JP4580954B2 - Ventilated building structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to passing the gas building construction.

  The present inventor has adopted so-called ventilating heat insulation that can prevent the steaming of structural materials such as timber, improve the durability of the building, and maintain the living environment suitably by taking outside air into the ventilation layer of the building. It proposed about the building structure provided with the structure (refer patent document 1, 2). This ventilation insulation structure is provided with an external ventilation layer and an internal ventilation layer along the outside and inside of the wall structure material of the building, and controls the ventilation of the external ventilation layer and the internal ventilation layer according to the season etc. The indoor dwelling environment is suitably maintained by utilizing the moisture absorbing and exhausting action and the ventilation action of the wall (wall surface).

In this ventilation insulation structure, by taking outside air under the floor, venting it from the underfloor space to the internal ventilation layer provided inside the wall structure material, and letting the airflow rising up the internal ventilation layer flow out from the back of the hut to the outdoors, It is configured to discharge hot air and moisture in the living room to the outside. When the outside air temperature is high as in the summer, the outside air is passed through the external ventilation layer and the inside ventilation layer, and hot air, moisture, etc. are discharged from the living room, and the outside air temperature is low as in the winter. By blocking the ventilation of the outer ventilation layer and the inner ventilation layer to enhance the heat insulation effect of the living room, a comfortable living space can be obtained throughout the year.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-181901 JP 2006-207126 A

  In this way, the ventilation insulation structure has a ventilation layer in the building and uses the air permeability and moisture permeation on the wall surface of the living room to exhaust hot air and moisture to create a comfortable living space. For example, forced ventilation may be necessary when cooking at a restaurant or when moisture is not discharged outside in the rainy season. The ventilation insulation structure has good air permeability, and even if an exhaust fan is installed, it is possible to avoid providing a structure that takes in outside air, but it takes in outside air to enable more reliable ventilation. There may be a ventilation opening for use.

  When providing a ventilation port for taking in outside air, simply providing a ventilation port so that the ventilation port is always open, the function of the ventilation insulation is impaired, and the heat insulation of the living room is suitably maintained. There is a possibility of disappearing. For this reason, even if a ventilation fan is installed for forced ventilation, ventilation efficiency can be improved by directly taking in outside air, and the function of the ventilation insulation structure of the building is impaired. A structure without any is required.

The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and can effectively ventilate a room when a forced ventilation device such as a ventilation fan is attached to a building having a ventilation insulation structure. and enabling, and an object thereof to provide a comfortable passing air architectural structure where Ru can be obtained living space throughout the year without compromising ventilation insulation effect of the building.

The present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
That is, an internal ventilation layer that communicates between the underfloor space and the attic is provided between the wall structure material and the indoor wall, and the communication between the underfloor space and the internal ventilation layer and the communication between the attic and the outdoor are provided. a vent architectural structure with a ventilation heat insulating structure for controlling communication or blocking according to the external temperature, is through installed the front Symbol chamber wall and the wall structure member across the front Symbol inner ventilation layer, room And a ventilation part including an inside air ventilation mechanism that communicates and blocks the interior ventilation layer and an outside air ventilation mechanism that communicates and blocks the room and the outside.
In addition, the ventilation component includes a cylinder disposed through the wall structure material and the interior wall, and a rotating cylinder attached to the cylinder so as to be rotatable around an axis, The outside air ventilation mechanism includes a shielding plate that opens and closes the opening of the cylinder, and an opening and closing mechanism that moves the shielding plate to an open position and a closing position, and the inside air ventilation mechanism is configured to rotate with the cylinder. An opening hole that opens in the inner ventilation layer is provided in the cylinder, and the rotating cylinder is rotated to a position where the opening hole provided in the cylinder and the rotating cylinder overlaps and a position where the opening hole is closed. An operation unit is provided.

According to engagement Ru passing air building structure in the present invention, communication with the chamber and the inner vent layer, it is possible to open and close control the communication with the indoor and outdoor air, to force ventilation by attaching a ventilation fan in the building Even in this case, the outside air or the inside air can be accurately introduced into the room for ventilation. Further, by appropriately controlling the inside air ventilation mechanism and the outside air ventilation mechanism, a suitable living environment can be obtained without impairing the ventilation circulation of the building by the ventilation heat insulation structure.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(Ventilation building structures)
First, the engagement Ru through the gas-building structure to the present invention will be described. In the building shown in FIG. 1, an outer ventilation layer 16 is provided between the wall structure material 10 and the outer wall 12 on the outside of the wall structure material 10 made of a heat insulating material. An internal ventilation layer 18 is provided between the material 10 and the indoor wall 14 is installed.

  A switch 17 is provided at the lower end of the outer wall 12. The switch 17 is for controlling the ventilation in the external ventilation layer 16. When the switch 17 is opened, the external ventilation layer 16 is vented upward from below, and the switch 17 is closed. The ventilation in the external ventilation layer 16 is blocked. The switch 17 can be configured using, for example, a module using a shape memory alloy. The switch 17 is controlled to be opened when the outside air temperature is high, such as in summer, and closed when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter.

On the other hand, the indoor wall 14 and the flooring 15 are attached to the base 22 supported by the foundation 20 with an opening. The internal ventilation layer 18 communicates with the underfloor space 23 through an opening provided between the base 22, the indoor wall 14, and the flooring 15.
The foundation 20 has an opening 20a communicating with the outside, and a ground window 21 with an opening / closing mechanism is attached to the opening 20a. The ground window 21 with the opening / closing mechanism includes a shielding plate that rotates between an open position and a closed position, and rotates the shielding plate to an open position and a closed position using a module using a shape memory alloy. Thus, it is controlled to be opened when the outside air temperature is high as in the summer, and closed when the outside air temperature is low as in the winter.

A switch 24 that controls communication between the internal ventilation layer 18 and the underfloor space 23 is also provided at a portion that connects the internal ventilation layer 18 and the underfloor space 23. This switch 24 is also controlled to open and close using a module using a spring body made of a shape memory alloy, and the switch 24 has an internal ventilation layer 18 and an underfloor space 23 when the outside air temperature is high, such as in summer. When the outside air temperature is low as in winter, the communication between the internal ventilation layer 18 and the underfloor space 23 is controlled to be closed.
In addition, a module using a spring body made of a shape memory alloy has a spring body made of a shape memory alloy and a spring made of a normal elastic material attached so that the elastic force (tensile force) is opposite, When the outside air temperature becomes high, the elastic force of the spring body made of shape memory alloy is set to exceed the elastic force of the spring made of ordinary elastic material so that the difference in elastic force can be used as the driving force. It is configured.

The living room 13 is formed by an indoor wall 14 made of a material having moisture permeability, a flooring 15, and a ceiling 19, and an internal ventilation layer 18 is formed on the hut 25 above the ceiling 19 above the indoor wall 14. Communicate. The cabin back 25 is provided with a cabin back 28 made of a heat insulating material so as to provide an air circulation space between the roof 26 and the roof 26. The attic 30 is between the attic 25 and the attic 28.
An opening 25a that connects the roof 26 and the roof 25 is provided at the top of the roof 25, and the roof 25 and the roof 30 communicate with each other through the opening 25a.

  A switch 34 using a spring body made of a shape memory alloy is also attached to an eaves 32 provided in communication with the attic 30. The switch 34 is attached to an opening provided in the eaves 32 and serves to connect the inside and outside of the eaves 32 when the outside air temperature is high, and to block the inside and outside communication of the eaves 32 when the outside air temperature is low.

  The ridge portion of the attic 30 is provided with an opening 30a, and a hat member 36 is installed on the upper portion of the ridge of the roof 26 so as to cover the opening 30a. The hat member 36 protects the rain wind from entering the opening 30a, and is provided so that the attic 30 communicates with the outdoors via the opening 30a. Inside the hat member 36 is provided a switch 37 using a spring body made of a shape memory alloy that opens and closes a shielding plate to interrupt communication between the attic 30 and the outdoors.

  As described above, according to the ventilated building structure of the present embodiment, the internal ventilation layer 18 and the underfloor space 23 provided around the living room 13 can be communicated, and the internal ventilation layer 18 is communicated with the hut 25. By providing communication between the attic 25 and the attic 30, a ventilation structure is provided in the entire building, and the opening / closing control of the switches 17, 24, 34, 37 and the ground window 21 with the opening / closing mechanism is performed, so that the living environment in the living room 13 A good environment can be maintained throughout the year.

That is, at the time of high temperature and humidity such as summer (shown in the left half of the line AA in FIG. 1), the ground window 21 with the opening / closing mechanism and the switches 17, 24, 34, and 37 are all open. In the external ventilation layer 16, the air warmed in the ventilation layer becomes a rising air current, and hot air is released to the outside. In the internal ventilation layer 18, the outside air flows from the ground window 21 with an opening / closing mechanism into the underfloor space 23, It flows out from the hat member 36 through the hut 25 and the attic 30 to the outside. In the attic 30, air flows in from the eaves 32 and an upward flow is generated from the eaves 32 toward the ridge.
Thus, the entire building is in a ventilation circulation state, and in the living room 13, hot air and moisture are transmitted from the indoor wall 14 to the internal ventilation layer 18, and the indoor environment is maintained in a comfortable state.

  Further, when the outside air temperature becomes low as in winter (shown in the right half of the line AA in FIG. 1), the ground window 21 with the opening / closing mechanism and the switches 17, 24, 34, and 37 Is also closed, and the outer ventilation layer 16 and the inner ventilation layer 18 are not vented. When ventilation through the external ventilation layer 16 and the internal ventilation layer 18 is stopped, the ventilation layer acts as a heat insulating layer, and the air kept warm in the living room 13 is not discharged outside, and the whole building is kept warm. The underfloor space 23 is heated by geothermal heat and contributes to the heat insulation of the building. Thus, the living room 13 is kept warm and is maintained as a comfortable living space.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which an exhaust fan 40 that forcibly ventilates is attached in consideration of cooking indoors or when the humidity in the living room 13 temporarily increases in the rainy season or the like. The exhaust fan 40 is installed from the indoor wall 14 through the wall structural member 10 and the outer wall 12.
In the present embodiment, the ventilation component 50 is attached to take in outside air when the exhaust fan 40 is operated. The ventilation component 50 is disposed so as to penetrate the indoor wall 14 and the wall structural member 10, and is provided so that the end surface is opened by the external ventilation layer 16.
This ventilation component 50 includes an outside air ventilation mechanism that introduces natural outside air by communicating the outer ventilation layer 16 and the living room 13, and an inside air that indirectly introduces outside air by communicating the inner ventilation layer 18 and the living room 13. A ventilation mechanism is provided. The state of the ventilation component 50 shown in the right half of the line AA in FIG. 1 indicates a state in which the external ventilation layer 16 and the living room 13 are communicated to introduce outside air.

(Ventilation parts)
The structure of the ventilation component 50 used for the building provided with the ventilation building structure in FIGS. FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the ventilation component 50 attached to a building. The ventilation component 50 includes a first cylinder 54 attached to the wall structure member 10, a second cylinder 56 inserted in an air-sealed state with the first cylinder 54, and a second cylinder 56. Further, a rotating cylinder 58 to be inserted and a mounting frame 60 for attaching the second cylinder 56 to the indoor wall 14 are provided.
The mounting frame 60 includes a first mounting frame 62 that fixes the second cylindrical body 56 to the interior wall 14 and a second mounting frame 64 that supports the rotating cylinder 58 so as to be rotatable around an axis. A side surface of the first mounting frame 62 is opened, and communicates with the inside of the rotating cylinder 58 via an opening 59 a provided on a side surface on the base side (inner side) of the rotating cylinder 58.

A pair of opening holes 59b are provided on the front side of the rotating cylinder 58, that is, on the side surface of the portion that extends toward the inner ventilation layer 18, so as to face each other across the axis.
Also, a lid 58a is provided at the rear end of the rotating cylinder 58 on the indoor side, and a flange 58b for projecting the rotating cylinder 58 around the axis from the lid 58a to the indoor side. . The second mounting frame 64 is formed with a projecting peripheral portion 64a along the outer peripheral edge portion, and an inner region of the projecting peripheral portion 64a is formed in a concave portion slightly drawn from the end surface of the projecting peripheral portion 64a. The flange portion 58b protrudes in a short cylindrical shape within this recess.

The first cylindrical body 54 is a member formed in a cylindrical shape, and is attached to the outer surface of the wall structure material 10 with the flange 54 a in contact with the wall structure material 10.
The second cylinder 56 is mounted so that the front end side is inserted into the first cylinder 54 and crosses the internal ventilation layer 18. The front end portion of the second cylinder 56 is provided with a vent hole 56a having a circular front shape, and the shielding plate 52 is formed to have a size capable of closing the vent hole 56a. The front end of the body 56 is rotatably supported. A support portion 66 that rotatably supports the shielding plate 52 is provided on the upper end surface of the second cylindrical body 56, and a shaft 52 a provided on the upper portion of the shielding plate 52 is provided on the support portion 66. It is supported.

The shielding plate 52 rotates around the shaft 52a as a fulcrum between a position where the vent hole 56a provided at the front end of the second cylindrical body 56 is closed and a position where the vent hole 56a is opened. As an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the shielding plate 52, in this embodiment, a moving piece 70 connected to the back side of the shielding plate 52 and a screw shaft that is screwed into the moving piece 70 to move the moving piece 70 forward and backward. 72 and a guide body 74 for guiding the moving piece 70 in the forward and backward movement direction.
An engaging shaft 76 that engages with an arm 52 b fixed to the back surface of the shielding plate 52 is provided at the front portion of the moving piece 70. The arm 52b and the engagement shaft 76 are connected via a long hole.

  A screw thread is provided at a front portion of the screw shaft 72 over a necessary range for moving the moving piece 70. The rear portion of the screw shaft 72 extends beyond the lid portion 58a of the rotating cylinder 58 to the indoor side, and a knob 78 is fixed to the extended end. The knob 78 is disposed concentrically with the flange portion 58 b on the inner side of the flange portion 58 b provided on the rotating cylinder 58. The knob 78 protrudes from the end surface of the rotating cylinder 58 to the same extent as the flange portion 58b.

  In FIG. 3, the state which looked at the opening / closing mechanism which opens and closes the shielding board 52 from the front direction is shown. The moving piece 70 is formed in a square shape with a main body portion being a front shape, and the guide body 74 is formed in a frame shape surrounding the moving piece 70 so that the peripheral side surface of the moving piece 70 is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral side surface. A support arm 74 a is connected to both sides of the guide body 74, and an end of the support arm 74 a is connected to the second cylindrical body 56. As shown in FIG. 2, a screw shaft 72 is inserted into the guide body 74, and the screw shaft 72 rotates freely with respect to the guide body 74. The front end of the screw shaft 72 is supported by the guide body 74 and the support arm 74 a, and the rear end is supported by an attachment hole provided in the rotating cylinder 58.

The second cylindrical body 56 is provided with a pair of opening holes 56b in an arrangement overlapping with the opening hole 59b provided in the rotating cylinder 58 in the axial direction, and at an opposing position across the axis.
The opening hole 56 b communicates with the internal ventilation layer 18 and the living room 13 via the rotating cylinder 58 and the mounting frame 60 when the hole position matches or overlaps with the opening hole 59 b provided in the rotating cylinder 58. It is provided as follows.

  FIG. 4 shows a state (front view) when the ventilation component 50 is viewed from the side of the living room 13. The mounting frame 60 is formed in a square front shape. A knob 78 of the screw shaft 72 is disposed at the center position of the second mounting frame 64, and a flange portion 58 b of the rotating cylinder 58 is disposed concentrically with the knob 78.

(Function of ventilation parts)
An opening / closing mechanism including a first cylinder 54 and a second cylinder 56, a shielding plate 52, a moving piece 70, and a screw shaft 72 provided in the ventilation component 50 constitutes an outside air ventilation mechanism, and the second cylinder 56 The rotating cylinder 58 constitutes an inside air ventilation mechanism.
By using the outside air ventilation mechanism and the inside air ventilation mechanism, the communication state between the living room 13 and the internal ventilation layer 18 and the communication state between the living room 13 and the outside (natural ventilation) can be controlled to open and close.

First, when the living room 13 and the internal ventilation layer 18 are communicated with each other, the rotating cylinder 58 is rotated in the opening direction by holding the flange portion 58b of the rotating cylinder 58. The rotation cylinder 58 is in the open position when the opening hole 56b provided in the second cylinder 56 and the position of the opening hole 59b provided in the rotation cylinder 58 coincide.
The first mounting frame 62 is provided with an open side surface, and the cylinder formed by being surrounded by the second cylinder 56 and the rotating cylinder 58 communicates with the living room 13 through the opening 59a. Therefore, when the hole positions of the opening hole 56b of the second cylindrical body 56 and the opening hole 59b of the rotating cylinder 58 coincide with each other, the internal ventilation layer 18 and the living room 13 are connected via the ventilation component 50. Communicate.

  On the end face of the rotating cylinder 58 in the mounting frame 60, the state of the opening position of the rotating cylinder 58 and the state of the closing position are displayed, and the maximum opening position and the complete blocking position of the rotating cylinder 58 are indicated by the stopper. By restricting, the ventilation operation by the rotating cylinder 58 can be performed accurately. It is also possible to control the ventilation amount by the ventilation component 50 by adjusting the opening area of the opening holes 56b and 59b with the turning position of the rotating cylinder 58 as an intermediate position.

When the natural ventilation is controlled, the knob 78 is turned. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the vent hole 56 a of the second cylindrical body 56 is closed by the shielding plate 52. That is, the ventilation hole 56a is closed by turning the knob 78 to move the moving piece 70 to the retracted position and to the closing position. In this state, if turning it also closed position rotary sleeve 58, the form of an aerated heat insulation structure loose it roasts.
From this state, by turning the knob 78 in the opening direction (the direction opposite to the closing direction), the moving piece 70 moves forward, and at the same time, the shielding plate 52 opens in the opening direction (clockwise in FIG. 2). Direction). In the embodiment, the maximum opening angle of the shielding plate 52 is set to 30 degrees. In FIG. 2, the position of the shielding plate 52 at the maximum opening position is indicated by a broken line.
Opening the shielding plate 52 introduces outside air from the first cylinder 54 to the second cylinder 56, and introduces outside air into the living room 13 via the rotating cylinder 58 and the attachment frame 60.

  The action of rotating the rotary cylinder 58 controls the communication between the living room 13 and the internal ventilation layer 18, whereas the living room 13 and the outside air do not communicate directly, whereas the shielding plate There is a difference that the operation of opening and closing 52 is a control in which the living room 13 and the outside air (natural ventilation) are in direct communication. Therefore, depending on the environment of the living room 13, it is appropriately selected depending on whether the control is to operate the rotating cylinder 58 or the control to operate the shielding plate 52. Of course, the operation of the rotating cylinder 58 and the shielding plate 52 can be used together. For example, when the rotating cylinder 58 and the shielding plate 52 are simultaneously opened, the ventilation state between the living room 13 and the outside is maximized. In the case where the outdoor humidity is high, it is also effective to control the ventilation through only the internal ventilation layer 18 without introducing the outside air.

  In the above embodiment, the first cylindrical body 54 is provided so as to open on the outer surface of the wall structural member 10 inside the outer wall 12. However, as shown in FIG. It can also be provided so as to penetrate from the material 10 to the outer wall 12 and open at the outer surface of the outer wall 12. In this case, the first cylindrical body 54 having a long cylindrical length that penetrates from the wall structural member 10 to the outer wall 12 may be used. By setting it as the structure opened to the outer surface of the wall structure material 10, installation of a ventilation component becomes easy.

  According to the ventilated building structure to which the ventilating component 50 of the present embodiment is attached, it is possible to forcibly ventilate the living room 13 by directly communicating the living room 13 with the outside and introducing the outside air into the living room 13. In addition, by making the internal ventilation layer 18 and the living room 13 communicate with each other, the air permeability of the living room 13 can be improved as compared with the conventional ventilation heat insulating structure. As a result, for example, even when an exhaust fan is attached to the living room 13, it is possible to take in sufficient outside air. It can also be set as the ventilation circulation state by a ventilation heat insulation structure. Thus, by using the ventilation component 50, more appropriate control of the living environment of the building becomes possible.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the ventilation building structure which provided the ventilation component. It is side surface sectional drawing of the state which attached the ventilation component. It is the front view which looked at ventilation components from the 1st cylinder side. It is the front view which looked at the ventilation component from the residence room side. It is side surface sectional drawing at the time of providing a ventilation component in the arrangement | positioning penetrated from a wall structure material to an outer wall.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Wall structural material 12 Exterior wall 13 Residential room 14 Indoor wall 16 External ventilation layer 17, 24, 34, 37 Switch 18 Internal ventilation layer 23 Underfloor space 40 Exhaust fan 50 Venting part 52 Shielding plate 52a Shaft 52b Arm 54 First cylinder Body 56 Second cylinder 56a Vent hole 56b Open hole 58 Rotating cylinder 59a Open part 59b Open hole 58b Flange part 60 Mounting frame 62 First mounting frame 64 Second mounting frame 70 Moving piece 72 Screw shaft 74 Guide body 74a Support arm 78 Knob

Claims (2)

An internal ventilation layer communicating with the underfloor space and the attic is provided between the wall structural material and the indoor wall, and the communication between the underfloor space and the internal ventilation layer and the communication between the attic and the outside are outside air temperature. It is a ventilated building structure with a ventilation insulation structure that controls communication and shutoff according to
It is through installed at the front Symbol chamber wall and the wall structure member across the front Symbol inner ventilation layer,
A ventilated building structure comprising: a ventilating component including an indoor air venting mechanism for communicating / blocking the room and the internal ventilation layer; and an outdoor air venting mechanism for communicating / blocking the room and the outside. The ventilation component includes a cylinder disposed through the wall structure material and the indoor wall, and a rotating cylinder attached to the cylinder so as to be rotatable about an axis,
The outside air ventilation mechanism includes a shielding plate that opens and closes the opening of the cylindrical body, and an opening and closing mechanism that moves the shielding plate to an open position and a closed position,
The inside air ventilation mechanism is provided with an opening hole that opens in the inner ventilation layer in the cylinder body and the rotating cylinder, and the position where the opening hole provided in the cylinder body and the rotating cylinder overlaps is closed. ventilation building structure according to claim 1, wherein in the position, characterized in that it comprises an operating portion for rotating the rotary sleeve being.

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