JP4220083B2 - Suction dry distillation gasification combustion equipment for mature solid substances - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001]
The present invention relates to a technique for incinerating a solid substance similar to industrial waste or regenerating it into a modified carbonizer.
[Prior art]
[0002]
Some by-products in production activities and by-products from economic life activities can be converted to effective heat by incineration, but are left unused due to processing restrictions and technical difficulties Many methods have been devised because they cannot be relaxed in the social environment, but the use of them is stagnant as it cannot clear the constraints unless it is a large device, and the development of effective utilization processing technology Is needed.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0003]
The present inventor has intensively studied what should be done in order to overcome the technical difficulties in the previous paragraph in the current social environment,
▲ I ▼ Solid materials, which are industrial waste resources to be treated, reach high temperature complete combustion based on the characteristics of high ignition point temperature, weak self-combustion power, coarseness and large quantity. , A heat exchange means for converting the combustion heat into effective steam heat.
(B) Means that can adjust the combustion results such as complete ashing or high-temperature combustion carbonization according to the material while taking into account the characteristics of the material of the previous item.
▲ C: A means of overcoming the burning process of these substances demanded by society is imposed by severe conditions.
A specific technical goal was set.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0004]
The present inventors have already filed an application for improvement of combustion means (Patent Application No. 7-77060) and filed on January 7, 1999 in accordance with it-Carbonization device for mature plant material (Patent Application No. 11- No. 40473) to improve and expand the target substance and means, and apply for domestic priority.
The mature solid material includes, for example, a by-product such as a mature plant body, that is, a by-product in which the formation of a lignin layer is completed by maturation, or a waste by-product of a material that has been completed through economic life activities. The former can be further added value by carbonizing at high temperature, but the latter can be completely ashed by high temperature combustion under severe conditions.
All of the solid substances have a long combustion process of dry distillation → gasification → combustion reaction due to the characteristics of {circle around (1)} above, so the furnace of the present application has been developed as a countermeasure.
[0005]
The newly developed furnace is equipped with a tilt furnace with a combustion chamber integrated in the solid furnace and the base. (1) Supply of materials according to the material to be treated, (2) Suction power in the chimney, (3) A mechanism that correlates and adjusts the three factors of the counterflow air flow rate contributes to solving the problem.
[0006]
In addition, the current social environment is in line with the strictest importance of the quality of combustion exhaust gas, making use of the characteristics of the furnace structure and combustion air supply method that can utilize the power of far-infrared rays, and by adding auxiliary combustion substances, etc. While suppressing the amount to the minimum, the generation of NOx is reduced, and high temperature complete combustion exceeding the production zone of malignant gas such as dioxin and the heat exchange water pipe corrosion zone is reached.
[0007]
Furthermore, the addition of marine humic substances is characterized by the fact that the substance is present in a state close to the raw material, and is structurally unsaturated and has high base substitution performance. It aims to actively purify the environment by contributing to the purification of combustion gases.
【Example】
[0008]
In the following, based on the drawings, the device structure, combustion action and adjustment of the embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a suction dry distillation gasification combustion apparatus.
1-Solid base furnace body, but the cross section is circular in order to connect the heat exchange water pipe to the top.
2- is an upper heat exchange furnace body. 3- is a tilting furnace body, and the combustion chamber is integrated with the base furnace body. It is a furnace that takes charge of the dry distillation stage. It is desirable that the material flow is flat, so that the bottom surface is flat and the upper side is flat. Semicircular. 4- is a furnace inner surface furnace material of 1 and 2, which is composed of casters with high heat resistance (1,500 ° C resistance) and ore silica black from Hokkaido, and materials with strong far-infrared radiation of volcanic lava gravel. And molding. 5- is a plurality of material dispersing devices. Reference numeral 6 denotes a material supply port on which the material supply device 7- is mounted. 8- is a burner port and is provided with an air supply control mechanism, and a 9-burner is initially mounted. 10- is a serial high-pressure air injection pipe connected to a 13-external high-pressure blower, and 11- is a trumpet single-row high-pressure air injection apparatus connected to a 12-external high-pressure blower. 10-2 and 11-2 become a combustion reaction layer by each air film, and become an electromagnetic wave barrier. 14- is a heat exchange once-through water pipe that is housed in 2 furnaces, a lower part is connected to a 15-cascade pump, and an upper end supplies steam to the outside via a 16-pressure valve. 17- is the chimney base and 18- is the chimney. Reference numeral 19- denotes a venturi scrubber injection port which is connected to a 20-external high-pressure blower. 21- is a furnace bottom and 21-2 is a combustion site. 22- is a combustion residue reservoir. The reservoir is fitted with a 23-water cooled scraping screw.
[0009]
Based on the above configuration, when 20 high-pressure blowers are operated, 19 venturi scrubbers function and a strong negative pressure is generated in the furnace. When significant moisture and material are supplied from 17 and the 9 burner is ignited, the smoke descends to the base and then flows into 18 chimneys. When the ignition is stabilized, first, when the high pressure blowers 12 and 13 are operated for 13 minutes, high pressure air is injected from 10 and 11, combustion reaction layers 10-2 and 11-2 are formed, and the inside of the furnace rapidly If the temperature is high and the fiber material is used, the burner is removed and the air conditioner is operated. If the material is coarse (such as RDF), the burner ignition is continued.
The material bounces at a plurality of material dispersing devices of 5, while passing through the bottom of the tilting furnace of 3 and passes through the dry distillation gasification stage, so that ash is liquefied with water or carbide is extinguished and cooled. .
Each furnace wall of 4 reflects far-infrared rays, and in 10-2 and 11-2, a severe combustion reaction occurs and becomes an electromagnetic wave barrier. In Fig. 3, dry distillation gasification progressed, and the combustion product that reached 21 became the highest temperature, and the radiant heat rays emitted from the combustion site of 21-2 were directly irradiated to the 14 heat exchange once-through water pipes, and the high rate of heat exchange progressed and the efficiency Steam is often generated, and the 16 pressure valves are pushed up and supplied to the outside. After the heat exchange, the flue gas is ventilated by venturi scrubber air and discharged from the chimney.
[0010]
When the device function of the present invention is summarized again,
The combustion heat exchange furnace of the present application has a solid base furnace and a tilting furnace integrated into the combustion chamber, and a long process of dry distillation → gasification → combustion reaction is sufficiently performed at each position under a strong negative pressure. Developed to give the reaction time lapse, create and maintain a high-temperature combustion atmosphere in a long stroke, complete vaporization and gasification of organic matter (cellulose) and put it into a steamed state. In this respect, the technical idea is different from the conventional method in which air is directly blown into the fuel.
[0011]
The inner wall of the furnace is sufficiently made of a plurality of far infrared radiation functional materials having high combustion promotion efficiency, and is called supply of combustion products to which a plurality of auxiliary substances are added, suction power of a chimney, and supply of combustion air 3 When operating while correlating the two factors, each set function operates, but in addition to that, highly efficient far-infrared rays are radiated and reflected from the inner wall furnace material, and electromagnetic waves generated by high-pressure combustion air injection in the counterflow The barrier also exhibits advanced functions, and the encased combustion section becomes increasingly hot, and the fuel material is subjected to the synergistic action of these heat rays and the organic matter is gasified and burned out. As a result, the radiation width radiation line directly irradiated from the combustion site to the heat exchange water pipe enhances the heat exchange function with the aid of far infrared rays.
[0012]
In the tilting furnace again, they proceed under strong negative pressure, so the combustion reaction is intense on the air blowing side, and the material flowing through the bottom of the furnace is irradiated with heat rays. The material layer that flows along the bottom of the furnace and the layer that flows while the vaporized gas burns and emits electromagnetic waves are separated by the difference in mass between the gas and solid, and the radiation heat ray-electromagnetic wave radiation has a radiation pressure function. This is the mechanism that completes the combustion by enclosing the carbonization in the vertical furnace at the position of the bottom of the solid furnace that has reached the dry-type carbonization by the action of the Under the mechanism in which the combustion method of the present application controls the supply of combustion air, especially in a tilting furnace, the injected high-pressure air reacts immediately with the combustion gas vaporized in dry distillation, so the oxygen is close to the injection device. It will be consumed. Therefore, oxygen does not reach the material layer, and only gasification progresses by irradiation with heat rays. As a result, the material flow layer transitions and flows in an oxygen-deficient state due to the above-mentioned relationship between gas and solid, and reaches the carbonization region. .
If the amount of supply is reduced according to the quality of the material and the residence time in the furnace is lengthened, it will completely ash, and if the amount of supply is increased and the flow rate is increased, the organic matter (cellulose etc.) will be gasified and the ligrin layer will remain. If it is taken out in the state where it is, it becomes a carbonized material of activated carbon structure. This technical feature of the new combustion method found from the viewpoint of heat exchange, which is different from the conventional combustion technology idea, can exert its effect.
【The invention's effect】
[0013]
As described in detail above, the apparatus of the present invention achieves complete heat exchange and high-rate heat exchange based on the essential characteristics of the substance to be treated.
In today's social environment, the disposal of industrial waste resources and the conversion to energy sources are issues that cannot be relaxed for a day. In addition, for mature plant resource materials, the benefits of material recycling are enormous, creating high added value by reducing the part that is carbonized, that is, converted into combustion gas, and producing large added value by using high-quality carbon material. In addition, social demands that require it are expanding from the perspective of environmental purification for the survival of humankind. There are many fields where the device of the present application can contribute to society together with a mechanism aimed at purifying flue gas in the combustion process.
[0014]
It should be noted that the present application stops at the stage of combustion and heat exchange, such as the environmental purification type high efficiency heat exchange combustion apparatus filed on December 16, 2010, the patent application filed earlier by the present inventors, and the like. In connection with the environmentally-purified waste oil combustion power generation device submitted on September 16, 2011, in accordance with the characteristics of the solid material to be processed, the field of combined use with multiple prior applications, especially for the solid material by the tilting furnace It aims to make the suction dry distillation gasification process more complete.
Specific use items include carbonization of excellent mature plant fiber materials, conversion of useful resources by carbonization of wood chips and building waste materials, and heat conversion and improvement of heat exchange efficiency when generating power by converting RDF into domestic waste. In addition, the fact that magnesium can be used as a combustion aid in the 21st century, which is said to be the magnesium era, greatly contributes to society by improving the utilization effect of Japan's pride as an environment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of an apparatus for verifying gasification of a mature solid substance by suction dry distillation.
[Explanation of symbols]
1- is a solid base furnace body. 2- is an upper heat exchange furnace body. 3-Tilt furnace body. 4-Interior furnace wall. 5- Material disperser. 6-Material supply port. 7-Material supply device. 8-Air supply control unit with burner port. 9-Burner. 10-series high pressure air injection device. 11-trumpet single row high pressure air injection device. Reference numerals 10-2 and 11-2 denote jet air films. 12—High pressure blower. 13—High pressure blower. 14-Heat exchange water tube. 15-Cask skate pump. 16-pressure valve. 17-Chimney base. 18-Chimney. 19-Venturi scrubber spout. 20—High pressure blower. 21-Furnace bottom. 21-2- Combustion site. 22-Combustion residue reservoir. 23-water-cooled screw.

Claims (1)

At the base position of the circular rigid combustion heat exchanger, the inside of the rigid base connecting part and the inclined part of the combustion heat exchanger having the inclined furnace part branched while the combustion chambers are integrally connected is heat resistant. It is constructed of a material with excellent radiation function such as far infrared rays, which has excellent combustion heat exchange acceleration efficiency, and is surrounded by a heat insulating material and an iron plate.
The tilting furnace has a long semicircular top and a flat cross section at the bottom, and a material supply port and a burner port are provided at the top. Combined with the mold furnace, a material dispersion device that bounces the material in the middle of the bottom is provided, and the top furnace top facing it is provided with a plurality of series curtain-shaped high-pressure air injection tubes obliquely upward with respect to the bottom. Connected to the high-pressure blower.
At the upper end of the rigid base furnace, a heat exchange once-through water pipe of a solid once-through pipe parallel type or swirl pipe type having the same inner diameter and significant height as the furnace inner diameter is overlapped, and the lower end is connected to a skate pump and the upper end Is connected to the outside through a pressure valve, and the water pipe is surrounded by the same material as the base furnace wall to form an upper heat exchange furnace.
The top of the furnace is squeezed into a chimney base, which has a chimney with a strong suction function and a strong negative pressure is working in the furnace.
A trumpet-shaped single-row curtain-shaped high-pressure air injection device facing the combustion gas flow from the center near the upper end of the rigid base furnace and facing the combustion area is provided and connected to a high-pressure blower outside the furnace. Has been.
The bottom of the rigid base furnace is a rooster structure with the bottom of the tilted furnace bottom extended, with a drop of combustion ash or charcoal opening near the end, and the fallen combustion residue is constantly pumped out with a water-cooled screw. And then liquefied or cooled with water.
When the material material to which the auxiliary combustor or the like is added is supplied from the upper part of the tilt furnace of the above-mentioned apparatus and the burner is ignited, heat is generated and the furnace wall is also heated. Infrared radiation is reflected and radiated from the heated furnace wall, and a dry-distilled gas is generated by a synergistic action and is pulled down by negative pressure. The material undergoes oxygen deficient carbonization, and by the time it reaches the base furnace, the carbonization stage is completed and it becomes a complete fuel carbon.
In a solid furnace, the radiation reaction at the counter-flow blown membrane functions efficiently, and the fuel carbon flame advances to the high-temperature radiant gas body and directly irradiates the radiant heat ray to the heat exchange water pipe to achieve a high rate of heat exchange. Progresses to achieve combustion for high efficiency heat exchange.
Based on the above functions, (1) the supply speed of the material, (2) the suction power of the chimney, and (3) the counterflow air flow are adjusted to correlate with the quality of the material. It has a structure of a mechanism capable of adjusting the combustion stage to a desired state, whether it is taken out as a carbon material, combusted until complete carbonization, or a mature solid substance gasification combustion gasification combustion apparatus.

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