JP4175626B2 - Sampling method and sampling container - Google Patents

Sampling method and sampling container Download PDF

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JP4175626B2
JP4175626B2 JP2003095563A JP2003095563A JP4175626B2 JP 4175626 B2 JP4175626 B2 JP 4175626B2 JP 2003095563 A JP2003095563 A JP 2003095563A JP 2003095563 A JP2003095563 A JP 2003095563A JP 4175626 B2 JP4175626 B2 JP 4175626B2
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container
chuck
sampling
upper opening
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JP2004301701A (en
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哲郎 大塚
秀則 前馬
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Nisso Engineering Co Ltd
Nippon Soda Co Ltd
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Nisso Engineering Co Ltd
Nippon Soda Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、対象溶液が有害物質を含むような場合に好適なサンプリング方法及びそれに用いられる試料採取用容器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
化学プラントには、例えば、ポリ塩化ビフェニル(以下、「PCB」と略称する)やダイオキシン類等の有害物質を含む溶液を分解して無害化することがある。この処理では、対象溶液の濃度を計測して該計測値に基づいて分解用薬剤の投入量を算出したり、処理後等に有害物質が分解されて無くなったことを計測する。このような計測は、下記文献1と同様に、対象溶液等をライン中からサンプリング配管(以下、「専用配管」と略称する)に流出させて容器に採取し、該採取液について行われる。なお、図6は文献1のものを示している。この要部は発酵タンク50に循環式の専用配管51を設定し、該配管51が開閉弁52,53と共にタンク50よりH1寸法下側に注入部54を有し、該注入部54よりガスを吹き込んでタンク50より配管51へ液を導出させて開閉弁53を介し容器55へ採取することにより、ポンプを不要にし不純物混入等の虞を回避するものである。
【0003】
ところで、PCB等を含む溶液では、専用配管がグローブボックス等の採取室に導かれ、該採取室で開閉弁を介し配管内溶液をノズルより容器に採取するが、その場合、専用配管に設けられたチャックに容器を取り付けた状態で採取したり、更にチャック側に設けられた排気孔等により採取時における蒸発物等を吸引排気するようにして、危険回避等の対策が施される。また、試料容器としては、採取後の検査方法に応じ設計され、又、前記排気孔を設ける態様ではチャックに密封状態に取付可能に形成される。安全性の観点からは、下記文献2の容器ホルダ等を類推して、容器が不用意に倒れないようホルダを付設することも考えられる。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−19743号公報(第2頁〜第3頁、図1)
【特許文献2】
特開平9−39912号公報(第2頁〜第4頁、図1〜図5)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上の従来サンプリング方法及び容器では次のようなことが問題となる。
(1)、PCB等を含む溶液では、作業者がグローブボックス等の採取室内においてチャックに容器を装着し、バルブ操作により専用配管の溶液を容器に採取した後、容器をチャックから外して蓋を閉める。この一連の操作では、操作マニアルに従って行うことにより液漏れを防いだり、手袋を介し作業することで危険を回避するようにしている。しかし、作業者の熟練度だけではなく、容器が小さいこと等に起因した不安定要因があり、更なる安全対策を図りたい。
(2)、容器としては、計測用試料を入れるため内容積が20〜60cc程度と小さく、又、後処理等の関係で余り大きくしたくない。このため、専用配管側のチャックに容器を取り付ける態様では、例えば、容器を螺合方式により着脱する場合を想定すると、チャック側の係脱部(雌ねじ部等)も相対的に小さくなり、そこに容器の係脱部(上開口周囲の雄ねじ部等)を挿入しなくてはならず、容器装着性が悪い。これは、特に、採取室の比較的狭い窓より行う場合、更に該窓に取り付けられた手袋を介し行うような態様において操作性阻害要因となる。
(3)、同様な理由により、上記したチャックに容器の上開口周囲を密封状態に取り付け、排気孔により容器内の気体(蒸発物等)を吸引排気する態様では、チャックに対しノズル及び排気孔を接近して配置しなくてはならず、又、排気孔の下端を容器の上開口内に挿入可能に配置しなければならないため、加工が複雑になるだけではなく、容器を外す際にノズル下端に不用意に当たる等の不安定要因もあり、それらを多少なりとも解消したい。
【0006】
本発明は、以上のような課題を一掃するため工夫されたものである。その目的は、安全性、着脱操作性、関連部の加工性等に優れ、それにより信頼性を向上することにある。他の目的は以下の内容説明の中で明らかにする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
以上の目的を達成するため本発明は、対象液が有害物質を含む溶液であり、該溶液を流す配管が開閉弁及びノズル並びに容器用チャックを有し、前記開閉弁を介し前記溶液の所要量を前記ノズルより容器に採取するサンプリング方法において、前記容器は、上開口している容器本体と、前記上開口を閉じる蓋と、前記容器本体を収容した状態で前記蓋を該容器本体に着脱操作可能な大きさの上開口した外ケースと、前記外ケースに内設されて前記容器本体を着脱自在に拘束する凹部を有した拘束材とを備え、前記チャックに前記外ケースを取り付けて、前記ノズルを前記外ケースの上開口より前記容器本体の上開口内へ挿入した状態で前記溶液を採取し、前記外ケースを前記チャックから外した後、前記容器本体の上開口を前記蓋で前記外ケース上開口から入れて閉じることを特徴としている。
【0008】
(工夫点等)以上のサンプリング方法は、従来と比べて、試料採取用容器は容器本体が外ケースに収容保持されていること、配管側のチャックに外ケースを介して取り付けられること、蓋を外ケースの上開口より容器本体に閉じ操作されること等で変更されている。そして、本発明では、容器をチャックから外すとき等にノズルより残滴が不用意に滴下しても外ケース内で受け止めて作業者側への危険を回避できるようにする。同時に、外ケースがホルダ等としても機能するため、例えば、採取後に容器本体に蓋を閉める際に外ケース側を把持して安全性を確保できるようにする。同時に、配管側のチャックに外ケースを介して取り付けるため、容器本体が小さくてもチャック側の係脱部を外ケースに応じ相対的に大きくし易く、結果としてチャックに対する着脱性を良好にできる。また、以上の本発明は、外ケースをチャックから外した後、容器本体の上開口を蓋で前記外ケースの上開口から入れて閉じる構成である。一方、請求項2は採取時に排気する態様であり、前記チャックは、前記配管側に付設されて前記ノズルの先端部を串差し状に挿通していると共に、前記外ケースを略密封状態に取り付けた状態で下端が前記外ケースの上開口内に位置する排気孔を有しており、前記容器本体内の気体等を前記外ケース及び前記排気孔を介し吸引可能にする構成である。この場合には、チャックに付設されるノズルと排気孔との間隔寸法を外ケースの上開口に応じて拡大してチャック加工を良好にしたり、採取後に容器をチャックから外す際にノズルに当たり難くする。
【0009】
これに対し、請求項3の発明は、対象液が有害物質を含む溶液であり、該溶液を流す配管が開閉弁及びノズル並びに容器用チャックを有している場合に用いられ、前記チャックに取り付けられて前記溶液を前記開閉弁及び前記ノズルを介し前記溶液の所要量を入れる試料採取用容器において、前記容器は、上開口している容器本体と、前記上開口を閉じる蓋と、前記容器本体を収容した状態で前記蓋を該容器本体に着脱操作可能な大きさの上開口した外ケースと、前記外ケースに内設されて前記容器本体を着脱自在に拘束する凹部を有した拘束材とを備えているとともに、前記外ケースは、該外ケースの上開口周囲に設けられて前記チャックに着脱する係脱部と、前記係脱部に着脱されて該外ケースの上開口を開閉する蓋を有していることである。以上の構成では、まず、外ケースが、該外ケースの上開口を開閉する蓋を有し、当該蓋に対する係脱部と、前記チャックに対する係脱部とを兼用しているため、外ケースの簡易化を図り易くしたり、外ケースが蓋で閉じられるため以後に行われる計測部側への搬送等における安全性を確保できるようにする。また、外ケースとしては、例えば、外ケース内に一体に設けた凹状拘束部により容器本体を回転不能に保持してもよいが、別体の拘束材を用いると、容器本体に対する汎用性が得られ、拘束材だけを必要に応じ交換することも可能となる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を適用したサンプリング方法及び容器について図面を参照しながら説明する。図1はサンプリング方法を採取室と共に模式的に示す構成図、図2は図1の採取室における配管側のチャック及びノズル等を示す構成図、図3は容器構成を示す図、図4はサンプリング方法の原理図、図5は適用例としてPCBを含む溶液を分解再生する化学プラントを模式的に示している。以下の説明では、発明サンプリング方法の適用例を図5により概説した後、サンプリング部及び容器構成を作動特徴と共に詳述する。
【0011】
(適用例)図5は、有害物質であるPCBを含む溶液(トランスやコンデンサ等に用いられる絶縁油や潤滑油等、以下、これらを「廃油」と略称する)を無害化する分解再生用の化学プラント例を示している。このプラントでは、主要部として被処理油保管部A、濃度調整部B、分解反応部C、後処理部D、付帯部E等が設けられ、又、濃度調整部Bに関連して設けられたサンプリング部10A及び分解反応部Cに関連して設けられたサンプリング部10Bとを備えている。なお、本発明方法はサンプリング部10Aに適用されている。
【0012】
ここで、付帯部Eには、新油(PCBを含まない油で、回収槽8より供給される再生油等)用槽1Cと、アルカリ金属分散体(特開2001−302553を参照)用槽1Dと、不活性ガス(窒素ガス等)供給部3等が設けられている。被処理油保管部Aには、トランス等から回収された廃液を入れておく保管槽1が多数配置されている。濃度調整部Bには、保管槽1と配管2a,2b等を介して接続された濃度調整槽4が配置されている。濃度調整槽4には、廃液が保管槽1より配管2a,2b、弁1a,4a、ポンプP1等を介して所要量だけ供給される。また、配管2bには、濃度調整槽4の入口側に設けられた弁4aの上流側にサンプリング用配管11が接続されている。この配管11は、サンプリング部10Aの(後述する採取ユニット20)まで延びる流出用配管11aと、採取ユニット20から保管槽1まで延びて弁1b等を有した戻り用配管11bとからなる。そして、濃度調整槽4では、サンプリング部10Aで採取された試料を計測したPCB濃度値に基づき、供給廃液に付帯部Eの槽1Cから新油等を加えることでPCB濃度調整を行う。
【0013】
分解反応部Cには、濃度調整槽4と配管2c等を介して接続された反応槽5が配置されている。反応槽5には、前記槽4よりPCB濃度調整後の廃液が配管2c及び弁4b,5a並びにポンプP4を介して所要量だけ供給される。そして、反応槽5では、供給廃液に付帯部Eの槽1Dからアルカリ金属分散体及び供給部3から不活性ガス等を加えることで脱塩素分解処理を施しPCBを無害化する。なお、方法的には、反応槽5に対し槽1Dからアルカリ金属分散体等を入れた後、槽4よりPCB濃度調整後の廃液を所定量供給して無害化してもよい、この無害化は、サンプリング部10Bで反応槽5に接続された配管12等を介し試料を採取して確認される。
【0014】
後処理部Dには、反応槽5と配管2d等を介して接続された受槽6と、受槽6と配管2e等を介して接続された濾過装置7と、濾過装置7で濾過された再生油を入れる回収槽8と、濾過装置7で濾過された廃材を投入するホッパ9等が配置されている。そして、受槽6には、反応槽5よりPCBを分解した後の再生油が配管2d、弁5b、ポンプP5等を介して供給される。濾過装置7は、受槽6から配管2e、弁6b、ポンプP6等を介して導入される再生油について、該再生液中に存在している反応で生じる廃材を濾過し、濾過液(再生油)を回収槽8に供給し、廃材をホッパ9内へ投入する。このようにして、図5の化学プラントは、大量の廃油を連続して無害化処理するものである。
【0015】
(サンプリング部)以上の化学プラントにおいて、本発明方法及び容器はサンプリング部10Aに採用されているが、サンプリング部10Bにも類推適用してもよい。このサンプリング部10Aには、図1のごとく採取室(グローブボックス)15が外部と隔離されて設置されている。該採取室15は、上側に設けられた照明器16と、片側の開口部17を閉じるよう配置された遮蔽膜18及び該遮蔽膜18の一部に設けられて図示省略した手を差し込んで容器等を操作可能な手袋状の操作部と、該操作部より採取室内に容器30及び外ケース35等を出し入れするシャッタ付き出入口19と、前記した配管11のうち採取室15内に導かれた配管部分に介在された採取ユニット20と、採取ユニット20の真下に設けられた安全用トレーTと、下側空間部に設置された吸引ポンプ27等を備えている。そして、採取室15では、作業者が前記手袋状の操作部より手を採取室15内へ差し込んで、採取ユニット20を操作することで試料用液を採取したり、採取後に容器30を外ケース35と共に出入口19より取出可能となっている。なお、図面では遮蔽膜18が模式化されている。また、実際には出入口19が2重シャッタ構造となっており、採取室15の気密性が保たれるよう設計されている。
【0016】
採取ユニット20は、図2のごとく上記配管11の適位置に介在された本体21と、本体21に組み込まれた開閉弁22と、開閉弁22に対応して本体21に接続された連結管14と、開閉弁22により開閉されるノズル25と、本体21にボルト等で連結されて外ケース35を着脱するチャック23等を有している。
【0017】
前記本体21は概略筒形であり、前記配管11と連通する通し孔21aを形成している。この通し孔21aは、一方側が流出用配管11aに連通され、他方側が戻し用配管11bに連通されている。チャック23は、下側の保持部23A及び上側の取付部23Bからなり、ノズル25を上下串差し状に挿通している。保持部23Aは、外ケース35に対応して係脱部(雌ねじ部)23aを内周に形成している下向きの凹部状となっている。取付部23Bは、保持部23Aより径小であり、本体21の下側にボルト等により固着されている。また、チャック23は、保持部23Aの下端に開口され、かつ、取付部23Bの途中より側面に開口された状態に設けられた排気孔24を有している。該排気孔24には、図1のごとく配管26を介し吸引ポンプ27に接続されている。配管26は、排気孔24の上側開口と吸引ポンプ27との間を接続している配管26aと、吸引ポンプ27より不図示の排気処理部との間を接続している配管26bとからなる。そして、この形態では、吸引ポンプ27が配管26bに付設された弁27aの開閉作動と連動して駆動されて、チャック23の排気孔24から、チャック23に保持された外ケース35及び容器30内を吸引する。
【0018】
ノズル25は細長い管であり、上端側が本体21に装着保持されて、前記通し孔21aの一部と連通することにより配管11及び通し孔21aを介し配管11内の溶液つまり上記した廃油を下端より流出する。開閉弁22は、バルブ操作部22aを有し、該操作部22aの正逆回転により前記ノズル25の上端開口と通し孔21aの対応部との間を開閉するダイヤル式の開閉弁である。これに対し、連結管14は、上端側が供給部3側より延びる弁13a付きの配管13と接続され、下端側が前記ノズル25の上端と対向配置されている。また、連結管14は、途中に設けられてレバー14bで開閉される開閉弁14aを有し、レバー14bの開閉操作により供給部3の不活性ガスをノズル25内へ噴射し、該ノズル25に付着している廃液の液滴が全て容器30内へ吹き飛ばされるようにする。
【0019】
(容器構成)本発明の容器構造は、図3のごとく、試料液を入れる容器30と、容器30を内部に回転不能に保持した外ケース35とからなり、上述したサンプリング部10Aで使用されるが、サンプリング部10Aに限らずサンプリング部10Bにおいても類推して使用してもよい。
【0020】
容器30は、材質が透明樹脂製かガラス製であり、略矩形立体で上開口した本体31と、本体31の上開口を開閉する蓋32とからなる。本体31は、内容積が約20〜40cc程度の小さなものであり、上開口周囲に係脱部としての雄ねじ部31aを形成し、又、周囲側面にメモリ等が付設されている。蓋32は、本体31の上開口を完全に封止可能であればよい。実際には、開閉操作し易くするため、蓋周囲にフランジ部等が張出た状態に設けられている。これに対し、外ケース35は、材質が透明樹脂製であり、略有底筒形で上開口した本体36と、本体36内に挿入された拘束材33と、本体36の上開口を開閉する蓋37とからなる。本体36は、容器30より一回り大きく、拘束材33及び容器30の全体を収容可能な大きさとなっている。本体36の上開口周囲には、係脱部としての雄ねじ部36aが設けられている。この雄ねじ部36aは、蓋37側の雌ねじ部及び上記したチャック23の係脱部(雌ねじ部)23aに共に螺合可能となっている。拘束材33は、ウレタン系等の樹脂からなり、外ケース本体36内に着脱可能又は交換可能に組み込まれると共に、上面に凹部34を形成している。該凹部34は、容器本体31の下部側を回転不能かつ、差し込み自在に嵌合することにより、容器本体31を不動保持するものである。従って、形状的には、容器本体31の外形状又は断面形状に応じて設計され、例えば、容器本体31が断面楕円であれば、それに対応した断面楕円形とされる。
【0021】
(操作例)次に、サンプリング操作例を概説する。以上の採取ユニット20において、作業者は、図2等のごとくチャック23に容器30を収容した外ケース35を装着操作する。装着状態では、外ケース側本体36の上開口周囲がチャック側凹部内に略密封状態に保持され、排気孔24が本体36の上開口内に位置している。そして、開閉弁22のバルブ操作部22aを開操作すると、配管11内の廃液がノズル25より容器30内に所要量流出される。この過程では、吸引ポンプ27が駆動されており、容器20内の気体(蒸発物等)が外ケース側本体36内から排気孔24、配管26を通して吸引される。作業者は、容器本体31に液を採取した後、レバー14bを開操作して、供給部3の不活性ガスを配管13、弁13a、連結管14、開閉弁14a及び本体21からノズル25内へ噴射し、該噴射力によりノズル25の内周面に付着している液滴を容器30内へ完全に落下させる。即ち、この構造では、外ケース本体36をチャック23より離脱する際、及び離脱した後、液滴がノズル25から不用意に落下しないようにしている。そして、作業者は、外ケース本体36をチャック23より外した後、外ケース35を把持して蓋32を容器本体31の上開口に装着し、又、必要に応じ蓋37を外ケース本体36の上開口に装着する。後は、外ケース35と共に所定の計測部へ搬送されて、容器30内の採取液について濃度測定が行われることになる。
【0022】
なお、本発明は以上の形態により何ら制約されない。発明のサンプリング方法は請求項1で特定した要件を、発明の試料採取用容器は請求項で特定した要件を具備しておればよく、以上の形態を参考にして必要に応じ変更可能なものである。一例を挙げると、容器30及び拘束材33並びに外ケース35は、材質的には対象液等に応じて適宜設定され、形状的にはチャック23及び取扱性を考慮して設計される。適用例としては、図6と同様に対象液を入れた槽に直接循環式の専用配管を付設し、該配管から容器内へサンプリングする態様でも差し支えない。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明のサンプリング方法及び容器では、対象液がPCBを含む溶液の場合を想定すると、容器本体を外ケースに収容する構成により、容器をチャックから外すとき等にノズルより残滴が不用意に滴下しても外ケース内で受け止めて作業者側への危険を回避でき、採取後に容器本体に蓋を閉める際に外ケース側を把持して安全性を確保でき、配管側のチャックに対し外ケースを介して取り付けるため着脱性を良好にできる等の利点を有している。これらにより、本発明は、課題に挙げた問題を全て解消でき、加えて構成簡易に実施でき、ロボット等による自動採取も実現し易くして信頼性を向上できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明方法を適用した採取室の構成を示す模式図である。
【図2】 図1の採取室に設けられる配管側の要部を示す図である。
【図3】 図1の容器構成を示す図である。
【図4】 本発明方法の作用を模式的に示す原理図である。
【図5】 本発明適用例として分解再生用化学プラントを示す模式図である。
【図6】 サンプリング方法の従来例を示す参考図である。
【符号の説明】
1…廃油用保管槽(1a,1bは弁、2aは流出用配管)
3…供給部(不活性ガス用の供給部)
4…濃度調整槽(4a,4bは弁、2bは供給用配管、2cは流出用配管)
10A,10B…サンプリング部(15は採取室)
11…サンプリング用配管(11aは流出用配管、11bは戻し用配管)
14…連結管(14aは開閉弁、14bは操作レバー)
20…採取ユニット(21は本体、24は排気孔、25はノズル)
22…開閉弁(22aは操作部)
23…チャック(23Aは保持部、23Bは取付部)
26…吸引用の配管
27…吸引ポンプ
30…試料採取用容器(31は本体、31aは係脱部、32は蓋)
33…拘束材(34は凹部)
35…外ケース(36は本体、36aは係脱部、37は蓋)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sampling method suitable for a case where a target solution contains a harmful substance and a sampling container used for the sampling method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a chemical plant, for example, a solution containing harmful substances such as polychlorinated biphenyl (hereinafter abbreviated as “PCB”) and dioxins may be decomposed and rendered harmless. In this process, the concentration of the target solution is measured and the input amount of the decomposition drug is calculated based on the measured value, or it is measured that the harmful substance is decomposed and lost after the process. In the same manner as in Document 1 below, such measurement is performed on the collected liquid by flowing the target solution or the like from the line into a sampling pipe (hereinafter abbreviated as “dedicated pipe”) and collecting it in a container. Note that FIG. 6 shows that of Document 1. The main part is that a circulation type exclusive pipe 51 is set in the fermentation tank 50, and the pipe 51 has an injection part 54 below the tank 50 together with the opening / closing valves 52 and 53, and gas is supplied from the injection part 54. By blowing the liquid from the tank 50 to the pipe 51 and collecting the liquid into the container 55 via the on-off valve 53, the pump is unnecessary and the possibility of contamination by impurities is avoided.
[0003]
By the way, in a solution containing PCB or the like, a dedicated pipe is led to a collection chamber such as a glove box, and the solution in the pipe is collected from a nozzle into a container through an on-off valve in the collection chamber. Samples are taken with the container attached to the chuck, and further, countermeasures such as danger avoidance are taken by sucking and exhausting the evaporated material and the like at the time of sampling through an exhaust hole or the like provided on the chuck side. In addition, the sample container is designed according to the inspection method after collection, and in the aspect in which the exhaust hole is provided, the sample container is formed so as to be attached to the chuck in a sealed state. From the viewpoint of safety, it is conceivable to attach the holder so that the container does not fall inadvertently by analogy with the container holder or the like of the following Document 2.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-19743 (pages 2 to 3, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-39912 (pages 2 to 4, FIGS. 1 to 5)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The following problems arise in the above conventional sampling method and container.
(1) For a solution containing PCB, etc., an operator attaches a container to a chuck in a collection chamber such as a glove box, collects the solution in the dedicated piping into the container by operating a valve, then removes the container from the chuck and closes the lid. Close. In this series of operations, liquid leakage is prevented by performing according to the operation manual, and danger is avoided by working through gloves. However, there are instability factors not only due to the skill level of the operator but also due to the small size of the container, and we would like to take further safety measures.
(2) The container has a small internal volume of about 20 to 60 cc for containing a measurement sample, and does not want to be too large due to post-processing and the like. For this reason, in the aspect which attaches a container to the chuck | zipper by the side of exclusive piping, when the case where a container is attached or detached by a screwing method is assumed, the engagement / disengagement part (female screw part etc.) on the chuck side will also become relatively small, The engagement / disengagement part of the container (such as a male screw part around the upper opening) must be inserted, and the container mounting property is poor. In particular, when this is performed from a relatively narrow window of the collection chamber, this is an operability impediment factor in a mode in which it is performed through a glove attached to the window.
(3) For the same reason, in the aspect in which the periphery of the upper opening of the container is sealed in the above-described chuck and the gas (evaporated material, etc.) in the container is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust hole, the nozzle and the exhaust hole are in the chuck. Must be placed close to each other, and the lower end of the exhaust hole must be placed so that it can be inserted into the upper opening of the container. There are also instability factors such as inadvertently hitting the bottom edge, and we would like to eliminate them.
[0006]
The present invention has been devised to eliminate the above problems. The purpose is to improve safety by improving safety, attaching / detaching operability, workability of related parts, and the like. Other purposes will be clarified in the following description.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention for achieving the above object is a solution subject solution containing hazardous substances, piping for flowing the solution has a closing valve and a nozzle, as well as containers chuck, required the solution through the on-off valve In the sampling method of collecting the amount into a container from the nozzle, the container has a container body that is opened upward, a lid that closes the upper opening, and the lid that is attached to and detached from the container body in a state in which the container body is accommodated. An outer case having a size that can be manipulated, and a restraining member that is provided in the outer case and detachably restrains the container body, and the outer case is attached to the chuck. The solution is collected in a state where the nozzle is inserted into the upper opening of the container body from the upper opening of the outer case, and after removing the outer case from the chuck, the upper opening of the container body is covered with the lid. Outside It is characterized by a closed and put from the scan over the opening.
[0008]
Compared to the conventional sampling method, the above sampling method requires that the container body is housed and held in the outer case, attached to the piping side chuck via the outer case, It is changed by closing the container body from the upper opening of the outer case. According to the present invention, even if the residual droplets are accidentally dropped from the nozzle when the container is removed from the chuck, it can be received in the outer case to avoid danger to the operator. At the same time, since the outer case also functions as a holder or the like, for example, when the lid is closed on the container body after collection, the outer case side can be gripped to ensure safety. At the same time, since it is attached to the chuck on the piping side via the outer case, the engagement / disengagement portion on the chuck side can be made relatively large according to the outer case even if the container body is small, and as a result, the detachability to the chuck can be improved. Further, the present invention described above is configured such that after the outer case is removed from the chuck, the upper opening of the container body is inserted and closed from the upper opening of the outer case with a lid. On the other hand, Claim 2 is an aspect which exhausts at the time of sampling, and the chuck is attached to the pipe side and the tip of the nozzle is inserted in a skewered manner, and the outer case is attached in a substantially sealed state. In this state, the lower end has an exhaust hole located in the upper opening of the outer case, and the gas in the container body can be sucked through the outer case and the exhaust hole. In this case, the gap between the nozzle attached to the chuck and the exhaust hole is enlarged according to the upper opening of the outer case to improve the chucking process, or to make it difficult to hit the nozzle when removing the container from the chuck after sampling. .
[0009]
In contrast, the invention of claim 3, a solution subject solution containing hazardous substances, used in the case of piping for flowing the solution has a closing valve and a nozzle, as well as containers chuck, the chuck In a sample collection container that is attached and puts the required amount of the solution through the on-off valve and the nozzle, the container includes a container body having an upper opening, a lid for closing the upper opening, and the container An outer case having an opening that is large enough to allow the lid to be attached to and detached from the container body in a state in which the body is accommodated, and a constraining material that is provided in the outer case and that has a recess for detachably restraining the container body. The outer case is provided around the upper opening of the outer case and is attached to and detached from the chuck. The outer case is attached to and detached from the hook and opens and closes the upper opening of the outer case. that it has a lid A. In the above configuration, first, the outer case has a lid that opens and closes the upper opening of the outer case, and both the engagement / disengagement portion for the lid and the engagement / disengagement portion for the chuck are combined. The simplification is facilitated, and the outer case is closed with a lid, so that it is possible to ensure safety in the subsequent transport to the measuring unit side. Further, as the outer case, for example, the container body may be held in a non-rotatable manner by a concave constraining portion provided integrally in the outer case. However, when a separate restraining material is used, versatility with respect to the container body is obtained. Therefore, it is possible to replace only the restraint material as necessary.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A sampling method and a container to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a sampling method together with a sampling chamber, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a chuck and a nozzle on the piping side in the sampling chamber of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a container configuration, and FIG. FIG. 5 schematically shows a chemical plant for decomposing and regenerating a solution containing PCB as an application example. In the following description, an application example of the invention sampling method is outlined with reference to FIG.
[0011]
(Application example) FIG. 5 is a diagram for decomposing and regenerating a solution containing PCB, which is a harmful substance (insulating oil, lubricating oil, etc. used in transformers, capacitors, etc., hereinafter abbreviated as “waste oil”). An example of a chemical plant is shown. In this plant, an oil storage part A to be treated, a concentration adjusting part B, a decomposition reaction part C, a post-processing part D, an auxiliary part E, etc. are provided as main parts, and provided in relation to the concentration adjusting part B. A sampling unit 10B provided in association with the sampling unit 10A and the decomposition reaction unit C. The method of the present invention is applied to the sampling unit 10A.
[0012]
Here, the incidental part E includes a tank 1C for fresh oil (oil not containing PCB and supplied from the recovery tank 8) 1C, and a tank for an alkali metal dispersion (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-302553). 1D and an inert gas (nitrogen gas or the like) supply unit 3 or the like are provided. A large number of storage tanks 1 for storing waste liquid collected from a transformer or the like are arranged in the oil storage section A to be treated. In the concentration adjusting unit B, a concentration adjusting tank 4 connected to the storage tank 1 via the pipes 2a, 2b and the like is arranged. The waste liquid is supplied to the concentration adjustment tank 4 from the storage tank 1 through the pipes 2a and 2b, the valves 1a and 4a, the pump P1, and the like. A sampling pipe 11 is connected to the pipe 2b on the upstream side of the valve 4a provided on the inlet side of the concentration adjusting tank 4. The pipe 11 includes an outflow pipe 11a extending to the sampling unit 10A (collection unit 20 described later), and a return pipe 11b extending from the collection unit 20 to the storage tank 1 and having a valve 1b and the like. In the concentration adjusting tank 4, the PCB concentration is adjusted by adding new oil or the like from the tank 1C of the incidental part E to the supply waste liquid based on the PCB concentration value obtained by measuring the sample collected by the sampling unit 10A.
[0013]
In the decomposition reaction section C, a reaction tank 5 connected to the concentration adjusting tank 4 via a pipe 2c and the like is disposed. The required amount of waste liquid after PCB concentration adjustment is supplied from the tank 4 to the reaction tank 5 through the pipe 2c, valves 4b and 5a, and the pump P4. In the reaction tank 5, the alkali metal dispersion is added from the tank 1 </ b> D of the incidental part E to the supply waste liquid and the inert gas is supplied from the supply part 3 to dechlorinate and detoxify the PCB. In addition, the method may be made harmless by putting an alkali metal dispersion or the like from the tank 1D into the reaction tank 5 and then supplying a predetermined amount of waste liquid after PCB concentration adjustment from the tank 4 to make it harmless. The sample is confirmed by collecting the sample through the pipe 12 connected to the reaction vessel 5 in the sampling unit 10B.
[0014]
The post-treatment unit D includes a receiving tank 6 connected to the reaction tank 5 via the pipe 2d and the like, a filtration device 7 connected to the receiving tank 6 via the pipe 2e and the like, and regenerated oil filtered by the filtering apparatus 7 A recovery tank 8 for storing the waste, a hopper 9 for charging the waste material filtered by the filtration device 7 and the like are disposed. And the reclaimed oil after decomposing PCB from the reaction tank 5 is supplied to the receiving tank 6 through the pipe 2d, the valve 5b, the pump P5, and the like. The filtration device 7 filters the waste material generated by the reaction existing in the regenerated liquid with respect to the regenerated oil introduced from the receiving tank 6 through the pipe 2e, the valve 6b, the pump P6, etc., and the filtrate (regenerated oil) Is supplied to the collection tank 8 and the waste material is put into the hopper 9. In this way, the chemical plant of FIG. 5 continuously detoxifies a large amount of waste oil.
[0015]
(Sampling Unit) In the above chemical plant, the method and container of the present invention are adopted in the sampling unit 10A, but may be applied by analogy to the sampling unit 10B. As shown in FIG. 1, a sampling chamber (glove box) 15 is installed in the sampling unit 10A so as to be isolated from the outside. The collection chamber 15 is provided with an illuminator 16 provided on the upper side, a shielding film 18 disposed so as to close the opening 17 on one side, and a hand (not shown) provided in a part of the shielding film 18. A glove-like operation unit capable of operating the operation unit, a shutter-equipped inlet / outlet port 19 through which the container 30 and the outer case 35 and the like are taken into and out of the collection chamber, and a pipe led into the collection chamber 15 among the pipes 11 described above A sampling unit 20 interposed in the part, a safety tray T provided immediately below the sampling unit 20, a suction pump 27 installed in the lower space, and the like are provided. In the collection chamber 15, an operator inserts his / her hand into the collection chamber 15 from the glove-like operation unit and operates the collection unit 20 to collect a sample solution, or after collection, the container 30 is placed in the outer case. 35 can be taken out through the entrance 19. In the drawing, the shielding film 18 is schematically shown. Further, in practice, the entrance / exit 19 has a double shutter structure, and is designed so that the airtightness of the collection chamber 15 is maintained.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 2, the collection unit 20 includes a main body 21 interposed at an appropriate position of the pipe 11, an on-off valve 22 incorporated in the main body 21, and a connecting pipe 14 connected to the main body 21 corresponding to the on-off valve 22. And a nozzle 25 that is opened and closed by the on-off valve 22, a chuck 23 that is connected to the main body 21 with a bolt or the like, and attaches and detaches the outer case 35.
[0017]
The main body 21 has a substantially cylindrical shape and forms a through hole 21 a communicating with the pipe 11. One side of the through hole 21a communicates with the outflow pipe 11a, and the other side communicates with the return pipe 11b. The chuck 23 includes a lower holding portion 23A and an upper mounting portion 23B, and the nozzle 25 is inserted in an up and down skewer shape. The holding portion 23 </ b> A has a downward concave shape in which an engagement / disengagement portion (female screw portion) 23 a is formed on the inner periphery corresponding to the outer case 35. The attachment portion 23B is smaller in diameter than the holding portion 23A, and is fixed to the lower side of the main body 21 with a bolt or the like. In addition, the chuck 23 has an exhaust hole 24 that is opened at the lower end of the holding portion 23A and is opened to the side surface from the middle of the attachment portion 23B. The exhaust hole 24 is connected to a suction pump 27 via a pipe 26 as shown in FIG. The pipe 26 includes a pipe 26 a that connects the upper opening of the exhaust hole 24 and the suction pump 27, and a pipe 26 b that connects the exhaust processing unit (not shown) from the suction pump 27. In this embodiment, the suction pump 27 is driven in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the valve 27 a attached to the pipe 26 b, and the inside of the outer case 35 and the container 30 held by the chuck 23 from the exhaust hole 24 of the chuck 23. Aspirate.
[0018]
The nozzle 25 is an elongate pipe, and the upper end side is mounted and held on the main body 21, and communicates with a part of the through hole 21a, so that the solution in the pipe 11 through the pipe 11 and the through hole 21a, that is, the above-described waste oil is introduced from the lower end. leak. The on-off valve 22 is a dial type on-off valve that has a valve operating portion 22a and opens and closes between the upper end opening of the nozzle 25 and the corresponding portion of the through hole 21a by forward and reverse rotation of the operating portion 22a. On the other hand, the connecting pipe 14 is connected to the pipe 13 with a valve 13 a extending from the supply unit 3 side at the upper end side, and arranged to face the upper end of the nozzle 25 at the lower end side. The connecting pipe 14 has an on-off valve 14a that is provided in the middle and is opened and closed by a lever 14b, and injects an inert gas from the supply unit 3 into the nozzle 25 by opening and closing the lever 14b. All of the attached liquid droplets of the waste liquid are blown into the container 30.
[0019]
(Container Configuration) As shown in FIG. 3, the container structure of the present invention comprises a container 30 for containing a sample solution and an outer case 35 that holds the container 30 in a non-rotatable state, and is used in the sampling unit 10A described above. However, not only the sampling unit 10A but also the sampling unit 10B may be used by analogy.
[0020]
The container 30 is made of a transparent resin or glass, and includes a main body 31 that is open in a substantially rectangular solid and a lid 32 that opens and closes the upper opening of the main body 31. The main body 31 has a small internal volume of about 20 to 40 cc, has a male screw portion 31a as an engaging / disengaging portion around the upper opening, and a memory or the like attached to the peripheral side surface. The lid 32 only needs to be able to completely seal the upper opening of the main body 31. Actually, in order to facilitate the opening / closing operation, a flange portion or the like is provided around the lid. On the other hand, the outer case 35 is made of a transparent resin, and has a substantially bottomed cylindrical upper opening 36, a restraining member 33 inserted into the main body 36, and an upper opening of the main body 36. And a lid 37. The main body 36 is slightly larger than the container 30 and is large enough to accommodate the restraining material 33 and the entire container 30. Around the upper opening of the main body 36, a male screw portion 36a is provided as an engaging / disengaging portion. The male screw portion 36a can be screwed together with the female screw portion on the lid 37 side and the engaging / disengaging portion (female screw portion) 23a of the chuck 23 described above. The restraining material 33 is made of a resin such as urethane, and is detachably or replaceably incorporated in the outer case main body 36 and has a recess 34 formed on the upper surface. The concave portion 34 holds the container body 31 immovably by fitting the lower side of the container body 31 so as not to rotate and to be inserted. Accordingly, the shape is designed according to the outer shape or the cross-sectional shape of the container main body 31, and for example, if the container main body 31 is a cross-sectional ellipse, the cross-sectional ellipse corresponding thereto is formed.
[0021]
(Operation Example) Next, an example of sampling operation will be outlined. In the sampling unit 20 described above, the operator performs an operation of mounting the outer case 35 in which the container 30 is accommodated in the chuck 23 as shown in FIG. In the mounted state, the periphery of the upper opening of the outer case side main body 36 is held in a substantially sealed state in the recess on the chuck side, and the exhaust hole 24 is positioned in the upper opening of the main body 36. When the valve operating portion 22a of the opening and closing valve 22 is opened, the waste liquid in the pipe 11 is required runoff More container 30 in the nozzle 25. In this process, the suction pump 27 is driven, and the gas (evaporated material or the like) in the container 20 is sucked from the outer case side main body 36 through the exhaust hole 24 and the pipe 26. The operator collects the liquid in the container main body 31 and then opens the lever 14b so that the inert gas in the supply unit 3 is supplied from the pipe 13, the valve 13a, the connecting pipe 14, the on-off valve 14a and the main body 21 into the nozzle 25. The droplets adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle 25 are completely dropped into the container 30 by the spray force. That is, in this structure, when the outer case main body 36 is detached from the chuck 23 and after the outer case main body 36 is detached, the droplets are prevented from inadvertently dropping from the nozzle 25. Then, after removing the outer case main body 36 from the chuck 23, the operator holds the outer case 35 and attaches the lid 32 to the upper opening of the container main body 31, and if necessary, attaches the lid 37 to the outer case main body 36. Attach to the upper opening. After that, it is transported to a predetermined measuring unit together with the outer case 35, and the concentration measurement is performed on the collected liquid in the container 30.
[0022]
In addition, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by the above form. The sampling method of the invention should have the requirements specified in claim 1, and the sampling container of the invention should have the requirements specified in claim 3 , and can be changed as necessary with reference to the above embodiment. It is. For example, the container 30, the restraining material 33, and the outer case 35 are appropriately set according to the target liquid in terms of material, and are designed in consideration of the chuck 23 and handleability. As an application example, there may be a mode in which a dedicated circulation pipe is directly attached to the tank containing the target liquid as in FIG. 6, and sampling is performed from the pipe into the container.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the sampling method and the container according to the present invention, assuming that the target liquid is a solution containing PCB, the container main body is accommodated in the outer case. Even if drops are accidentally dropped, they can be received in the outer case to avoid danger to the operator side, and when closing the lid on the container body after collection, the outer case side can be gripped to ensure safety, and the piping side Since it is attached to the chuck via the outer case, it has advantages such as good detachability. As a result, the present invention can solve all of the problems listed above, and can be easily implemented, and can easily implement automatic collection by a robot or the like to improve reliability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a collection chamber to which the method of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a main part on the piping side provided in the collection chamber of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the container configuration of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a principle diagram schematically showing the operation of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a chemical plant for decomposition and regeneration as an application example of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a reference diagram showing a conventional example of a sampling method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Storage tank for waste oil (1a and 1b are valves, 2a is an outflow pipe)
3 ... supply part (supply part for inert gas)
4 ... Concentration adjustment tank (4a and 4b are valves, 2b is a supply pipe, 2c is an outflow pipe)
10A, 10B ... Sampling part (15 is collection room)
11 ... Sampling pipe (11a is an outflow pipe, 11b is a return pipe)
14 ... Connecting pipe (14a is an on-off valve, 14b is an operating lever)
20 ... sampling unit (21 is a main body, 24 is an exhaust hole, 25 is a nozzle)
22: Open / close valve (22a is an operation unit)
23 ... Chuck (23A is a holding portion, 23B is a mounting portion)
26 ... Piping for suction 27 ... Suction pump 30 ... Container for sampling (31 is a main body, 31a is an engaging / disengaging part, 32 is a lid)
33 ... Restraint material (34 is a recess)
35 ... Outer case (36 is a main body, 36a is an engaging / disengaging part, 37 is a lid)

Claims (3)

対象液が有害物質を含む溶液であり、該溶液を流す配管が開閉弁及びノズル並びに容器用チャックを有し、前記開閉弁を介し前記溶液の所要量を前記ノズルより容器に採取するサンプリング方法において、
前記容器は、上開口している容器本体と、前記上開口を閉じる蓋と、前記容器本体を収容した状態で前記蓋を該容器本体に着脱操作可能な大きさの上開口した外ケースと、前記外ケースに内設されて前記容器本体を着脱自在に拘束する凹部を有した拘束材とを備え、
前記チャックに前記外ケースを取り付けて、前記ノズルを前記外ケースの上開口より前記容器本体の上開口内へ挿入した状態で前記溶液を採取し、前記外ケースを前記チャックから外した後、前記容器本体の上開口を前記蓋で前記外ケース上開口から入れて閉じることを特徴とするサンプリング方法。
A solution containing a target liquid hazardous substances, sampling methods piping for flowing the solution has a closing valve and a nozzle, as well as containers for chucks, collecting the required amount of the solution through the on-off valve on the container from the nozzle In
The container has a container body that is open on the top, a lid that closes the top opening, an outer case that is open on the container body in a state that allows the lid to be attached to and detached from the container body , A restraining material provided in the outer case and having a recess for detachably restraining the container body ;
The outer case is attached to the chuck, the solution is collected in a state where the nozzle is inserted into the upper opening of the container body from the upper opening of the outer case, and after removing the outer case from the chuck, A sampling method comprising: closing an upper opening of a container main body through the upper opening of the outer case with the lid.
前記チャックは、前記配管側に付設されて前記ノズルの先端部を串差し状に挿通していると共に、前記外ケースを略密封状態に取り付けた状態で下端が当該外ケースの上開口内に位置する排気孔を有しており、前記容器本体内の気体等を前記外ケース及び前記排気孔を介し吸引可能にする請求項1に記載のサンプリング方法。The chuck is attached to the pipe side, and the tip of the nozzle is inserted in a skewered manner, and the lower end is positioned in the upper opening of the outer case with the outer case attached in a substantially sealed state. The sampling method according to claim 1, further comprising: an exhaust hole for allowing gas or the like in the container body to be sucked through the outer case and the exhaust hole. 対象液が有害物質を含む溶液であり、該溶液を流す配管が開閉弁及びノズル並びに容器用チャックを有している場合に用いられ、前記チャックに取り付けられて前記溶液を前記開閉弁及び前記ノズルを介し前記溶液の所要量を入れる試料採取用容器において、
前記容器は、上開口している容器本体と、前記上開口を閉じる蓋と、前記容器本体を収容した状態で前記蓋を該容器本体に着脱操作可能な大きさの上開口した外ケースと、前記外ケースに内設されて前記容器本体を着脱自在に拘束する凹部を有した拘束材とを備えているとともに、
前記外ケースは、該外ケースの上開口周囲に設けられて前記チャックに着脱する係脱部と、前記係脱部に着脱されて該外ケースの上開口を開閉する蓋を有していることを特徴とする試料採取用容器。
A solution subject solution containing hazardous substances, used in the case of piping for flowing the solution has a closing valve and a nozzle and container chuck, the on-off valve and the said solution is attached to the chuck In a sampling container for putting the required amount of the solution through a nozzle,
The container has a container body that is open on the top, a lid that closes the top opening, an outer case that is open on the container body in a state that allows the lid to be attached to and detached from the container body , A restraining material provided in the outer case and having a recess for detachably restraining the container body ;
The outer case includes an engagement / disengagement portion that is provided around the upper opening of the outer case and is attached to and detached from the chuck, and a lid that is attached to and detached from the engagement / disengagement portion and opens and closes the upper opening of the outer case . A sampling container characterized by the above.
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