fastened to the prosperous frame 30 or the prosperous net 32 using a wire or a rope. Good.

  The planting case installation shelf 20 has a rectangular shelf board 22 having a long side approximately the same length as the end side 312 of the inclined roof portion 310, and the shelf board 22 has a height that is approximately the same as the end side 312. Two supporting columns 24 are supported. The planting case installation shelf 20 is arranged so that the long side of the shelf 22 is parallel to the high side edge of the inclined roof portion 310 between the opposite high side edges 312 of the prosperous frames 30a and 30b. Provided. Thereby, the planting case 110 placed on the shelf board 22 is arranged along the end 312 and the plant can be naturally guided from the planting case 110 to the prosperous frames 30a and 30b. In addition, since the plant can be grown from the planting case 110 to the prosperous frames 30a and 30b installed on both sides of the planting case 110, the greening area is expanded.

  The shelf board 22 may be provided with a band, a bolt, or the like for fixing the planting case 110 so that the planting case 110 does not fall off the shelf board 22.

  A plate member 25 is provided at the bottom of the support column 24 and the above-described support column 320. When installing the greening device 10 on the rooftop of a building, the plate material 25 and the concrete surface of the building roof can be fixed with an anchor bolt or bonded with an adhesive, thereby preventing floating against strong winds. .

  FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structure of the planting case 110 and a configuration around it. In the figure, (a) is a longitudinal sectional view and (b) is an AA sectional view.

  As shown in the figure, the culture medium 70 is accommodated in the planting case 110. A plant 60 is planted in the medium 70 together with a planting pot 142 described later. In addition, a water supply pipe 120 and an irrigation tube 122 for introducing liquid fertilizer (including water) into the culture medium 70 and a drain pipe 130 for draining the liquid fertilizer from the planting case 110 are connected to the planting case 110. Yes.

  The planting case 110 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped container, and the longitudinal direction thereof has the same length as the end side 312 of the prosperous frame 30. A drain 112 for draining water is provided on the bottom surface of the planting case 110. For this reason, the liquid manure collected at the bottom of the planting case 110 can be drained without turning the planting case 110 over. An opening for draining liquid manure from the drain 112 to the lower side of the shelf board 22 is provided at a portion corresponding to the position of the drain 112 of the shelf board 22 described above.

  A removable lid 114 is provided on the upper surface of the planting case 110. The lid 114 is attached when the plant 60 is grown, but is appropriately removed when the plant 60 is planted or when the planting case 110 is cleaned, for example.

  An opening 116 for pulling out the plant 60 to the outside of the case is formed on the side surface of the planting case 110 (see FIG. 5B). The opening 116 is preferably as small as possible. By making the opening 116 small, the incident path into the sunlight planting case 110 and the path of entry of foreign matter such as rainwater and seeds are restricted, and the occurrence of mushrooms in the planting case 110, dilution of liquid manure, weeds or Propagation of pathogenic bacteria can be prevented.

  For the medium 70, zeolite on which a fertilizer component is adsorbed in advance is used. The zeolite to which the fertilizer component is adsorbed is prepared, for example, with a chronoptilol type having a particle size of about 1 to 3 mm (for example, Sun Zeolite manufactured by Zeolite Industry Co., Ltd.) before being filled in the planting case 110 or filled. Later, it can be easily produced by sufficiently immersing in liquid fertilizer. The components and concentration of the liquid fertilizer at this time are set to the same level as those circulating when the plant 60 is grown. For example, 18.6 me / l of nitrogen, 5.1 me / l of phosphoric acid, 7.6 me / l of potassium, 8.2 me / l of calcium, and 3.7 me / l of magnesium with respect to 1 L of water.

  As described above, when the zeolite to which the fertilizer component is adsorbed in advance is used as the culture medium 70, the adsorptive power of the zeolite decreases even when the newly supplied liquid fertilizer comes into contact with the zeolite, and the fertilizer component in the liquid fertilizer is adsorbed. It is rarely done. For this reason, the reduction of the fertilizer component in liquid manure can be prevented.

  In addition, when the concentration of the fertilizer component in the liquid fertilizer supplied to the zeolite is lower than the normal concentration, the fertilizer component previously adsorbed on the zeolite is leached into the liquid fertilizer and the fertilizer component is supplied to the plant 60. It can be prevented from decreasing.

  The water supply pipe 120 is extended from the liquid fertilizer tank described later into the planting case 110. A plurality of holes are formed in the side surface of the water supply pipe 120 in the planting case 110. One end of the water supply pipe 120 is connected to an irrigation tube 122 (for example, Everflow manufactured by Sanrex Kogyo Co., Ltd.) placed along the surface of the culture medium 70. As a result, the liquid fertilizer is sprinkled on the surface of the medium 70 in the planting case 110 via the water supply pipe 120 and the irrigation tube 122, penetrates the medium 70, and is supplied to the plant 60.

  The drain pipe 130 is inserted from the outside of the planting case 110 to the inside bottom. In the portion of the drainage pipe 130 in the planting case 110, a plurality of small holes 132 for taking liquid fertilizer into the pipe are formed. Thereby, the liquid manure which is replenished in the planting case 110 and accumulates at the bottom of the planting case 110 can be taken from these small holes 132 and drained to the outside of the planting case 110 quickly. . For this reason, the air permeability of the culture medium 70 is improved, and it is possible to prevent plant diseases and root rots that dislike humid environments.

  In addition, a nonwoven fabric or the like (not shown) is wound around each small hole 132, and the particulate medium 70 or the like enters the tube from the small hole 132 or closes the small hole 132. Is prevented.

  Examples of the plant 60 that can be cultivated by the greening device 10 include climbing evergreen plants such as Ivy and Teika Kazura that are easy to maintain and can be cultivated outdoors throughout the year, and deciduous plants such as sweet potatoes and wisteria. However, the plant 60 is not particularly limited to these.

  As the plant 60, for example, a plant grown in an environment suitable for raising seedlings (for example, a facility dedicated to raising seedlings) may be used. Moreover, if it is a hydroponic plant, you may use what was cultivated by hydroponics from the time of seedling raising. That is, since the plant 60 forms roots suitable for hydroponics by hydroponic seedlings, it becomes easy to adapt to the hydroponic environment after being planted in the medium 70.

  The planting pot 142 is preferably a pot that can be used as a pot when raising seedlings, and can be transplanted easily without taking out the seedlings from the pot when planting on the medium 70. Examples of such a material include a paper made of specially processed paper and a material made of a water-permeable material such as compression-molded beet moss (for example, Jiffy (registered trademark) pot made by Sakata Tane). By using such a planting pot 142, the plant can be gradually adapted to the medium without damaging the roots during planting.

  In order to prevent the plant 60 from dropping off from the planting case 110 due to strong winds or its own weight, etc., for plant fixation for binding a rope that extends in the longitudinal direction and fixes the stem of the plant 60 in the planting case 110 A wire 144 may be provided.

  FIG. 3 shows a system diagram of a liquid manure circulation unit 40 shown as an example of a liquid manure circulation facility. The liquid manure circulation unit 40 shown in the figure has a liquid manure tank 42, a pump 48, a water supply pipe 120, and a drain pipe 130.

  The liquid fertilizer tank 42 temporarily stores liquid fertilizer that is drained from the planting case 110 through the drain pipe 130 and is circulated and supplied to the planting case 110 through the water supply pipe 120. Inside the liquid fertilizer tank 42 is provided a water replenishing device 44 that automatically replenishes the tank with an appropriate amount of water or liquid fertilizer according to a decrease in the liquid fertilizer water level. The liquid fertilizer tank 42 may be provided with a concentration sensor 160 (for example, an electric conductivity meter) for measuring the concentration of the liquid fertilizer.

  The liquid fertilizer tank 42 includes a temperature sensor 170 for measuring the temperature in the liquid fertilizer tank 42, a heater 140 and a cooler 150 for adjusting the temperature of the liquid fertilizer, and the operation of the heater 140 and the cooler 150 according to the measured value of the temperature sensor 170. You may provide the control apparatus 180 which controls. As a result, it is possible to prevent the liquid fertilizer from freezing or the liquid fertilizer from becoming so high that it adversely affects the growth of the plant 60.

  The pump 48 is installed in the flow path of the water supply pipe 120 and transfers the liquid manure stored in the liquid manure tank 42 to the planting case 110. The power supply to the pump 48 is preferably performed using natural energy such as solar power generation. That is, since the amount of sunlight increases as the amount of sunlight increases in the plant, it is necessary to increase the output of the pump 48 in order to increase the replenishment amount of liquid fertilizer in the planting case 110 in order to cope with this. However, solar power generation, in which the amount of power generation increases as the amount of sunlight increases, is particularly suitable as a power supply source.

  The water supply pipe 120 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 50 for controlling the supply of liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer tank 42 to the planting case 110, a timer-type controller 52 for controlling the flow rate and supply time of the liquid fertilizer by the electromagnetic valve 50, and the like. May be.

  The drain pipe 130 may be provided with a strainer 134 for removing foreign matters mixed in the drain pipe 130. Further, a ball valve 136 for permitting or prohibiting the transfer of the liquid fertilizer in the drain pipe 130 may be provided downstream of the strainer 134.

  In FIG. 4, other embodiment of the planting case mounted in the planting case installation shelf 20 is shown. In the figure, (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a planting case, and (b) is a BB sectional view of the planting case. In the figure, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment (FIG. 2).

  In the example shown in the figure, the planting case 110 connects a plurality of independent small cases 210 arranged in parallel with the internal space of the adjacent small cases 210 to store water stored in each small case 210. It has a connecting pipe 230 that circulates between the cases 210. By doing in this way, the range which plants the plant 60 can be set easily by increasing / decreasing the connection number of the small cases 210 as needed.

  In the planting case 110, a flow path for introducing liquid fertilizer consisting of a water supply pipe 120, an upper supply hose 242, a dropping device 244, and a lower supply hose 252 from a liquid fertilizer tank, a drain pipe 130, a drain pipe 212, and a drain A flow path for discharging the liquid fertilizer 112 to the liquid fertilizer tank is provided.

  Each of the small cases 210 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape (a size in which two seedlings can be planted in the example shown in the figure). The upper surfaces of all the upper surfaces are open.

  As with the planting case 110, a drain 112 for draining water is provided on the bottom surface of each small case 210 so that the water can be drained without turning the case upside down. The liquid fertilizer drained from the drain 112 of each small case 210 is transferred to the drain pipe 130 via the drain pipe 212.

  A connecting hole 214 to which the connecting pipe 230 is connected is formed on the side surface in the extending direction of each small case 210, and liquid fertilizer flows between the adjacent small cases 210 through the connecting pipe 230.

  A mesh basket 220 is accommodated in each small case 210. The mesh basket 220 is a metal or plastic container that has been subjected to mesh processing, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is slightly smaller than the volume inside the small case 210.

  The height of the mesh basket 220 is set to be shorter than the depth inside the small case 210. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the upper edge of the long side surface of the mesh basket 220 is formed by being bent in the outer peripheral direction, and the bent upper edge is used as the upper edge of the side surface of the small case 210. The mesh basket 220 can be installed in a state where the mesh basket 220 is raised in the inner space of the small case 210 by being brought into contact with the portion.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the mesh basket 220, a non-woven fabric 224 for allowing only the liquid fertilizer to pass through without causing the culture medium 70 to drop off from the mesh eyes is provided.

  The culture medium 70 is stored in each of these mesh baskets 220. As the medium 70, zeolite that is sufficiently immersed in liquid fertilizer is used as in the above-described embodiment (FIG. 2). The surface of the culture medium 70 is covered with the ground surface at the base of the plant 60 in order to alleviate drying and temperature changes of the culture medium 70, avoid damage caused by diseases, and prevent the culture medium 70 from flying up and weeds. A mulching material 222 such as firewood or moss is laid.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the plant 60 is directly planted in the medium 70, but it may be planted together with the planting pot 142 as in the above-described embodiment (FIG. 2).

  Among the plurality of small cases 210, the small case 210 to which the drain pipe 130 is connected (the small case 210 placed at the leftmost in the figure) is provided with a water level adjusting weir 260 inside. The water level adjusting weir 260 is made of a plate-like member that is in close contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface in the small case 210 and can be fixed vertically.

  The water level adjusting weir 260 stops the liquid fertilizer flowing between the small cases 210 before draining it from the drainpipe 130 until the liquid fertilizer level reaches the height of the water level adjusting weir 260 at the bottom of each small case 210. Store. That is, liquid fertilizer at a constant water level is stored at the bottom of each small case 210.

  The water level adjusting weir 260 can be easily attached and detached, and the water level of the liquid fertilizer can be adjusted by exchanging the water level adjusting weir 260 with a different height.

  For example, when installing the water level adjusting weir 260 whose height does not reach the bottom surface of the mesh basket 220, the liquid fertilizer that moves downward in the culture medium 70 and reaches the bottom surface of the mesh basket 220 is transferred to the small case 210. Since it falls to the bottom of the inside, it is possible to prevent the culture medium 70 from becoming humid and prevent the disease of the plant 60 and the occurrence of root rot. On the other hand, when the plant 60 has a property that favors high humidity, a water level adjusting weir 260 higher than the bottom surface of the mesh basket 220 can be installed so that the liquid fertilizer can be sufficiently supplied to the plant 60.

  The installation position of the water level adjustment weir 260 is not necessarily limited to the above-described position. For example, a plurality of small cases 210 may be provided near the inlet or outlet (connecting hole 214) through which liquid fertilizer flows in or out. In this way, for example, when one of the small cases 210 is to be replaced, it is not necessary to remove all of the liquid manure stored in each small case 210, and only the liquid manure stored in the small case 210 to be replaced is extracted. be able to.

  The water supply pipe 120 has a flow path for supplying liquid fertilizer from the top of the planting case 110 (hereinafter referred to as an upper supply route) and a flow path for supplying liquid fertilizer to the bottom of the planting case 110 (hereinafter referred to as a bottom supply route). Branching to.).

  The liquid manure supplied by the upper supply route is transferred from the water supply pipe 120 to the vicinity of each small case 210 through the upper supply hose 242, and then collected from the upper supply hose 242 by the dropping device 244. It is dripped at the medium 70 inside. As the dropping device 244, for example, a commercially available woodpecker type dripper with pressure correction can be used. The liquid fertilizer dropped on each medium 70 is partly absorbed by the plant 60 and moves downward in each medium 70 and moves to the bottom of the mesh basket 220 and is accommodated in the bottom of each small case 210. The

  On the other hand, the liquid fertilizer supplied by the bottom supply route is accommodated in the bottom of a predetermined small case 210 (the rightmost small case 210 in FIG. 4) from the water supply pipe 120 through the lower supply hose 252 and thereafter Then, it flows to the other small cases 210 through the connecting pipe 230.

  In addition, you may provide the ball valve 136 which permits or prohibits the transfer of the liquid manure which distribute | circulates the inside, for example in the appropriate place of an upper part supply route and a bottom part supply route.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the above description is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

  For example, in the above embodiment, zeolite is used as the medium 70, but vermiculite, pearlite, isolite, or the like may be used.

  Moreover, as materials of the planting case 110, the small case 210, the planting case lid 114, the water supply pipe 120, the drain pipe 130, the liquid fertilizer tank 42, the connecting pipe 230, and the dropping device 244 in the above embodiment, for example, Rigid vinyl chloride or metal can be used. Further, as the irrigation tube 122, the upper supply hose 242, and the lower supply hose 252, for example, a soft vinyl chloride tube can be used.

  In addition, in order to prevent deterioration of liquid fertilizer due to ultraviolet rays or the like, it is preferable that any constituent member has a light shielding property. By doing in this way, since sunlight does not enter into the planting case 110, generation | occurrence | production of a blue can be prevented.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the greening apparatus. It is a figure which shows the cross-section of the planting case 110, and the structure of the periphery. It is a systematic diagram of the liquid manure circulation unit 40 shown as an example of the liquid fertilizer circulation equipment. It is other embodiment of the planting case mounted in the planting case installation shelf 20. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Greening device 20 Planting case installation shelf 22 Shelf plate 24 Prop 25 Plate material 30, 30a, 30b Overgrowth frame 32 Overgrowth net 40 Liquid manure circulation unit 42 Liquid manure tank 44 Water supply device 48 Pump 50 Solenoid valve 52 Timer type controller 60 Plant 70 Medium 110 Planting Case 112 Drain 114 Lid 116 Opening 120 Water Supply Pipe 122 Irrigation Tube 130 Drain Pipe 132 Small Hole 134 Strainer 136 Ball Valve 140 Heater 142 Planting Pot 144 Plant Fixing Wire 150 Cooler 160 Concentration Sensor 170 Temperature Sensor 210 Small Case 212 Drain pipe 214 Connection hole 220 Mesh basket 222 Mulching material 224 Non-woven fabric 230 Connection pipe 242 Upper supply hose 244 Dropping device 252 Lower supply hose 260 Position adjusting weir 310 inclined roof portion 312 side edge 320 posts

Claims (2)

A greening device comprising a medium for hydroponics and a planting case in which the medium is accommodated,
Same as liquid fertilizer supplied to the medium when performing the hydroponics, fertilizer component containing at least one of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, or potash, to liquid fertilizer having the same fertilizer component as the fertilizer component in advance Using the zeolite adsorbed by immersion as the medium ,
The planting case is configured using a light-shielding material,
The planting case has an opening for extending a plant to be planted in the medium on the side surface to the outside of the planting case,
The planting case further has an opening at the top, and a detachable lid for closing the opening is provided . A drain pipe is inserted from the outside of the planting case to the inner bottom of the planting case,
The greening device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of holes for taking the liquid in the planting case into the drainage pipe are formed in the planting case of the drainage pipe.

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