JP4490215B2 - Data display device and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a data display device that plots and displays a plurality of numerical data.

Conventionally, for data analysis, a two-dimensional scatter diagram is generated and displayed by plotting a plurality of numerical data on a screen.
Such visualization of numerical data has a problem that, when the number of data is large, data display is duplicated and the like, and efficient data display cannot be performed. In order to deal with such a problem, for example, when the display position of numerical data is duplicated, an apparatus for avoiding the duplication by shifting the display position of the data has been devised (Patent Document 1). reference).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-121568 (5th page, FIG. 8)

However, as described above, the method of changing the display position of overlapping numerical data causes the original numerical data position to be distorted and displayed, so that accurate data display cannot be performed.
In addition, for example, a method of avoiding duplicated data display by displaying a deformed small plot for the duplicated numerical data is also conceivable. However, in such a method, the number of data is large and the overlapping part of the image is large. Then, it is necessary to make the plot extremely small, and the visibility is significantly lowered.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a data display device and the like that can be accurately visualized without reducing visibility even when a large amount of data is to be displayed. With the goal.

In order to achieve the above object, a data display device according to the first aspect of the present invention provides:
Means for reading a plurality of data to be processed;
Means for identifying a display area on the screen of the plot corresponding to the processing target data based on the value of each processing target data;
Of the display area of each plot is the specified, for each coordinate position in the display area are offset from each other, the number of times that the coordinate position is included in the display area of the plot, counting for counting as a duplicate number of plots in the coordinates Means,
Setting means in response to said redundant number of plots in each coordinate position Ri is counted by the counting means, to vary the shading of each pixel on the screen for setting the pixel value of each coordinate position, respectively,
Drawing means for drawing a plurality of plots corresponding to the plurality of processing target data based on the pixel values of the set coordinate positions;
It is characterized by providing.

For each coordinate position in the display area of each plot, the setting means may obtain a value obtained by multiplying the number of times the plot is overlapped at the coordinate position by a predetermined unit number and set it as a pixel value at the coordinate position. Good.

It may further comprise means for reading class information indicating a class to which each of the processing target data belongs,
The counting means may count the number of overlapping plots at each coordinate position based on the class information for each class to which the processing target data belongs,
The setting means, in accordance with the duplication number of plots in each coordinate position counted Ri by said counting means, to set the pixel value of each coordinate position so as to vary the shading of each pixel on the screen for each class You can,
The drawing unit may draw a plurality of plots corresponding to the plurality of data to be processed based on pixel values at each coordinate position set for each class.

A program according to the second aspect of the present invention is
Computer
Means for reading a plurality of data to be processed;
Means for identifying a display area on the screen of a plot corresponding to the processing target data based on the value of each processing target data;
Of the display area of each plot is the specified, for each coordinate position in the display area are offset from each other, the number of times that the coordinate position is included in the display area of the plot, counting for counting as a duplicate number of plots in the coordinates means,
Setting means in response to said redundant number of plots in each coordinate position Ri is counted by the counting means, to vary the shading of each pixel on the screen for setting the pixel value of each coordinate position, respectively,
Drawing means for drawing a plurality of plots corresponding to the plurality of processing target data based on the pixel values of the set coordinate positions;
To function as.

  According to the present invention, even when a large amount of data is visualized in a scatter diagram, information can be viewed more accurately.

Hereinafter, a data display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A physical configuration of the data display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the data display device includes a control unit 11, a main storage unit 12, an external storage unit 13, an input unit 14, and a display unit 15.
The control unit 11 is configured by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like, reads a data display program stored in the external storage unit 13, and executes processing to be described later.
The main storage unit 12 includes a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like, and is used as a work area for the control unit 11.
The input unit 14 includes an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, and supplies input information to the control unit 11.
The display unit 15 includes a CRT, a liquid crystal display, and the like, and displays an image in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 11.
The external storage unit 13 includes a hard disk device or the like, and stores a data display program executed by the control unit 11 and various data (duplicate information and the like). The external storage unit 13 includes an analysis target data DB (database) and the like.
The analysis target data DB stores analysis target data. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the analysis target data includes a plurality of data items in which numerical values are set as data values, such as data ID, age, blood pressure, height, weight, and the like.

FIG. 3 illustrates a logical configuration of the data display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As illustrated, the data display device includes a clustering unit 21, an X / Y variable selection unit 22, a plot shape region calculation unit 23, an RGB calculation unit 24, and a display control unit 25. Each of these units is realized by the control unit 11 reading and executing a data display program or the like stored in the external storage unit 13.

  The clustering unit 21 reads the analysis target data from the analysis target data DB and performs clustering processing. Specifically, the clustering unit 21 measures the distance between each data when the analysis target data is represented as a point on the plane according to the clustering method for the analysis target data read from the analysis target data DB. The process of collecting and clustering those close to each other is performed until the number of clusters reaches a predetermined number. When the clustering is completed, class information indicating a group (class) to which the analysis target data belongs is generated for each analysis target data, and is associated with the analysis target data and stored in the analysis target data DB. An example of class information is shown in FIG.

  The X / Y variable selection unit 22 selects and extracts X / Y variable data for each analysis target data stored in the analysis target data DB, and extracts the data ID of the analysis target data and the extracted X variable data, X / Y information is generated from the Y variable data and stored in the analysis target data DB. An example of the XY information is shown in FIG. As to which data item is used as an X / Y variable, for example, an input for designating an X / Y variable by the user may be accepted, or an X / Y variable stored in advance in the external storage unit 13 or the like may be accepted. Information indicating the data item may be read, and the X / Y variables may be determined based on this information.

  The plot shape region calculation unit 23 specifies the position (region) where the plot of each analysis target data is displayed based on the X / Y information and the plot shape data related to the shape of the plot. For each X / Y coordinate, the number of times the plot is displayed at each coordinate position is counted. Specifically, in the two-dimensional scatter diagram in which the values of the X variable and the Y variable are plotted on the vertical axis and the horizontal axis from the values of the X variable and the Y variable in the X / Y information and the plot shape data, The position (area) where the plot is displayed is calculated, and each coordinate position in the area is specified. Then, in the duplicate information corresponding to the specified coordinate position, “1” is set to the display flag corresponding to the class information of the analysis target data, and the value of the plot display count is increased by “1” and updated.

  As shown in FIG. 6, for example, the overlap information includes an X variable value and a Y variable value (coordinate position), a display flag associated with each class number, and a plot display count. An initial value (0) is set in advance for the display flag and the plot display count in the overlap information.

  The plot shape data is data relating to the shape of the plot, the center position of the plot, and the like. In the present embodiment, the plot of each analysis target data is drawn with the value of the X / Y variable corresponding to the center position of the plot. Specifically, for example, the plot shape data is set such that the shape of the plot is a square of A × A pixels, the center of the plot is the B pixel from the left, and the C pixel from the top. In the case where the value of the X / Y variable is (x1, y1), the display area of the plot of the analysis target data is (x1-B + 1, y1-B + 1), (x1 + A-B, y1-B + 1), (x1-B + 1). , Y1 + AB) (x1 + AB, y1 + AB), the region is surrounded by four points. For example, an expression for specifying such a display area may be stored in advance in the external storage unit 13 or the like, and the display area may be obtained using this.

The RGB calculation unit 24 performs a process of calculating the density of each pixel constituting the display area of each plot for each color (for each of R, G, and B) based on the overlap information. Specifically, each class is associated with one of R, G, and B, and for each coordinate, a numerical value obtained by multiplying the number of plot display times and the predetermined unit number by class for each coordinate. The obtained values (pixel values) are stored for each of the X and Y coordinates. An example of RGB information is shown in FIG.
In the present invention, the shade of the pixel in the display area is changed stepwise as the plot display in the pixel overlaps, and the predetermined unit number is, for example, a level that can be taken by R, G, and B, respectively. The number obtained by dividing the logarithm (for example, 256) by the number of gradation steps (for example, 10). For example, when the number of gradations that R, G, and B can take is “256” and the number of gradation steps is “10”, the predetermined unit number is “25”.

  The display control unit 25 performs a process of drawing a scatter diagram of the analysis target data stored in the analysis target data DB based on the overlap information and the RGB information. Specifically, when plotting is drawn based on the values of the X variable and Y variable of the analysis target data, the set pixel values (R, G, B) are referred to by referring to the RGB information corresponding to the drawing position. Draw a plot based on color information.

Next, data display processing by the data display device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, the control unit 11 determines the number of clusters (step S1). Specifically, an input of the number of clusters may be received, or a preset number of clusters may be read from the external storage unit 13 or the like and used.

  Next, the control unit 11 reads the analysis target data from the analysis target data DB, performs clustering processing, generates class information for each analysis target data, and stores the class information in the analysis target data DB in association with the analysis target data. (Step S2).

  Next, the control part 11 determines the data item used as the variable of X and Y in a two-dimensional scatter diagram, and produces | generates X * Y information about analysis object data (step S3). Specifically, an input for specifying each variable of X and Y may be received, and information of each variable of X and Y set in advance may be read from the external storage unit 13 or the like and used. For example, when the data items of “blood pressure” as the X variable and “weight” as the Y variable are determined, the “blood pressure” is set for each data ID from the analysis target data DB (see FIG. 2) from the control unit 11. ”And“ weight ”are extracted, and XY information (see FIG. 5) including data ID, blood pressure, and weight data is generated.

  Moreover, the control part 11 determines the shape of a plot (step S4). Specifically, input of information related to the shape and center position of the plot may be received and stored in the main storage unit 12 as plot shape data, or information regarding the shape and center position of the preset plot may be stored. May be read from the external storage unit 13 or the like.

  Further, the control unit 11 determines the color of each class and sets it as the class / color information in the main storage unit 12 (step S5). Specifically, input of information specifying a color for each class may be accepted, and information that associates each class with a color (R, G, B) set in advance is read from the external storage unit 13 or the like. May be used.

  Further, the control unit 11 determines the number of gradation levels (transparency gradation) of the pixels in the plot display area (step S6). Specifically, the input of the number of steps may be received and set in the main storage unit 12, or a preset number of steps may be read from the external storage unit 13 or the like and used.

  Next, the control unit 11 reads one piece of X / Y information, and based on the plot shape data related to the shape of the plot, the position (region) where the plot of the analysis target data corresponding to the X / Y information is displayed. Obtained (step S7).

  Then, the control unit 11 acquires class information corresponding to the read X / Y information, extracts one coordinate (X, Y) in the display area obtained in step S7, and duplicate information corresponding to the coordinate. Is updated by incrementing the number of plot display times of the class indicated by the class information by 1, thereby counting the number of plot display times at the coordinates for each class (step S8).

  And the control part 11 discriminate | determines whether the count of the display frequency was complete | finished about all the coordinates (X, Y) in the display area of a plot (step S9), and when not complete | finished (step S9: NO) ), Returning to step S8, the plot display count is counted for the next coordinate in the area.

  For example, when the plot is a square of 4 × 4 pixels, the center position is the second pixel from the second pixel from the left, and X / Y information as shown in FIG. 5 is generated and stored, First, with respect to the X variable value “110” and the Y variable value “60” of the data ID “A01”, the display areas of the plots, that is, (109, 59), (112, 59), (109, 62), A region R surrounded by four points (112, 62) is obtained. Then, for example, after obtaining the class number “1” of the data ID “A01” with reference to the class information shown in FIG. 4, a plot display of the class number “1” is made for the duplicate information corresponding to each coordinate in the region R. Update by increasing the number of times by one.

  Further, when the display count has been completed for all the coordinates within the display area of the plot (step S9: YES), the control unit 11 determines whether the reading of all the X / Y information has been completed (step S10). ), If not completed (step S10: NO), the process returns to step S7 to read the next XY information and perform the above-described processing.

Further, when reading of all X / Y information is completed (step S10: YES), RGB information is generated based on the duplicate information (step S11).
For example, when the number of stages determined in step S6 is “10”, a value obtained by multiplying the display count in the duplicate information by 10 is obtained for each coordinate position for each class. For example, the class number “1” and the color “R”, the class number “2” and the color “G”, and the class number “3” and the color “B” are set in the class / color information. Assuming that the display number of class number “1” in the duplicate information is n1, the display number corresponding to class number “2” is n2, and the display number corresponding to class number “3” is n3, (n1 × 10) Is generated as R information, (n2 × 10) as G value, and (n3 × 10) as B value.

  And the control part 11 draws the image of the plot corresponding to each analysis object data based on the pixel value (R value, G value, B value) of each coordinate position which the produced | generated RGB information shows (step S12). .

For example, when the plot shape is a square of 4 × 4 pixels and the number of shade steps is set to “10”, the display areas of three data of the same class as shown in FIG. 9A overlap. When the overlapping information and the RGB information of the content to be generated are generated, as shown in FIG. 9B, the overlapping area of the plot is drawn stepwise in accordance with the overlapping number.
In addition, when plot displays overlap in different classes, the overlapping areas of the plots are drawn darker in stages according to the colors.

  In plot display, an example in which each plot is drawn in the same color without changing the shade of the display area is shown in FIG. 10A, and the shade is changed according to the overlap of the plots by the data display process described above. A drawn example is shown in FIG. As shown in the drawing, when drawing is performed by changing the shading according to the overlapping number of plots, even if the amount of data to be displayed is large, the number of data can be easily grasped visually.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the display area of the plot is displayed by changing the shading according to the overlap of the plots, so that the user can easily determine how much the plots overlap due to the shading. Therefore, even when a large amount of data is visualized using a scatter diagram, information can be viewed more accurately. Further, when the plots of data of a plurality of classes overlap, the color of the class having a large number of plots becomes dark, so that the user can determine which class has more plots.

The present invention can be variously modified and applied.
For example, the clustering process does not necessarily have to be executed. For example, after the start of the data display process of FIG. 8, before the step S1, an input as to whether or not to perform clustering is accepted, and when an input indicating that the clustering is not performed is made, the control unit 11 performs the clustering at the step S2. Class information in which the same class number is set may be generated without performing processing. If the setting information indicating whether or not to perform clustering processing is read in advance and stored in the external storage unit 13 or the like before step S1 and it is set not to perform clustering processing, the control unit 11 The class information in which the same class number is set may be generated without performing the clustering process in step S2.

The system of the present invention can be realized using a normal computer system, not a dedicated system. For example, a program for executing the above operation is stored in a computer-readable recording medium (FD, CD-ROM, DVD, etc.) and distributed, and the program is installed in the computer to execute the above processing. A data display device or the like may be configured. Alternatively, it may be stored in a disk device of a server device on a network such as the Internet and downloaded to a computer, for example.
In addition, when the OS realizes the above functions by sharing the OS or jointly with the OS and the application, etc., only the part other than the OS may be stored and distributed in the medium, or may be downloaded to the computer. Good.

It is a figure which illustrates the physical structure of the data display apparatus of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of analysis object data. It is a figure which illustrates the logical structure of the data display apparatus of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of class information. It is a figure which shows an example of XY information. It is a figure which shows an example of duplication information. It is a figure which shows an example of RGB information. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the data display process by the data display apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating concretely a display mode in case the display area of a plot overlaps. In plot display, it is a diagram showing an example in which each plot is drawn in the same color without changing the shade of the display area, and an example in which the shade is changed in accordance with the overlapping number of plots by data display processing. is there.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Control part 12 Main memory part 13 External memory part 14 Input part 15 Display part 21 Clustering part 22 XY variable selection part 23 Plot shape area | region calculation part 24 RGB calculation part 25 Display control part

Claims (4)

Means for reading a plurality of data to be processed;
Means for identifying a display area on the screen of the plot corresponding to the processing target data based on the value of each processing target data;
Of the display area of each plot is the specified, for each coordinate position in the display area are offset from each other, the number of times that the coordinate position is included in the display area of the plot, counting for counting as a duplicate number of plots in the coordinates Means,
Setting means in response to said redundant number of plots in each coordinate position Ri is counted by the counting means, to vary the shading of each pixel on the screen for setting the pixel value of each coordinate position, respectively,
Drawing means for drawing a plurality of plots corresponding to the plurality of processing target data based on the pixel values of the set coordinate positions;
A data display device comprising: For each coordinate position in the display area of each plot, the setting means obtains a value obtained by multiplying the number of times the plot is overlapped at the coordinate position and a predetermined unit number, and sets the value as a pixel value at the coordinate position.
The data display device according to claim 1. Means for reading class information indicating a class to which each of the processing target data belongs;
The counting means counts the number of overlapping plots at each coordinate position based on the class information for each class to which the processing target data belongs,
The setting means, in accordance with the duplication number of plots in each coordinate position counted Ri by said counting means, to set the pixel value of each coordinate position so as to vary the shading of each pixel on the screen for each class ,
The drawing means draws a plurality of plots corresponding to the plurality of data to be processed based on pixel values at each coordinate position set for each class.
The data display device according to claim 1, wherein the data display device is a data display device. Computer
Means for reading a plurality of data to be processed;
Means for identifying a display area on the screen of a plot corresponding to the processing target data based on the value of each processing target data;
Of the display area of each plot is the specified, for each coordinate position in the display area are offset from each other, the number of times that the coordinate position is included in the display area of the plot, counting for counting as a duplicate number of plots in the coordinates means,
Setting means in response to said redundant number of plots in each coordinate position Ri is counted by the counting means, to vary the shading of each pixel on the screen for setting the pixel value of each coordinate position, respectively,
Drawing means for drawing a plurality of plots corresponding to the plurality of processing target data based on the pixel values of the set coordinate positions;
Program to function as.

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