JP3672851B2

JP3672851B2 - Data collection system and method for geophysical exploration

Info

Publication number: JP3672851B2
Application number: JP2001213114A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 稔吉田
Original assignee: Hakusan Corp
Current assignee: Hakusan Corp
Priority date: 2001-07-13
Filing date: 2001-07-13
Publication date: 2005-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2015-10-25
Also published as: JP2002156479A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、ＧＰＳ（Global Positioning System）受信機を利用して、絶対時刻に正確に同期した現在時刻情報を自動生成し、センサ信号とＧＰＳ時刻とを同時記録するようにしたセンサ信号とＧＰＳ時刻との同時記録装置を利用した物理探査のためのデータ収集システム及び方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、国内各地に地震波の揺れの大きさを測定するため地震計が設置されてきたが、設置された地点の揺れの激しさを測定することを主目標としていたため、地震計に付属した計時装置（タイマー）の精度が問題となることはなかった。
また、長大橋や超高層ビルを建設し管理する場合、建設前の設計段階では計算機上でシミュレーション処理により強度計算等を繰返し実行しても、建築後、実際の振動特性は十分シミュレーションされて設計されているとして、実測されてこなかった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、地震計の計測精度が向上し、海外で実施された核実験等の微弱な地震波も検出できるようになると、海外の計測データとの比較研究を行ったり、地球内部の広範囲の地殻構造を解析するため、全国各地に散在している地震計の計測データを相互に比較して研究することが必要になって来た。その一方で、原子時計等は非常に高価であると共に維持管理が大変であり、放送局の時報電波を利用した時刻補正では１０ｍｓｅｃ以内に時刻精度を高めることが非常に困難であるという問題点があった。
また、長大橋の完成後、列車等の通過にともなう橋の振動の動特性を測定しようとすると５００ｍ等の所定の間隔で数十箇所に振動センサを設置しなければらならないが、これらのセンサの出力は微弱であり、数１００ｍ乃至数Ｋｍもケーブルで伝送できないという問題点があった。
更に、超高層ビル等では、低層階と高層階とでは、強風や地震に対する揺れが大きく異なり、ビル全体の振動を計測して、ビル構造固有の共振特性を演算する場合、建物内部に数十個所、センサを設置すると共に各フロアの間をケーブルで接続して振動データを収集することは、建物完成後は非常に煩しい作業であり、かかる作業や計測方法の改善が強く望まれていた。
この発明は上述のような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、この発明の目的は、ＧＰＳ受信機を小型携帯できる構造で提供すると共に、低消費電力モードで作動させ、必要な時間帯に最小の消費電力で絶対時刻に同期した現在時刻情報を外部に出力する時刻出力装置及び時刻記録装置を提供し、かくして、センサデータを記録する場合、従来必要であった電源ケーブルや信号ケーブルの敷設作業が不要となり、広範囲の記録地点で機動的に信号の同時計測が実現でき、高層ビル等の振動の動特性解析が容易となるセンサ信号とＧＰＳ時刻との同時記録装置を利用した物理探査のためのデータ収集システム及び方法を提供することにある。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、空間的に異なる地点に配備された複数の記録装置によってセンサ信号を獲得し、処理するための物理探査のためのデータ収集システムに関し、この発明の上記目的は、
イ）前記各記録装置が、ロ）ＧＰＳ時刻出力装置、ハ）記憶手段、ニ）記録パラメータの入力手段、及び、ホ）前記センサ信号及びＧＰＳ時刻を記録する記録計を具え、
前記ＧＰＳ時刻出力装置は、ＧＰＳ時刻に同期した時刻信号を生成し、管理し、出力するため、ＧＰＳ時刻発生装置と、記憶手段と、当該時刻出力装置作動パラメータの組を選択して所定の時刻信号を生成し外部に出力するための処理手段とを具え、
前記ＧＰＳ時刻発生装置が、ＧＰＳ受信信号から時刻データ及び絶対時刻に同期したクロックパルスを抽出するＧＰＳ受信機と、所定の精度の周波数でパルス信号を発生する発振器と、前記ＧＰＳ受信機で得られる最新の時刻データを現在時刻として格納する記憶手段と、前記発振器で得られるパルス信号をカウントするカウンタと、このカウンタのカウント値を前記発振器の周波数で割り、その結果に前記記憶手段に格納された現在時刻を加算してリセット後の時刻を求める演算手段と、この演算手段及び前記ＧＰＳ受信機に結合され、前記ＧＰＳ受信機で得られるクロックパルスが、所定の期間内に入っていることを確認して前記カウンタをリセットするカウンタリセット手段とを具え、
前記ＧＰＳ時刻発生装置の計測時刻を、前記ＧＰＳ受信機の絶対時刻に同期させると共に、前記カウンタの精度が、所定の精度の範囲内に収まるように、前記発振器の周波数精度に応じてＧＰＳ時刻補正を行うようになっており、前記時刻出力装置作動パラメータの選択されたパラメータに応答して、所定のデジタル時刻信号を、前記ＧＰＳ絶対時刻に同期して外部に出力し、前記センサ信号と、前記外部に出力されるデジタル時刻信号とを、前記絶対時刻に応答して、前記記録パラメータに従って、前記記録計に、同時に記録するようになっており、更に、ヘ）前記各記録装置に、オペレーティングプログラムが提供する記録パラメータを設定する手段と、ト）前記設定された記録パラメータに従って、少なくとも１つのセンサにより発生されるセンサ信号を、ＧＰＳ受信信号から獲得される絶対時刻と共に獲得し、記憶手段に記録する前記各記録装置と、チ）前記複数の記録装置の各記憶手段から、記録された前記センサ信号及び絶対時刻を外部に転送して、前記複数のセンサ信号を統合する手段とを具えることによって達成される。
この発明は、時刻信号を生成し、管理し、出力するための自律型時刻出力装置にも関し、この発明の上記目的は、ＧＰＳ時刻発生装置と、第１固体メモリと、前記自律型時刻出力装置に設けられており、時刻出力装置作動パラメータのメニューを提供する複数のオペレーティングプログラムを前記第１固体メモリに電子的にダウンロードするための入力手段と、前記時刻発生装置作動パラメータの前記メニューから時刻出力装置作動パラメータの組を選択して所定の時刻信号を生成し外部に出力するための処理手段とを具えることによって達成される。
また、この発明は、少なくとも１つのセンサからのセンサ信号を獲得し、処理し、時刻データと共に記憶するための自律型時刻記録装置（ＡＴＲ）にも関し、この発明の上記目的は、ＧＰＳ時刻発生装置と、第１固体メモリと、前記ＡＴＲに設けられており、記録装置作動パラメータのメニューを提供する複数のオペレーティングプログラムを前記ＡＴＲの前記第１固体メモリに電子的にダウンロードするための入力手段と、前記ＡＴＲに設けられており、前記時刻発生装置の絶対時間に応答して、前記オペレーティングプログラムが提供する記録装置作動パラメータの前記メニューから記録装置作動パラメータの組を選択して前記センサ信号を獲得し処理するようにするための処理手段と、前記処理手段からの獲得され処理されたセンサデータを時刻データと共に記憶するための第２固体メモリとを設けることによっても達成される。
更に、この発明は、時刻出力方法にも関し、この発明の上記目的は、ＧＰＳ時刻発生工程と、前記ＧＰＳ時刻を入力して時刻精度を管理すると共に、常駐したオペレーティングプログラムが提供する時刻出力装置作動パラメータのメニューから１組の時刻出力装置作動パラメータに従って所定の期間、絶対時刻データを外部に出力する工程とを設けることによっても達成される。
更にまた、この発明は、時刻記録装置によってセンサ信号を獲得し、処理し、記憶し、統合処理するための時刻記録方法にも関し、この発明の上記目的は、ＧＰＳ時刻発生工程と、前記ＧＰＳ時刻を入力して時刻精度を管理すると共に、常駐したオペレーティングプログラムが提供する記録装置作動パラメータのメニューから１組の記録装置作動パラメータを選択して待機する工程と、前記選択された１組の記録装置作動パラメータに従って当該時刻記録装置に電子的に結合された少なくとも１つのセンサにより発生されるセンサ信号を空間位置及び絶対時刻と共に獲得し処理する工程と、当該時刻記録装置に記録されたセンサ信号を外部に転送／伝達する工程とを設けることによっても達成される。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照してこの発明の実施例を説明する。
図１はこの発明の時刻出力装置及び／又は時刻記録装置のハードウェア構成の一例を示すもので、ＧＰＳ時刻発生部１０では、先ず、ＧＰＳアンテナ１２で受信されたＧＰＳ信号がＧＰＳ受信機１６に送られる。このＧＰＳ受信機１６は受信したＧＰＳ信号から測位データＰＤを検出し制御部２へ出力すると共に、その測位データ中に含まれている絶対時刻に基づく時刻データＴＤだけを抽出することができ、更に絶対時刻に同期したクロックパルス（以下、ＣＰパルスと呼ぶ）を再生し、制御部２等へ出力する。これらの測位データＰＤ、時刻データＴＤ及びＣＰパルスは制御部２内の時刻管理部４０へ送出されると共に、マイクロプロセッサ（以下、ＭＰＵと呼ぶ）等で構成されたＯＳ部６０にも送られる。
また、ＧＰＳ時刻発生部１０には、温度補償付水晶発振器２０、カウンタ２２及びゲート回路２４も設けられ、アンド回路で構成されたカウンタリセット手段１８によりカウンタ２２はＣＰパルスに同期した所定のタイミングでリセットされるようになっている。尚、ＣＰパルス及び発振器２０の精度は、通常、１ｐｐｍ以上のものが好ましい。
一方、カウンタ２２は発振器２０の出力信号をカウントするカウンタとして動作すると共に、制御部２からの設定条件によりタイマとしても動作可能となっており、例えば制御部２の設定条件でゲート回路２４により１、２、５、１０、２０、５０、１００、２００、５００、１０００ミリ秒の外部トリガ信号を適当に選択して出力できるような構成のものが好ましい。そして、計時用カウンタ２２は発振器２０の出力信号をもとに設定された周波数のクロックを計数して制御部２にパラレル出力するようになっている。
更に、カウンタ２２に結合されたゲート回路２４は制御部２内の同期制御部５０の指令により種々のタイミングのパルス信号をＣＰパルスに同期させて出力することが可能であり、所定のタイミングでの外部機器へのトリガ信号ＴＲＩＧの生成や、時刻出力信号の同期信号ＴＳＹＮＣを生成すると共に、外部のセンサ出力を入力するＡ／Ｄ変換手段４５のサンプリングクロックも生成するようになっている。しかして、ＧＰＳ受信機１６及び発振器２０には電源切換手段１４ａ及び１４ｂがそれぞれ結合され、ＯＳ（オペレーティングシステム）部６０から出力される制御信号ＰＧ１及びＰＧ２により、それぞれ所定のタイミングで供給電源がＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御されるようになっている。
更に、制御部２には電池３０で常時バックアップされたリアルタイムクロック（ＲＴＣ）３２から精度５ｐｐｍ前後の粗い時刻信号が入力され、ＲＴＣ３２はスリープ状態やスタンバイ状態での計時処理を実行するようになっている。かくして制御部２に入力された各精度の時刻情報は時刻管理部４０で同期がとられて絶対時刻をベースに記憶管理され、外部のデジタル信号ＤＩ１〜ＤＩＮのエッジ立上がり、立下がり変化が状態変化検出部４４で検出されると、これらの状態変化時刻が時刻データ入力部４２により時刻管理部４０から読出されて第２記憶手段４６に記憶されるようになっている。更にまた、外部のセンサ信号ＡＩ１〜ＡＩＸはＡ／Ｄ変換手段４５を介して所定のタイミングでデジタル化され、絶対時刻データと共に第２記憶手段４６に格納されるようになっている。
一方、絶対時刻データを外部に出力する場合には、ＯＳ部６０から時刻データ入力部４２に時刻データの読出指令が出力され、時刻管理部４０から読出された絶対時刻がシリアルデータ変換部４８によりシリアルデータに変換され、このデータの前後にスタートビット及びストップビットが付加されて、ＤＯ部５２を介して信号ＴＣＯＤＥとして外部に出力されるようになっている。また、信号ＴＣＯＤＥの同期信号ＴＳＹＮＣも同期制御部５０及びゲート回路２４を介してＣＰパルスに同期したタイミングで外部に出力されるようになっている。
更にまた、制御部２の内部には実行プログラム及びデータを記憶するためのフラッシュメモリ等で構成された第１記憶手段７０が設けられており、管理情報７０ａや書換可能な実行プログラム群７２ａ〜７２ｎ及び固定プログラム７２Ｍ等が記憶できるようになっている。そして、記憶手段７０の電源は電源切換手段１４ｃにより読出し及び書込タイミングでのみ制御信号ＰＧ３に基づいて印加されると共に、通信制御部８０内のパラレルＩＦ（インタフェース）部８２又はシリアルＩＦ部８４を介して外部の図示しないホストコンピュータから書込データが転送されるようになっている。かくして、第１記憶手段７０に書込まれた実行プログラムは電源投入直後、記憶手段７０からＲＡＭ６２ａ，６２ｂ等に読出され、実行されると共に、制御部２には液晶パネル、プラズマパネル等の表示手段３４及び操作キースイッチ、テンキー等で構成されたデータ入力手段３６も結合され、通常のマン・マシンインタフェース操作を表示手段３４のメッセージを見ながら実行できるようになっている。尚、表示手段３４の消費電力は大きいのでその電源は電源切換手段１４ｄにより制御信号ＰＧ４に基づいてＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御できるようになっている。
【０００６】
このような構成において、この発明の時刻出力装置１００ａ，１００ｂの動作を図２及び図３を参照して説明する。
図２は既設の地震計１１０ａ，１１０ｂ等にＧＰＳ衛星１に連動したこの発明の時刻出力装置１００ａ，１００ｂ等を並設し、記録計１１２ａ，１１２ｂ等のサブチャンネルに時刻出力装置１００ａ，１００ｂ等から出力される時刻コードＴＣＯＤＥ及び／又は同期信号ＴＳＹＮＣを同時入力し、記録紙１１４ａ，１１４ｂ等にセンサ信号と共に同時記録するようにしたものである。
先ず、ＧＰＳシステムではＧＰＳ受信機１６で生成されるＣＰパルスは絶対時刻に同期して再生されており、通常は、１秒間隔で再生出力されている。また、時刻データＴＤも正常な状態では１秒毎に更新されるようになっている。しかしながら、ＧＰＳアンテナ１２に障害があったり、衛星受信状態が急変した場合、必ずしも毎秒毎に、確実にＣＰパルスを所定の間隔で再生できるとは限らない。そこで、この発明のＧＰＳ時刻発生部１０と時刻管理部４０とは連動して、以下の処理により時刻データＴＤを更新し、現在時刻及び時刻補正データを求めると共に、カウンタ２２を同期リセットして、精度１ｐｐｍ前後の高精度時刻管理を実行する。
先ず、図３（Ａ）の時点ｔ１においてＲＴＣ３２から制御部２のスリープ状態を解除する起動パルスが出力されると、制御部２内のＯＳ部６０等によりＧＰＳ電源及び発振器２０の電源制御信号ＰＧ１及びＰＧ２がＯＮ出力され、電源切換手段１４ａ、１４ｂを介して供給される。すると、ＧＰＳ受信機１６からＣＰパルスが所定の間隔で出力されるので、時刻管理部４０によりＣＰパルスの間隔を発振器２０に連動したカウンタ２２の出力と比較してチェックする。
しかして、所定の間隔（例えば１秒間隔）でＣＰパルスが出力されていることが確認できると、次のＣＰパルス受信時刻が予め予測できるので、その前後の所定の期間（例えば１０μｓｅｃ）だけカウンタ２２のリセット制御信号ＸＧをアクティブ状態とし、このリセット期間内にＣＰパルスが到着した場合にはカウンタ２２をリセットする。そして、このカウンタ２２のリセットが確認できると、計測中の絶対時刻を前回受信したＴＤデータに基づいて更新すると共に、カウンタ２２の時刻補正データ（ＴＤデータ）を記憶手段４６等に書込む。他方、制御信号ＸＧの上記リセット期間中にＣＰパルスが到達しない場合には、再度ＣＰパルスの間隔チェックから上記処理を繰返し、カウンタ２２がリセットできる迄上記リセット処理を繰返す。
かくして、カウンタ２２のリセットが例えば、時点ｔ３において終了すると、ＧＰＳ受信機１６の電源はＯＦＦされ、時刻出力開始時刻ｔ１０の直前の時点ｔ５迄のスリープ期間がゲート回路２４に設定され、時点ｔ４から時点ｔ５迄制御部２の最大消費電力源である図示しないＭＰＵ（マイクロプロセッサ）もスリープ状態となる。但し、時刻管理部４０やＲＡＭ６２はこのスリープ状態では電源を供給しておき、ＭＰＵに起動がかかった時点で即座に動作できる状態に維持しておく。かかる節電制御を細かく実行することにより、電池３０の寿命を大幅に延ばすことが可能となる。
次に、図３（Ｄ）の時点ｔ５において、ゲート回路２４からＭＰＵの起動割込が発生すると、再びＭＰＵが立上がり、通常、時刻出力開始時点ｔ１０の直前の所定のタイミング（例えば１００ｍｓｅｃ前）で、時刻管理部４０から現在の絶対時刻を読出し、この時刻情報の中の１０分の桁情報と１分の桁情報を抽出すると、時刻データ入力部４２により＋１処理をして時点ｔ１０での正常な分情報を生成し、この分情報をシリアルデータ変換部４８により１０分の桁のシリアルデータと、１分の桁のシリアルデータに変換し、先頭及び最後にスタートビット及びストップビットを付加してデジタル出力部５２へ格納する。
かくして信号ＴＣＯＤＥの出力準備が終ると、同期制御部５０に時刻出力開始時点ｔ１０が書込まれ、ＣＰパルスに同期した同期信号ＴＳＹＮＣ及び信号ＴＣＯＤＥが記録計１１２ａ又は１１２ｂに所定のタイミングで出力されるようになっている。この様子を図３（Ｅ）乃至（Ｈ）に示す。図３（Ｇ）及び（Ｈ）は図３（Ｅ）及び（Ｆ）の時間軸を拡大したもので、図３（Ｇ）では各分データの００秒のタイミングで信号ＴＣＯＤＥが出力されると共に、同期信号ＴＳＹＮＣは５００ｍｓｅｃ単位で反転出力するようになっている。尚、上述の説明では時刻信号ＴＣＯＤＥは分情報のみを出力するようにしたが、年、月、日、時間情報を付加して出力することは当業者には容易である。
また、１５分乃至数時間経過すると、発振器２０のクロックが絶対時刻に対してずれて来て誤差が大きくなるので、例えば、１５分毎にＧＰＳ受信機１６を立上げ、カウンタ２２のリセット処理を上述と同様にして繰返すと良い。また、上述の説明では記録計として紙出力の記録計の説明をしたが、データレコーダ等磁気テープや大容量計算機メモリ等、センサ及び時刻信号ＴＣＯＤＥが記録できるものであれば、記録媒体の種類は何であっても良い。
【０００７】
図２に対応させて示す図４は、この発明の別の一実施例を示すものであり、長大橋２００に所定の距離間隔で振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｋを分散して設置すると共に、この発明の時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋも振動センサに並設してそれぞれ配置し、列車２０２を所定の時刻に走行させて長大橋２００の振動特性を計測するようにしたものである。
図４の振動計測システムでは、先ず、図示しないパソコン等によりこの発明の時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋに振動計測の開始時刻、終了時刻、サンプリングレート、振動計センサの電源投入／遮断時刻を予め記録パラメータとして書込んでおく。尚、この記録パラメータの設定は表示手段３４及び入力手段３６を利用してマニアル操作で行なっても良い。
かくして記録パラメータの設定が終了すると、振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｋ及び時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋを所定の距離間隔でそれぞれ分散配置し、列車２０２の通過時刻迄待機する。
しかして、図５（Ａ）の時点ｔ１において、時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋ内のＲＴＣ３２から制御部２のスリープ状態を解除する起動パルスが出力されると、ＯＳ部６０が立上がり、ＧＰＳ電源及び発振器２０の電源が制御信号ＰＧ１及びＰＧ２に基づいて供給される。すると、ＧＰＳ受信機１６からＣＰパルスが所定の時間間隔で出力されると共に、時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋの現在位置データＰＤも出力されるので、現在位置データＰＤを入力して記憶手段４６に書込む。
次に、ＣＰパルスが所定の時間間隔で出力されていることが確認できると、次のＣＰパルス受信時刻が予め予測できるので、その前後の所定の期間（例えば１０μｓｅｃ）だけ、カウンタ２２のリセット制御信号ＸＧをアクティブ状態とし、このリセット期間内にＣＰパルスが到着した場合には、カウンタ２２がリセットされると共に、計測中の絶対時刻を前回受信したＴＤデータに基づいて次式のように更新する。
【数１】
リセットされた現在時刻（秒）＝ＧＰＳ受信時間データ（秒）＋１．０
【数２】
リセット後の時刻＝数１のリセットされた現在時刻（秒）＋カウンタ２２のカウンタ値（Ｎ）／カウンタ周波数（Ｈｚ）
尚、カウンタ周波数は発振器２０の発振周波数であり、発振周波数１ＭＨｚとすると、時間分解能は１μｓｅｃとなる。かくして、図５（ｃ）の時点ｔ３において、現在位置計測及び時刻補正処理が終了すると、ＧＰＳ受信機１６の電源はＯＦＦされ、図５（Ｆ）の記録開始時刻ｔ１０の前の時点ｔ４〜ｔ５間のスリープ期間がゲート回路２４に設定され、この期間、各時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋのＭＰＵも全てスリープ状態となる。次に、列車２０２が橋２００にさしかかる直前の時刻ｔ５になると、各ゲート回路２４から各ＭＰＵの起動割込がそれぞれ独立に発生し、振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｋへの電源を供給すると共に、ＡＤ変換入力の準備をする。（図５の時点ｔ６，ｔ７）。続いて、列車２０２が橋２００に侵入する図５（Ｆ）の時点ｔ１０から、時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋは振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｋの出力のＡＤ変換を開始し、記録終了時点ｔ４０迄所定のサンプリング間隔で順次センサ出力をＡＤ変換し、記憶手段４６に書込む。
かくして、センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｋの計測が終了すると、発振器２０の電源がＯＦＦされ、続いて、ＭＰＵの電源もＯＦＦされる（図５（Ｂ）の時点ｔ４４）。この後、振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｋ及び時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｋを回収すると共に、各時刻記録装置１００ｉの記憶手段４６ｉからセンサデータを読出せば、数十Ｋｍの範囲の振動データを時間精度及び位置精度良く収集できるので、長大橋等の動特性解析を精度良く演算することができる。上述のような振動データ収集工程では、電源ケーブルや信号ケーブルを長距離に渡って敷設する必要がなく、また、センサ電源やデータ記憶装置の電源を、必要最小限の範囲でＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御でき、機動的かつ、低消費電力のデータ収集作業を数十Ｋｍの広範囲で同時に精度良く実行できる。
【０００８】
図２及び図４に対応させて示す図６は、この発明のまた別の一実施例を示すものであり、高層ビル３１０に所定の空間間隔で振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｐを時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐと共に並設してそれぞれ分散配置し、時刻出力装置１００ｘに結合された起動機３００の振動を記録し、高層ビル３１０の振動特性を解析するようにしたものである。かかる計測は高層ビルの防振対策、制振対策を行う場合、必須の作業であるが、従来は、完成後のビル内で、かかる計測を行うことはケーブル敷設の面で大変煩しい作業であった。図６の振動計測システムでは、予め図示しないパソコン等により、この発明の時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐに、振動計測の開始時刻、終了時刻、サンプリングレート、振動センサの電源投入／遮断時刻等を記録パラメータとして書込み、その後、所定の場所にそれぞれ設置する。また、起振機３００に結合するこの発明の時刻出力装置１００ｘにも、予め図示しないパソコン等により振動開始時刻、振動間隔、総振動回数等の起振パラメータを書込み、その後、起振機３００と結合する。
かくして、時刻出力パラメータ／時刻記録パラメータの設定が終了すると、起振開始時刻迄時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐ及び１００ｘはＲＴＣ３２ａ〜ＲＴＣ３２ｘだけアクティブ状態とし、他の電源は全てＯＦＦする。
しかして、図７（Ａ）の時点ｔ１ｘにおいて、ＲＴＣ３２ｘから時刻出力装置１００ｘの制御部２ｘのスリープ状態を解除する起動パルスが出力されると、ＯＳ部６０ｘが立上がり、ＧＰＳ電源及び発振器２０ｘの電源が制御信号ＰＧ１及びＰＧ２に基づいて供給される。すると、ＧＰＳ受信機１６ｘから受信したＣＰパルスが出力されると共に、時刻出力装置１００ｘの現在位置データＰＤｘも出力されるので、この現在位置データＰＤｘを入力して記憶手段４６ｘに書込む。また、ＣＰパルスが所定の時間間隔で出力されていることが確認できたならば、次のＣＰパルス受信時刻を予め予測し、その前後の所定の期間（例えば５μｓｅｃ）だけ、カウンタ２２ｘのリセット制御信号ＸＧｘをアクティブ状態とし、予測したＣＰパルスの立下がりのタイミングでカウンタ２２ｘをリセットし、時刻補正処理を実行する。かくして、図７（ｃ）の時点ｔ３ｘにおいて、現在位置計測及び時刻補正処理が終了すると、ＧＰＳ受信機１６ｘの電源はＯＦＦされ、起動開始時刻ｔ１０ｘの直前の時点ｔ５ｘ迄、時刻出力装置１００ｘのＭＰＵはスリープ状態となる。
一方、図７（Ｆ）の時点ｔ１ａ〜ｔ１ｐにおいて、それぞれ分散配置された時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐの内部でも、ＲＴＣ３２ａ〜ＲＴＣ３２ｐからそれぞれ制御部２ａ〜２ｐのスリープ状態を解除する起動パルスが出力されると、ＯＳ部６０ａ〜６０ｐが立上がり、ＧＰＳ電源及び発振器２０の電源がそれぞれ供給され、各時刻記録装置の現在位置データＰＤａ〜ＰＤｐの入力及び時刻補正処理が時刻出力装置１００ｘと平行に同様に実行され、その後、ＧＰＳ受信機１６ａ〜１６ｐの電源はＯＦＦされ、記録開始時刻ｔ１０ａ〜ｔ１０ｐの直前の時点ｔ５ａ〜ｔ５ｐ迄、各ＭＰＵはスリープ状態となる。
次に、記録開始直前の時刻ｔ５ａ〜ｔ５ｐになると、ゲート回路２４ａ〜２４ｐからそれぞれＭＰＵの起動割込が発生し、振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｐへ電源を供給すると共に、ＡＤ変換入力の準備を行う（図７（Ｇ）（Ｊ）の時点ｔ６ａ，ｔ７ａ等）。また、時刻出力装置１００ｘでも、時点ｔ５ｘでゲート回路２４ｘからＭＰＵの起動割込が発生し、起振機３００へのトリガ出力待ちとなる。かくして、図７（Ｅ）の時点ｔ１０ｘになると、時刻出力装置１００ｘから起振機３００へトリガパルスが出力され、地面にハンマ３０２等が落とされ、その振動が高層ビル３１０へ伝播していく。一方、高層ビル３１０に分散配置された時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐでは、図７（Ｋ）の時点ｔ１０ａ〜ｔ１０ｐから時点ｔ１５ａ〜ｔ１５ｐ迄それそれ指定されたサンプリング時間間隔で順次振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｐの出力をＡＤ変換し、記憶手段４６ａ〜４６ｐに書込む。
同様にして、図７（Ｅ）の時点ｔ２０ｘ，…，ｔ３０ｘにおいて、時刻出力装置１００ｘから起振指令が順次出力され、その振動が高層ビル３１０内に分散配置された振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｐにより検出され、それぞれ、時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐに記憶される。かくして、振動センサ２１０ａ〜２１０ｐの計測が終了すると、発振器２０ａ〜２０ｐの電源がそれぞれＯＦＦされ（図７（Ｉ）の時点ｔ５０ａ）、続いて、ＭＰＵの電源もＯＦＦされる（図７（Ｇ）の時点ｔ５２ａ）。この後、時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐを回収すると共に、各時刻記録装置１００ｉの記憶手段４６ｉからセンサデータを読出せば、時間精度／空間精度の良いデータを読出せるので、高層ビルの振動特性を精度良く解析することができる。
尚、上述のような振動データ収集工程では、電源ケーブルや信号ケーブルを長距離に渡って敷設する必要がなく、また、センサ電源やデータ記録装置の電源を必要最小限の範囲でＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御でき、機動的かつ低消費電力のデータ収集作業を実現できる。
【０００９】
次に、時刻出力装置兼時刻記録装置１００のプログラム環境を図８〜図１１に基づいて説明する。時刻出力装置１００と図示しないパソコンとは図１の通信制御部８０に設けられたパラレルＩＦ部８２又はシリアルＩＦ部８４を介してデータ通信するようになっており、ＲＯＭ等で構成されたＯＳ部６０の制御のもとに、ダウンロード可能プログラムを記憶手段７０の領域７２ａ〜７２ｎ等に書込むようになっている。
ところで、記憶手段７０をフラッシュメモリで構成した場合の、メモリ管理方法に関して更に詳しく説明すると、各フラッシュメモリの先頭領域には、メモリ不良代替情報７１０及びダウンロードするロードモジュール情報７２が書込まれており、メモリ不良代替情報７１０としては、チップ不良があった場合の代替ブロック情報７１２ａ〜７１２ｋが書込まれるようになっている。
また、モジュール情報７２の内容は、モジュール名７２０、モジュール作成時刻情報７２２、ＲＡＭに展開する場合のＲＡＭ先頭アドレス７２４、フラッシュメモリに書込む場合の先頭アドレス７２６、ファイルサイズ７２８等から構成されている（図９）。
尚、現在実行中のロードモジュール情報及びメモリ不良代替情報と代替ブロック情報がＲＡＭ６２の所定の領域に記憶されるようになっている。
更に、計時／記録パラメータ情報７０４としては図１１に示すように、ＧＰＳ起動パラメータ８００、時刻出力パラメータ８１０として、信号ＴＳＹＮＣの有無情報８１２及び信号ＴＣＯＤＥの有無情報８１４、トリガ出力パラメータ８２０として、トリガ出力有無情報８２２、出力開始時刻８２４、ＯＮ期間８２６、ＯＦＦ期間８２８、繰返し回数８３０等がある。又、イベント入力パラメータ８４０としては、イベント入力有無情報８４２、イベント計測開始時刻８４４、エッジ立上げ記録有無情報８４６、エッジ立下げ記録有無情報８４８、記録開始アドレス８５０、計測期間８５２、繰返し回数８５４等がある。更に又、ＡＩ入力パラメータ８６０としては、入力チャンネル数８６２、ＡＤ変換ゲイン８６４、サンプリング間隔８６６、記録開始時刻８６８、記録開始アドレス８７０、記録期間８７２、繰返し回数８７４等がある。さらに、計測データの通信パラメータ８８０としては、通信手段８８２、通信速度８８４、通信開始時刻８８６、通信開始アドレス８８８、通信データ長さ８９０、繰返し回数８９２等がある。
かかるデータ構造の基に、その動作を図１０のフローチャートを参照して説明すると、先ず、電源投入後、フラッシュメモリの読出メモリ情報７００及び実行モジュール情報７０２をチェックし、実行モジュールが有れば（ステップＳ２）、指定フラッシュメモリから実行モジュールを順次ＲＡＭ上に読出し、実行形式に展開し書込む（ステップＳ４）。その後、割込みベクターを設定し、ソフトウェアトラップで開始番地へジャンプし（ステップＳ６）、所定のモジュールを実行する（ステップＳ８）。
一方、実行モジュールが登録されていない場合には、ホストからの指令待ちととなり、プログラムの削除指令が出力された場合は（ステップＳ１０）、指定フラッシュメモリの指定領域を削除する（ステップＳ１２）。また、ホストからプログラム登録指令が出力された場合には（ステップＳ１４）、指定フラッシュメモリの指定領域にプログラムを書込む（ステップＳ１６）。さらに、自己診断指令が出力された場合には（ステップＳ１８）、自己診断を実行し、結果をホストに出力する（ステップＳ２０）。更にまた、パラメータ通信設定指令の場合には（ステップＳ２２）、計時／記録パラメータ情報７０４の通信設定処理を行う（ステップＳ２４）。そして、プログラム実行指令が出力されると（ステップＳ２６）、ステップＳ２へジャンプする。
尚、上述の説明では、時刻出力装置１００ａ，１００ｂと時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐとを区別して説明したが、図１に示すように、この発明の時刻出力装置１００ａ，１００ｂが時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐを兼ねることができることは、当業者には、明かである。また、時刻記録装置１００ａ〜１００ｐが、図１に示すように、この発明の時刻出力装置１００ａ，１００ｂを兼ねることができることも、当業者には、明かである。
【００１０】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、この発明の時刻出力装置／時刻記録装置を利用したセンサからのセンサ信号を獲得し、記録するためのセンサ信号とＧＰＳ時刻との同時記録装置を利用した物理探査のためのデータ収集システム及び方法によれば、必要最小限の消費電力でＧＰＳ衛星に同期した絶対時刻を計測し、センサデータを記録することで、従来必要であった電源ケーブルや信号ケーブルの敷設作業が不要となり、広範囲の記録地点で機動的に信号の同時計測が実現でき、高層ビル等の振動の動特性解析が容易となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の時刻出力／記録装置の一実施例を示すハードウェアブロック図である。
【図２】この発明の時刻出力装置の応用を示すシステム構成例である。
【図３】その動作を説明するためのタイムチャートである。
【図４】この発明の時刻記録装置の長大橋への応用を示す例である。
【図５】その動作を説明するためのタイムチャートである。
【図６】この発明の時刻記録装置の高層ビルへの応用を示す例である。
【図７】その動作を発明するためのタイムチャートである。
【図８】この発明のフラッシュ管理情報のデータ構造の一例を示す図である。
【図９】この発明のモジュール情報のデータ構造の一例を示す図である。
【図１０】この発明のホストインタフェース動作を説明するフローチャートの一例である。
【図１１】この発明の計時／記録パラメータ情報のデータ構造の一例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１２ＧＰＳアンテナ
１４ａ〜１４ｄ電源切替手段
１６ＧＰＳ受信機
１８ゲート手段
２０，３２発振器
２２カウンタ
２４ゲート回路
３０電池
３４表示手段
３６入力手段
４０時刻管理部
４２時刻データ入力部
４４状態変化検出部
４５ＡＤ変換手段
４６，７０記憶手段
４８シリアルデータ変換部
５０同期制御部
５２デジタル出力部
６０ＯＳ部
６２ＲＡＭ
８０通信制御部
８２パラレルＩＦ部
８４シリアルＩＦ部
１００，１００ａ〜１００ｘ時刻出力／記録装置
２００長大橋
２１０ａ〜２１０ｐ振動センサ
３１０高層ビル[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention uses a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver to automatically generate current time information accurately synchronized with absolute time, and to simultaneously record the sensor signal and GPS time. The present invention relates to a data collection system and method for physical exploration using a simultaneous recording apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Traditionally, seismometers have been installed in various parts of the country to measure the magnitude of seismic wave shaking, but the main goal was to measure the intensity of shaking at the location where they were installed. The accuracy of the device (timer) was not a problem.
In addition, when constructing and managing long-span bridges and skyscrapers, the actual vibration characteristics are fully simulated after construction even if strength calculations are repeatedly performed by simulation processing on the computer at the design stage before construction. It has not been actually measured.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the measurement accuracy of the seismometer is improved and weak seismic waves such as nuclear tests conducted overseas can be detected, comparative research with overseas measurement data is conducted, and a wide range of crustal structure inside the earth is studied. In order to analyze it, it has become necessary to study the measurement data of seismometers scattered all over the country in comparison with each other. On the other hand, atomic clocks and the like are very expensive and difficult to maintain, and it is very difficult to improve time accuracy within 10 msec by time correction using time signal radio waves from broadcasting stations. there were.
In addition, after the completion of the long-span bridge, if it is going to measure the dynamic characteristics of the vibration of the bridge as a train passes, vibration sensors must be installed at several tens of locations at a predetermined interval such as 500 m. The output is very weak, and there is a problem that it is impossible to transmit several hundreds of meters to several kilometers with a cable.
Furthermore, in high-rise buildings and the like, the vibrations due to strong winds and earthquakes differ greatly between the lower floors and the higher floors. When measuring the vibration of the entire building and calculating the resonance characteristics specific to the building structure, several Collecting vibration data by connecting locations and sensors with cables and collecting vibration data is a very cumbersome work after the building is completed, and improvement of such work and measurement method was strongly desired .
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a GPS receiver with a structure that can be carried in a small size, and to operate in a low power consumption mode so that a necessary time zone is obtained. Providing a time output device and a time recording device for outputting the current time information synchronized with the absolute time with the minimum power consumption to the outside, and thus, when recording sensor data, the power cable and the signal cable which have been conventionally required Geophysical exploration using a simultaneous recording device for sensor signals and GPS time, which eliminates the need for laying work, enables simultaneous measurement of signals flexibly at a wide range of recording points, and facilitates dynamic analysis of vibration characteristics of high-rise buildings, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a data collection system and method.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a data acquisition system for physical exploration for acquiring and processing sensor signals by a plurality of recording devices deployed at spatially different points.
B) Each recording device comprises b) a GPS time output device, c) storage means, d) recording parameter input means, and e) a recorder for recording the sensor signal and GPS time,
The GPS time output device generates, manages, and outputs a time signal synchronized with the GPS time, and selects a set of a GPS time generation device, a storage unit, and the time output device operating parameter to a predetermined time. Processing means for generating and outputting the signal to the outside,
The GPS time generator is obtained by a GPS receiver that extracts clock data synchronized with time data and absolute time from a GPS received signal, an oscillator that generates a pulse signal at a frequency with a predetermined accuracy, and the GPS receiver. The storage means for storing the latest time data as the current time, the counter for counting the pulse signal obtained by the oscillator, the count value of the counter divided by the frequency of the oscillator, and the result stored in the storage means Calculation means for adding the current time to obtain the time after reset, and confirming that the clock pulse obtained by the GPS receiver, which is coupled to the calculation means and the GPS receiver, is within a predetermined period Counter reset means for resetting the counter,
The GPS time correction is performed according to the frequency accuracy of the oscillator so that the measurement time of the GPS time generator is synchronized with the absolute time of the GPS receiver and the accuracy of the counter is within a predetermined accuracy range. In response to a selected parameter of the time output device operating parameter, a predetermined digital time signal is output to the outside in synchronization with the GPS absolute time, the sensor signal, A digital time signal output to the outside is simultaneously recorded on the recorder in accordance with the recording parameters in response to the absolute time. Further, f) an operating program in each recording device Means for setting the recording parameters provided by, and g) generated by at least one sensor according to the set recording parameters Each recording device that obtains the sensor signal together with the absolute time obtained from the GPS reception signal and records it in the storage means; and h) the recorded sensor signal and absolute value from each storage means of the plurality of recording devices. And means for transferring the time to the outside and integrating the plurality of sensor signals.
The present invention also relates to an autonomous time output device for generating, managing, and outputting a time signal. The object of the present invention is a GPS time generating device, a first solid-state memory, and the autonomous time output device. Input means for electronically downloading to the first solid-state memory a plurality of operating programs provided in the device and providing a menu of time output device operating parameters; time from the menu of the time generating device operating parameters; This is achieved by comprising a processing means for selecting a set of output device operating parameters to generate and output a predetermined time signal to the outside.
The invention also relates to an autonomous time recording device (ATR) for acquiring, processing and storing together with time data a sensor signal from at least one sensor. A device, a first solid-state memory, and an input means provided in the ATR for electronically downloading to the first solid-state memory of the ATR a plurality of operating programs providing a menu of recording device operating parameters The sensor is obtained by selecting a set of recording device operating parameters from the menu of recording device operating parameters provided by the operating program in response to the absolute time of the time generating device provided in the ATR And a processing means for obtaining and processing the acquired sensor data from said processing means. Also achieved by providing a second solid state memory for storing together with the time data of data.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a time output method, and the above object of the present invention is to provide a GPS time generation step, a time output device provided with a resident operating program while inputting the GPS time and managing the time accuracy. It is also achieved by providing a step of outputting absolute time data to the outside for a predetermined period in accordance with a set of time output device operating parameters from a menu of operating parameters.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a time recording method for acquiring, processing, storing and integrating the sensor signal by a time recording device. Inputting a time to manage time accuracy and selecting and waiting for a set of recorder operating parameters from a menu of recorder operating parameters provided by a resident operating program; and the selected set of records Obtaining and processing a sensor signal generated by at least one sensor electronically coupled to the time recording device according to the device operating parameters together with a spatial position and an absolute time; and a sensor signal recorded in the time recording device. It is also achieved by providing an external transfer / transmission step.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a hardware configuration of a time output device and / or a time recording device according to the present invention. In the GPS time generation unit 10, first, a GPS signal received by a GPS antenna 12 is sent to a GPS receiver 16. Sent. The GPS receiver 16 can detect the positioning data PD from the received GPS signal and output it to the control unit 2, and can extract only the time data TD based on the absolute time included in the positioning data. A clock pulse synchronized with the absolute time (hereinafter referred to as CP pulse) is reproduced and output to the control unit 2 and the like. These positioning data PD, time data TD, and CP pulse are sent to the time management unit 40 in the control unit 2 and also to the OS unit 60 constituted by a microprocessor (hereinafter referred to as MPU).
The GPS time generation unit 10 is also provided with a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator 20, a counter 22, and a gate circuit 24. The counter 22 is reset at a predetermined timing synchronized with the CP pulse by the counter reset means 18 constituted by an AND circuit. It is supposed to be reset. The accuracy of the CP pulse and the oscillator 20 is usually preferably 1 ppm or more.
On the other hand, the counter 22 operates as a counter that counts the output signal of the oscillator 20 and can also operate as a timer according to the setting conditions from the control unit 2. It is preferable that the external trigger signal of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 milliseconds can be appropriately selected and output. The time counter 22 counts a clock having a frequency set based on the output signal of the oscillator 20 and outputs the clock to the control unit 2 in parallel.
Further, the gate circuit 24 coupled to the counter 22 can output a pulse signal of various timings in synchronization with the CP pulse in response to a command of the synchronization control unit 50 in the control unit 2, and at a predetermined timing. In addition to generating a trigger signal TRIG to an external device and a synchronization signal TSYNC of a time output signal, a sampling clock of an A / D conversion means 45 for inputting an external sensor output is also generated. Thus, the GPS receiver 16 and the oscillator 20 are coupled with power supply switching means 14a and 14b, respectively, and the supply power is turned on at a predetermined timing by the control signals PG1 and PG2 output from the OS (operating system) unit 60, respectively. -OFF control is performed.
Further, a rough time signal with an accuracy of about 5 ppm is input to the control unit 2 from a real-time clock (RTC) 32 that is always backed up by the battery 30, and the RTC 32 executes a time measurement process in a sleep state or a standby state. Yes. Thus, the time information of each accuracy input to the control unit 2 is synchronized by the time management unit 40 and stored and managed based on the absolute time, and the edge rising and falling changes of the external digital signals DI1 to DIN change the state. When detected by the detection unit 44, these state change times are read from the time management unit 40 by the time data input unit 42 and stored in the second storage means 46. Furthermore, the external sensor signals AI1 to AIX are digitized at a predetermined timing via the A / D conversion means 45 and stored in the second storage means 46 together with the absolute time data.
On the other hand, when outputting the absolute time data to the outside, the OS unit 60 outputs a time data read command to the time data input unit 42, and the absolute time read from the time management unit 40 is converted by the serial data conversion unit 48. The data is converted into serial data, and a start bit and a stop bit are added before and after the data, and the data is output to the outside through the DO unit 52 as a signal TCODE. The synchronization signal TSYNC of the signal TCODE is also output to the outside via the synchronization control unit 50 and the gate circuit 24 at a timing synchronized with the CP pulse.
Furthermore, the control unit 2 is provided with first storage means 70 composed of a flash memory or the like for storing execution programs and data, and management information 70a and rewritable execution program groups 72a to 72n. The fixed program 72M and the like can be stored. The power of the storage means 70 is applied based on the control signal PG3 only at the read and write timings by the power supply switching means 14c, and the parallel IF (interface) section 82 or the serial IF section 84 in the communication control section 80 is connected. Write data is transferred from an external host computer (not shown). Thus, immediately after the power is turned on, the execution program written in the first storage means 70 is read from the storage means 70 to the RAMs 62a and 62b and executed, and the control unit 2 displays display means such as a liquid crystal panel and a plasma panel. 34 and a data input means 36 composed of an operation key switch, a numeric keypad and the like are also coupled so that a normal man-machine interface operation can be executed while viewing the message on the display means 34. Since the power consumption of the display means 34 is large, the power supply can be controlled to be turned on and off by the power supply switching means 14d based on the control signal PG4.
[0006]
In such a configuration, the operation of the time output devices 100a and 100b of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 2, the time output devices 100a and 100b of the present invention linked to the GPS satellite 1 are juxtaposed to the existing seismometers 110a and 110b, and the time output devices 100a and 100b are connected to subchannels such as the recorders 112a and 112b. The time code TCODE and / or the synchronization signal TSYNC output from the signal are simultaneously input and recorded together with the sensor signal on the recording paper 114a, 114b and the like.
First, in the GPS system, the CP pulse generated by the GPS receiver 16 is reproduced in synchronization with the absolute time, and is usually reproduced and output at intervals of one second. The time data TD is also updated every second in a normal state. However, if the GPS antenna 12 is faulty or the satellite reception state changes suddenly, it is not always possible to reliably reproduce the CP pulse at predetermined intervals every second. Therefore, in conjunction with the GPS time generation unit 10 and the time management unit 40 of the present invention, the time data TD is updated by the following processing to obtain the current time and time correction data, and the counter 22 is synchronously reset, Perform high-precision time management with an accuracy of around 1 ppm.
First, when an activation pulse for releasing the sleep state of the control unit 2 is output from the RTC 32 at time t1 in FIG. 3A, the GPS power source and the power control signal PG1 of the oscillator 20 are transmitted by the OS unit 60 and the like in the control unit 2. And PG2 are turned on and supplied via the power supply switching means 14a and 14b. Then, since the CP pulse is output from the GPS receiver 16 at a predetermined interval, the time management unit 40 checks the interval of the CP pulse by comparing it with the output of the counter 22 linked to the oscillator 20.
Thus, if it can be confirmed that a CP pulse is output at a predetermined interval (for example, every 1 second), the reception time of the next CP pulse can be predicted in advance. Therefore, the counter is counted only for a predetermined period before and after that (for example, 10 μsec). The reset control signal XG of No. 22 is activated, and the counter 22 is reset when a CP pulse arrives within this reset period. When the reset of the counter 22 can be confirmed, the absolute time during measurement is updated based on the previously received TD data, and the time correction data (TD data) of the counter 22 is written in the storage means 46 and the like. On the other hand, if the CP pulse does not reach during the reset period of the control signal XG, the above process is repeated again from the CP pulse interval check, and the reset process is repeated until the counter 22 can be reset.
Thus, for example, when the resetting of the counter 22 ends at the time t3, the power of the GPS receiver 16 is turned off, and the sleep period until the time t5 immediately before the time output start time t10 is set in the gate circuit 24. Until time t5, an MPU (microprocessor) (not shown) which is the maximum power consumption source of the control unit 2 is also in the sleep state. However, the time management unit 40 and the RAM 62 are supplied with power in this sleep state, and are maintained in a state where they can operate immediately when the MPU is activated. By executing such power saving control in detail, the life of the battery 30 can be greatly extended.
Next, when an MPU activation interrupt is generated from the gate circuit 24 at time t5 in FIG. 3D, the MPU rises again, and usually at a predetermined timing (for example, 100 msec before) immediately before the time output start time t10. When the current absolute time is read from the time management unit 40 and 10-digit digit information and 1-minute digit information are extracted from this time information, the time data input unit 42 performs +1 processing and normality at time t10 Information is generated and converted to 10-digit serial data and 1-minute serial data by the serial data converter 48, and a start bit and a stop bit are added at the beginning and end. Store in the digital output unit 52.
Thus, when the output preparation of the signal TCODE is completed, the time output start time t10 is written in the synchronization control unit 50, and the synchronization signal TSYNC and the signal TCODE synchronized with the CP pulse are output to the recorder 112a or 112b at a predetermined timing. It is like that. This is shown in FIGS. 3E to 3H. FIGS. 3G and 3H are enlarged views of the time axis of FIGS. 3E and 3F. In FIG. 3G, a signal TCODE is output at the timing of 00 seconds for each minute data. The sync signal TSYNC is inverted and output in units of 500 msec. In the above description, the time signal TCODE outputs only minute information, but it is easy for those skilled in the art to add year, month, day, and time information and output.
Further, when 15 minutes to several hours have elapsed, the clock of the oscillator 20 is shifted from the absolute time and the error becomes large. For example, the GPS receiver 16 is started up every 15 minutes and the counter 22 is reset. It may be repeated in the same manner as described above. In the above description, the paper output recorder is described as the recorder. However, if the sensor and the time signal TCODE can be recorded, such as a magnetic tape such as a data recorder or a large capacity computer memory, the type of the recording medium is Anything is ok.
[0007]
FIG. 4 shown corresponding to FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which vibration sensors 210a to 210k are distributed and installed on the long bridge 200 at predetermined distance intervals. The time recording devices 100a to 100k are also arranged in parallel with the vibration sensors, respectively, and the vibration characteristics of the long bridge 200 are measured by running the train 202 at a predetermined time.
In the vibration measurement system of FIG. 4, first, the time recording devices 100a to 100k of the present invention are recorded in advance by a personal computer (not shown) on the vibration measurement start time, end time, sampling rate, and power-on / off time of the vibration meter sensor. Write as The recording parameters may be set by manual operation using the display means 34 and the input means 36.
Thus, when the setting of the recording parameters is completed, the vibration sensors 210a to 210k and the time recording devices 100a to 100k are dispersedly arranged at predetermined distance intervals, and wait until the passing time of the train 202.
5A, when the activation pulse for releasing the sleep state of the control unit 2 is output from the RTC 32 in the time recording devices 100a to 100k, the OS unit 60 starts up, and the GPS power source and the oscillator Twenty power supplies are supplied based on the control signals PG1 and PG2. Then, CP pulses are output from the GPS receiver 16 at predetermined time intervals, and the current position data PD of the time recording devices 100a to 100k is also output. Therefore, the current position data PD is input and written in the storage means 46. Include.
Next, if it can be confirmed that the CP pulse is output at a predetermined time interval, the reception time of the next CP pulse can be predicted in advance. Therefore, the reset control of the counter 22 is performed only for a predetermined period before and after that (for example, 10 μsec). When the signal XG is activated and a CP pulse arrives within this reset period, the counter 22 is reset and the absolute time during measurement is updated as shown in the following equation based on the previously received TD data. .
[Expression 1]
Reset current time (seconds) = GPS reception time data (seconds) +1.0
[Expression 2]
Time after reset = Current time (seconds) reset in Equation 1 + Counter value of counter 22 (N) / Counter frequency (Hz)
The counter frequency is the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 20, and if the oscillation frequency is 1 MHz, the time resolution is 1 μsec. Thus, when the current position measurement and time correction processing are completed at time t3 in FIG. 5C, the power of the GPS receiver 16 is turned off, and time t4 to t5 before the recording start time t10 in FIG. The sleep period is set in the gate circuit 24, and during this period, all the MPUs of the time recording devices 100a to 100k are also in the sleep state. Next, at time t5 immediately before the train 202 reaches the bridge 200, each gate circuit 24 generates an activation interrupt for each MPU independently to supply power to the vibration sensors 210a to 210k and perform AD conversion. Prepare for input. (Time points t6 and t7 in FIG. 5). Subsequently, from time t10 in FIG. 5F when the train 202 enters the bridge 200, the time recording devices 100a to 100k start AD conversion of the outputs of the vibration sensors 210a to 210k, and perform predetermined sampling until the recording end time t40. The sensor output is AD-converted sequentially at intervals and written into the storage means 46.
Thus, when the measurement of the sensors 210a to 210k is completed, the power supply of the oscillator 20 is turned off, and then the power supply of the MPU is also turned off (time point t44 in FIG. 5B). Thereafter, when the vibration sensors 210a to 210k and the time recording devices 100a to 100k are collected and the sensor data is read from the storage means 46i of each time recording device 100i, vibration data in the range of several tens of kilometers can be obtained with time accuracy and position. Since it can be collected with high accuracy, dynamic characteristic analysis of a long bridge can be calculated with high accuracy. In the vibration data collection process as described above, it is not necessary to lay a power cable or a signal cable over a long distance, and the sensor power supply and the power supply of the data storage device can be controlled on and off within the minimum necessary range. It is possible to carry out agile and low-power-consumption data collection work simultaneously and accurately over a wide range of several tens of kilometers.
[0008]
FIG. 6 corresponding to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which vibration sensors 210a to 210p are attached to the high-rise building 310 at predetermined spatial intervals with the time recording devices 100a to 100p. In addition, the vibrations of the starter 300 coupled to the time output device 100x are recorded, and the vibration characteristics of the high-rise building 310 are analyzed. Such measurement is an indispensable task when anti-vibration measures and vibration suppression measures are taken for high-rise buildings, but in the past, performing such measurements in a completed building is a very troublesome task in terms of cable laying. there were. In the vibration measuring system of FIG. 6, the time recording devices 100a to 100p of the present invention are recorded in advance by a personal computer or the like (not shown) to record the vibration measurement start time, end time, sampling rate, vibration sensor power on / off time, and the like. And then installed at predetermined locations. Also, in the time output device 100x of the present invention coupled to the vibration generator 300, vibration parameters such as vibration start time, vibration interval, total number of vibrations, etc. are written in advance by a personal computer (not shown). Join.
Thus, when the setting of the time output parameter / time recording parameter is completed, the time recording devices 100a to 100p and 100x are in the active state only for the RTC 32a to RTC 32x until the vibration start time, and all other power supplies are turned off.
7A, when the activation pulse for releasing the sleep state of the control unit 2x of the time output device 100x is output from the RTC 32x at the time point t1x, the OS unit 60x starts up, and the GPS power source and the power source of the oscillator 20x are supplied. Is supplied based on the control signals PG1 and PG2. Then, the CP pulse received from the GPS receiver 16x is output and the current position data PDx of the time output device 100x is also output. The current position data PDx is input and written in the storage means 46x. If it can be confirmed that the CP pulse is output at a predetermined time interval, the next CP pulse reception time is predicted in advance, and the reset control of the counter 22x is performed only for a predetermined period before and after that (for example, 5 μsec). The signal XGx is set in an active state, the counter 22x is reset at the predicted falling edge of the CP pulse, and time correction processing is executed. Thus, when the current position measurement and time correction processing are completed at time t3x in FIG. 7C, the power of the GPS receiver 16x is turned off, and the MPU of the time output device 100x until time t5x immediately before the activation start time t10x. Goes to sleep.
On the other hand, at time points t1a to t1p in FIG. 7F, activation pulses for canceling the sleep states of the control units 2a to 2p are output from the RTCs 32a to RTC 32p, respectively, within the time recording devices 100a to 100p that are distributed. Then, the OS units 60a to 60p are started, the GPS power source and the power source of the oscillator 20 are respectively supplied, and the input of the current position data PDa to PDp of each time recording device and the time correction processing are performed in parallel with the time output device 100x. After that, the powers of the GPS receivers 16a to 16p are turned off, and each MPU enters a sleep state until a time point t5a to t5p immediately before the recording start time t10a to t10p.
Next, at times t5a to t5p immediately before the start of recording, MPU activation interrupts are generated from the gate circuits 24a to 24p, respectively, and power is supplied to the vibration sensors 210a to 210p and preparation for AD conversion input is performed ( (Time t6a, t7a, etc. in FIGS. 7G and 7J). Also in the time output device 100x, the MPU activation interrupt is generated from the gate circuit 24x at time t5x, and the trigger output to the exciter 300 is awaited. Thus, at time t10x in FIG. 7E, the trigger pulse is output from the time output device 100x to the exciter 300, the hammer 302 and the like are dropped on the ground, and the vibration propagates to the high-rise building 310. On the other hand, in the time recording devices 100a to 100p distributed in the high-rise building 310, the vibration sensors 210a to 210p are sequentially arranged at the designated sampling time intervals from the time t10a to t10p to the time t15a to t15p in FIG. The output is AD-converted and written in the storage means 46a to 46p.
Similarly, at time t20x,..., T30x in FIG. 7E, a vibration command is sequentially output from the time output device 100x, and the vibration is detected by vibration sensors 210a to 210p distributed in the high-rise building 310. And stored in the time recording devices 100a to 100p, respectively. Thus, when the measurement of the vibration sensors 210a to 210p is completed, the power sources of the oscillators 20a to 20p are turned off (time point t50a in FIG. 7 (I)), and then the power source of the MPU is also turned off (FIG. 7G). At time t52a). Thereafter, by collecting the time recording devices 100a to 100p and reading the sensor data from the storage means 46i of each time recording device 100i, it is possible to read data with good time accuracy / space accuracy. It is possible to analyze with high accuracy.
In the vibration data collection process as described above, it is not necessary to lay a power cable or a signal cable over a long distance, and the sensor power supply and the power supply of the data recording device are controlled to the minimum necessary range. It is possible to realize a flexible and low power consumption data collection operation.
[0009]
Next, the program environment of the time output device / time recording device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. The time output device 100 and a personal computer (not shown) perform data communication via a parallel IF unit 82 or a serial IF unit 84 provided in the communication control unit 80 of FIG. 1, and an OS unit configured by a ROM or the like. Under the control of 60, the downloadable program is written in the areas 72a to 72n of the storage means 70.
By the way, the memory management method in the case where the storage means 70 is constituted by a flash memory will be described in more detail. In the head area of each flash memory, memory failure replacement information 710 and downloaded load module information 72 are written. As the memory failure substitute information 710, substitute block information 712a to 712k when there is a chip failure is written.
The contents of the module information 72 are composed of a module name 720, module creation time information 722, a RAM start address 724 when expanded in the RAM, a start address 726 when written in the flash memory, a file size 728, and the like. (FIG. 9).
Note that the currently executed load module information, memory failure substitute information, and substitute block information are stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 62.
Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the timekeeping / recording parameter information 704 includes a GPS activation parameter 800, a time output parameter 810, a signal TSYNC presence / absence information 812, a signal TCODE presence / absence information 814, and a trigger output parameter 820 as a trigger output. Presence / absence information 822, output start time 824, ON period 826, OFF period 828, number of repetitions 830, and the like. The event input parameter 840 includes event input presence / absence information 842, event measurement start time 844, edge rise recording presence / absence information 846, edge fall recording presence / absence information 848, recording start address 850, measurement period 852, number of repetitions 854, and the like. There is. Further, the AI input parameter 860 includes the number of input channels 862, an AD conversion gain 864, a sampling interval 866, a recording start time 868, a recording start address 870, a recording period 872, a repetition count 874, and the like. Further, the communication parameter 880 of measurement data includes a communication unit 882, a communication speed 884, a communication start time 886, a communication start address 888, a communication data length 890, a repetition count 892, and the like.
Based on such a data structure, the operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 10. First, after the power is turned on, the read memory information 700 and the execution module information 702 of the flash memory are checked. In step S2), the execution modules are sequentially read out from the designated flash memory onto the RAM, and are developed and written into an execution format (step S4). Thereafter, an interrupt vector is set, a software trap is used to jump to the start address (step S6), and a predetermined module is executed (step S8).
On the other hand, if the execution module is not registered, the host waits for a command, and if a program deletion command is output (step S10), the specified area of the specified flash memory is deleted (step S12). When a program registration command is output from the host (step S14), the program is written in the designated area of the designated flash memory (step S16). Further, when the self-diagnosis command is output (step S18), the self-diagnosis is executed and the result is output to the host (step S20). Furthermore, in the case of a parameter communication setting command (step S22), a communication setting process for time / record parameter information 704 is performed (step S24). When the program execution command is output (step S26), the process jumps to step S2.
In the above description, the time output devices 100a and 100b and the time recording devices 100a to 100p are distinguished from each other. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the time output devices 100a and 100b of the present invention are time recording devices 100a to 100a. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that 100p can be used. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the time recording devices 100a to 100p can also serve as the time output devices 100a and 100b of the present invention as shown in FIG.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the sensor signal for acquiring and recording the sensor signal from the sensor using the time output device / time recording device of the present invention is used for the physical exploration using the simultaneous recording device of the sensor signal and the GPS time. According to the data collection system and method, the absolute time synchronized with the GPS satellite is measured with the minimum necessary power consumption, and the sensor data is recorded, so that it is not necessary to lay the power cable and signal cable, which was necessary in the past. Thus, simultaneous measurement of signals can be realized flexibly at a wide range of recording points, and dynamic characteristics analysis of vibrations of high-rise buildings and the like becomes easy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a hardware block diagram showing an embodiment of a time output / recording apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system configuration example showing application of the time output device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a time chart for explaining the operation;
FIG. 4 is an example showing an application of the time recording apparatus of the present invention to a long bridge.
FIG. 5 is a time chart for explaining the operation;
FIG. 6 is an example showing the application of the time recording apparatus of the present invention to a high-rise building.
FIG. 7 is a time chart for inventing the operation.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a data structure of flash management information according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a data structure of module information according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an example of a flowchart for explaining the host interface operation of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a data structure of timekeeping / recording parameter information according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 GPS antenna
14a-14d Power supply switching means
16 GPS receiver
18 Gate means
20, 32 oscillator
22 counter
24 Gate circuit
30 batteries
34 Display means
36 Input means
40 Time Management Department
42 Time data input section
44 State change detector
45 AD conversion means
46,70 storage means
48 Serial data converter
50 Synchronization control unit
52 Digital output section
60 OS part
62 RAM
80 Communication control unit
82 Parallel IF section
84 Serial IF section
100, 100a to 100x Time output / recording device
200 Long Bridge
210a-210p Vibration sensor
310 High-rise Building

Claims

A data acquisition system for physical exploration for acquiring and processing sensor signals by a plurality of recording devices arranged at spatially different points, wherein a) each recording device is b) a GPS time output device A) storage means; d) recording parameter input means; and e) a recorder for recording the sensor signal and GPS time.
The GPS time output device generates, manages, and outputs a time signal synchronized with the GPS time, and selects a set of a GPS time generation device, a storage unit, and the time output device operating parameter to a predetermined time. Processing means for generating and outputting the signal to the outside,
The GPS time generator is obtained by a GPS receiver that extracts clock data synchronized with time data and absolute time from a GPS received signal, an oscillator that generates a pulse signal at a frequency with a predetermined accuracy, and the GPS receiver. The storage means for storing the latest time data as the current time, the counter for counting the pulse signal obtained by the oscillator, the count value of the counter divided by the frequency of the oscillator, and the result stored in the storage means Calculation means for adding the current time to obtain the time after reset, and confirming that the clock pulse obtained by the GPS receiver, which is coupled to the calculation means and the GPS receiver, is within a predetermined period Counter reset means for resetting the counter,
The GPS time correction is performed according to the frequency accuracy of the oscillator so that the measurement time of the GPS time generator is synchronized with the absolute time of the GPS receiver and the accuracy of the counter is within a predetermined accuracy range. In response to a selected parameter of the time output device operating parameter, a predetermined digital time signal is output to the outside in synchronization with the GPS absolute time, the sensor signal, A digital time signal output to the outside is simultaneously recorded on the recorder in accordance with the recording parameters in response to the absolute time. Further, f) an operating program in each recording device Means for setting the recording parameters provided by, and g) generated by at least one sensor according to the set recording parameters Each recording device that obtains the sensor signal together with the absolute time obtained from the GPS reception signal and records it in the storage means; and h) the recorded sensor signal and absolute value from each storage means of the plurality of recording devices. A data collection system for physical exploration, comprising means for transferring time to the outside and integrating the plurality of sensor signals.

The data for physical exploration according to claim 1, wherein the recorder includes a paper output recorder, a data recorder, or a computer, and the recording medium includes paper, magnetic tape, or a computer memory. Collection system.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each GPS time output device also serves as each recording device.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sensor signal is recorded after A / D conversion.

5. The physical exploration according to claim 1, wherein the recording parameter includes at least one of a GPS activation parameter, a time output parameter, a trigger output parameter, an event input parameter, or a measurement data communication parameter. Data collection system.

The time output parameter includes the presence / absence information of the signal TSYNC or the presence / absence information of the signal TCODE,
The trigger output parameters include trigger output presence / absence information, output start time, ON period, OFF period, or repetition count,
The physical according to claim 5, wherein the event input parameter includes event input presence / absence information, event measurement start time, edge rising recording presence / absence information, edge falling recording presence / absence information, recording start address, measurement period, or number of repetitions. Data collection system for exploration.

The recording parameters include AI input parameters;
7. The physical exploration according to claim 1, wherein the AI input parameter includes the number of input channels, AD conversion gain, sampling interval, recording start time, recording start address, recording period, or number of repetitions. Data collection system for.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to claim 7, wherein the sampling interval and / or recording start time of the AI input parameter includes an absolute time synchronized with the GPS time of the time generation unit.

9. The physical exploration according to claim 5, wherein the communication parameter of the measurement data includes a communication means, a communication speed, a communication start time, a communication start address, a communication data length, or a repetition count. Data collection system.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to claim 9, wherein the communication means is configured to perform data communication with the outside via a parallel interface or a serial interface.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein an oscillator of the time generator has an accuracy of 1 ppm or more.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the oscillator includes an oscillator with temperature compensation.

The counter of the said time generator can output the trigger signal of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, or 1000 milliseconds to the exterior. Data collection system for the described geophysical exploration.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein observation position data of the recording device is detected from the GPS receiver.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the storage means is configured by a flash memory or a RAM memory.

The data collection system for geophysical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the sensor includes a seismometer or a vibration sensor.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the recording device is a portable recording device.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the recording parameters are downloaded and set in the plurality of recording devices from the outside.

The data collection system for physical exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein sensor signals from seismometers or vibration sensors arranged in a distributed manner are acquired and recorded.

The recording device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein a plurality of the recording devices are installed on a long bridge, a high-rise building, or the earth to acquire and record a sensor output synchronized with an absolute time. Data collection system for the described geophysical exploration.

A data collection method for geophysical exploration in which sensor signals are acquired and processed by a plurality of recording devices deployed in an area of interest in geophysical exploration,
Each of the plurality of recording devices comprises a) a GPS time output device, b) a storage means, c) a recording parameter input means, and d) a recorder for recording the sensor signal and GPS time,
The GPS time output device generates, manages, and outputs a time signal synchronized with the GPS time, and selects a set of a GPS time generation device, a storage unit, and the time output device operating parameter to a predetermined time. Processing means for generating and outputting the signal to the outside,
The GPS time generator is obtained by a GPS receiver that extracts clock data synchronized with time data and absolute time from a GPS received signal, an oscillator that generates a pulse signal at a frequency with a predetermined accuracy, and the GPS receiver. The storage means for storing the latest time data as the current time, the counter for counting the pulse signal obtained by the oscillator, the count value of the counter divided by the frequency of the oscillator, and the result stored in the storage means Calculation means for adding the current time to obtain the time after reset, and confirming that the clock pulse obtained by the GPS receiver, which is coupled to the calculation means and the GPS receiver, is within a predetermined period Counter reset means for resetting the counter,
E) The GPS receiver step of extracting the absolute time and the synchronous clock pulse synchronized with the absolute time from the GPS received signal by the GPS receiver, and storing the absolute time;
F) a pulse measuring step of measuring a pulse signal from the oscillator with the counter;
G) A current time calculation step of synchronizing the synchronous clock pulse of the GPS reception step with the pulse signal of the pulse measurement step and correcting the current time count value obtained by the counter of the pulse measurement step with the absolute time. When,
H) selecting and waiting for a set of recording parameters from a menu of recording parameters provided by an operating program resident in the recording device;
B) In response to the selected parameter of the time output device operating parameter, a predetermined digital time signal is output to the outside in synchronization with the GPS absolute time, the at least one sensor signal and the GPS time, A digital time signal output to the outside, in response to the absolute time, according to the recording parameters, simultaneously recording on the recorder,
And n) transferring the sensor signal and GPS time recorded in the storage means and the digital time signal to the outside, and
E) a step of setting recording parameters in each of the plurality of data recording devices, and e) a step of selecting and waiting for a set of recording parameters from the set recording parameter menu; According to the set of recording parameters, in each of the data recording devices, a sensor signal generated by the sensor is acquired together with GPS absolute time and recorded in the storage means; and f) from each of the data recording devices, A method of collecting data for physical exploration, comprising the step of transferring and integrating the recorded sensor signal and absolute time to the outside.

The data for physical exploration according to claim 21, wherein the recorder includes a paper output recorder, a data recorder, or a computer, and the recording medium includes paper, magnetic tape, or a computer memory. Collection method.

The data collection method for physical exploration according to claim 21 or 22, wherein each GPS time output device also serves as each recording device.

The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the sensor signal is recorded after A / D conversion.

25. For physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the recording parameter includes at least one of a GPS activation parameter, a time output parameter, a trigger output parameter, an event input parameter, or a measurement data communication parameter. Data collection method.

The time output parameter includes the presence / absence information of the signal TSYNC or the presence / absence information of the signal TCODE,
The trigger output parameters include trigger output presence / absence information, output start time, ON period, OFF period, or repetition count,
The physics according to claim 25, wherein the event input parameter includes event input presence / absence information, event measurement start time, edge rising recording presence / absence information, edge falling recording presence / absence information, recording start address, measurement period, or number of repetitions. Data collection method for exploration.

The recording parameters include AI input parameters;
27. The physical exploration according to claim 21, wherein the AI input parameter includes the number of input channels, AD conversion gain, sampling interval, recording start time, recording start address, recording period, or repetition count. Data collection method for.

The data collection method for physical exploration according to claim 27, wherein the sampling interval and / or recording start time of the AI input parameter includes an absolute time synchronized with the GPS time of the time generation unit.

29. For physical exploration according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein communication parameters of the measurement data include communication means, communication speed, communication start time, communication start address, communication data length, or repetition count. Data collection method.

30. The data collection method for physical exploration according to claim 29, wherein the communication means is configured to perform data communication with the outside via a parallel interface or a serial interface.

The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 30, wherein an oscillator of the time generator has an accuracy of 1 ppm or more.

32. The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 31, wherein the oscillator includes an oscillator with temperature compensation.

The counter of the said time generation device can output the trigger signal of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, or 1000 milliseconds to the outside. Data collection method for the described geophysical exploration.

The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 33, wherein observation position data of the recording device is detected from the GPS receiver.

35. The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 34, wherein the storage means comprises a flash memory or a RAM memory.

36. The data collection method for geophysical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 35, wherein the sensor includes a seismometer or a vibration sensor.

37. The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 36, wherein the recording device is a portable recording device.

38. The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 37, wherein the recording parameters are downloaded from outside and set in the plurality of recording devices.

The data collection method for physical exploration according to any one of claims 21 to 38, wherein sensor signals from seismometers or vibration sensors arranged in a distributed manner are acquired and recorded.

40. The recording device according to any one of claims 21 to 39, wherein a plurality of the recording devices are installed on a long bridge, a high-rise building, or the earth to acquire and record a sensor output synchronized with an absolute time. Data collection method for the described geophysical exploration.