JP4005152B2 - How to wash crude inden - Google Patents
How to wash crude inden Download PDFInfo
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- JP4005152B2 JP4005152B2 JP31352794A JP31352794A JP4005152B2 JP 4005152 B2 JP4005152 B2 JP 4005152B2 JP 31352794 A JP31352794 A JP 31352794A JP 31352794 A JP31352794 A JP 31352794A JP 4005152 B2 JP4005152 B2 JP 4005152B2
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- washing
- concentration
- indene
- aqueous solution
- acid
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明はコ−ルタ−ル蒸留工程において得られる留分からコ−ルタ−ル系軽質油を原料とし、高純度のインデンを製造する方法に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、インデンを製造する場合の分離精製工程の一つである洗浄工程に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
分離・精製によって高純度インデンを得ようとする場合、工業的に入手及び利用可能な原料としては1)エチレン製造の際、副生するC8 + 留分中のインデン、2)コ−クス製造の際、副生する粗ベンゼン中のC8 + 留分、3)コ−ルタ−ルを蒸留して得られる170〜240℃の留分からフェノ−ル、クレゾ−ルなどの石炭酸類を苛性ソ−ダで抽出した残油などがある。これらのうちインデン含有率、精製分離等の困難さ等の問題により原料としては3)が最適であり、一般的に多く用いられている。しかしながらいずれの方法も不純物により保存中経時的に着色してしまい、保存安定性が劣る。このための高純度で高品質のインデンを得る方法としては、一連の工程の中で、精製工程の一つとして、酸水溶液及び/またはアルカリ水溶液による薬洗工程が挙げられ、薬洗工程を行なうことにより、保存安定性や重合モノマ−として使用する場合の反応阻害性などに著しく効果があることが一般的に知られている。
【0003】
薬洗を行なう方法として、特開昭62−32731号公報には、インデンを含有する沸点135〜195℃のタ−ル系軽油からインデンを回収するために、そのタ−ル系軽油を第一蒸留してインデンを50%以上含む留分を得た後、これをアルカリ洗浄し、第二蒸留する方法が開示されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特公昭62−32731号公報に開示される技術は、歩留り、純度が低く、塩基分等の不純物の除去が不充分であるため、経時安定性に劣り、経時着色を生じてしまうなど工業的方法として未だ満足し得るものではなかった。
【0005】
本発明は上記問題点を解決し、高品位のインデンを提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段および作用】
上記問題を解決すべく、鋭意研究を行なった結果、液滴径を制御し、さらには酸水溶液濃度、アルカリ水溶液濃度を調整することにより、不純物の除去率も高く、効率よく薬洗を行なえることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明は粗インデンを酸水溶液および/又はアルカリ水溶液で洗浄するに際し、液滴径0.7mm以下の酸水溶液および/又は液滴径0.7mm以下のアルカリ水溶液で洗浄することを特徴とする。
【0008】
さらに、粗インデンの薬洗時の酸水溶液濃度が5〜40重量%、アルカリ水溶液濃度が2〜20重量%であることを特徴とする。
【0009】
本発明において、粗インデンとは、コ−ルタ−ル蒸留からタ−ル酸等の不純物をある程度除去したインデンを含む残油であり、残油中に占めるインデンの割合は特に限定しない。30〜40%の低濃度でも、90%以上の高濃度でも本発明の方法は適用される。低濃度でも効果はあるが、不純物の除去効率、薬剤の必要量などの点を考慮すると高濃度の方が好ましい。なお、このコ−ルタ−ル留分からタ−ル酸を除去し、インデンを所定濃度まで濃縮する工程は公知の方法により行なわれる。
【0010】
薬洗は例えばスタティックミキサ−(ラインミキサ−とも言う)等にて行なう。この時の液滴径は一般式(1)によって求められ、スタティックミキサ−の内径、総流量によって決まる。
D=(1000F/9d2 π)-1.088×37.5×(d/10)0.456
D:平均液滴径(mm)
d:スタティックミキサ−内径(mm)
F:2液合計流量(1/Hr)
・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
スタティックミキサ−により制御される液滴径としては酸水溶液、アルカリ水溶液とも0.7mm以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.3〜0.5mmである。これ以上大きすぎると混合が不充分となり不純物除去率が下がってしまう。
【0011】
本発明の薬洗に用いる装置としては、液滴径の大きさを制御し、液滴に非常に狭い分布を持たせることのできる装置であり、例えば、スタティックミキサ−である。
【0012】
薬洗時の酸水溶液濃度は5〜40重量%であり、望ましくは10〜20%である。濃度が低すぎると薬洗による洗浄効果、分離効率が下がってしまう。また、濃度が高すぎると、薬洗後の水洗工程において塩を生成したり、蒸留工程において蒸留塔ボトムでの濃縮が起こる等、次工程に悪影響を与えてしまう。
【0013】
薬洗時のアルカリ水溶液濃度は2〜20重量%である。望ましくは5〜10%である。酸水溶液濃度の限定理由と同様に、濃度が低すぎると薬洗による洗浄効果、分離効率が下がってしまい、また、濃度が高すぎると、薬洗後の水洗工程において塩を生成したり、蒸留工程において蒸留塔ボトムでの濃縮が起こる等、次工程に悪影響を与えてしまう。
【0014】
さらに、薬洗処理は蒸留、水洗と組み合わせて行なうと、より効果的に目的が達成される。例えば、あらかじめ蒸留を行い、インデン濃度を90〜95%まで濃縮した後に薬洗処理を行ない、次いで、水洗処理を行なう。このように蒸留、薬洗次いで水洗を行なうことにより、洗浄効果を高め、後工程である脱水蒸留工程への酸水溶液、アルカリ水溶液による悪影響を防止できる。
【0015】
【実施例】
次に本発明の実施例を説明する。
原料にコ−ルタ−ル蒸留により、沸点範囲が170〜210℃のタ−ル酸留分をサイドカット油として抜き出し、この留分からタ−ル酸を除去したインデンを90〜95%含む残油を使用し、これに硫酸もしくは水酸化ナトリウムを加え、薬洗を行なった。
【0016】
また、高純度のインデンを製造するに際し、不純物としては経時着色の原因となる塩基分、フェノ−ル、o−クレゾ−ル等が挙げられ、酸洗浄により塩基分が、アルカリ洗浄によりフェノ−ル、o−クレゾ−ル等が除去される。そのため、本発明による実施例では、酸洗浄とアルカリ洗浄を別々に行い、酸洗浄による除去率として塩基分の除去率を、アルカリ洗浄による除去率としてフェノ−ル、o−クレゾ−ルの除去率をそれぞれ除去率として求めた。
【0017】
(実施例1〜5)
蒸留後の残油に硫酸を加えスタティックミキサ−にて酸洗浄を行なった。インデンと硫酸の流量比は2:1で行なった。この時の硫酸の液滴径、濃度、スタティックミキサ−を通過する時間(接触時間)および結果を表1に示す。なお、除去率は酸洗浄後の塩基分/原材料の塩基分×100(%)で求めた。
【0018】
(比較例1、2、参考例1)
比較例1は、スタティックミキサ−を用いず、3枚羽根を有する攪拌翼を70〜90rpmで1時間回転させ、硫酸により酸洗浄を行ない、分離のため30分静置させた。それ以外は実施例1と同じ条件で行なった。比較例2は硫酸濃度を変え、それ以外は実施例1と同じ条件で行なった。参考例1は、液滴径を変え、それ以外は実施例1と同じ条件で行なった。
【0019】
【表1】
【0020】
表1より、本発明は従来の方法(比較例1)に比べ、除去率、歩留り共に高く、インデンを高純度する際の妨害物質として作用するとともに、インデンの着色原因物質として作用するタ−ル分を実質上完全に除去することができた。また液滴径が0.8と大きい場合(参考例1)は除去率が79%と他と比べて低く、濃度が低い場合(比較例2)は歩留り、除去率とも低かった。
【0021】
(実施例2〜11)
蒸留後の残油に水酸化ナトリウムを加えスタティックミキサ−にてアルカリ洗浄を行なった。インデンと水酸化ナトリウムの流量比は2:1で行なった。この時の水酸化ナトリウムの液滴径、濃度、スタティックミキサ−を通過する時間(接触時間)および結果を表2に示す。なお、除去率はアルカリ洗浄後の(フェノ−ル分+o−クレゾ−ル分)/原材料の(フェノ−ル分+o−クレゾ−ル分)×100(%)で求めた。
【0022】
(比較例3、4、参考例2)
比較例3は、スタティックミキサ−を用いず、従来の比較例1と同じ攪拌方式にて水酸化ナトリウムによりアルカリ洗浄を行ない、それ以外は実施例2と同じ条件で行なった。比較例2は水酸化ナトリウム濃度を変え、それ以外は実施例2と同じ条件で行なった。参考例2は、液滴径を変え、それ以外は実施例2と同じ条件で行なった。
【0023】
【表2】
【0024】
表1(酸洗浄)の結果と同様に、表2より、本発明は従来の方法(比較例3)に比べ、除去率、歩留り共に高く、液滴径が0.8と大きい場合(参考例)は除去率が63%と他と比べて低く、濃度が低い場合(比較例2)は歩留り、除去率とも低かった。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明によると不純物除去率が高く、高品位のインデンが得られ、経時安定性に優れていることから樹脂の添加剤をはじめ、中間反応原料等として有効に用いられる。また、効率良く薬洗が行なえ、酸水溶液、アルカリ水溶液使用料が低減でき、廃水の副生量も少なくてすみ、コストの削減がはかれる。さらに、スタティックミキサ−等を使用する事により混合攪拌槽が不要となり、設備スペ−スが削減でき、分離、攪拌に要する時間の短縮が図れる。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing high-purity indene using a coal-based light oil as a raw material from a fraction obtained in a coal distillation step. More specifically, the present invention relates to a washing step that is one of the separation and purification steps when producing indene.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When obtaining high-purity indene by separation and purification, industrially available and usable raw materials are as follows: 1) Indene in C 8 + fraction produced as a by-product during ethylene production, 2) Production of coke C8 + fraction in the crude benzene produced as a by-product, 3) From the fraction of 170-240 ° C. obtained by distillation of the coal tar, phenolic acids such as phenol and cresol are converted into caustic soda. -Residual oil extracted from da. Among these, 3) is the most suitable raw material due to problems such as indene content and difficulty in purification and separation, and it is generally used in many cases. However, both methods are colored over time during storage due to impurities, and storage stability is poor. As a method for obtaining a high-purity and high-quality indene for this purpose, a chemical washing step using an aqueous acid solution and / or an alkaline aqueous solution can be cited as one of the purification steps in a series of steps. Therefore, it is generally known that the storage stability and the reaction inhibition when used as a polymerization monomer are remarkably effective.
[0003]
As a method for performing chemical washing, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-32731 discloses that tar-based light oil is used to recover indene from tar-based light oil having a boiling point of 135 to 195 ° C. containing indene. A method is disclosed in which a fraction containing 50% or more of indene is obtained by distillation, followed by alkali washing and second distillation.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the technology disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-32731 has a low yield, low purity, and insufficient removal of impurities such as bases, resulting in poor stability over time and coloration over time. It was not yet satisfactory as a practical method.
[0005]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a high-quality inden.
[0006]
[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research to solve the above problems, by controlling the droplet diameter and adjusting the concentration of acid aqueous solution and alkali aqueous solution, the removal rate of impurities is also high, and chemical washing can be performed efficiently. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
[0007]
That is, the present invention is characterized in that when washing crude indene with an acid aqueous solution and / or an alkaline aqueous solution, the crude indene is washed with an acid aqueous solution having a droplet diameter of 0.7 mm or less and / or an alkaline aqueous solution having a droplet diameter of 0.7 mm or less. To do.
[0008]
Furthermore, the acid aqueous solution concentration at the time of chemical washing of crude indene is 5 to 40% by weight, and the alkaline aqueous solution concentration is 2 to 20% by weight.
[0009]
In the present invention, crude indene is a residual oil containing indene from which impurities such as taric acid have been removed to some extent from cold distillation, and the proportion of indene in the residual oil is not particularly limited. The method of the present invention can be applied at a low concentration of 30 to 40% or a high concentration of 90% or more. Although a low concentration is effective, a high concentration is preferable in consideration of the removal efficiency of impurities, the required amount of chemicals, and the like. The step of removing taric acid from this coal cut and concentrating indene to a predetermined concentration is carried out by a known method.
[0010]
The chemical washing is performed by, for example, a static mixer (also called a line mixer). The droplet diameter at this time is determined by the general formula (1) and is determined by the inner diameter of the static mixer and the total flow rate.
D = (1000F / 9d 2 π) −1.088 × 37.5 × (d / 10) 0.456
D: Average droplet diameter (mm)
d: Static mixer—inner diameter (mm)
F: Total flow rate of two liquids (1 / Hr)
.... (1)
The droplet diameter controlled by the static mixer is preferably 0.7 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 to 0.5 mm for both acid aqueous solutions and alkaline aqueous solutions. If it is too large, mixing will be insufficient and the impurity removal rate will decrease.
[0011]
The apparatus used for the chemical washing of the present invention is an apparatus that can control the size of the droplet diameter and give the droplet a very narrow distribution, for example, a static mixer.
[0012]
The concentration of the acid aqueous solution during chemical washing is 5 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 20%. If the concentration is too low, the cleaning effect and separation efficiency due to chemical washing will decrease. On the other hand, if the concentration is too high, salt may be produced in the water washing step after the chemical washing, or concentration at the bottom of the distillation tower may occur in the distillation step, which adversely affects the next step.
[0013]
The concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution during chemical washing is 2 to 20% by weight. Desirably, it is 5 to 10%. As with the reason for limiting the concentration of the acid aqueous solution, if the concentration is too low, the washing effect and separation efficiency due to the chemical washing will decrease, and if the concentration is too high, salt will be produced in the water washing step after chemical washing, or distillation will occur. In the process, the concentration at the bottom of the distillation column occurs and the next process is adversely affected.
[0014]
Furthermore, when the chemical washing treatment is performed in combination with distillation and water washing, the purpose is more effectively achieved. For example, after performing distillation in advance and concentrating the indene concentration to 90 to 95%, a chemical washing treatment is performed, followed by a water washing treatment. Thus, by performing distillation, chemical washing, and then water washing, the washing effect is enhanced, and adverse effects due to the aqueous acid solution and the aqueous alkali solution to the dehydration distillation step, which is a subsequent step, can be prevented.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
A tar oil fraction having a boiling point range of 170 to 210 ° C. is extracted as a side cut oil by a coal distillation, and a residual oil containing 90 to 95% of indene from which the tar acid has been removed. Was used, and sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide was added thereto for chemical washing.
[0016]
In the production of high-purity indene, the impurities include bases, phenols, o-cresols, etc. that cause coloration over time. The bases are washed by acid washing and phenols by alkali washing. , O-cresol and the like are removed. Therefore, in the examples according to the present invention, acid washing and alkali washing are performed separately, the removal rate of base as acid removal rate, and the removal rate of phenol and o-cresol as the removal rate by alkali washing. Was determined as the removal rate.
[0017]
(Examples 1-5)
Sulfuric acid was added to the residual oil after distillation, and acid washing was performed with a static mixer. The flow ratio of indene and sulfuric acid was 2: 1. Table 1 shows the droplet diameter of sulfuric acid, the concentration, the time of passing through the static mixer (contact time), and the results. The removal rate was determined by base content after acid washing / base content of raw material × 100 (%).
[0018]
(Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Reference Example 1)
In Comparative Example 1, without using a static mixer, a stirring blade having three blades was rotated at 70 to 90 rpm for 1 hour, acid washed with sulfuric acid, and allowed to stand for 30 minutes for separation. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 2 was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the sulfuric acid concentration was changed. Reference Example 1 was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the droplet diameter was changed.
[0019]
[Table 1]
[0020]
Table 1 shows that the present invention is higher in removal rate and yield than the conventional method (Comparative Example 1), acts as an interfering substance when purifying indene, and acts as a cause of coloring of indene. Minutes could be removed substantially completely. When the droplet diameter was as large as 0.8 (Reference Example 1), the removal rate was 79%, which was lower than the others, and when the concentration was low (Comparative Example 2), the yield and removal rate were both low.
[0021]
(Examples 2 to 11)
Sodium hydroxide was added to the residual oil after distillation, and alkali washing was performed with a static mixer. The flow ratio of indene to sodium hydroxide was 2: 1. Table 2 shows the droplet diameter, concentration, time (contact time) passing through the static mixer and the results at this time. The removal rate was determined by (phenol content + o-cresol content) / (phenol content + o-cresol content) × 100 (%) after alkali washing.
[0022]
(Comparative Examples 3 and 4, Reference Example 2)
Comparative Example 3 was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that no static mixer was used and alkali washing was performed with sodium hydroxide by the same stirring method as in Comparative Example 1 of the prior art. Comparative Example 2 was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the sodium hydroxide concentration was changed. Reference Example 2 was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the droplet diameter was changed.
[0023]
[Table 2]
[0024]
Similar to the results in Table 1 (acid cleaning), from Table 2, the present invention has a higher removal rate and yield than the conventional method (Comparative Example 3), and the droplet diameter is as large as 0.8 (Reference Example). ) Has a removal rate of 63%, which is lower than the others. When the concentration is low (Comparative Example 2), the yield and the removal rate are both low.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the impurity removal rate is high, high-quality indene is obtained, and the stability over time is excellent, it is effectively used as an intermediate reaction raw material and the like including resin additives. In addition, the chemical washing can be performed efficiently, the usage amount of the acid aqueous solution and the alkaline aqueous solution can be reduced, the amount of waste water generated as a by-product can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the use of a static mixer or the like eliminates the need for a mixing and agitation tank, reduces equipment space, and shortens the time required for separation and agitation.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP31352794A JP4005152B2 (en) | 1994-12-16 | 1994-12-16 | How to wash crude inden |
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JP31352794A JP4005152B2 (en) | 1994-12-16 | 1994-12-16 | How to wash crude inden |
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JPH08165475A JPH08165475A (en) | 1996-06-25 |
JP4005152B2 true JP4005152B2 (en) | 2007-11-07 |
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