JP3590457B2 - Method for producing aqueous emulsion - Google Patents
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- JP3590457B2 JP3590457B2 JP17481895A JP17481895A JP3590457B2 JP 3590457 B2 JP3590457 B2 JP 3590457B2 JP 17481895 A JP17481895 A JP 17481895A JP 17481895 A JP17481895 A JP 17481895A JP 3590457 B2 JP3590457 B2 JP 3590457B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は水性エマルジョンの製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、エマルジョン型水性塗料の技術的進歩は非常にめざましいものがある。エマルジョン型水性塗料は主成分としてバインダーと顔料からなっており、さらに塗料の塗膜性能の向上を目的とする各種の添加剤を含んでいる。塗料の重要な特性である塗膜性能を決定するのはバインダーであり、用途別に要求される多様な特性を実現されるため、水性エマルジョンの改良、高機能化が続けられてきた。このような多種多様な要求特性に対し、アクリル酸エステルあるいはメタクリル酸エステル系単量体からなる重合体(以下アクリル系重合体と略記する)を分散質とする水性エマルジョンは、皮膜柔軟性、各種官能基導入による高機能化および耐候性等の点で広い応用範囲があるため、塗料用バインダーとして主流となってきている。
【0003】
しかし、アクリル系重合体は、燃えやすいため、難燃性が要求される塗料のバインダーとしては、それ単独では使用することが困難である。そこで、難燃性塗料のバインダーとして、各種の難燃化技術が応用されており、例えば、りん酸エステル、含ハロゲン燐酸エステル、ハロゲン化合物等の添加型難燃剤やハロゲンを含有する単量体の共重合等の反応性難燃剤が一般的に併用されている。難燃性の低いアクリル系重合体にこのような難燃剤を導入する場合、目標の難燃性のレベルには相当量の難燃剤の添加が必要となることから、塗膜性能への悪影響、コスト問題、難燃剤がハロゲン化物の場合における環境問題などがある。一方、水性エマルジョンの分散質が酢酸ビニル系単量体からなる重合体の場合には、アクリル系重合体に比べて、比較的難燃性が高くなるが、耐水性、耐候性、Tgの調整、各種官能基導入による高機能化等が劣るという欠点がある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の問題点を解消し、耐水性および塗膜の柔軟性等の各種の塗膜性能に優れ、しかも難燃性の良好な塗料用バインダーとして好適な水性エマルジョンならびに該水性エマルジョンを用いた難燃性塗料を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、下記の発明を見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
乳化剤およびポリビニルアルコールからなる分散剤の存在下で、酢酸ビニルを含む単量体を乳化重合してビニルエステル系重合体(A)を製造し、しかる後にメタクリル酸エステル、アクリル酸エステルおよびスチレン系単量体のうちの少なくとも一種の単量体を、連鎖移動剤の存在下で、乳化剤からなる分散剤を連続的または間欠的に添加して乳化重合することにより重合体(B)を製造し、重合体(A)は主として分散質の中心部に存在し、重合体(B)は主として分散質の周辺部に存在し、重合体(A)と重合体(B)との重量比率が9:1〜1:9であり、かつ乳化剤とポリビニルアルコールとの重量比率が5:5〜9:1である水性エマルジョンの製造法。本発明の方法によって製造される水性エマルジョンは難燃性塗料として有用である。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において水性エマルジョンは、上述の如き分散質および分散剤からなる。ここで、分散質は、ビニルエステル系重合体(A)ならびにメタクリル酸エステル単位、アクリル酸エステル単位およびスチレン系単量体単位のうちの少なくとも一種からなる重合体(B)から構成される1個の分散質の集合体である。
【0007】
ビニルエステル系重合体(A)としては、様々なものが挙げられるが、一般には酢酸ビニル,プロピオン酸ビニル,ピバリン酸ビニル,炭素数8〜10の3級カルボン酸のビニルエステル(例えばシェル化学社製,商品名:Veova10),ステアリン酸ビニル、さらにはギ酸ビニル,バレリン酸ビニル,カプリン酸ビニル,ラウリン酸ビニル,安息香酸ビニル等のビニルエステル単位を主体とする(共)重合体である。中でも酢酸ビニルを主体とする(共)重合体が、難燃性能の点から好ましい。これらのビニルエステル単位に30重量%以下のエチレン,塩化ビニルなどの共重合可能な単量体単位や少量のカルボキシル基あるいはアミド基等の官能基を持つ単量体単位を共重合したものも含まれる。
【0008】
次に、重合体(B)は、アクリル酸エステル単位、メタクリル酸エステル単位およびスチレン系単量体単位のうちの少なくとも一種からなる重合体である。重合体(B)を構成するアクリル酸エステル単位としては、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸n−プロピル、アクリル酸i−プロピル、アクリル酸n−ブチル、アクリル酸i−ブチル、アクリル酸t−ブチル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸ドデシル、アクリル酸オクタデシル等が挙げられ、メタクリル酸エステル単位としては、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸n−プロピル、メタクリル酸i−プロピル、メタクリル酸n−ブチル、メタクリル酸i−ブチル、メタクリル酸t−ブチル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸ドデシル、メタクリル酸オクタデシル等が挙げられ、スチレン系単量体単位としては、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、P−メチルスチレンスルホン酸およびそのナトリウム、カリウム塩等が挙げられる。これらは、単独あるいは2種以上併用して用いられる。
【0009】
その他、エチレン、プロピレン、イソブテン等のオレフィン類、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニル、フッ化ビニリデン等のハロゲン化オレフィン類、ギ酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、バーサチック酸ビニル、ピバリン酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、N−メチロールアクリルアミド、N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミド、アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸およびそのナトリウム塩のアクリルアミド系単量体類、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等のニトリル類、酢酸アリル、塩化アリル等のアリル化合物、N−ビニルピロリドン、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジビニルベンゼン等の多官能性不飽和単量体等を30重量%以下上記の単量体に併用して用いて重合体(B)を構成することもできる。
【0010】
本発明において水性エマルジョンの分散質は、重合体(A)および重合体(B)からなる1個の分散質の集合体であり、重合体(A)は主として分散質の中心部に存在し、重合体(B)は主として分散質の周辺部に存在する二層構造となっている。すなわち、重合体(A)は主として(具体的には70重量%以上、好ましくは80重量%以上、特に好ましくは90重量%以上)分散質の中心部に存在し、重合体(B)は主として(具体的には70重量%以上、好ましくは80重量%以上、特に好ましくは90重量%以上)分散質の周辺部に存在する構成となっている。分散質を構成する重合体(A)および重合体(B)の形状は、必ずしも球状に限らず、種々の形状となることができる。分散質における重合体(A)と重合体(B)との重量比率は9:1〜1:9、好ましくは8:2〜2:8である。重合体(A)の重量比率が、重合体(A)と重合体(B)の合計量に対して90重量%を超えると、その水性エマルジョンを用いて得られる塗料塗膜の柔軟性のコントロールが困難であり、逆に、10重量%を下回ると、塗料塗膜の難燃性が低下する等の問題が生じる。
【0011】
本発明において、分散剤に用いられる乳化剤としては、従来公知のアニオン性、カチオン性、非イオン性あるいは両性の界面活性剤が用いられ、単独あるいは二種以上が併用される。また、上記のイオン性の異なる界面活性剤は、目的に応じて適宜選定され、必要に応じて分子内に二重結合を有する共重合性界面活性剤を用いることができる。また、分散剤に用いられるPVAとしては、従来公知のものが充当され、例えば、けん化度80〜99モル%,重合度200〜8000のPVAや主鎖,側鎖あるいは分子末端に官能基が導入された所謂変性PVAも好適である。乳化剤およびPVAからなる分散剤においては、それらの重量比率は5:5〜9:1であることが好ましい。乳化剤が分散剤の総量に対して50重量%を下回る場合には、重合安定性が低下する上、塗料塗膜の耐水性が低下する。分散剤の使用量(乳化剤とPVAの合計量)としては特に制限はないが、分散質(重合体(A)と重合体(B)の合計量)100重量部に対して0.2〜50重量部が好ましく、1〜10重量部が特に好ましい。
【0012】
本発明において水性エマルジョンの分散質の平均粒径は特に制限はないが、0.1〜2μmが好ましく、0.15〜1.5μmがより好ましい。水性エマルジョンの分散質濃度は、各種の状況により適宜選定すればよいが、40〜65重量%が好ましく、45〜55重量%がより好ましい。
【0013】
本発明において水性エマルジョンには、所望により各種の水性エマルジョンを添加することができる。かかる水性エマルジョンとしては、酢酸ビニルエマルジョン,エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体エマルジョン,ポリクロロプレンエマルジョン,ポリブタジエンエマルジョン,スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体エマルジョン,ブタジエン−アクリロニトリル共重合体エマルジョン,ブチルゴムエマルジョン,ポリアクリル酸エステルエマルジョン,ポリ塩化ビニルエマルジョン,ポリ塩化ビニリデンエマルジョン等が挙げられる。
【0014】
本発明の難燃性塗料は、上記水性エマルジョンをバインダーとして、各種無機質や顔料を配合することにより調製される。無機質や顔料としては、特に制限はなく、各種の天然顔料、合成無機顔料および合成有機顔料を使用することができる。具体的には、着色顔料(チタン白、鉄黄、群青、カドミウムイエロー、ベンガラ、クロムイエロー、カーボンブラック、シアニン系顔料、アゾ系顔料、トリフェニルメタン系顔料、キノリン系顔料、アントラキノン系顔料、フタロシアニン系顔料など)、体質顔料(硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、カオリン、タルク、シリカ、アルミナ、パーライト、硅砂など)、特殊顔料(錆止め顔料、発光顔料、示温顔料など)、繊維状またはリン片状の特殊無機顔料(アスベスト、ロックウール、マイカなど)などが挙げられ、これら顔料は単独で用いても良いし、二種以上を組み合わせて使用しても良い。
【0015】
顔料や無機質の配合量としては特に制限はないが、水性エマルジョンの固形物100重量部に対して40〜400重量部が好ましく、60〜300重量部がより好ましい。顔料の添加量が40重量部未満では塗膜の難燃性の低下やふくれが発生する問題があり、一方、400重量部を越えると塗膜の造膜性が低下したり、柔軟性や弾性を失うことがある。
【0016】
本発明の難燃性塗料には、各種の難燃剤を配合することができる。例えば、難燃剤としてはトリクレジルホスフェート、クレジルフェニルホスフェート、トリフェニルホスフェート、ジフェニルオクチルホスフェート、トリブチルホスフェート等のりん酸エステル、トリス(β−クロルエチル)ホスフェート、トリス(ジクロルプロピル)ホスフェート、トリス(2、3−ジブロムプロピル)ホスフェート、トリス(ブロムクロルプロピル)ホスフェート等の含ハロゲンりん酸エステル、塩素化パラフィン、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリフェニル、臭素化ポリフェニル等のハロゲン化合物が挙げられ、難燃助剤として三酸化アンチモン、酒石酸アンチモンカリ、トリフェニルスチレン等が挙げられる。
【0017】
本発明の難燃性塗料には、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、所望により通常の水性エマルジョン型塗料を調製する際に用いられる各種の添加成分、例えば、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、PVA、ポリアクリル酸塩、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルピロリドンなどの増粘剤、トリポリリン酸塩、ヘキサメタリン酸塩などの縮合リン酸塩、アニオン性、ノニオン性あるいはカチオン性などの界面活性剤、スチレン−無水マレイン酸半エステル塩共重合体、ジイソブチレン−無水マレイン酸半エステル塩共重合体などの分散剤、さらには、消泡剤、防ばい剤、防腐剤、造膜助剤、老化防止剤、凍結防止剤などを添加することができる。
【0018】
本発明の塗料は、ロール、コテ、刷毛、スプレーガンなどを用いて、一般的な方法で塗工される。そして、布、紙、木材、合板、コンクリート、モルタル、ALC板、フレキシブル板、金属板などからなる壁面、床面、天井面などの様々な面に対して好適に使用することができる。この際、下地との密着性、防水性、耐候性、美観などの改良を目的として、下地処理剤、上塗り剤などを使用することもできる。
【0019】
本発明の水性エマルジョンを製造するにあたっては、様々な手法が考えられるが、なかでも効率よく、しかも高品質の水性エマルジョンが製造できる方法は、乳化剤およびPVAからなる分散剤の存在下で、酢酸ビニルを含む単量体を乳化重合してビニルエステル系重合体(A)を製造する第一段階と、しかる後にメタクリル酸エステル、アクリル酸エステルおよびスチレン系単量体のうちの少なくとも一種の単量体を連鎖移動剤の存在下で、乳化剤からなる分散剤を連続的または間欠的に添加して乳化重合することにより重合体(B)を製造する第二段階とからなる二段重合法が好ましい。
【0020】
第一段階では、実質的にビニルエステル系モノマーの重合を完結するのが望ましいが、70%程度の重合転化率で第二段階の重合に移行しても差し支えない。また第一段階,第二段階とも、必ずしも同一の重合反応器で重合する必要はなく、予め別にビニルエステル系重合体の水性エマルジョンを調製し、これを、メタクリル酸エステル、アクリル酸エステルおよびスチレン系単量体のうち少なくとも一種の乳化(共)重合を行う前に、重合系に添加するいわゆるシード重合の手法で製造することもできる。なお、この乳化重合における開始剤としては、特に制限はないが、例えば過酸化水素,クメンヒドロパーオキシド,t−ブチルヒドロパーオキシド,過硫酸塩(カリウム,ナトリウムあるいはアンモニウム塩),過酢酸t−ブチル,過安息香酸t−ブチル等の酸化性物質が単独あるいはロンガリットやl(エル)−アスコルビン酸等の還元性物質などとのレドックス開始剤系で好ましく用いられる。
【0021】
本発明の二段重合法では、乳化剤からなる分散剤(必要に応じてPVAを併用)の存在下で、第一段階および第二段階の乳化重合を行うことが必要である。なお、ここで使用する乳化剤およびPVAは、本発明の水性エマルジョンの欄において説明したものが使用される。分散剤の使用量(乳化剤とPVAの合計量)は、特に制限はないが、第一段階の重合体(A)と第二段階の共重合体(B)の合計量に対して0.2〜50重量%、好ましくは1〜10重量%の範囲である。この分散剤は、第一段階と第二段階に分けて用いられる。第一段階と第二段階に用いられる分散剤の比率は、特に制限されるものではないが、通常、10:90〜99:1の割合で分割される。第一段階の分散剤の割合が10重量%より少ない場合、あるいは、第二段階の分散剤の割合が1重量%より少ない場合には、第一段階および第二段階での重合安定性が低下するため好ましくない。また、第一段階における分散剤の添加方法は、初期仕込み時に全量を加えてもよく、また一部を重合系に連続的あるいは間欠的に加えてもよい。また、第二段階における分散剤の添加方法は、重合系に連続的あるいは間欠的に添加する方法が好ましい。第二段階の初期に分散剤を一括で添加する場合には、重合安定性が低下したり、本発明の目的である二層構造エマルジョンを得ることが難しくなる。
【0022】
本発明の水性エマルジョンの製造方法において、第二段階のメタクリル酸エステル、アクリル酸エステルおよびスチレン系単量体のうちの少なくとも一種の単量体の乳化重合は、連鎖移動剤の存在下で行うことが必要である。連鎖移動剤としては、連鎖移動が起こるものであれば特に制限はないが、連鎖移動の効率の点でメルカプト基を有する化合物が好ましい。メルカプト基を有する化合物としては、n−オクチルメルカプタン、n−ドデシルメルカプタン、t−ドデシルメルカプタン等のアルキルメルカプタン、2−メルカプトエタノール、3−メルカプトプロピオン酸等が挙げられる。連鎖移動剤の添加量は、連鎖移動剤の効率にもよるが、通常、第二段階において用いられる単量体100重量部に対して、0.001〜5重量部が好ましい。連鎖移動剤が0.001重量部より少ない場合には重合安定性が低下し、5重量部を越える場合には第二段階で生成する重合体(B)の分子量が低下し、塗膜強度等に影響を及ぼすため好ましくない。連鎖移動剤の重合系への添加方法は特に制限はなく、第二段階の初期に一括して添加する方法や、連続的あるいは間欠的に逐次添加する方法等が選択できる。
【0023】
本発明の二段重合法の第一段階で用いるビニルエステル系モノマーは、ビニルエステル系重合体(A)の原料となるものであり、その種類については、このビニルエステル系重合体(A)の種類に対応したものとすればよい。また、第二段階で用いるメタクリル酸エステル、アクリル酸エステルおよびスチレン系単量体についても、重合体(B)の原料となるものであり、その種類や使用割合については、重合体(B)の種類や組成に対応したものとすればよい。さらに、第一段階で製造すべきビニルエステル系重合体(A)と第二段階で製造すべき重合体(B)の重量比率についても、本発明の水性エマルジョンにおける重合体(A)と重合体(B)との重量比率に対応するように選定すればよい。
【0024】
本発明において水性エマルジョンは、難燃性塗料用のバインダーとして好適に用いることができるが、その他、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の疎水性被着体用接着剤、粘着剤、難燃性を要求されない一般の塗料用バインダー、不織布等の繊維バインダー、モルタル混和剤等にも使用することができる。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下、実施例および比較例を挙げて本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。尚、実施例および比較例中、「部」および「%」は特に断りのない限り重量基準を示すものとする。
実施例1
(1)第一段階
攪拌機,窒素導入管,各種薬剤注入ポンプが具備されたオートクレーブに、平均重合度550,けん化度88モル%の部分けん化PVA(PVA−1)2部をイオン交換水65部で加熱溶解した後、非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール200、三洋化成製)1部を添加した。それに酢酸ビニル45部を添加し、窒素置換後、エチレンを30kg/cm2まで加圧し、60℃まで昇温した。1%過酸化水素水溶液とロンガリット水溶液を連続的に添加し重合を開始した。2時間後、残存酢酸ビニル濃度が3%に低下した時点で第一段階(エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合エマルジョン)を終了した。
(2)第二段階
次いで、メチルメタクリレート(MMA)/2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート(2−EHA)=10/90(重量比)の混合モノマー50部にn−ドデシルメルカプタンを0.1部を添加し、それを2時間かけて連続的に添加した。この間、1%過酸化水素水溶液とロンガリット水溶液を連続的に添加した。
なお、重合中に、非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール200、三洋化成製)の10%水溶液20部を2時間かけて添加した。
得られた水性エマルジョンの固形分濃度は52.5%、粘度は1100mPa・s(ミリパスカル秒)であった。
【0026】
(3)難燃性塗料性能
次に上記水性エマルジョンを用いて、以下の条件により塗料を作成し試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
〔塗料配合〕
水性エマルジョンに炭酸カルシウム(ホワイトンP−30、東洋ファインケミカル製)を固形分比率で40/60に混合し、水を加えて固形分濃度65%の塗料を作成した。
〔塗膜の作成〕クラフト紙に塗布量500g/m2で上記塗料を刷毛塗りし、20℃,65%RH下で3日間乾燥させて塗膜を得た。
〔試験方法〕
・塗膜状態:塗膜表面の状態を目視観察すると共に、手で折曲げた状態を観察した。評価は3段階で行った。
A:折曲げてもヒビ、剥離等がなく良好
B:折曲げると塗膜にひびが入る
C:折曲げると、塗膜が剥離する
・塗膜耐水性:塗膜を20℃水に24時間浸漬後、表面を指で擦った時の状態を観察した。評価は3段階で行った。
A:再乳化なし良好
B:わずかに再乳化する
C:再乳化し塗膜が崩壊する
・塗膜難燃性:アルコールランプの炎から1cmの所に塗膜表面を近づけた場合の、塗膜状態を観察した。評価は3段階で行った。
A:1分以上着火せず、着火しても炎が消えやすい
B:1分以上着火しないが、着火すると激しく燃える
C:1分未満に着火し、激しく燃える
【0027】
実施例2
(1)第一段階
実施例1で用いたオートクレーブに、実施例1と同じ(PVA−1)0.5部をイオン交換水75部に溶解し、それにアニオン性乳化剤(サンデットBL、三洋化成製)0.1部と非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール400、三洋化成性)2部を添加した。酢酸ビニルを8部とVeoVaー10(シェル製)2.8を添加し、窒素置換後、60℃,30kg/cm2のエチレン加圧下、過硫酸カリウムとロンガリット水溶液を添加し、重合を開始した。次いで、酢酸ビニルを32部とVeoVaー10を11.2部を混合したものを3時間かけて連続添加し、重合系のモノマー濃度が1%になるまで重合した。
(2)第二段階
次いで、スチレン(St)4部、n−ブチルアクリレート(BA)35部、アクリル酸(AA)1部の混合モノマーにt−ドデシルメルカプタン0.1部を添加したものを2時間かけて連続添加し、重合した。なお、アニオン性乳化剤(サンデットBL)0.2部と非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール400)を10部のイオン交換水に溶解したものを重合中に添加した。得られた水性エマルジョンの固形分濃度は52.0%、粘度は450mPa・sであった。
得られた水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様に塗料を作成し、性能を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
【0028】
実施例3
実施例2の第一段階において、(PVA−1)を用いない以外は、実施例2と同様にして水性エマルジョンを得た。得られた水性エマルジョンの固形分濃度は51.6%、粘度は250mPa・sであった。
得られた水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様に塗料を作成し、性能を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
比較例1
実施例1の第一段階において、(PVA−1)4部を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、水性エマルジョンを得た。得られた水性エマルジョンの固形分濃度は52.7%、粘度は4800mPa・sであった。得られた水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様に塗料を作成し、性能を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
【0030】
比較例2
還流冷却器、滴下ロート、温度計、窒素吹込口、撹拌機を備えたガラス製容器に、(PVA−1)2部と非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール200、三洋化成製)3部をイオン交換水90部に完全溶解させた。窒素置換後、メチルメタクリレート(MMA)/2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート(2−EHA)=10/90(重量比)の混合モノマー10部とn−ドデシルメルカプタン0.02部を添加し、70℃に昇温し、1%過硫酸カリウム5部を添加して重合を開始した。その後、メチルメタクリレート(MMA)/2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート(2−EHA)=10/90(重量比)の混合モノマー90部にn−ドデシルメルカプタンを0.18部を添加したものを、2時間かけて連続的に添加した。得られた水性エマルジョンは、固形分濃度52.2%、粘度430mPa.sであった。
得られた水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様に塗料を作成し、性能を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
【0031】
比較例3
攪拌機,窒素導入管,各種薬剤注入ポンプが具備されたオートクレーブに、(PVA−1)2部をイオン交換水65部で加熱溶解した後、非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール200、三洋化成製)1部を添加した。それに酢酸ビニル4.5部、メタクリル酸メチル0.5部、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル4.5部、n−ドデシルメルカプタン0.01部を添加し、窒素置換後、エチレンを30kg/cm2まで加圧し、60℃まで昇温した。1%過酸化水素水溶液とロンガリット水溶液を連続的に添加し重合を開始した。重合開始後、酢酸ビニル40.5部、メタクリル酸メチル4.5部、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル40.5部、n−ドデシルメルカプタン0.09部を2時間かけて連続的に添加した。また、重合中、非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール200、三洋化成製)20%水溶液10部を2時間かけて添加した。
得られた水性エマルジョンは、固形分濃度52.3%、粘度850mPa.sであった。
得られた水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様に塗料を作成し、性能を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
【0032】
比較例4
攪拌機,窒素導入管,各種薬剤注入ポンプが具備されたオートクレーブに、(PVA−1)2部をイオン交換水65部で加熱溶解した後、非イオン性乳化剤(ノニポール200、三洋化成製)3部を添加した。それに酢酸ビニル90部を添加し、窒素置換後、エチレンを30kg/cm2まで加圧し、60℃まで昇温した。1%過酸化水素水溶液とロンガリット水溶液を連続的に添加し重合を開始した。重合開始3時間後、残存酢酸ビニル濃度が0.9%となり重合を終了した。
得られた水性エマルジョンは、固形分濃度52.5%、粘度1000mPa.sであった。
得られた水性エマルジョンを用いて、実施例1と同様に塗料を作成し、性能を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
【0033】
【表1】
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によって得られる水性エマルジョンは、難燃性塗料用のバインダーをはじめとして、疎水性被着体用接着剤、粘着剤、難燃性を要求されない一般の塗料用バインダー、繊維バインダー、モルタル混和剤等の各種の用途に供される。特に難燃性塗料用バインダーとして用いた場合には、塗膜の難燃性および耐水性が飛躍的に向上したものが得られる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an aqueous emulsion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the technical progress of emulsion type water-based paints has been very remarkable. Emulsion-type water-based paints are mainly composed of a binder and a pigment, and further contain various additives for the purpose of improving the coating film performance of the paint. It is the binder that determines the performance of the coating, which is an important property of the paint, and various properties required for each application are realized. Therefore, improvement and enhancement of the functionality of the aqueous emulsion have been continued. In order to meet such a wide variety of required properties, an aqueous emulsion containing a polymer composed of an acrylic ester or methacrylic ester monomer (hereinafter abbreviated as an acrylic polymer) as a dispersoid has a film flexibility and various properties. Since it has a wide range of applications in terms of functional enhancement by introduction of functional groups, weather resistance, etc., it has become the mainstream as a coating binder.
[0003]
However, the acrylic polymer is easily burnable, and it is difficult to use the acrylic polymer alone as a binder for paints that require flame retardancy. Therefore, various flame-retarding techniques have been applied as binders for flame-retardant paints, for example, phosphoric esters, halogen-containing phosphoric esters, addition-type flame retardants such as halogen compounds and halogen-containing monomers. A reactive flame retardant such as copolymerization is generally used in combination. When introducing such a flame retardant into an acrylic polymer having a low flame retardancy, the target flame retardancy level requires the addition of a considerable amount of the flame retardant, which has an adverse effect on the coating film performance, There are cost problems and environmental problems when the flame retardant is a halide. On the other hand, when the dispersoid of the aqueous emulsion is a polymer composed of a vinyl acetate monomer, the flame retardancy is relatively higher than that of the acrylic polymer, but the water resistance, weather resistance and Tg are adjusted. However, there is a drawback that the functionalization by the introduction of various functional groups is inferior.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, is excellent in various coating film performances such as water resistance and flexibility of the coating film, and furthermore, an aqueous emulsion suitable as a binder for paints having good flame retardancy and an aqueous emulsion. It is an object of the present invention to provide a used flame-retardant paint.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have found the following invention, and have completed the present invention.
In the presence of a dispersing agent consisting of emulsifying agent and polyvinyl alcohol, manufactured vinyl ester polymer (A) by emulsion polymerization of a monomer containing vinyl acetate, methacrylic acid esters, acrylic acid esters and styrene thereafter at least one monomer of the monomer, production in the presence of a chain transfer agent, a polymer by emulsion polymerization of dispersing agent consisting of emulsifying agents continuously or intermittently added (B) The polymer (A) is mainly present in the central part of the dispersoid, the polymer (B) is mainly present in the peripheral part of the dispersoid, and the weight ratio between the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) is small. 9: 1 to 1: 9, and the weight ratio of the emulsifying agent and the polyvinyl alcohol is 5: 5-9: preparation of an aqueous emulsion is 1. The aqueous emulsion produced by the method of the present invention is useful as a flame retardant paint.
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the aqueous emulsion comprises the above-mentioned dispersoid and dispersant. Here, the dispersoid is one piece composed of a vinyl ester polymer (A) and a polymer (B) composed of at least one of a methacrylate ester unit, an acrylate ester unit and a styrene monomer unit. Is an aggregate of dispersoids.
[0007]
As the vinyl ester polymer (A), various ones can be mentioned. Generally, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl esters of tertiary carboxylic acids having 8 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, Shell Chemical Co., Ltd.) (Veova 10), vinyl stearate, and a (co) polymer mainly composed of vinyl ester units such as vinyl formate, vinyl valerate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, and vinyl benzoate. Among them, a (co) polymer mainly composed of vinyl acetate is preferred from the viewpoint of flame retardancy. These vinyl ester units also include those obtained by copolymerizing 30% by weight or less of copolymerizable monomer units such as ethylene and vinyl chloride and a small amount of monomer units having a functional group such as a carboxyl group or an amide group. It is.
[0008]
Next, the polymer (B) is a polymer comprising at least one of an acrylate unit, a methacrylate unit, and a styrene-based monomer unit. Examples of the acrylate units constituting the polymer (B) include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, i-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, i-butyl acrylate, and t-acrylate. -Butyl, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, and the like. Examples of the methacrylate unit include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, i-propyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid. n-butyl, i-butyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, and the like.Styrene-based monomer units include styrene, α-methylstyrene, P-methylstyrene sulfone And its sodium, potassium salts and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0009]
In addition, olefins such as ethylene, propylene and isobutene, halogenated olefins such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride and vinylidene fluoride, vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl versatate, vinyl pivalate, etc. Vinyl esters, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and its sodium salt acrylamide monomers, acrylonitrile, 30% by weight of nitriles such as methacrylonitrile, allyl compounds such as allyl acetate and allyl chloride, and polyfunctional unsaturated monomers such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and divinylbenzene. It is also possible to configure polymer (B) used in the following combination on the monomer as described above.
[0010]
In the present invention, the dispersoid of the aqueous emulsion is an aggregate of one dispersoid composed of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B), and the polymer (A) is mainly present at the center of the dispersoid, The polymer (B) has a two-layer structure mainly present in the periphery of the dispersoid. That is, the polymer (A) is mainly (specifically, 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, particularly preferably 90% by weight or more) in the center of the dispersoid, and the polymer (B) is mainly (Specifically, 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 90% by weight or more). The shapes of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B) constituting the dispersoid are not necessarily spherical, but can be various shapes. The weight ratio of the polymer (A) to the polymer (B) in the dispersoid is 9: 1 to 1: 9, preferably 8: 2 to 2: 8. When the weight ratio of the polymer (A) exceeds 90% by weight with respect to the total amount of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B), control of the flexibility of the paint film obtained using the aqueous emulsion. On the other hand, if it is less than 10% by weight, problems such as a decrease in the flame retardancy of the paint film occur.
[0011]
In the present invention, the emulsifying agent used in the dispersing agent, conventionally known anionic, cationic, surfactants nonionic or amphoteric are used, singly or in two are used together. The surfactants having different ionic properties are appropriately selected according to the purpose, and a copolymerizable surfactant having a double bond in the molecule can be used as necessary. As the PVA used for the dispersant, conventionally known ones are applied, for example, PVA having a saponification degree of 80 to 99 mol% and a polymerization degree of 200 to 8000, or a functional group introduced into a main chain, a side chain or a molecular terminal. So-called modified PVA is also suitable. In the dispersant consisting of emulsifying agents and PVA, their weight ratio 5: 5-9: 1. When the emulsifying agent is below 50% by weight relative to the total amount of the dispersant, on the polymerization stability decreases, it decreases the water resistance of the paint coating. Although there is no particular limitation on the amount of the dispersing agent (the total amount of emulsifying agent and PVA), 0.2 to relative (total weight of the polymer (A) and the polymer (B)) 100 parts by weight of the dispersoid It is preferably 50 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight.
[0012]
In the present invention, the average particle size of the dispersoid of the aqueous emulsion is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 2 μm, and more preferably 0.15 to 1.5 μm. The concentration of the dispersoid in the aqueous emulsion may be appropriately selected depending on various situations, but is preferably 40 to 65% by weight, more preferably 45 to 55% by weight.
[0013]
In the present invention, various aqueous emulsions can be added to the aqueous emulsion, if desired. Examples of such aqueous emulsions include vinyl acetate emulsion, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, polychloroprene emulsion, polybutadiene emulsion, styrene-butadiene copolymer emulsion, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer emulsion, butyl rubber emulsion, and polyacrylate emulsion. , Polyvinyl chloride emulsion, polyvinylidene chloride emulsion and the like.
[0014]
The flame-retardant paint of the present invention is prepared by blending various inorganic substances and pigments using the aqueous emulsion as a binder. The inorganic substance and the pigment are not particularly limited, and various natural pigments, synthetic inorganic pigments and synthetic organic pigments can be used. Specifically, coloring pigments (titanium white, iron yellow, ultramarine, cadmium yellow, red iron, chrome yellow, carbon black, cyanine pigment, azo pigment, triphenylmethane pigment, quinoline pigment, anthraquinone pigment, phthalocyanine Pigments), extender pigments (barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, silica, alumina, pearlite, silica sand, etc.), special pigments (rust preventive pigments, luminescent pigments, thermochromic pigments, etc.), fibrous or scaly special Examples thereof include inorganic pigments (eg, asbestos, rock wool, and mica). These pigments may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0015]
The amount of the pigment or inorganic compound is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40 to 400 parts by weight, more preferably 60 to 300 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the solid of the aqueous emulsion. If the amount of the pigment is less than 40 parts by weight, there is a problem that the flame retardancy and blistering of the coating film are reduced, while if it exceeds 400 parts by weight, the film forming property of the coating film is reduced, and the flexibility and elasticity are reduced. May lose.
[0016]
Various flame retardants can be added to the flame retardant paint of the present invention. For example, as the flame retardant, phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate, cresyl phenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, diphenyl octyl phosphate, and tributyl phosphate, tris (β-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (dichloropropyl) phosphate, tris ( Halogenated phosphates such as 2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate and tris (bromochloropropyl) phosphate; halogenated compounds such as chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polyphenyl, and brominated polyphenyl; Examples of the flame retardant aid include antimony trioxide, potassium antimony tartrate, and triphenylstyrene.
[0017]
In the flame-retardant paint of the present invention, within the range not impairing the object of the present invention, various additive components used when preparing a normal aqueous emulsion paint as desired, for example, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, PVA, poly Thickeners such as acrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, condensed phosphates such as tripolyphosphate and hexametaphosphate, surfactants such as anionic, nonionic and cationic, styrene-maleic anhydride half ester Dispersants such as salt copolymers, diisobutylene-maleic anhydride half-ester salt copolymers, and furthermore, defoaming agents, deodorants, preservatives, film-forming aids, antioxidants, antifreeze agents, etc. Can be added.
[0018]
The paint of the present invention is applied by a general method using a roll, a trowel, a brush, a spray gun, or the like. And, it can be suitably used for various surfaces such as a wall surface, a floor surface, and a ceiling surface made of cloth, paper, wood, plywood, concrete, mortar, ALC plate, flexible plate, metal plate and the like. At this time, for the purpose of improving the adhesion to the base, waterproofness, weather resistance, aesthetics, and the like, a base treating agent, a topcoating agent, and the like can be used.
[0019]
In producing the aqueous emulsion of the present invention, it is conceivable various methods, among them efficiently, yet how high quality aqueous emulsion can be produced in the presence of a dispersing agent consisting of emulsifying agent and PVA, acetate A first step of producing a vinyl ester polymer (A) by emulsion polymerization of a monomer containing vinyl, and thereafter a monomer of at least one of methacrylic acid ester, acrylic acid ester and styrene monomer the body in the presence of a chain transfer agent, the second stage and two-stage polymerization method comprising a for producing the polymer (B) by emulsion polymerization of dispersing agent consisting of emulsifying agents continuously or intermittently added preferable.
[0020]
In the first stage, it is desirable to substantially complete the polymerization of the vinyl ester-based monomer, but the polymerization may proceed to the second stage at a polymerization conversion of about 70%. In both the first step and the second step, it is not always necessary to carry out polymerization in the same polymerization reactor, but an aqueous emulsion of a vinyl ester polymer is separately prepared in advance, and this is used as a methacrylic acid ester, an acrylic acid ester and a styrene type. Before performing at least one kind of emulsion (co) polymerization of the monomers, it can be produced by a so-called seed polymerization technique which is added to a polymerization system. The initiator used in the emulsion polymerization is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, hydrogen peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, persulfate (potassium, sodium or ammonium salt), or t-peracetic acid. Oxidizing substances such as butyl and t-butyl perbenzoate are preferably used alone or in a redox initiator system with a reducing substance such as Rongalit or l-ascorbic acid.
[0021]
In the two-step polymerization process of the present invention, in the presence of a dispersing agent consisting of emulsifying agent (a combination of PVA as necessary), it is necessary to carry out the emulsion polymerization of the first and second stages. Here, emulsifying agent used and PVA are those described in the column of an aqueous emulsion of the present invention is used. The amount of the dispersing agent (the total amount of emulsifying agent and PVA) is not particularly limited, 0 relative to the total weight of the copolymer of the polymer of the first stage (A) and second step (B). It is in the range of 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight. This dispersant is used in a first step and a second step. The ratio of the dispersant used in the first stage and the second stage is not particularly limited, but is usually divided at a ratio of 10:90 to 99: 1. If the proportion of the first-stage dispersant is less than 10% by weight, or if the proportion of the second-stage dispersant is less than 1% by weight, the polymerization stability in the first and second stages is reduced. Is not preferred. In addition, the method of adding the dispersant in the first stage may be that the whole amount is added at the time of initial preparation, or that a part thereof is added to the polymerization system continuously or intermittently. The method of adding the dispersant in the second stage is preferably a method of adding the dispersant to the polymerization system continuously or intermittently. If the dispersant is added all at once in the early stage of the second step, the polymerization stability will be reduced and it will be difficult to obtain the two-layer emulsion which is the object of the present invention.
[0022]
In the method for producing an aqueous emulsion of the present invention, the emulsion polymerization of at least one monomer of the methacrylic acid ester, the acrylic acid ester and the styrene monomer in the second step is performed in the presence of a chain transfer agent. is necessary. The chain transfer agent is not particularly limited as long as the chain transfer occurs, but a compound having a mercapto group is preferable from the viewpoint of chain transfer efficiency. Examples of the compound having a mercapto group include alkyl mercaptans such as n-octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan, 2-mercaptoethanol, and 3-mercaptopropionic acid. The amount of the chain transfer agent depends on the efficiency of the chain transfer agent, but is usually preferably 0.001 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer used in the second step. When the amount of the chain transfer agent is less than 0.001 part by weight, the polymerization stability decreases, and when the amount exceeds 5 parts by weight, the molecular weight of the polymer (B) formed in the second step decreases, and the coating film strength and the like are reduced. Is not preferred because it affects the The method of adding the chain transfer agent to the polymerization system is not particularly limited, and a method of adding the chain transfer agent at once in the early stage of the second step, a method of adding the chain transfer agent continuously or intermittently, and the like can be selected.
[0023]
The vinyl ester-based monomer used in the first step of the two-stage polymerization method of the present invention is a raw material of the vinyl ester-based polymer (A). What is necessary is just to correspond to a kind. The methacrylic acid ester, acrylic acid ester, and styrene monomer used in the second step are also raw materials for the polymer (B), and the types and usage ratios of the polymer (B) What is necessary is just to correspond to a kind and composition. Further, regarding the weight ratio of the vinyl ester polymer (A) to be produced in the first step and the polymer (B) to be produced in the second step, the polymer (A) and the polymer in the aqueous emulsion of the present invention were also determined. What is necessary is just to select so that it may correspond to the weight ratio with (B).
[0024]
In the present invention, the aqueous emulsion can be suitably used as a binder for a flame-retardant paint, but in addition, an adhesive for a hydrophobic adherend such as polyethylene and polypropylene, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a general flame retardant is not required. It can also be used as a paint binder, a fiber binder such as a nonwoven fabric, a mortar admixture, and the like.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In the examples and comparative examples, “parts” and “%” are based on weight unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
(1) First part: 2 parts of partially saponified PVA (PVA-1) having an average degree of polymerization of 550 and a degree of saponification of 88 mol% were put into 65 parts of ion-exchanged water in an autoclave equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen inlet tube and various chemical injection pumps. , And 1 part of a nonionic emulsifier (Nonipol 200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries) was added. 45 parts of vinyl acetate was added thereto, and after purging with nitrogen, ethylene was pressurized to 30 kg / cm 2 and heated to 60 ° C. A 1% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and a Rongalit aqueous solution were continuously added to initiate polymerization. Two hours later, when the residual vinyl acetate concentration dropped to 3%, the first step (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion) was completed.
(2) Second step Next, 0.1 part of n-dodecyl mercaptan was added to 50 parts of a mixed monomer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) / 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) = 10/90 (weight ratio), It was added continuously over 2 hours. During this time, a 1% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and a Rongalit aqueous solution were continuously added.
During the polymerization, 20 parts of a 10% aqueous solution of a nonionic emulsifier (Nonipol 200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries) was added over 2 hours.
The solid concentration of the obtained aqueous emulsion was 52.5%, and the viscosity was 1100 mPa · s (millipascal second).
[0026]
(3) Flame retardant paint performance Next, a paint was prepared using the aqueous emulsion under the following conditions and tested. Table 1 shows the results.
(Paint composition)
Calcium carbonate (Whiteton P-30, manufactured by Toyo Fine Chemical) was mixed at a solid content ratio of 40/60 with the aqueous emulsion, and water was added to prepare a paint having a solid content of 65%.
[Formation of Coating Film] The above coating material was brush-coated on kraft paper at an application amount of 500 g / m 2 and dried at 20 ° C. and 65% RH for 3 days to obtain a coating film.
〔Test method〕
-Coating film state: The state of the coating film surface was visually observed, and the state of being bent by hand was observed. The evaluation was performed in three stages.
A: good without cracking, peeling, etc. even when bent B: cracks in the coating when bent C: peels when coated; water resistance: 24 hours in 20 ° C. water After immersion, the state when the surface was rubbed with a finger was observed. The evaluation was performed in three stages.
A: good without re-emulsification B: slightly re-emulsified C: re-emulsified and the coating disintegrated • Flame resistance of the coating: coating when the coating surface was brought to 1 cm from the flame of the alcohol lamp The condition was observed. The evaluation was performed in three stages.
A: Does not ignite for more than 1 minute, flame easily extinguishes when ignited B: Does not ignite for more than 1 minute, burns violently when ignited C: Fires less than 1 minute, burns violently
Example 2
(1) First Step In the autoclave used in Example 1, 0.5 part (PVA-1) same as that in Example 1 was dissolved in 75 parts of ion-exchanged water, and an anionic emulsifier (Sundet BL, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added thereto. ) 0.1 part and 2 parts of a nonionic emulsifier (Nonipol 400, Sanyo Chemical). 8 parts of vinyl acetate and 2.8 of VeoVa-10 (manufactured by Shell) were added, and after purging with nitrogen, potassium persulfate and an aqueous solution of Rongalite were added at 60 ° C. under a pressure of 30 kg / cm 2 of ethylene to initiate polymerization. . Next, a mixture of 32 parts of vinyl acetate and 11.2 parts of VeoVa-10 was continuously added over 3 hours, and polymerized until the monomer concentration of the polymerization system became 1%.
(2) Second stage Next, a mixture of 0.1 part of t-dodecyl mercaptan added to a monomer mixture of 4 parts of styrene (St), 35 parts of n-butyl acrylate (BA), and 1 part of acrylic acid (AA) was added. It was added continuously over time and polymerized. In addition, what melt | dissolved 0.2 part of anionic emulsifiers (Sundet BL) and 10 parts of nonionic emulsifiers (Nonipol 400) in ion-exchange water was added during superposition | polymerization. The solid concentration of the obtained aqueous emulsion was 52.0%, and the viscosity was 450 mPa · s.
Using the obtained aqueous emulsion, a paint was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
[0028]
Example 3
In the first stage of Example 2, an aqueous emulsion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that (PVA-1) was not used. The solid concentration of the obtained aqueous emulsion was 51.6%, and the viscosity was 250 mPa · s.
Using the obtained aqueous emulsion, a paint was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
[0029]
Comparative Example 1
In the first stage of Example 1, an aqueous emulsion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4 parts of (PVA-1) was used. The solid concentration of the obtained aqueous emulsion was 52.7%, and the viscosity was 4,800 mPa · s. Using the obtained aqueous emulsion, a paint was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
[0030]
Comparative Example 2
In a glass container equipped with a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet, and a stirrer, 2 parts of (PVA-1) and 3 parts of a nonionic emulsifier (Nonipol 200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical) were ion-exchanged with water. It was completely dissolved in 90 parts. After replacement with nitrogen, 10 parts of a mixed monomer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) / 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) = 10/90 (weight ratio) and 0.02 part of n-dodecyl mercaptan were added, and the temperature was raised to 70 ° C. Then, 5 parts of 1% potassium persulfate was added to initiate polymerization. Thereafter, 0.18 part of n-dodecyl mercaptan was added to 90 parts of a mixed monomer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) / 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) = 10/90 (weight ratio) over 2 hours. It was added continuously. The obtained aqueous emulsion had a solid content of 52.2% and a viscosity of 430 mPa.s. s.
Using the obtained aqueous emulsion, a paint was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
[0031]
Comparative Example 3
2 parts of (PVA-1) was heated and dissolved in 65 parts of ion-exchanged water in an autoclave equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen inlet tube, and various kinds of chemical injection pumps, and then 1 part of a nonionic emulsifier (Nonipol 200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical) Was added. 4.5 parts of vinyl acetate, 0.5 parts of methyl methacrylate, 4.5 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and 0.01 part of n-dodecyl mercaptan were added thereto. After purging with nitrogen, ethylene was added to 30 kg / cm 2. And heated to 60 ° C. A 1% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and a Rongalit aqueous solution were continuously added to initiate polymerization. After the initiation of the polymerization, 40.5 parts of vinyl acetate, 4.5 parts of methyl methacrylate, 40.5 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and 0.09 part of n-dodecyl mercaptan were continuously added over 2 hours. During the polymerization, 10 parts of a 20% aqueous solution of a nonionic emulsifier (Nonipol 200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries) was added over 2 hours.
The obtained aqueous emulsion had a solid content of 52.3% and a viscosity of 850 mPa.s. s.
Using the obtained aqueous emulsion, a paint was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
[0032]
Comparative Example 4
2 parts of (PVA-1) was heated and dissolved in 65 parts of ion-exchanged water in an autoclave equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen inlet tube, and various kinds of chemical injection pumps, and then 3 parts of a nonionic emulsifier (Nonipol 200, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical) Was added. 90 parts of vinyl acetate was added thereto, and after purging with nitrogen, ethylene was pressurized to 30 kg / cm 2 and heated to 60 ° C. A 1% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and a Rongalit aqueous solution were continuously added to initiate polymerization. Three hours after the start of the polymerization, the residual vinyl acetate concentration became 0.9%, and the polymerization was terminated.
The obtained aqueous emulsion had a solid content of 52.5% and a viscosity of 1000 mPa.s. s.
Using the obtained aqueous emulsion, a paint was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the performance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
[0033]
[Table 1]
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The aqueous emulsion obtained by the method of the present invention includes a binder for a flame-retardant paint, an adhesive for a hydrophobic adherend, an adhesive, a binder for a general paint which does not require flame retardancy, a fiber binder, and a mortar. Used for various applications such as admixtures. In particular, when used as a binder for a flame-retardant paint, a paint film having significantly improved flame retardancy and water resistance can be obtained.
Claims (2)
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JP17481895A JP3590457B2 (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1995-07-11 | Method for producing aqueous emulsion |
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JP17481895A JP3590457B2 (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1995-07-11 | Method for producing aqueous emulsion |
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JP3590457B2 true JP3590457B2 (en) | 2004-11-17 |
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JP4128287B2 (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 2008-07-30 | 株式会社クラレ | Emulsion composition for flame retardant foam sheet and flame retardant foam sheet |
JP4849753B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2012-01-11 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | Method for producing acrylic emulsion |
JP5382976B2 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2014-01-08 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | Aqueous emulsion and its use |
CN101313028B (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2010-12-08 | 日本合成化学工业株式会社 | Re-emulsifiable resin powder, aqueous emulsion and adhesive composition using same |
KR100830909B1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-05-22 | (주)영우켐텍 | Acrylic acid ester copolymer composition and redispersible powder |
JP5566011B2 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2014-08-06 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | Aqueous synthetic resin emulsion, re-emulsifiable emulsion powder, and adhesive composition using the same |
JP5524119B2 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-06-18 | 大日本塗料株式会社 | Adhesive composition and method for producing the same |
JP2013241584A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-12-05 | Dainippon Toryo Co Ltd | Flame-retardant aqueous coating composition, and flame-retardant coating film and building board using the same |
CN103265659B (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-02-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Polyvinyl acetate/polystyrene composite emulsion with high covering power polyvinyl and preparation method thereof |
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