JP4441151B2 - Modified polyolefin resin, modified polyolefin resin composition and use thereof - Google Patents

Modified polyolefin resin, modified polyolefin resin composition and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4441151B2
JP4441151B2 JP2001295941A JP2001295941A JP4441151B2 JP 4441151 B2 JP4441151 B2 JP 4441151B2 JP 2001295941 A JP2001295941 A JP 2001295941A JP 2001295941 A JP2001295941 A JP 2001295941A JP 4441151 B2 JP4441151 B2 JP 4441151B2
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polyolefin resin
modified polyolefin
weight
modified
propylene
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JP2002173514A (en
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一裕 薄井
謙一 藤野
央全 藤高
忠視 松井
英敏 吉岡
俊司 関口
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Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd
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Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2001295941A priority Critical patent/JP4441151B2/en
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Priority to ES01972591T priority patent/ES2267819T3/en
Priority to EP20010972591 priority patent/EP1321481B1/en
Priority to CA 2396095 priority patent/CA2396095C/en
Priority to AU92299/01A priority patent/AU774447B2/en
Priority to US10/168,521 priority patent/US6800688B2/en
Priority to MXPA02006402A priority patent/MXPA02006402A/en
Priority to KR1020027006802A priority patent/KR20020068357A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2001/008550 priority patent/WO2002026846A1/en
Priority to DE2001621609 priority patent/DE60121609T2/en
Publication of JP2002173514A publication Critical patent/JP2002173514A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D151/00Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D151/06Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • C08F255/04Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms on to ethene-propene copolymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/08Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having four or more carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/06Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00Inks
    • C09D11/02Printing inks
    • C09D11/03Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00Inks
    • C09D11/02Printing inks
    • C09D11/10Printing inks based on artificial resins
    • C09D11/106Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/002Priming paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/65Additives macromolecular
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J151/00Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J151/06Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Epoxy Resins (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、基材表面、特に非極性熱可塑性樹脂を素材とする基材表面に対する付着力と、非芳香族系非極性溶剤への溶解性を改善した変性ポリオレフィン樹脂とその組成物、及び用途に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
熱可塑性樹脂は、熱により変形する性質を利用して、シート、フィルムなど平面形状のみならず、球状、円筒状、箱状など一定の形状に成形して各種形態の商品として利用されている。しかし、熱可塑性樹脂は基本的に透明で、比較的柔らかく、傷が付きやすいので、保護や美観の改善を目的として、その表面に印刷や塗装が行われる。
【0003】
熱可塑性樹脂には、極性を有する樹脂と非極性のものがある。非極性樹脂の中でも、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂は、安価で成形性、耐薬品性、耐水性、電気特性、安全性など多くの優れた性質を有するため、近年広く採用されている。しかし、ポリオレフィン系樹脂は、アクリル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂等の極性樹脂とは異なり、非極性でかつ結晶性のため、その表面にインキ、塗料、あるいは接着剤を強固に付着させることが困難である。
【0004】
こうしたポリオレフィン系樹脂を用いた非極性樹脂基材に対して、付着性を有する樹脂として、不飽和カルボン酸変性をはじめとする酸変性ポリオレフィン樹脂が提案されている。酸変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は非極性基材への付着性を有するが、その付着力は低く、乾燥塗膜にはタックがあり、例えばフィルム形状の基材表面に、酸変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を塗布乾燥して被膜を形成した後巻き取ると、被膜表面のゴミの付着や、巻き取り後のブロッキングといった問題が避けられなかった。
【0005】
また、一般に酸変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、溶剤溶解性や、異なる種類の他樹脂との相溶性に乏しく、塗装のための塗料や印刷用インキの製造に際し、使用可能な溶剤や、混合可能な他樹脂が限定される結果、十分な性能の塗料やインキあるいは接着剤などを製造するのが難しいという問題点があった。
【0006】
また、近年、環境問題の観点から、芳香族溶剤を全く含有しない溶剤に溶解する樹脂が求められるようになっている。しかしながら、従来の酸変性ポリオレフィンを溶解するために使用する溶剤については、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族溶剤の使用が必須であり、従来の酸変性ポリオレフィンの技術では、付着性等の諸物性を維持したまま非芳香族溶剤に溶解することは極めて困難であった。
【0007】
酸変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の、溶剤溶解性、他樹脂との相溶性、乾燥被膜のタック等の問題を改善する手段として、特開平9−40724、特開平7−82328、特開平3−227341、特開平2−245042等に、無水マレイン酸とアクリル酸等の不飽和カルボン酸の無水物と非無水物を組み合わせて使用するように、異なる性質を持つ2種以上の不飽和カルボン酸あるいはその誘導体を、ポリオレフィン樹脂にグラフト共重合させる方法が開示されている。また、単純にグラフト重合する方法以外にも、特開平11−217537に、ポリオレフィンにアクリル酸や無水マレイン酸等の不飽和カルボン酸やその誘導体をグラフト共重合させた後、更にポリエステルまたはアルコール等を反応させて変性する方法が提案されている。この方法により得られる変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、溶剤溶解性、溶液の長期貯蔵安定性等を改善できると報告されている。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、ポリオレフィン樹脂、特にプロピレン含量の多いポリオレフィン樹脂にアクリル酸あるいは無水マレイン酸などの不飽和カルボン酸やその無水物モノマーをグラフト共重合した場合、ポリオレフィンの減成(分子量低下)を伴うことが知られている[Journal of Polymer Science 33. 829. (1995)等]。プロピレン含量の多いポリオレフィン樹脂を前述の方法で変性して得られる変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は分子量低下を招き、非極性基材に対する付着力は、未だ不十分であり、かつ形成した被膜のタックの問題も解決できなかった。
【0009】
一方、上記変性モノマーの使用量を増やす等の反応条件の変更によってグラフト部分の高分子量化が容易に達成できることも良く知られている。しかし、この場合には、非芳香族溶剤への溶解性は向上するものの、付着力現出の主成分であるポリオレフィンの含量が相対的に減少するために、やはり難付着性非極性基材に対する十分な付着力が得られなかった。
【0010】
また、比較的極性の高い(メタ)アクリル酸、あるいはその低級アルキルエステルをグラフト共重合した場合、ポリオレフィン骨格にグラフトしないホモポリマーやコポリマーが多量に生成し、溶剤溶解性が低下したり、乾燥被膜の耐溶剤性等が低下するため、実用には至らないものであった。
【0011】
このように、従来の方法により得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂では、非極性樹脂に対する付着力の向上は十分でなかった。特に、高結晶性、難付着性のポリオレフィン成型物や、コロナ処理等の付着性改善のための表面処理を行っていない未処理ポリオレフィン樹脂に対しては、接着条件を強化した場合でも接着力が不十分であり、一層の付着力改善が望まれていた。
【0012】
そこで、本発明の目的は、非極性基材、特に難付着性あるいは付着性改善のための予備的表面処理がなされていない難付着性非極性基材に対しても優れた付着性を有する樹脂を得ることである。更に、非芳香族系溶剤への溶解性に優れるとともに、他樹脂との相溶性が良好であり、この樹脂自身あるいはこの樹脂を含む塗料やインキなどの組成物を塗布乾燥して得られる被膜のタックを改善するといった特質を兼ね備えた樹脂を提供することにある。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは鋭意検討を行った結果、ポリオレフィン樹脂に不飽和ポリカルボン酸あるいはその誘導体と特定の(メタ)アクリル酸エステルをモノマーとして併用し、グラフト共重合して変性すると、付着力を損なわない程度のモノマー使用量で上記課題が解決されるだけでなく、難付着性ポリオレフィン成型物や未処理ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンフィルムに対しても、高温での接着処理条件から室温〜100℃程度の低温接着条件まで、幅広い条件で優れた付着力を示すことを見いだした。更にこの場合、芳香族溶剤はもちろん、非芳香族溶剤に対しても優れた溶解性を有することを見いだし、本発明に至った。
【0014】
即ち、本発明は、(1)ポリオレフィン樹脂、不飽和ポリカルボン酸あるいはその誘導体(A)、及び(メタ)アクリル酸オクチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸トリデシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリルから選ばれる少なくとも1種である(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(B)を添加して、溶剤に加熱溶解するか、またはバンバリーミキサー、ニーダー又は押出機を使用して溶融し、グラフト変性した変性ポリオレフィン樹脂であって、該変性ポリオレフィン樹脂に(A)、(B)が各々0.1〜20重量%、0.1〜30重量%含有され、かつ重量平均分子量が15,000〜150,000である変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
(2)前記不飽和ポリカルボン酸あるいはその誘導体(A)が、無水イタコン酸および/又は無水マレイン酸である(1)記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
(3)前記ポリオレフィン樹脂が、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン−ブテン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−ブテン共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも1種である(1)又は(2)に記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
(4)(1)〜(3)いずれかに記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂に、エポキシ、ポリイソシアネート、ポリオール、ポリアミン、あるいはそれらの官能基が保護基でブロックされた硬化剤から選ばれる硬化剤を配合することを特徴とする、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物。
(5)(1)〜(3)いずれかに記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は(4)記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含む接着剤。
(6)(1)〜(3)いずれかに記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は(4)記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含むプライマー。
(7)(1)〜(3)いずれかに記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は(4)記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含む塗料。
(8)(1)〜(3)いずれかに記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は(4)記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含むインキ。に関するものである。以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、熱可塑性樹脂、特に非極性熱可塑性樹脂を基材とする被着体に対し適している。非極性樹脂とは、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン−ブテン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−ブテン共重合体、テルペン樹脂、スチレン樹脂などである。本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、これらの非極性樹脂を基材とする被着体が、プラズマ、コロナ等による付着性改善のための表面処理がなされていない、難付着性のものであっても使用できることを特徴としている。被着材の形状は、フィルム、シートなどの平面形状のもの、球状、円筒状、箱状などを始め、用途に適した形状のものいずれにも適用可能である。
【0016】
本発明に用いるポリオレフィン樹脂とは、エチレン、プロピレン、ブテン、ペンテン、ヘキセン、ヘプテン、オクテン,4−メチル−1−ペンテン等の炭素数2以上20以下、好ましくは2以上6以下のオレフィンであって、中でもこれら炭素数のα-オレフィンが好ましく、又、シクロペンテン、シクロヘキセン、1,4−ヘキサジエン、1,5−ヘキサジエン、ジビニルベンセン、1,3−シクロペンタジエン、1,3−シクロヘキサジエン、5−ビニル−2−ノルボルネン等の鎖状あるいは環状ポリエン、あるいはスチレン、置換スチレンなどの単独または共重合体も、本発明のポリオレフィン樹脂として用いることができる。重合体中のこれらモノマーの割合は任意に選択できるが、結晶性ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等難付着性非極性ポリオレフィン樹脂を被着材とする場合は、本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、エチレン−プロピレン、プロピレン−ブテン、エチレン−プロピレン−ブテン共重合体が好ましく、特にこれらの樹脂中のプロピレンの割合が50モル%以上98モル%以下であることが好ましい。50モル%よりも少ないと被着材への付着性が劣り、98モル%より多いと柔軟性が不足する。
【0017】
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を製造するに当たり、出発原料となるポリオレフィン樹脂の分子量には、特に制限はない。しかし、変性した後の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は15,000〜150,000となることが必要である。原料ポリオレフィン樹脂の分子量が大きい場合は、熱やラジカルの存在下で減成して、あるいは変性反応と同時に減成して、分子量を適当な範囲に調整することができる。尚、原料ポリオレフィン樹脂は、単独でも、複数を併用することもできる。又、本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂中、原料ポリオレフィンは、50重量%以上必要である。
【0018】
不飽和ポリカルボン酸あるいはその誘導体(A)とは、マレイン酸、フマル酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、クロトン酸、アコニット酸、フタル酸、トリメリット酸、ノルボルネンジカルボン酸等の不飽和ポリカルボン酸あるいはこれらの誘導体(例えば、酸無水物、酸ハライド、アミド、イミド、エステル等)である。これらの中では、無水イタコン酸、無水マレイン酸が、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の諸被膜物性及び取り扱い性やコストの点で好ましい。変性ポリオレフィン樹脂中の変性成分(A)のグラフト重量は、0.1〜20重量%である必要があり、好ましくは1〜15重量%、特に好ましくは2〜10重量%である。この範囲よりもグラフト重量が少ないと変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の溶剤溶解性や基材への付着力が低下する。また、逆に多すぎると未反応物が多く発生するため好ましくない。尚、これら変性モノマー(A)は単独でも、複数種でも使用することができる。
【0019】
(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(B)は、下記一般式で示される化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種である。
【化1】
CH=CRCOOR(式中、R=H又はCH、R=C2n+1、n=8〜18の整数)
これらのうち、(メタ)アクリル酸オクチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸トリデシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリルが、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の諸被膜物性やコストの点で好ましく、本発明はこれらのうちから選ばれる少なくとも1種を用いる。上記一般式において、nが8よりも小さいと溶剤溶解性が悪化し、nが18よりも大きいと被膜にタックが生じるため好ましくない。また、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂中の変性モノマー(B)のグラフト重量は、0.1〜30重量%、好ましくは1〜15重量%である。この範囲よりもグラフト重量が少ないと変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の溶剤溶解性や他樹脂との相溶性、基材への付着力が低下する。また、逆に多すぎると反応性の高い変性モノマー(B)が超高分子量体を形成して、やはり溶剤溶解性が悪化したり、ポリオレフィン骨格にグラフトしないホモポリマーやコポリマーの生成量が増加するため好ましくない。尚、これら変性モノマー(B)は、単独でも、複数種でも使用することができる。
【0020】
また、本発明では、用途や目的に応じて、本発明の特性を損なわない範囲で、変性モノマー(A)、(B)以外のモノマーを併用することができる。使用可能なモノマーとしては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸、(B)以外の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体(シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、イソシアネート含有(メタ)アクリレート等)や、その他スチレン,シクロヘキシルビニルエーテル,ジシクロペンタジエン等の共重合可能な不飽和モノマーである。これらのモノマーを併用することで、付着性、溶剤溶解性や、変性モノマー(A)や(B)のグラフト率を、さらに向上することができる。尚、これらのモノマーの使用量は、変性モノマー(A)と(B)のグラフト量の合計を超えないことが望ましい。
【0021】
上記の変性モノマー(A)、(B)あるいはそれ以外の変性モノマーを用いてグラフト反応させ、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を得る方法は公知の方法で行うことが可能である。例えばポリオレフィン樹脂をトルエン等の溶剤に加熱溶解し、変性モノマーを添加する溶液法や、バンバリーミキサー、ニーダー、押出機等を使用して溶融したポリオレフィン樹脂とともに変性モノマーを添加する溶融法等が挙げられる。変性モノマーの添加方法は、逐次に添加しても一括添加してもかまわない。
【0022】
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、使用する目的に応じて不飽和カルボン酸のグラフト効率向上のための反応助剤、樹脂安定性の調整のための安定剤、反応促進のためのラジカル開始剤等をさらに配合することができる。
【0023】
反応助剤としてはスチレン、o−メチルスチレン、p−メチルスチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、ヘキサジエン、ジシクロペンタジエン等が挙げられる。安定剤としてはヒドロキノン、ベンゾキノン、ニトロソフェニルヒドロキシ化合物等が挙げられる。ラジカル開始剤は公知のものから適宜選択できるが、例えば、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキサイド、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド等の有機過酸化物を用いることが好ましい。
【0024】
得られる変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は、15,000〜150,000、好ましくは30,000〜120,000である。特に好ましくは30,000〜100,000である。15,000より小さいと非極性基材への付着力や凝集力が劣り、150,000より大きいと粘度増加により作業性や溶剤への溶解性、他樹脂との相溶性が低下する。
【0025】
尚、重量平均分子量の測定法としては、GPC法、光散乱法が知られているが、本発明における分子量は、GPC法で測定した分子量である。変性モノマー(A)のグラフト重量%は、アルカリ滴定法により求めるが、誘導体が酸基を持たないイミド等の場合は、FT−IR法で求める。又、変性モノマー(B)のグラフト重量%は、FT−IR法で求める。
【0026】
また、本発明は、上記の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂に、エポキシ、ポリイソシアネート、ポリオール、ポリアミンから選ばれる硬化剤、あるいはそれらの官能基が保護基でブロックされたものから選ばれる硬化剤を配合した変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物である。
【0027】
エポキシ硬化剤としては、1,2,3,4-ジエポキシブタン、1,2,7,8-ジエポキシオクタン、1,2,9,10-ジエポキシデカン、ビニルシクロヘキセンジエポキシド、1,2,5,6-ジエポキシシクロオクタン、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル-3',4'-エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、1,4-ブタンジオールグリシジルエーテル、1,6-ヘキサンジオールグリシジルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールグリシジルエーテル、ポリプロピレングリコールグリシジルエーテル、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸グリシジルエステル、ダイマー酸グリシジルエステル、トリグリシジルイソシアヌレート、テトラグリシジルジアミノジフェニルメタン等が挙げられる。
【0028】
ポリイソシアネート硬化剤としては、エチレンジイソシアネート、プロピレンジイソシアネート、テトラメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、m-フェニレンジイソシアネート、p-フェニレンジイソシアネート、2,4-トリレンジイソシアネート、2,6-トリレンジイソシアネート、1,5-ナフチレンジイソシアネート、4,4',4"-トリフェニルメタントリイソシアネート、4,4'-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、m-キシリレンジイソシアネート、p-キシレンジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート、リジンイソシアネート等のポリイソシアネート硬化剤、及び前記のポリイソシアネート硬化剤の過剰と、例えばエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコール、2,2,4-トリメチル-1,3-ペンタンジオール、ヘキサメチレングリコール、シクロヘキサンジメタノール、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール等の低分子ポリオールとの付加反応又は付加重合反応によって得られる2官能以上のポリイソシアネート硬化剤、ビュレット構造を有するポリイソシアネート硬化剤、アロファネート構造を有するポリイソシアネート硬化剤、ヌレート構造を有するポリイソシアネート硬化剤、あるいは前記のポリイソシアネート硬化剤のイソシアネート基を保護基でブロックした、一般にブロックイソシアネートと呼ばれる硬化剤が挙げられる。
【0029】
ポリオール硬化剤としては、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコール、2,2,4-トリメチル-1,3-ペンタンジオール、ヘキサメチレングリコール、シクロヘキサンジメタノール、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール等の低分子ポリオール硬化剤や、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラヒドロフラン、エチレンオキサイドとプロピレンオキサイドの共重合体、水添ポリブタジエンの末端水酸基含有物、あるいは前記低分子ポリオールの過剰とテレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、コハク酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、ヘキサヒドロテレフタル酸等のジカルボン酸から得られるポリエステルポリオール等が挙げられる。
【0030】
ポリアミン硬化剤としては、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、イソホロンジアミン、N-アミノエチルピペラジン、m-キシリレンジアミン、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、メラミン、メチロール化メラミン等が挙げられる。また、カルボヒドラジド、シュウ酸ジヒドラジド、コハク酸ジヒドラジド、グルタミン酸ジヒドラジド、アゼライン酸ジヒドラジド、ウンデカン酸ジヒドラジド、マレイン酸ジヒドラジド、イタコン酸ジヒドラジド、テレフタル酸ジヒドラジド等のポリヒドラジド化合物も同様に使用できる。更に前記ポリアミン硬化剤のアミノ基が保護基でブロックされた、一般にブロックアミンと呼ばれる硬化剤も用いられる。
【0031】
上記硬化剤の配合量は、本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂中の官能基(カルボキシル基、酸無水基、水酸基等)の量により、適宜選択できるが、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂中の反応にかかわる該官能基数と、硬化剤中の官能基数(例えば、イソシアネート基、水酸基、アミノ基の数)の割合が10:1〜1:5となるように配合するのが好ましい。特に、5:1〜1:2の範囲が、諸被膜物性、特に付着性、耐ガソホール性の点で好ましい。硬化剤の配合量が、この範囲より多すぎると付着性が低下し、少なすぎると付着性、耐溶剤性、耐水性等の所望の物性が得られない。又、硬化剤を配合する場合には、目的に応じて錫系化合物等の触媒を併用することもできる。
【0032】
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、接着剤、プライマー、塗料、インキ等いろいろな用途で、それ自身あるいは付着性付与のための成分として使用でき、溶液、粉末、ペースト、シート等、用途に応じた形態で使用できる。また、その際に必要に応じて添加剤、例えば、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、顔料、染料、無機充填剤等を配合できる。溶液として使用する場合、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族溶剤、シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサン、エチルシクロヘキサン、ヘプタン、ノナン、デカン等の脂肪族溶剤、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル系溶剤、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルブチルケトン等のケトン系溶剤、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール等のアルコール系溶剤、あるいは前記の溶剤の混合物が使用できるが、環境問題の観点から芳香族溶剤を使用しないことが望ましく、特にシクロヘキサン系脂肪族溶剤とエステル系あるいはケトン系溶剤の混合物を使用することが好ましい。
【0033】
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を使用する際の熱処理条件としては、170〜180℃程度の高温下でフィルムにラミネートしたり、溶液状態でスプレー、刷毛塗り、バーコーティング等で塗布した後、80〜100℃程度の温度で乾燥、焼付を行ったり、そのまま室温で乾燥して使用することもできる。
【0034】
接着剤、インキとして用いる場合、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の非極性基材だけでなく、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド等の極性基材を併用することも多い。本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、このような極性基材への付着性も有することから、同用途にも適する。
【0035】
プライマー、塗料として用いる場合も、本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、上塗り塗料やクリアーとの付着性に優れるため、極性基材でも非極性基材に対しても適する。
【0036】
塗料、インキとして用いる場合は、必要に応じてウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、アルキド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、硝化綿等のポリオレフィン樹脂とは異なる種類の他樹脂をブレンドしてもよい。
【0037】
これらの用途において、本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を上記の添加剤や異なる種類の他樹脂とブレンドする場合には、非極性もしくは極性基材への付着性を維持するために、本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を全樹脂量に対して、少なくとも固形分で5重量%以上、特には30重量%以上配合する必要がある。
【0038】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。尚、分子量は、テトラヒドロフランを展開溶媒とし、40℃、1ml/minの条件で、検出器としてRIを用いて測定した。
【0039】
(実施例1)
撹拌機、冷却管、及び滴下ロートを取りつけた四つ口フラスコ中で、プロピレン−エチレン共重合体(プロピレン成分97.5モル%、エチレン成分2.5モル%、重量平均分子量250,000)100gをトルエン400g中に加熱溶解させた後、系の温度を110℃に保持して撹拌しながらジクミルパーオキサイド1gを滴下し、その後1時間減成処理した。次に、無水アコニット酸2g、アクリル酸オクチル4g、過酸化ベンゾイル0.5gをそれぞれ3時間かけて滴下し、さらに1時間反応させた。反応後、室温に冷却した後、反応物を大量のアセトン中に投入して精製し、重量平均分子量が68,000、無水アコニット酸のグラフト重量が1.2重量%、アクリル酸オクチルが2.8重量%の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を得た。
【0040】
(実施例2)
L/D=34、φ=40mmの二軸押出機((株)テクノベル製)に、プロピレン−エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(プロピレン成分68モル%、エチレン成分8モル%、ブテン成分24モル%、重量平均分子量50,000)100重量部、無水マレイン酸8重量部、メタクリル酸ラウリル8重量部、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン1.5重量部を投入した。滞留時間は10分、バレル温度は180℃(第1バレル〜第7バレル)として反応し、第7バレルにて脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は49,000、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量は5.2重量%、メタクリル酸ラウリルのグラフト重量は6.2重量%であった。
【0041】
(実施例3)
L/D=34、φ=40mmの二軸押出機に、プロピレン−エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(プロピレン成分68モル%、エチレン成分8モル%、ブテン成分24モル%、重量平均分子量50,000)100重量部、無水イタコン酸12重量部、アクリル酸トリデシル6重量部、ラウロイルパーオキサイド2重量部を投入した。滞留時間は10分、バレル温度は190℃(第1バレル〜第7バレル)として反応し、第7バレルにて脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は47,000、無水イタコン酸のグラフト重量は7.5重量%、アクリル酸トリデシルのグラフト重量は4.6重量%であった。
【0042】
(実施例4)
撹拌機、冷却管、及び滴下ロートを取りつけた四つ口フラスコ中で、プロピレン−エチレン共重合体(プロピレン成分97.5モル%、エチレン成分2.5モル%、重量平均分子量250,000)100gをトルエン400g中に加熱溶解させた後、系の温度を110℃に保持して撹拌しながらジクミルパーオキサイド1gを滴下し、その後1時間減成処理した。次に無水シトラコン酸15g、メタクリル酸ステアリル20g、過酸化ベンゾイル0.5gをそれぞれ3時間かけて滴下し、さらに1時間反応させた。反応後、室温に冷却した後、反応物を大量のアセトン中に投入して精製し、重量平均分子量が76,000、無水シトラコン酸のグラフト重量が9.4重量%、メタクリル酸ステアリルのグラフト重量が13.8重量%の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を得た。
【0043】
(実施例5)
L/D=34、φ=40mmの二軸押出機に、プロピレン−エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(プロピレン成分68モル%、エチレン成分8モル%、ブテン成分24モル%、重量平均分子量50,000)100重量部、無水イタコン酸4重量部、メタクリル酸オクチル2重量部、メタクリル酸ステアリル2重量部、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキサイド1.5重量部を投入した。滞留時間は10分、バレル温度は160℃(第1バレル〜第7バレル)として反応し、第7バレルにて脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は45,000、無水イタコン酸のグラフト重量は2.6重量%、メタクリル酸オクチル、メタクリル酸ステアリルのグラフト重量の合計は3.0重量%であった。
【0044】
(比較例1)
撹拌機、冷却管、及び滴下ロートを取りつけた四つ口フラスコ中で、プロピレン−エチレン共重合体(プロピレン成分97.5モル%、エチレン成分2.5モル%、重量平均分子量250,000)100gをトルエン400g中に加熱溶解させた後、系の温度を110℃に保持して撹拌しながらジクミルパーオキサイド1gを滴下し、その後1時間減成処理した。次に無水アコニット酸2g、過酸化ベンゾイル0.5gをそれぞれ3時間かけて滴下し、さらに1時間反応させた。反応後、室温に冷却させた後、反応物を大量のアセトン中に投入して精製し、重量平均分子量が49,000、無水アコニット酸のグラフト重量が1.1重量%の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を得た。
【0045】
(比較例2)
L/D=34、φ=40mmの二軸押出機に、プロピレン−エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(プロピレン成分68モル%、エチレン成分8モル%、ブテン成分24モル%、重量平均分子量50,000)100重量部、無水イタコン酸50重量部、アクリル酸トリデシル6重量部、ラウロイルパーオキサイド2重量部を投入した。滞留時間は10分、バレル温度は170℃(第1バレル〜第7バレル)として反応し、第7バレルにて脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は18,000、無水イタコン酸のグラフト重量は22.6重量%、アクリル酸トリデシルのグラフト重量は3.1重量%であった。
【0046】
(比較例3)
L/D=34、φ=40mmの二軸押出機に、プロピレン−エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(プロピレン成分68モル%、エチレン成分8モル%、ブテン成分24モル%、重量平均分子量50,000)100重量部、無水イタコン酸12重量部、アクリル酸トリデシル200重量部、ラウロイルパーオキサイド2重量部を投入した。滞留時間は10分、バレル温度は170℃(第1バレル〜第7バレル)として反応し、第7バレルにて脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去した。溶剤不溶部が多く、使用不能であった。
【0047】
(比較例4)
L/D=34、φ=40mmの二軸押出機に、プロピレン−エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(プロピレン成分68モル%、エチレン成分8モル%、ブテン成分24モル%、重量平均分子量50,000)100重量部、無水マレイン酸8重量部、メタクリル酸メチル8重量部、パーブチルI(日本油脂製)1.5重量部を投入した。滞留時間は10分、バレル温度は150℃(第1バレル〜第7バレル)として反応し、第7バレルにて脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は47,000、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量は4.7重量%、メタクリル酸メチルのグラフト重量は6.4重量%であった。
【0048】
(比較例5)
L/D=34、φ=40mmの二軸押出機に、プロピレン−エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体(プロピレン成分68モル%、エチレン成分8モル%、ブテン成分24モル%、重量平均分子量50,000)100重量部、無水マレイン酸8重量部、アクリル酸2−エチルステアリル8重量部、ジクミルパーオキサイド1.5重量部を投入した。滞留時間は10分、バレル温度は180℃(第1バレル〜第7バレル)として反応し、第7バレルにて脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の重量平均分子量は47,000、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量は4.5重量%、アクリル酸2−エチルステアリルのグラフト重量は6.5重量%であった。
【0049】
[試験1(溶剤溶解性)]
実施例1〜5、比較例1〜5で得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂について、70〜80℃にて、10重量%トルエン溶液、20重量%エチルシクロヘキサン溶液、20重量%n−ヘキサン溶液を調製し、室温に冷却した後1週間静置して溶剤溶解性を評価した。結果を表1に示した。
【0050】
【表1】
表1 試験結果

Figure 0004441151
注)溶剤溶解性 ○:良好 △:濁り有り ×:不溶
【0051】
[試験2(接着性試験)]
実施例1〜5、比較例1〜5で得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂について、それぞれ10重量%トルエン溶液と20重量%エチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン(=8/2)溶液の2種類の試料を調整し、以下の試験を行った。結果を表2、表3に示す。(尚、比較例3で得られたポリオレフィン樹脂は、架橋により生成するゲル、超高分子量存在のために溶剤に不溶であったため、以下の試験はできなかった。)
【0052】
・タック試験
表面処理されていない高密度ポリエチレンフィルム、及びポリプロピレンフィルムに#20のマイヤーバーを用いて、試料を塗布し、室温で15時間乾燥した。被膜面が重なるように試験片を折り曲げ、指で軽く押さえた後で引き剥がし、その剥がれやすさからタックを評価した。
【0053】
・フィルム室温付着性試験
タック試験と同様に、室温で15時間乾燥して得られた塗装フィルムに対し、被膜表面の上にセロハン粘着テープを密着させた後、180度方向に引き剥がし、残存する被膜表面の様子を観察した。
【0054】
・付着性試験
試料を、超高剛性ポリプロピレン板に乾燥被膜厚が10μm以上15μm以下となるようスプレー塗装し、80℃で30分間乾燥させた。試験片を室温で3日間静置した後、塗膜表面にカッターで素地に達する切れ目を入れ、1mm間隔で100個の碁盤目を作り、その上にセロハン粘着テープを密着させて180度方向に5回引き剥がし、残存する碁盤目の数(X)を数え、作製した碁盤目100個の残存個数(X/100)として表示した。
【0055】
・ヒートシール強度試験
コロナ表面処理されたポリプロピレンフィルムに、#20のマイヤーバーを用いて試料を塗布し、室温で15時間乾燥した。塗布面同士を重ね合わせ、No.276ヒートシールテスター(安田精機製作所)を用いて1.5kg/cm、90℃、10秒間の条件でヒートシールを行った。各試験片を1cm幅となるように切断し、引っ張り試験機を用いて5kg重、100mm/minの条件で引き剥がし、その剥離強度を測定した。3回試験を行って、その平均値を結果とした。
【0056】
【表2】
表2 試験結果(トルエン溶液)
Figure 0004441151
フィルム室温付着性試験 ○:良好 △:一部剥離 ×:剥離又は凝集破壊
実施例1〜5のヒートシール強度測定後のサンプルは、剥離面が基材からではなく、接着層間からのものであった。
【0057】
【表3】
表3 試験結果(エチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン溶液)
Figure 0004441151
フィルム室温付着性試験 ○:良好 △:一部剥離 ×:剥離又は凝集破壊
実施例1〜5のヒートシール強度測定後のサンプルは、剥離面が基材からではなく、接着層間からのものであった。
【0058】
[試験3(塗料試験)]
実施例1〜5、比較例1〜5で得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂について、それぞれ40重量%トルエン溶液と40重量%エチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン(=8/2)溶液の2種類の試料を調整し、バインダー樹脂として以下の配合で塗料を調整した。
バインダー樹脂(各試料) :100重量部
アルキド樹脂(フタルキッドV904 日立化成工業): 15 〃
TiO2 : 5 〃
カーボンブラック : 1 〃
弁柄 : 2 〃
タルク : 15 〃
シリカ艶消し剤 : 5 〃
上記組成物をサンドミルで約1時間混練した後、フォードカップ#4で12〜13秒/20℃の粘度になるようトルエン試料はトルエンで、エチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン試料はエチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン(=8/2)で希釈して調整した。各塗料を、超高剛性プロピレン板に乾燥被膜厚が30μm以上35μm以下となるようにスプレー塗布し、室温で30分間乾燥した後、80℃で30分間焼付を行った。試験片を48時間室温で静置後、以下の試験を行った。結果を表4、表5に示す。
【0059】
・付着性試験
試験2と同様の碁盤目試験を行った。
【0060】
・耐温水性試験
試験片を40℃の温水に240時間浸漬し、塗膜の状態を目視にて観察し、さらに碁盤目試験による付着性試験を行った。
【0061】
・耐ガソリン性試験
各塗膜表面に、素地に達するスクラッチ(×印)をカッターナイフで入れ、ガソリンに浸漬し塗膜の状態を目視にて観察した。
【0062】
【表4】
表4 試験結果(トルエン溶液)
Figure 0004441151
比較例3は溶剤不溶のため、評価不能であった。
【0063】
【表5】
表5 試験結果(エチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン溶液)
Figure 0004441151
比較例3は溶剤不溶のため、評価不能であった。
【0064】
[試験4(プライマー試験)]
実施例1〜5、比較例1〜5で得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂について、それぞれ10重量%トルエン溶液と20重量%エチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン(=8/2)溶液の2種類の試料を調整した。この試料を、超高剛性ポリプロピレン板に乾燥被膜厚が10以上15μm以下となるようにスプレー塗布し、80℃で30分間乾燥を行った。次に、2液型上塗り白塗料を、乾燥被膜厚が45以上50μm以下となるようスプレー塗布し、15分室温に静置した後、90℃で30分間焼付を行った。試験片を室温で3日間静置した後、試験3と同様の試験を行った。結果を表6、表7に示す。
【0065】
【表6】
表6 試験結果(トルエン溶液)
Figure 0004441151
比較例3は溶剤不溶のため、評価不能であった。
【0066】
【表7】
表7 試験結果(エチルシクロヘキサン/メチルエチルケトン溶液)
Figure 0004441151
比較例3は溶剤不溶のため、評価不能であった。
【0067】
[試験5(インキ試験)]
実施例1〜5、比較例1〜5で得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂について、それぞれ40重量%エチルシクロヘキサン/酢酸ブチル(70/30、重量比)溶液の試料を調整し、バインダー樹脂として以下の配合でインキを調整した。
バインダー樹脂(各試料) :100重量部
インキ用ウレタン樹脂 : 50 〃
TiO :100 〃
酢酸エチル :100 〃
イソプロピルアルコール : 50 〃
上記組成をペイントシェーカーで練肉し、白色印刷インキを調整した。得られた印刷インキを、#12マイヤーバーで、延伸ポリプロピレン(OPP)、高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ナイロン(NY)、の各フィルムに塗布した。塗布面にセロハンテープを張り付け、これを急速に剥がした時の塗布面の状態を、目視にて観察した。また、練肉後の溶液の状態と乾燥被膜の状態から相溶性を評価した。結果を表8に示す。
【0068】
【表8】
表8 試験結果
Figure 0004441151
相溶性 ○:良好 △:濁り有り ×:二層分離
接着性 ○:剥離しない △:一部剥離 ×:ほとんど剥離
比較例3は溶剤不溶のため、評価不能であった。
【0069】
[試験6]
実施例2で得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の10重量%トルエン溶液100g中に、表中に示す硬化剤を所定量配合し、均一に溶解した。各試料について、試験2と同様のヒートシール強度試験、試験4と同様のプライマー試験を実施した。更に、耐ガソリン性試験で使用したガソリンに替えて、ガソホール(ガソリン/エタノール=9/1)を用いて耐ガソホール試験を行った。結果を表9に示す。
【0070】
【表9】
表9 試験結果
Figure 0004441151
注) * :1%ジブチル錫ジラウレート含有
* :三菱化学製、1%ジブチル錫ジラウレート含有
【0071】
【発明の効果】
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、従来のものに比べ、下記の効果を有する。
(1)タックが無く、付着性に優れている。
(2)芳香族系溶剤のみならず非芳香族系溶剤においても溶解性が優れている。
(3)異なる種類の他樹脂との相溶性に優れる。
(4)特に、ヒートシール強度測定後のサンプルは剥離面が基材からではなく、接着層間からのものであることから、非極性基材に対して強い付着力がある。
(5)硬化剤を配合した場合、耐溶剤性(耐ガソホール性)が向上する。さらに、ヒートシール強度においては、基材フィルムが材破するほどの強度がある。
以上の点から、本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、特に、接着剤、プライマー、塗料、インキに有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a modified polyolefin resin having improved adhesion to a substrate surface, particularly a substrate surface made of a nonpolar thermoplastic resin, and a solubility in a nonaromatic nonpolar solvent, a composition thereof, and use thereof It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Thermoplastic resins are not only used in flat shapes such as sheets and films, but are used in various forms of products by being molded into a fixed shape such as a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, or a box shape by utilizing the property of being deformed by heat. However, the thermoplastic resin is basically transparent, relatively soft, and easily scratched. Therefore, printing and painting are performed on the surface for the purpose of protection and aesthetic improvement.
[0003]
Thermoplastic resins include polar resins and nonpolar ones. Among nonpolar resins, polyolefin resins such as polypropylene and polyethylene are widely used in recent years because they are inexpensive and have many excellent properties such as moldability, chemical resistance, water resistance, electrical properties, and safety. However, unlike polar resins such as acrylic resins and polyester resins, polyolefin resins are non-polar and crystalline, making it difficult to firmly attach ink, paint, or adhesive to the surface. is there.
[0004]
Acid-modified polyolefin resins including unsaturated carboxylic acid modification have been proposed as resins having adhesion to nonpolar resin substrates using such polyolefin resins. The acid-modified polyolefin resin has adhesion to nonpolar substrates, but its adhesion is low, and the dry coating has tackiness. For example, the acid-modified polyolefin resin is coated and dried on the surface of a film-shaped substrate. When the film is wound after being formed, problems such as adhesion of dust on the surface of the film and blocking after winding are inevitable.
[0005]
In general, acid-modified polyolefin resins are poor in solvent solubility and compatibility with other types of resins, and can be used as solvents and other resins that can be mixed in the production of paints and printing inks for painting. As a result, there is a problem that it is difficult to produce a paint, ink or adhesive having sufficient performance.
[0006]
In recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental problems, a resin that can be dissolved in a solvent containing no aromatic solvent has been demanded. However, it is essential to use aromatic solvents such as toluene and xylene for the solvent used to dissolve the conventional acid-modified polyolefin. The conventional acid-modified polyolefin technology maintains various physical properties such as adhesion. It was extremely difficult to dissolve in a non-aromatic solvent.
[0007]
JP-A-9-40724, JP-A-7-82328, JP-A-3-227341, and JP-A-Heihei 11-260, as means for improving the problems of the acid-modified polyolefin resin such as solvent solubility, compatibility with other resins, and dry film tack. Two or more kinds of unsaturated carboxylic acids having different properties or derivatives thereof, such as a combination of an anhydride and a non-anhydride of unsaturated carboxylic acid such as maleic anhydride and acrylic acid, A method of graft copolymerization with a polyolefin resin is disclosed. In addition to the method of simple graft polymerization, JP-A-11-217537 discloses that an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid or maleic anhydride or a derivative thereof is graft copolymerized with polyolefin, and further polyester or alcohol is added. A method of modifying by reacting has been proposed. It has been reported that the modified polyolefin resin obtained by this method can improve solvent solubility, long-term storage stability of the solution, and the like.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, it is known that when a polyolefin resin, especially a polyolefin resin with a high propylene content, is graft copolymerized with an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid or maleic anhydride or its anhydride monomer, it is accompanied by degradation of the polyolefin (decrease in molecular weight). [Journal of Polymer Science 33. 829. (1995) etc.]. The modified polyolefin resin obtained by modifying the polyolefin resin with a high propylene content by the above-mentioned method causes a decrease in molecular weight, the adhesion force to the nonpolar substrate is still insufficient, and the problem of tackiness of the formed film is solved. could not.
[0009]
On the other hand, it is well known that a high molecular weight of the graft portion can be easily achieved by changing reaction conditions such as increasing the amount of the modified monomer used. However, in this case, although the solubility in the non-aromatic solvent is improved, the content of the polyolefin, which is the main component of the adhesion force, is relatively reduced. Sufficient adhesion was not obtained.
[0010]
In addition, when (meth) acrylic acid having a relatively high polarity or a lower alkyl ester thereof is graft-copolymerized, a large amount of homopolymers or copolymers that are not grafted on the polyolefin skeleton are formed, resulting in a decrease in solvent solubility or a dry film. Since the solvent resistance and the like of the resin deteriorated, it was not practical.
[0011]
Thus, in the modified polyolefin resin obtained by the conventional method, the improvement of the adhesive force with respect to nonpolar resin was not enough. Especially for highly crystalline and difficult-to-adhere polyolefin molded products and untreated polyolefin resins that have not been surface-treated to improve adhesion such as corona treatment, the adhesive strength is improved even when the adhesion conditions are strengthened. Insufficient adhesion was desired.
[0012]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a resin having excellent adhesion even to nonpolar substrates, particularly difficult adhesion or nonadhesive nonpolar substrates that have not undergone preliminary surface treatment for improving adhesion. Is to get. Furthermore, it has excellent solubility in non-aromatic solvents and good compatibility with other resins, and the coating obtained by applying and drying the resin itself or a composition such as paint or ink containing this resin. The object is to provide a resin having the characteristics of improving tack.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that when an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof and a specific (meth) acrylic acid ester are used in combination as a monomer and modified by graft copolymerization, the adhesion is impaired. Not only the amount of monomer used can solve the above-mentioned problems, but also low-temperature bonding of room temperature to 100 ° C due to high-temperature bonding conditions for difficult-to-adhere polyolefin molded products, untreated polyethylene, and polypropylene films. Up to the condition, it was found to show excellent adhesion in a wide range of conditions. Furthermore, in this case, it has been found that it has excellent solubility in not only aromatic solvents but also non-aromatic solvents, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0014]
  That is, the present invention provides (1) polyolefin resinInUnsaturated polycarboxylic acids or their derivatives (A), andIt is at least one selected from octyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, and stearyl (meth) acrylate.(Meth) acrylic acid ester (B)And melt by heating in a solvent or melt using a Banbury mixer, kneader or extruder,Graft-modified modified polyolefin resin, wherein (A) and (B) are contained in the modified polyolefin resin in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight and 0.1 to 30% by weight, respectively, and the weight average molecular weight is 15,000. Modified polyolefin resin which is ˜150,000.
(2) The modified polyolefin resin according to (1), wherein the unsaturated polycarboxylic acid or derivative thereof (A) is itaconic anhydride and / or maleic anhydride.
(3)The polyolefin resin is at least one selected from an ethylene-propylene copolymer, a propylene-butene copolymer, and an ethylene-propylene-butene copolymer (1)Or (2)Modified polyolefin resin described in 1.
(4)(1) ~(3)A modified polyolefin resin comprising a modified polyolefin resin according to any one of the above, and a curing agent selected from epoxy, polyisocyanate, polyol, polyamine, or a curing agent whose functional group is blocked with a protecting group. Composition.
(5)(1) ~(3)Modified polyolefin resin according to any one of(4)An adhesive comprising the modified polyolefin resin composition described.
(6)(1) ~(3)Modified polyolefin resin according to any one of(4)A primer comprising the modified polyolefin resin composition described.
(7)(1) ~(3)Modified polyolefin resin according to any one of(4)A paint comprising the modified polyolefin resin composition described.
(8)(1) ~(3)Modified polyolefin resin according to any one of(4)An ink comprising the modified polyolefin resin composition described. It is about. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is suitable for an adherend based on a thermoplastic resin, particularly a nonpolar thermoplastic resin. Nonpolar resins include polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, propylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene copolymer, terpene resin, styrene resin, and the like. Even if the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is an adherend based on these nonpolar resins, the surface treatment for improving adhesion by plasma, corona, etc. is not performed, and it is difficult to adhere. It is characterized by being usable. The shape of the adherend can be applied to any shape such as a flat shape such as a film or a sheet, a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a box shape, or the like, and a shape suitable for the application.
[0016]
The polyolefin resin used in the present invention is an olefin having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propylene, butene, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene. Of these, α-olefins having these carbon numbers are preferred, and cyclopentene, cyclohexene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, divinylbenzene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 5-vinyl. A linear or cyclic polyene such as 2-norbornene, or a homopolymer or copolymer of styrene or substituted styrene can also be used as the polyolefin resin of the present invention. Although the ratio of these monomers in the polymer can be arbitrarily selected, when the non-adhesive nonpolar polyolefin resin such as crystalline polyethylene and polypropylene is used as the adherend, the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is ethylene-propylene, propylene. -Butene and ethylene-propylene-butene copolymers are preferred, and it is particularly preferred that the proportion of propylene in these resins is 50 mol% or more and 98 mol% or less. If it is less than 50 mol%, the adherence to the adherend is poor, and if it is more than 98 mol%, the flexibility is insufficient.
[0017]
In producing the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention, the molecular weight of the polyolefin resin as a starting material is not particularly limited. However, the modified polyolefin resin after modification needs to have a weight average molecular weight of 15,000 to 150,000. When the molecular weight of the raw polyolefin resin is large, the molecular weight can be adjusted to an appropriate range by degrading in the presence of heat or radicals, or by degrading simultaneously with the modification reaction. In addition, the raw material polyolefin resin can be used alone or in combination. In the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention, the raw material polyolefin needs to be 50% by weight or more.
[0018]
Unsaturated polycarboxylic acid or its derivative (A) is unsaturated such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, crotonic acid, aconitic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, norbornene dicarboxylic acid Polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof (for example, acid anhydrides, acid halides, amides, imides, esters, etc.). Among these, itaconic anhydride and maleic anhydride are preferable from the viewpoints of various film properties, handleability and cost of the modified polyolefin resin. The grafting weight of the modifying component (A) in the modified polyolefin resin needs to be 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight. If the graft weight is less than this range, the solubility of the modified polyolefin resin in the solvent and the adhesion to the substrate will be reduced. On the other hand, when the amount is too large, many unreacted substances are generated, which is not preferable. These modified monomers (A) can be used alone or in combination.
[0019]
  The (meth) acrylic acid ester (B) is at least one selected from compounds represented by the following general formula.
[Chemical 1]
CH2= CR1COOR2(Wherein R1= H or CH3, R2= CnH2n + 1N = integer of 8-18)
Of these, octyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, and stearyl (meth) acrylate are preferred in view of various film properties and cost of the modified polyolefin resin.In the present invention, at least one selected from these is used.. In the above general formula, when n is less than 8, the solvent solubility is deteriorated, and when n is more than 18, the coating film is tacky, which is not preferable. The graft weight of the modified monomer (B) in the modified polyolefin resin is 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 15% by weight. If the graft weight is less than this range, the solvent solubility of the modified polyolefin resin, the compatibility with other resins, and the adhesion to the substrate will be reduced. On the other hand, if the amount is too large, the highly reactive modifying monomer (B) forms an ultra high molecular weight substance, which also degrades the solvent solubility or increases the amount of homopolymer or copolymer that does not graft onto the polyolefin skeleton. Therefore, it is not preferable. These modified monomers (B) can be used alone or in a plurality of types.
[0020]
In the present invention, monomers other than the modified monomers (A) and (B) can be used in combination as long as the properties of the present invention are not impaired, depending on applications and purposes. Usable monomers include, for example, (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid derivatives other than (B) (cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) Acrylate, isocyanate-containing (meth) acrylate, etc.) and other copolymerizable unsaturated monomers such as styrene, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, and dicyclopentadiene. By using these monomers in combination, adhesion, solvent solubility, and the graft ratio of the modified monomers (A) and (B) can be further improved. In addition, it is desirable that the amount of these monomers used does not exceed the total graft amount of the modified monomers (A) and (B).
[0021]
The method of obtaining a modified polyolefin resin by carrying out graft reaction using said modified monomers (A), (B) or other modified monomers can be carried out by a known method. Examples include a solution method in which a polyolefin resin is heated and dissolved in a solvent such as toluene and a modified monomer is added, and a melting method in which a modified monomer is added together with a polyolefin resin melted using a Banbury mixer, a kneader, an extruder, or the like. . The method for adding the modified monomer may be added sequentially or all at once.
[0022]
The modified polyolefin resin of the present invention comprises a reaction aid for improving the grafting efficiency of unsaturated carboxylic acid, a stabilizer for adjusting the stability of the resin, a radical initiator for promoting the reaction, etc. according to the purpose of use. Furthermore, it can mix | blend.
[0023]
Examples of the reaction aid include styrene, o-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, α-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene and the like. Examples of the stabilizer include hydroquinone, benzoquinone, nitrosophenylhydroxy compound and the like. The radical initiator can be appropriately selected from known ones. For example, an organic peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, or the like can be used. preferable.
[0024]
The weight average molecular weight of the modified polyolefin resin obtained is 15,000 to 150,000, preferably 30,000 to 120,000. Especially preferably, it is 30,000-100,000. If it is less than 15,000, the adhesion and cohesion to nonpolar substrates are poor, and if it is more than 150,000, workability, solubility in solvents, and compatibility with other resins decrease due to increased viscosity.
[0025]
As a method for measuring the weight average molecular weight, GPC method and light scattering method are known. The molecular weight in the present invention is a molecular weight measured by GPC method. Graft weight% of the modified monomer (A) is determined by an alkali titration method, but when the derivative is an imide or the like having no acid group, it is determined by an FT-IR method. Further, the graft weight% of the modified monomer (B) is determined by the FT-IR method.
[0026]
Further, the present invention provides a modified polyolefin in which the above-mentioned modified polyolefin resin is mixed with a curing agent selected from epoxy, polyisocyanate, polyol, polyamine, or a curing agent selected from those whose functional groups are blocked with a protecting group. It is a resin composition.
[0027]
Epoxy curing agents include 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane, 1,2,7,8-diepoxyoctane, 1,2,9,10-diepoxydecane, vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, 1,2 , 5,6-diepoxycyclooctane, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 1,4-butanediol glycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol glycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol glycidyl Ether, polypropylene glycol glycidyl ether, hexahydrophthalic acid glycidyl ester, dimer glycidyl ester, triglycidyl isocyanurate, tetraglycidyl diaminodiphenylmethane, and the like.
[0028]
Polyisocyanate curing agents include ethylene diisocyanate, propylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 1,5 -Polyisocyanate curing agents such as naphthylene diisocyanate, 4,4 ', 4 "-triphenylmethane triisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate, p-xylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, lysine isocyanate, And an excess of the above polyisocyanate curing agent, for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, Bifunctional or higher polyisocyanate curing agent obtained by addition reaction or addition polymerization reaction with low molecular polyols such as xamethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, polyisocyanate curing agent having a burette structure, Examples thereof include a polyisocyanate curing agent having an allophanate structure, a polyisocyanate curing agent having a nurate structure, or a curing agent generally called a blocked isocyanate in which the isocyanate group of the polyisocyanate curing agent is blocked with a protective group.
[0029]
Polyol curing agents include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, hexamethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, pentaerythritol and the like. Molecular polyol curing agent, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran, copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, terminal hydroxyl group content of hydrogenated polybutadiene, or excess of low molecular polyol and terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, succinic acid And polyester polyols obtained from dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, sebacic acid and hexahydroterephthalic acid.
[0030]
Examples of the polyamine curing agent include diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, isophoronediamine, N-aminoethylpiperazine, m-xylylenediamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, melamine, and methylolated melamine. Polyhydrazide compounds such as carbohydrazide, oxalic acid dihydrazide, succinic acid dihydrazide, glutamic acid dihydrazide, azelaic acid dihydrazide, undecanoic acid dihydrazide, maleic acid dihydrazide, itaconic acid dihydrazide, terephthalic acid dihydrazide can also be used. Further, a curing agent generally called a blocked amine in which the amino group of the polyamine curing agent is blocked with a protecting group is also used.
[0031]
The amount of the curing agent can be appropriately selected depending on the amount of functional groups (carboxyl group, acid anhydride group, hydroxyl group, etc.) in the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention, and the number of functional groups involved in the reaction in the modified polyolefin resin. The ratio of the number of functional groups in the curing agent (for example, the number of isocyanate groups, hydroxyl groups, and amino groups) is preferably 10: 1 to 1: 5. In particular, the range of 5: 1 to 1: 2 is preferable in terms of various film properties, particularly adhesion and gasohol resistance. When the blending amount of the curing agent is more than this range, the adhesion is lowered, and when it is too small, desired physical properties such as adhesion, solvent resistance and water resistance cannot be obtained. Moreover, when mix | blending a hardening | curing agent, according to the objective, catalysts, such as a tin type compound, can also be used together.
[0032]
The modified polyolefin resin of the present invention can be used as a component for providing adhesiveness, primer, paint, ink, etc. itself or as a component for imparting adhesion, and forms according to applications such as solutions, powders, pastes, sheets, etc. Can be used in At that time, additives such as antioxidants, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, pigments, dyes, inorganic fillers and the like can be blended as necessary. When used as a solution, aromatic solvents such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic solvents such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, heptane, nonane, decane, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl A ketone solvent such as butyl ketone, an alcohol solvent such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, or butanol, or a mixture of the above-mentioned solvents can be used, but it is desirable not to use an aromatic solvent from the viewpoint of environmental problems. It is preferable to use a mixture of an aliphatic solvent and an ester or ketone solvent.
[0033]
The heat treatment conditions for using the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention are as follows: laminating on a film at a high temperature of about 170 to 180 ° C., applying in a solution state by spraying, brushing, bar coating, etc. It can be dried and baked at a temperature of about 0 ° C., or dried at room temperature as it is.
[0034]
When used as an adhesive or ink, not only nonpolar substrates such as polyethylene and polypropylene but also polar substrates such as polyester, polyurethane and polyamide are often used in combination. Since the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention also has adhesion to such a polar substrate, it is also suitable for the same use.
[0035]
Even when used as a primer or a coating material, the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is suitable for both a polar substrate and a nonpolar substrate because it has excellent adhesion to a top coating material and a clear coating.
[0036]
When using as paint or ink, urethane resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, phenol resin, alkyd resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, silicone resin, nitrified cotton and other types of other resins may be used as necessary. You may blend.
[0037]
In these applications, when the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is blended with the above-mentioned additives or different types of other resins, the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is used to maintain adhesion to nonpolar or polar substrates. The resin should be blended in at least 5% by weight, particularly 30% by weight or more in terms of solid content with respect to the total resin amount.
[0038]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not limited to this. The molecular weight was measured using RI as a detector under conditions of 40 ° C. and 1 ml / min using tetrahydrofuran as a developing solvent.
[0039]
(Example 1)
100 g of propylene-ethylene copolymer (propylene component 97.5 mol%, ethylene component 2.5 mol%, weight average molecular weight 250,000) in a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, condenser, and dropping funnel Was dissolved in 400 g of toluene by heating, 1 g of dicumyl peroxide was added dropwise with stirring while maintaining the system temperature at 110 ° C., and then subjected to degradation treatment for 1 hour. Next, 2 g of aconitic anhydride, 4 g of octyl acrylate, and 0.5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise over 3 hours, and the mixture was further reacted for 1 hour. After the reaction, after cooling to room temperature, the reaction product was put into a large amount of acetone for purification, and the weight average molecular weight was 68,000, the graft weight of aconitic anhydride was 1.2% by weight, and octyl acrylate was 2. An 8% by weight modified polyolefin resin was obtained.
[0040]
(Example 2)
L / D = 34, φ = 40 mm twin screw extruder (manufactured by Technobel), propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (propylene component 68 mol%, ethylene component 8 mol%, butene component 24 mol) %, Weight average molecular weight 50,000) 100 parts by weight, maleic anhydride 8 parts by weight, lauryl methacrylate 8 parts by weight, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane 1.5 parts by weight Department was put in. The residence time was 10 minutes and the barrel temperature was 180 ° C. (first barrel to seventh barrel), and the deaeration was performed in the seventh barrel to remove the remaining unreacted substances. The resulting modified polyolefin resin had a weight average molecular weight of 49,000, a maleic anhydride graft weight of 5.2% by weight, and a lauryl methacrylate graft weight of 6.2% by weight.
[0041]
(Example 3)
In a twin screw extruder with L / D = 34 and φ = 40 mm, propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (propylene component 68 mol%, ethylene component 8 mol%, butene component 24 mol%, weight average molecular weight 50, 000) 100 parts by weight, itaconic anhydride 12 parts by weight, tridecyl acrylate 6 parts by weight, lauroyl peroxide 2 parts by weight. The residence time was 10 minutes, the barrel temperature was 190 ° C. (first barrel to seventh barrel), and the deaeration was performed in the seventh barrel to remove the remaining unreacted substances. The resulting modified polyolefin resin had a weight average molecular weight of 47,000, an itaconic anhydride graft weight of 7.5% by weight, and a tridecyl acrylate graft weight of 4.6% by weight.
[0042]
Example 4
100 g of propylene-ethylene copolymer (propylene component 97.5 mol%, ethylene component 2.5 mol%, weight average molecular weight 250,000) in a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, condenser, and dropping funnel Was dissolved in 400 g of toluene by heating, 1 g of dicumyl peroxide was added dropwise with stirring while maintaining the system temperature at 110 ° C., and then subjected to degradation treatment for 1 hour. Next, 15 g of citraconic anhydride, 20 g of stearyl methacrylate, and 0.5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise over 3 hours, and the reaction was further continued for 1 hour. After the reaction, after cooling to room temperature, the reaction product was put into a large amount of acetone for purification, and the weight average molecular weight was 76,000, the citraconic anhydride graft weight was 9.4% by weight, and the stearyl methacrylate graft weight. 13.8 weight% modified polyolefin resin was obtained.
[0043]
(Example 5)
In a twin screw extruder with L / D = 34 and φ = 40 mm, propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (propylene component 68 mol%, ethylene component 8 mol%, butene component 24 mol%, weight average molecular weight 50, 000) 100 parts by weight, itaconic anhydride 4 parts by weight, octyl methacrylate 2 parts by weight, stearyl methacrylate 2 parts by weight, and di-t-butyl peroxide 1.5 parts by weight. The residence time was 10 minutes and the barrel temperature was 160 ° C. (first to seventh barrels), and the deaeration was performed in the seventh barrel to remove the remaining unreacted substances. The weight average molecular weight of the modified polyolefin resin obtained was 45,000, the graft weight of itaconic anhydride was 2.6% by weight, and the total graft weight of octyl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate was 3.0% by weight.
[0044]
(Comparative Example 1)
100 g of propylene-ethylene copolymer (propylene component 97.5 mol%, ethylene component 2.5 mol%, weight average molecular weight 250,000) in a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, condenser, and dropping funnel Was dissolved in 400 g of toluene by heating, 1 g of dicumyl peroxide was added dropwise with stirring while maintaining the system temperature at 110 ° C., and then subjected to degradation treatment for 1 hour. Next, 2 g of aconitic anhydride and 0.5 g of benzoyl peroxide were added dropwise over 3 hours, followed by further reaction for 1 hour. After the reaction, after cooling to room temperature, the reaction product was put into a large amount of acetone and purified to obtain a modified polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of 49,000 and an aconitic anhydride graft weight of 1.1% by weight. It was.
[0045]
(Comparative Example 2)
In a twin screw extruder with L / D = 34 and φ = 40 mm, propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (propylene component 68 mol%, ethylene component 8 mol%, butene component 24 mol%, weight average molecular weight 50, 000) 100 parts by weight, itaconic anhydride 50 parts by weight, tridecyl acrylate 6 parts by weight, lauroyl peroxide 2 parts by weight. The residence time was 10 minutes and the barrel temperature was 170 ° C. (first to seventh barrels), and the deaeration was performed in the seventh barrel to remove the remaining unreacted substances. The resulting modified polyolefin resin had a weight average molecular weight of 18,000, a graft weight of itaconic anhydride of 22.6% by weight, and a graft weight of tridecyl acrylate of 3.1% by weight.
[0046]
(Comparative Example 3)
In a twin screw extruder with L / D = 34 and φ = 40 mm, propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (propylene component 68 mol%, ethylene component 8 mol%, butene component 24 mol%, weight average molecular weight 50, 000) 100 parts by weight, itaconic anhydride 12 parts by weight, tridecyl acrylate 200 parts by weight, lauroyl peroxide 2 parts by weight. The residence time was 10 minutes and the barrel temperature was 170 ° C. (first to seventh barrels), and the deaeration was performed in the seventh barrel to remove the remaining unreacted substances. There were many solvent-insoluble parts, and it was unusable.
[0047]
(Comparative Example 4)
In a twin screw extruder with L / D = 34 and φ = 40 mm, propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (propylene component 68 mol%, ethylene component 8 mol%, butene component 24 mol%, weight average molecular weight 50, 000) 100 parts by weight, maleic anhydride 8 parts by weight, methyl methacrylate 8 parts by weight, perbutyl I (manufactured by NOF Corporation) 1.5 parts by weight. The residence time was 10 minutes, the barrel temperature was 150 ° C. (first to seventh barrels), and the reaction was performed by deaeration in the seventh barrel to remove the remaining unreacted substances. The resulting modified polyolefin resin had a weight average molecular weight of 47,000, a maleic anhydride graft weight of 4.7% by weight, and a methyl methacrylate graft weight of 6.4% by weight.
[0048]
(Comparative Example 5)
In a twin screw extruder with L / D = 34 and φ = 40 mm, propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (propylene component 68 mol%, ethylene component 8 mol%, butene component 24 mol%, weight average molecular weight 50, 000) 100 parts by weight, maleic anhydride 8 parts by weight, 2-ethyl stearyl acrylate 8 parts by weight, and dicumyl peroxide 1.5 parts by weight. The residence time was 10 minutes and the barrel temperature was 180 ° C. (first barrel to seventh barrel), and the deaeration was performed in the seventh barrel to remove the remaining unreacted substances. The weight average molecular weight of the modified polyolefin resin thus obtained was 47,000, the graft weight of maleic anhydride was 4.5% by weight, and the graft weight of 2-ethylstearyl acrylate was 6.5% by weight.
[0049]
[Test 1 (solvent solubility)]
For the modified polyolefin resins obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, a 10 wt% toluene solution, a 20 wt% ethylcyclohexane solution, and a 20 wt% n-hexane solution were prepared at 70 to 80 ° C. After cooling to room temperature, the solution was allowed to stand for 1 week to evaluate the solvent solubility. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0050]
[Table 1]
Table 1 Test results
Figure 0004441151
Note) Solvent solubility ○: Good △: Turbidity ×: Insoluble
[0051]
[Test 2 (Adhesion test)]
For the modified polyolefin resins obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, two types of samples, a 10 wt% toluene solution and a 20 wt% ethylcyclohexane / methylethylketone (= 8/2) solution, were prepared, The following tests were conducted. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. (Note that the polyolefin resin obtained in Comparative Example 3 was insoluble in a solvent because of the presence of a gel formed by crosslinking and an ultra-high molecular weight, so the following test could not be performed.)
[0052]
・ Tack test
A sample was applied to a high-density polyethylene film not subjected to surface treatment and a polypropylene film using a # 20 Meyer bar and dried at room temperature for 15 hours. The test piece was bent so that the coating surfaces overlap each other, lightly pressed with a finger, and then peeled off. The tack was evaluated from the ease of peeling.
[0053]
-Film room temperature adhesion test
Similar to the tack test, the cellophane adhesive tape was adhered onto the coating surface of the coated film obtained by drying at room temperature for 15 hours, and then peeled off in the direction of 180 degrees, and the remaining coating surface was observed. did.
[0054]
・ Adhesion test
The sample was spray-coated on an ultra-high rigidity polypropylene plate so that the dry film thickness was 10 μm or more and 15 μm or less, and dried at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. After leaving the test piece at room temperature for 3 days, make a cut on the surface of the coating film with a cutter to make 100 grids at 1mm intervals, and adhere cellophane adhesive tape on it in the direction of 180 degrees After peeling off 5 times, the number of remaining grids (X) was counted and displayed as the remaining number (X / 100) of 100 grids produced.
[0055]
・ Heat seal strength test
A sample was applied to a corona surface-treated polypropylene film using a # 20 Meyer bar and dried at room temperature for 15 hours. The coated surfaces are overlapped with each other. 1.5kg / cm using 276 heat seal tester (Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho)2, 90 ° C. for 10 seconds. Each test piece was cut to a width of 1 cm, peeled off using a tensile tester under conditions of 5 kg weight and 100 mm / min, and the peel strength was measured. The test was performed three times, and the average value was taken as the result.
[0056]
[Table 2]
Table 2 Test results (toluene solution)
Figure 0004441151
Film room temperature adhesion test ○: Good △: Partial peeling ×: Peeling or cohesive failure
In the samples after the heat seal strength measurement of Examples 1 to 5, the release surface was not from the base material but from the adhesive layer.
[0057]
[Table 3]
Table 3 Test results (ethyl cyclohexane / methyl ethyl ketone solution)
Figure 0004441151
Film room temperature adhesion test ○: Good △: Partial peeling ×: Peeling or cohesive failure
In the samples after the heat seal strength measurement of Examples 1 to 5, the release surface was not from the base material but from the adhesive layer.
[0058]
[Test 3 (Paint test)]
For the modified polyolefin resins obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, two types of samples, 40 wt% toluene solution and 40 wt% ethyl cyclohexane / methyl ethyl ketone (= 8/2) solution, were prepared, A paint was prepared as a binder resin with the following composition.
Binder resin (each sample): 100 parts by weight
Alkyd resin (Phthalkid V904 Hitachi Chemical): 15 〃
TiO2                                          : 5 〃
Carbon black: 1 〃
Petal: 2 〃
Talc: 15 〃
Silica matting agent: 5 〃
After kneading the above composition in a sand mill for about 1 hour, the toluene sample is toluene and the ethylcyclohexane / methylethylketone sample is ethylcyclohexane / methylethylketone (= 8 / It was diluted and adjusted in 2). Each paint was spray-applied to an ultra-high rigidity propylene plate so that the dry film thickness was 30 μm or more and 35 μm or less, dried at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then baked at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. The test piece was allowed to stand at room temperature for 48 hours, and then the following test was performed. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
[0059]
・ Adhesion test
A cross cut test similar to Test 2 was performed.
[0060]
・ Temperature resistance test
The test piece was immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. for 240 hours, the state of the coating film was visually observed, and an adhesion test was conducted by a cross-cut test.
[0061]
・ Gasoline resistance test
On each surface of the coating film, a scratch (x mark) reaching the substrate was put with a cutter knife, immersed in gasoline, and the state of the coating film was visually observed.
[0062]
[Table 4]
Table 4 Test results (toluene solution)
Figure 0004441151
Since Comparative Example 3 was insoluble in the solvent, it could not be evaluated.
[0063]
[Table 5]
Table 5 Test results (ethyl cyclohexane / methyl ethyl ketone solution)
Figure 0004441151
Since Comparative Example 3 was insoluble in the solvent, it could not be evaluated.
[0064]
[Test 4 (Primer test)]
For the modified polyolefin resins obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, two types of samples, a 10 wt% toluene solution and a 20 wt% ethylcyclohexane / methylethylketone (= 8/2) solution, were prepared. This sample was spray-coated on an ultra-rigid polypropylene plate so that the dry film thickness was 10 to 15 μm and dried at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. Next, the two-pack type top coat white paint was spray-coated so that the dry film thickness was 45 to 50 μm and left at room temperature for 15 minutes, followed by baking at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes. The test piece was allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 days, and then the same test as in Test 3 was performed. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.
[0065]
[Table 6]
Table 6 Test results (toluene solution)
Figure 0004441151
Since Comparative Example 3 was insoluble in the solvent, it could not be evaluated.
[0066]
[Table 7]
Table 7 Test results (ethyl cyclohexane / methyl ethyl ketone solution)
Figure 0004441151
Since Comparative Example 3 was insoluble in the solvent, it could not be evaluated.
[0067]
[Test 5 (ink test)]
About the modified polyolefin resin obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5, the sample of a 40 weight% ethylcyclohexane / butyl acetate (70/30, weight ratio) solution was prepared, respectively, and the following compounding | blending was carried out as binder resin. Adjusted the ink.
Binder resin (each sample): 100 parts by weight
Urethane resin for ink: 50 〃
TiO2                              : 100 〃
Ethyl acetate: 100 〃
Isopropyl alcohol: 50 〃
The above composition was kneaded with a paint shaker to prepare a white printing ink. The obtained printing ink was applied to each film of stretched polypropylene (OPP), high density polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon (NY) with a # 12 Meyer bar. Cellophane tape was applied to the coated surface, and the state of the coated surface when it was rapidly peeled off was visually observed. In addition, the compatibility was evaluated from the state of the solution after the meat paste and the state of the dry film. The results are shown in Table 8.
[0068]
[Table 8]
Table 8 Test results
Figure 0004441151
Compatibility ○: Good △: Turbidity ×: Two-layer separation
Adhesiveness ○: Not peeled △: Partially peeled ×: Almost peeled
Since Comparative Example 3 was insoluble in the solvent, it could not be evaluated.
[0069]
[Test 6]
A predetermined amount of the curing agent shown in the table was blended in 100 g of a 10 wt% toluene solution of the modified polyolefin resin obtained in Example 2 and dissolved uniformly. For each sample, a heat seal strength test similar to Test 2 and a primer test similar to Test 4 were performed. Further, gasohol resistance test was conducted using gasohol (gasoline / ethanol = 9/1) instead of gasoline used in the gasoline resistance test. The results are shown in Table 9.
[0070]
[Table 9]
Table 9 Test results
Figure 0004441151
note) * 1: 1% dibutyltin dilaurate
* 2: Made by Mitsubishi Chemical, 1% dibutyltin dilaurate
[0071]
【The invention's effect】
The modified polyolefin resin of the present invention has the following effects compared to conventional ones.
(1) No tack and excellent adhesion.
(2) The solubility is excellent not only in aromatic solvents but also in non-aromatic solvents.
(3) Excellent compatibility with different types of other resins.
(4) In particular, the sample after the heat seal strength measurement has a strong adhesion to a nonpolar substrate because the peeled surface is not from the substrate but from the adhesive layer.
(5) When a curing agent is blended, the solvent resistance (gasohol resistance) is improved. Furthermore, the heat seal strength is strong enough to break the material of the base film.
From the above points, the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is particularly useful for adhesives, primers, paints and inks.

Claims (8)

ポリオレフィン樹脂に、不飽和ポリカルボン酸あるいはその誘導体(A)、及び(メタ)アクリル酸オクチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸トリデシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリルから選ばれる少なくとも1種である(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(B)を添加して、溶剤に加熱溶解するか、またはバンバリーミキサー、ニーダー又は押出機を使用して溶融し、グラフト変性した変性ポリオレフィン樹脂であって、該変性ポリオレフィン樹脂に(A)、(B)が各々0.1〜20重量%、0.1〜30重量%含有され、かつ重量平均分子量が15,000〜150,000である変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。As the polyolefin resin, at least one selected from unsaturated polycarboxylic acid or its derivative (A), and octyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, and stearyl (meth) acrylate in a (meth) adding acrylic acid ester (B), or heated and dissolved in a solvent or a Banbury mixer, and melted using a kneader or an extruder, a graft-modified modified polyolefin resin, the modified A modified polyolefin resin in which (A) and (B) are contained in the polyolefin resin in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight and 0.1 to 30% by weight, respectively, and the weight average molecular weight is 15,000 to 150,000. 前記不飽和ポリカルボン酸あるいはその誘導体(A)が、無水イタコン酸および/又は無水マレイン酸である請求項1記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。  The modified polyolefin resin according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated polycarboxylic acid or derivative (A) thereof is itaconic anhydride and / or maleic anhydride. 前記ポリオレフィン樹脂が、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン−ブテン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−ブテン共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1又は2記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。The modified polyolefin resin according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the polyolefin resin is at least one selected from an ethylene-propylene copolymer, a propylene-butene copolymer, and an ethylene-propylene-butene copolymer. 請求項1〜いずれか1項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂に、エポキシ、ポリイソシアネート、ポリオール、ポリアミン、あるいはそれらの官能基が保護基でブロックされた硬化剤から選ばれる硬化剤を配合したことを特徴とする、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物。The modified polyolefin resin according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a curing agent selected from epoxy, polyisocyanate, polyol, polyamine, or a curing agent in which a functional group thereof is blocked with a protective group is blended. A modified polyolefin resin composition. 請求項1〜いずれか1項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は請求項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含む接着剤。An adhesive comprising the modified polyolefin resin according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the modified polyolefin resin composition according to claim 4 . 請求項1〜いずれか1項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は請求項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含むプライマー。The primer containing the modified polyolefin resin of any one of Claims 1-3, or the modified polyolefin resin composition of Claim 4 . 請求項1〜いずれか1項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は請求項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含む塗料。The coating material containing the modified polyolefin resin of any one of Claims 1-3, or the modified polyolefin resin composition of Claim 4 . 請求項1〜いずれか1項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂又は請求項記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂組成物を含むインキ。An ink comprising the modified polyolefin resin according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the modified polyolefin resin composition according to claim 4 .
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