JP3574865B2 - Substrate assembly method and apparatus - Google Patents

Substrate assembly method and apparatus Download PDF

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JP3574865B2
JP3574865B2 JP31689699A JP31689699A JP3574865B2 JP 3574865 B2 JP3574865 B2 JP 3574865B2 JP 31689699 A JP31689699 A JP 31689699A JP 31689699 A JP31689699 A JP 31689699A JP 3574865 B2 JP3574865 B2 JP 3574865B2
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substrate
substrates
adhesive sheet
vacuum
bonded
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JP2001133745A (en
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聡 八幡
潔 今泉
正行 齊藤
明 平井
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株式会社 日立インダストリイズ
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、真空チャンバ内で貼り合せる基板同士をそれぞれ保持して対向させ真空中で間隔を狭めて貼り合わせる基板の組立方法とその装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液晶表示パネルの製造には、透明電極や薄膜トランジスタアレイなどを設けた2枚のガラス基板を数μm程度の極めて接近した間隔をもって接着剤(以下、シール剤ともいう)で貼り合わせ(以後、貼り合せ後の基板をセルと呼ぶ)、それによって形成される空間に液晶を封止する工程がある。
【0003】
この液晶の封止には、注入口を設けないようにシール剤をクローズしたパターンに描画した一方の基板上に液晶を滴下しておいて他方の基板を一方の基板上に配置し、真空中で上下の基板を接近させて貼り合せる特開昭62−165622号公報で提案された方法や、一方の基板上に注入口を設けるようにシール剤をパターン描画して真空中で基板を貼り合わせた後に液晶を注入口から注入する特開平10−26763号公報で提案された方法などがある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来技術では、シール剤のパターン描画の前後に係わらず、いずれも両基板を真空中で貼り合わせているが、真空中では大気状態時のように基板を大気との圧力差で吸引吸着することができない。
【0005】
そこで、上側に位置する基板(以下、上基板と呼ぶ。)の端部を機械的に保持すると、基板の中央部がたわみ、そのたわみは最近の基板大型化,薄板化傾向が強まるにつれて大きくなっている。
【0006】
貼り合わせをする前に、上下両基板の周縁部(端部)に設けた位置合わせマークを利用して光学的に位置決めを行うが、たわみが大きくなる程両基板の端部同士の間隔が拡がり、位置合わせマークに焦点を合せ難くなって正確な位置合わせが困難となる。
【0007】
また、貼り合わせをする時には、上基板のたわんでいる中央部が周縁部よりも先に下側の基板(以下、下基板と呼ぶ。)に接触するので、基板間隔を一定にする為に基板間に散布されているスペーサが動き、基板上に形成されている配向膜などを傷つけてしまう。
【0008】
また、貼り合せる上下の基板を同一サイズとし、シール剤を基板の周縁部ぎりぎりの位置に設ける傾向にあり、このような場合には上基板の保持代がほとんど取れないという問題もある。
【0009】
それゆえ、本発明の目的は、基板サイズが大型化,薄板化しても真空中で高精度に貼り合せることが可能な基板の組立方法とその装置を提供することにある。
【0010】
また、本発明の他の目的は、基板周縁部際に接着剤が設けられるものでも容易に上基板を保持でき,しかも配向膜などを傷つけることなく貼り合せることが可能な基板の組立方法とその装置を提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前記目的を達成するため、貼り合わせる一方の基板を貼り合わせる他方の基板上に保持して対向させ、いづれかの基板に設けた接着剤により真空中で貼り合わせる基板の組立方法において、一方の基板を粘着シートの下面にその粘着力で加圧板下方に保持させ、他方の基板はテーブル上に保持し、前記粘着シートには一方の基板の主面と平行な方向の引っ張り力を掛けて両基板をほぼ平行に維持し、真空中で前記加圧板とテーブルの間隔を狭めることで粘着シートを介して両基板の貼り合わせを行うことを第1の特徴とし、この基板の組立方法において、チャックで粘着シートの端部を把持し、水平に移動することで粘着シートに一方の基板の主面と平行な方向の引っ張り力を掛け、両基板の貼り合わせ後にカッタで粘着シートを幅方向に切断することを第2の特徴とする。
更に本発明は、真空チャンバ内の上方に一方の基板を保持する加圧板と、真空チャンバ内の下方に貼り合わせる他方の基板を保持するテーブルとを設け、前記一方の基板の位置を合わせ、いづれか一方の基板に設けた接着剤により真空中で両基板の間隔を狭めて基板同士を貼り合わせる基板の組立装置において、前記粘着シートには一方の基板の主面と平行な方向の引っ張り力を掛けて両基板をほぼ平行に維持してから前記他方の基板上に位置合わせし、前記真空チェンバ内を真空排気し、前記加圧板と前記テーブル間を狭めることで前記粘着シートに保持された一方の基板とテーブル上の基板を貼り合わせを行うことを第3の特徴とする。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施形態を図に基づいて説明する。
図1,図2において、本発明になる基板組立装置1は、下チャンバ部T1と上チャンバ部T2から構成され、下チャンバ部T1の下には、XYθ駆動機構(図示を省略した)が備えられている。このXY駆動機構により、下チャンバ部T1は、図面上で左右のX軸方向と、X軸と直交するY軸方向に往来できるようになっている。また、θ駆動機構により、シャフト2から真空シール3を介して下基板1aを搭載するテーブル4を下チャンバユニット5に対して水平に回動可能としている。尚、下基板1aは、テーブル4上に搭載されると、機械的にピンやローラ等で位置決め固定される構造及び吸引吸着される構造になっているが、簡略化のためそれらの構造の図示は省略している。
【0013】
上チャンバ部T2では、上チャンバユニット6とその内部の加圧板7がそれぞれ独立して上下動できる構造になっている。即ち、上チャンバユニット6は、リニアブッシュと真空シールを内蔵したハウジング8を有しており、シャフト9をガイドとしてフレーム10に固定されたシリンダ11により上下のZ軸方向に移動する。
【0014】
XYθ駆動機構上の下チャンバ部T1が上チャンバ部T2の直下に移動して上チャンバユニット6が下降すると、下チャンバユニット5の周りに配置してあるOリング12に上チャンバユニット6のフランジが接触し一体となり、真空チャンバとして機能する状態になる。ここで、下チャンバユニット5の周囲に設置されたボールベアリング13は、真空によるOリング12のつぶれ量を調整するもので、上下方向の任意の位置に設定可能となっている。Oリング12のつぶれ量は、真空チャンバ内を真空に保つことができ、かつ、最大の弾性が得られる位置に設定する。真空により発生する大きな力は、ボールベアリング13を介して下チャンバユニット5で受けており、後述する上下基板の貼り合わせ時に下チャンバ部T1をOリング12の弾性範囲内で容易に微動させ精密位置決することができる。
【0015】
ハウジング8は、上チャンバユニット6が下チャンバユニット5と真空チャンバを形成して大気圧で変形しても、シャフト9に対し真空漏れを起こさないで上下動可能な真空シールを内蔵しているので、真空チャンバの変形がシャフト9に与える力を吸収することができ、シャフト9に支持された加圧板7の変形がほぼ防止でき、粘着シート18に貼り付けられた上基板1bとテーブル4に保持された下基板1aとの平行を保って貼り合せが可能となる。尚、加圧板7の上下動はシャフト9の上部に設置された図示を省略した駆動機構で行う。
【0016】
14は上チャンバユニット6の側面に配置された真空配管で、図示していない真空バルブと配管ホースで真空源に接続され、これらは真空チャンバ内を減圧し真空にする時に使用される。15はガスパージバルブとチューブで、窒素ガス
(N2)やクリーンドライエアー等の圧力源に接続され、これらは真空チャンバを大気圧に戻す時に使用される。
【0017】
次に、上基板1bを保持する粘着シート18の駆動機構について説明する。
上チャンバユニット6内の17はスピンドルで、ロール状に巻き付けた粘着シート18を送り出し方向に駆動回転,自由回転,送り出し方向と逆トルクがかかった状態での送り出し方向への回転及び回転固定が可能になっている。
【0018】
粘着シート18は、回転自由のローラ19を介して反対側の回転自由のローラ20に向かい、ローラ20と相対的に位置固定し配置されたスピンドル21で巻き取り可能となっている。スピンドル21は、粘着シート18を巻き取り方向に駆動回転が可能で、かつ、巻き取り方向にトルクがかかった状態での逆回転と回転固定が可能になっている。また、ローラ20と相対的に位置固定された巻き取り用のスピンドル21は、粘着シート18を巻き取り方向に駆動回転しながらスピンドル17の方向に水平駆動可能になっている。尚、粘着シート18の粘着面は下側になるように巻き取られているので、上基板1bが粘着シート18に貼り付くと下基板1aと対向するようになる。
【0019】
スピンドル17の上記回転動作は、図2に示しているように、モータ24により行う。スピンドル21の上記回転動作は、モータ25により行い、上記水平動作は、モータ25が固定されたボールナット28が、モータ27の駆動によりボールねじ26が回転し移動することで実現する。尚、ボールナット28の水平動作用ガイドは、図示を省略した。29、30は、ボールねじ26のサポート軸受で、サポート軸受29は上チャンバユニット6に固定され、サポート軸受30はモータ24及びローラ19のシャフトとともにブラケット31に固定され、ブラケット31は、上チャンバユニット6に固定される構造となっている。
【0020】
22a、22bは画像認識カメラで、上下各基板1a,1bに設けられている位置合わせマークを読み取るために設置される。23a、23bは、透明な覗き窓で、上チャンバユニット6に設けられた穴6a、6bの真空遮断を行う。
【0021】
7a、7bは基板の位置合わせマークを見るため、加圧板7に設けた小径の穴である。ここで、粘着シート18の幅は、粘着シート18が画像認識カメラ22a、22bの視野を塞がないよう、図2に示すように、通常基板の対角位置にある位置合わせマーク24a、24bのY方向の距離より僅かに小さくしておくと良い。
【0022】
次に、図3乃至図5で本基板組立装置1で基板を貼り合わせる工程について説明する。
図3(a)は上基板1bが保持される前の上チャンバ部T2の初期状態を示しており、スピンドル21は粘着シート18を広げた状態で図の右側に移動させてあり、加圧板7は上方に待機している。
【0023】
図3(b)は加圧板7を下降させ粘着シート18に接触させた後、更にやや下降させた状態を示している。この時、スピンドル17と21に巻き取られている粘着シート18が両方から送り出されるが、粘着シート18はスピンドル17,21を回転駆動させるそれぞれのモータでトルク制御を行い、常に引っ張り力がかかった状態にする。引っ張り力は上基板1bの重量で決定し、図3(c)に示すように,上基板1bを貼り付け保持させても加圧板7との間に隙間が殆どできない量に設定する。
【0024】
このように上基板1bを粘着シート18に貼り付け保持した後、図4に示すように、上基板1bと下基板1aの貼り合わせを行なう。
【0025】
先ず、図4(a)に示すように、下基板1aをテーブル4上に搭載した下チャンバ部T1を上チャンバ部T2の真下に移動させ、図4(b)に示すように、シリンダ11により上チャンバユニット6を下降させ、下チャンバユニット5の周りに配置してあるOリング12に上チャンバユニット6のフランジを接触させ上下チャンバ部T1,T2を一体にしてから真空配管14から真空排気を行う。
【0026】
尚、下基板1aはテーブル4上に位置決め固定されており、下基板1a上の外周には、シール剤がクローズしたパターンで描画されており、その内側には適量の液晶が滴下されている。
【0027】
さて、上チャンバユニット6と下チャンバユニット5が一体になってできた真空チャンバ内が所定の真空度に達したら、図4(c)に示すように、上下両基板1a,1bの位置合わせを行いながらシャフト9上の図示していない上下駆動機構を動作させ,加圧板7を下降させ、所定の加圧力で上下両基板1a,1bの間隔を狭めて所望間隔で貼り合わせる。
【0028】
この時も加圧板7が降下するにつれスピンドル17と21に巻き取られている粘着シート18が両方から送り出されるが、上記したように粘着シート18は常に適切な引っ張り力が掛かった状態なので、粘着シート18が伸びたり切れたりしない。また、この引っ張り力により上基板1bは粘着シート18を介して加圧板7にほぼ密着していて上基板1bの中央部が極端に垂れ下がっていることはなく、上下両基板1a,1bはほぼ平行であるから、上基板1bの中央部が基板1a上に散布されたスペーサに悪影響を与えたり、基板同士の位置合わせが不可能になることはない。
【0029】
因みに、基板同士の位置合わせは、上チャンバユニット6に設けた覗き窓23a、23bから画像認識カメラ22a、22bで上下各基板1a,1bに設けられている位置合わせマークを読み取って画像処理により位置を計測し、下チャンバ部T1の図示していないXYθ駆動機構を微動させて、高精度な位置合わせを行なう。この微動において、Oリング12が極端に変形しないで真空が維持されるように、ボールベアリング13が上下チャンバユニット6,5の間隔を維持している。
【0030】
貼り合わせが終了すると、真空配管14につながっている図示していない真空バルブを締めてガスパージバルブ15を開き、真空チャンバ内にN2やクリーンドライエアーを供給し、大気圧に戻してからガスパージバルブ15を閉じて、図5に示す貼り合わせで形成されたセルの取り出し工程に移る。
【0031】
先ず、図5(a)に示すように、シリンダ11で上チャンバユニット6を上昇させた後、加圧板7を上昇させる。
【0032】
貼り合せた上基板1bの上面には粘着シート18が貼り付いているので、以下、粘着シート18を剥がす動作について図5(b)で説明する。
【0033】
この動作は、スピンドル21を回転させ粘着シート18を巻き取ると同時に、巻き取り速度と同期した速さで回転固定したスピンドル17の方向に水平移動させることにより行う。
【0034】
この時、粘着シート18は上基板1bの上面から徐々に無理なく剥がされ、スピンドル21がスピンドル17に最も近接した時にすべて剥がれるようになっており、スピンドル21は粘着シート18の剥取手段としても働いている。
【0035】
貼り合わされた下基板1aはテーブル4で吸引吸着させており、粘着シート18が剥がされている途中でもずれたり持ち上がったりしない。
【0036】
上記動作が終了すると、図5(b)に示すように下チャンバ部T1を図の左側に移動させ、テーブル4から上下基板1b,1aを貼り付けてできたセルpcを外すとともに、スピンドル17から新しい粘着シート18を送り出すためスピンドル21を回転固定した状態で右方向に水平移動させ、次の貼り合わせに備える。
【0037】
次に、図6により本発明の他の実施形態になる基板貼合装置での基板貼り合わせを説明する。
【0038】
図6で図1乃至図5に示した一実施形態と同一物若しくは相当物には同一符号を付けて、説明は省略する。
【0039】
この実施形態では、スピンドル21による粘着シート18の巻き取りに代えて、粘着シート18のチャック機構45を設け、スピンドル17側のローラ19の近傍に粘着シート18のカッタ40や粘着シート18のチャックのための駆動機構を設けている。
【0040】
即ち、図6では簡略化のために上基板1bの図示を省略しているが、基板貼り合わせ後に、アクチュエータ42を介してカッタ台41を支持したカッタベース43をアクチュエータ44でカッタ40の刃の下端位置まで上昇させる。
【0041】
次に、セルpcの外周部で粘着シート18の幅方向(図のY方向)にカッタ40を移動させ、上基板1bが貼り付いている粘着シート18を切断する。
【0042】
チャック45は粘着シート18の把持を開放し、粘着シート18を付けたままセルpcを取り出し、適宜な時点でセルpcから粘着シート18を剥ぎ取る。この剥ぎ取りまでは粘着シート18は、セルpcの保護膜として働く。シール剤硬化のためにUV光を照射することがあれば、粘着シート18の大抵の粘着層はUV光で劣化するので適宜な時点での粘着シート18を剥ぎ取りは容易である。
【0043】
セルpcを取り出した後は、カッタ台41をアクチュエータ42で僅かに下降させ、粘着シート18の端部にチャック45のつかみ代を作る。カッタ40が退行(図の位置に戻ること)してから、モータ27の駆動でボールねじ26が回転し、チャック45がスピンドル17側のローラ19のところに行って粘着シート18の端部を把持する。尚、チャック45における粘着シート18の把持を行なう駆動機構は、チャック45内に内蔵されている。
【0044】
その後、アクチュエータ44でカッタベース43を下降させ、チャック45をモータ27で図の右側に移動させて粘着シート18を繰り出すとともに水平に維持し、次の上基板1bの保持に備える。
【0045】
次に、図7で本発明の更に他の実施形態になる基板貼合装置での基板貼り合わせを説明する。
【0046】
図7で図1乃至図5に示した一実施形態と同一物若しくは相当物には同一符号を付けて、説明は省略する。
【0047】
図7において、50は加圧板7に設けた開孔で、上方にアクチュエータ51を備え、このアクチュエータ51から下方に向かって伸びた軸の先に粘着部材52が設けられている。アクチュエータ51の動作で、開孔50内で粘着部材52が上下する。
【0048】
上基板1bは、粘着部材52の下面にその粘着作用で加圧板7の下面に密着した形で保持している。即ち、開孔50は上基板1bを下基板1aに対して水平に対向させるべく保持できるように、上基板1bの大きさ,形状に合わせて適宜な間隔や位置で加圧板7に設けられている。
【0049】
下基板1aをテーブル4上に固定した下チャンバ部T1は上基板1bを粘着部材52で保持している上チャンバ部T2の下に移動される。
【0050】
その後、図6(b)で示すように、シリンダ11で上チャンバユニット6を下降させ、下チャンバユニット5と真空チャンバを形成してから内部を減圧し、真空にする。
【0051】
次に、上下両基板1b,1aの位置合せをして、シャフト9で加圧板7を下降させ、加圧板7で直に上基板1bを押して上下両基板1b,1aの貼り合わせを行なう。この場合、開孔50には粘着部材52があるので、加圧力は上基板1bに平等に加わる。
【0052】
貼り合わせてできたセルpcの上基板1bから粘着部材52を剥がす時は、アクチュエータ51により開孔50内で粘着部材52を上昇(退行)させる。すると、加圧板7の開孔50の周縁部が上基板1bの移動を阻止するので、簡単に粘着部材52と上基板1bを引き離すことができ、加圧板7が粘着部材52の剥取手段として働く。
【0053】
その後、真空チャンバ内に窒素ガスN2やクリーンドライエアー等を供給し内部をパージしつつ大気圧に戻し、加圧板7を上昇させ上チャンバユニット6を上昇させ、下チャンバ部T1を図の左側に移動させてから、セルpcをテーブル4から取り出す。
【0054】
この実施形態によれば、粘着部材が加圧板7に内蔵されているので、上チャンバユニット6内が簡素化され、真空チャンバの小型化により、減圧真空化の時間を短縮でき、処理枚数を高めることができる。
【0055】
また、上基板1bのたるみを起こす中央部を加圧板7に内蔵した粘着部材で吊り上げておくことができるから、上基板の中央部がたわんで配向膜などを傷つける心配はない。
【0056】
以上の実施形態に限らず、テーブル4に粘着部材を仕込んで、下基板1aの固定に利用してもよい。また、粘着シート18に代えて、上基板1bの平行な2辺に沿うように複数本の粘着テープを図1,図2に示した機構の如きもので、上チャンバユニット内で移動可能に設置して、上基板1bを下基板1aに平行となるように保持させてもよい。
【0057】
いずれの実施形態でも、上基板をその主面側で保持しているので、中央部のたるみを消すことができ、シール剤が基板の周縁部ぎりぎりに設けられていても上基板の保持に支障はない。
【0058】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、基板サイズが大型化,薄板化しても真空中で高精度に基板同士を貼り合せることができる。
【0059】
また本発明によれば、基板周縁部際に接着剤が設けられるものでも容易に上基板を保持でき,しかも配向膜などを傷つけることなく貼り合せることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態を示す基板組立装置の概略断面図である。
【図2】図1に示した基板組立装置における粘着シートの駆動機構の斜視図である。
【図3】図1に示した基板組立装置での上下両基板を貼り合わせる初期の工程を示す要部の断面図である。
【図4】図1に示した基板組立装置での上下両基板を貼り合わせる工程を示す要部の断面図である。
【図5】図1に示した基板組立装置での上下両基板を貼り合わせて形成したセルの取り出し工程を示す要部の断面図である。
【図6】本発明の他の実施形態になる基板組立装置での上下両基板を貼り合わせる工程を示す要部の斜視図である。
【図7】本発明の更に他の実施形態になる基板組立装置での上下両基板を貼り合わせる工程を示す要部の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 基板組立装置
1a 下基板
1b 上基板
4 テーブル
5 下チャンバユニット
6 上チャンバユニット
7 加圧板
12 Oリング
13 ボールベアリング
14 真空配管
17,21 スピンドル
18 粘着シート
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for assembling substrates to be bonded to each other while holding and opposing substrates to be bonded in a vacuum chamber and narrowing an interval in vacuum.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel, two glass substrates provided with a transparent electrode, a thin film transistor array, and the like are bonded with an adhesive (hereinafter, also referred to as a sealant) at an extremely close interval of about several μm (hereinafter, bonding). The subsequent substrate is called a cell), and there is a step of sealing the liquid crystal in a space formed by the cell.
[0003]
To seal the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal is dropped on one substrate in which a sealing agent is drawn in a closed pattern so that an injection port is not provided, and the other substrate is disposed on the one substrate, and the liquid crystal is sealed in a vacuum. A method proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-165622, in which the upper and lower substrates are brought close to each other, or a pattern is drawn on a sealant so as to provide an injection port on one of the substrates, and the substrates are bonded in a vacuum. After that, there is a method proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-26763 in which liquid crystal is injected from an injection port.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above prior art, both substrates are bonded in a vacuum, before and after the pattern drawing of the sealant, but in a vacuum, the substrates are suction-adsorbed by a pressure difference from the atmosphere as in the atmospheric state. I can't.
[0005]
Therefore, when the edge of the substrate located on the upper side (hereinafter, referred to as an upper substrate) is mechanically held, the central portion of the substrate bends, and the deflection becomes larger as the recent tendency of the substrate to become larger and thinner. ing.
[0006]
Before bonding, optical positioning is performed using the alignment marks provided on the peripheral edges (ends) of the upper and lower substrates, but the larger the deflection, the wider the distance between the ends of both substrates In addition, it is difficult to focus on the alignment mark, so that accurate alignment is difficult.
[0007]
Also, when bonding, the bent central portion of the upper substrate comes into contact with the lower substrate (hereinafter, referred to as the lower substrate) before the peripheral edge portion. The spacers scattered between them move and damage the alignment film and the like formed on the substrate.
[0008]
In addition, there is a tendency that the upper and lower substrates to be bonded have the same size, and the sealant is provided at a position just near the peripheral edge of the substrate. In such a case, there is a problem that the margin for holding the upper substrate can hardly be removed.
[0009]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a substrate assembling method and apparatus capable of bonding with high precision in a vacuum even if the substrate size is increased and thinned.
[0010]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of assembling a substrate which can easily hold the upper substrate even when an adhesive is provided at the periphery of the substrate and can be bonded without damaging the alignment film and the like. It is to provide a device.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides an assembling method of a substrate, in which one of the substrates to be bonded is held and opposed on the other substrate to be bonded, and is bonded in a vacuum with an adhesive provided on any one of the substrates. One substrate is held below the pressure plate by the adhesive force on the lower surface of the adhesive sheet, the other substrate is held on a table, and a tensile force is applied to the adhesive sheet in a direction parallel to the main surface of the one substrate. The first feature is that the two substrates are kept substantially parallel to each other, and the two substrates are bonded via an adhesive sheet by narrowing the gap between the pressure plate and the table in a vacuum. The gripper grips the end of the adhesive sheet and moves it horizontally to apply a pulling force to the adhesive sheet in a direction parallel to the main surface of one of the substrates. To cut in a direction to the second feature.
Further, in the present invention, a pressure plate for holding one substrate above the inside of the vacuum chamber and a table for holding the other substrate to be bonded below the inside of the vacuum chamber are provided, and the position of the one substrate is adjusted. In a substrate assembling apparatus in which the distance between the two substrates is reduced in a vacuum by an adhesive provided on one substrate and the substrates are bonded to each other, a tensile force is applied to the adhesive sheet in a direction parallel to the main surface of the one substrate. Then, the two substrates are maintained substantially parallel to each other and then positioned on the other substrate, the inside of the vacuum chamber is evacuated, and the pressure plate and the table are narrowed to one side held by the adhesive sheet. A third feature is that the substrate and the substrate on the table are bonded to each other.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2, a substrate assembling apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a lower chamber T1 and an upper chamber T2, and an XYθ driving mechanism (not shown) is provided below the lower chamber T1. Have been. With this XY drive mechanism, the lower chamber portion T1 can move back and forth in the left and right X-axis directions and the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis in the drawing. Further, the table 4 on which the lower substrate 1a is mounted can be horizontally rotated with respect to the lower chamber unit 5 from the shaft 2 via the vacuum seal 3 by the θ drive mechanism. When the lower substrate 1a is mounted on the table 4, the lower substrate 1a has a structure in which the lower substrate 1a is mechanically positioned and fixed by pins, rollers, and the like, and a structure in which the lower substrate 1a is suction-adsorbed. Is omitted.
[0013]
In the upper chamber section T2, the upper chamber unit 6 and the pressurizing plate 7 inside the upper chamber unit 6 can move up and down independently of each other. That is, the upper chamber unit 6 has a housing 8 containing a linear bush and a vacuum seal, and is moved in the vertical Z-axis direction by a cylinder 11 fixed to a frame 10 using a shaft 9 as a guide.
[0014]
When the lower chamber unit T1 on the XYθ drive mechanism moves directly below the upper chamber unit T2 and the upper chamber unit 6 descends, the flange of the upper chamber unit 6 is attached to the O-ring 12 disposed around the lower chamber unit 5. They come into contact with each other and become a state functioning as a vacuum chamber. Here, the ball bearing 13 installed around the lower chamber unit 5 adjusts the amount of crushing of the O-ring 12 due to vacuum, and can be set at an arbitrary position in the vertical direction. The amount of collapse of the O-ring 12 is set at a position where the inside of the vacuum chamber can be kept at a vacuum and the maximum elasticity is obtained. The large force generated by the vacuum is received by the lower chamber unit 5 via the ball bearing 13, and the lower chamber unit T1 is easily finely moved within the elastic range of the O-ring 12 when the upper and lower substrates are bonded, which will be described later. Can be decided.
[0015]
The housing 8 has a built-in vacuum seal that can move up and down without causing a vacuum leak to the shaft 9 even if the upper chamber unit 6 forms a vacuum chamber with the lower chamber unit 5 and deforms at atmospheric pressure. The deformation of the vacuum chamber can absorb the force applied to the shaft 9, the deformation of the pressure plate 7 supported by the shaft 9 can be substantially prevented, and the upper plate 1 b affixed to the adhesive sheet 18 and the table 4 hold it. The bonding can be performed while maintaining the parallel state with the lower substrate 1a. The vertical movement of the pressure plate 7 is performed by a drive mechanism (not shown) installed above the shaft 9.
[0016]
Numeral 14 denotes a vacuum pipe arranged on the side of the upper chamber unit 6, which is connected to a vacuum source through a vacuum valve and a pipe hose (not shown), and these are used when the inside of the vacuum chamber is depressurized and evacuated. Reference numeral 15 denotes a gas purge valve and a tube, which are connected to a pressure source such as nitrogen gas (N 2 ) or clean dry air, and are used to return the vacuum chamber to atmospheric pressure.
[0017]
Next, the driving mechanism of the adhesive sheet 18 holding the upper substrate 1b will be described.
Reference numeral 17 in the upper chamber unit 6 denotes a spindle, which can drive and rotate the adhesive sheet 18 wound in a roll shape in the feeding direction, free rotation, rotation in the feeding direction in a state where a reverse torque is applied to the feeding direction, and rotation and fixing. It has become.
[0018]
The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 can be wound by a spindle 21 which is fixed to a position relatively to the roller 20 and is opposed to a rotatable roller 20 on the opposite side via a rotatable roller 19. The spindle 21 is capable of driving and rotating the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 in the winding direction, and is capable of reverse rotation and rotation fixing with a torque applied in the winding direction. The take-up spindle 21 fixed in position relative to the roller 20 can be driven horizontally in the direction of the spindle 17 while driving and rotating the adhesive sheet 18 in the take-up direction. Since the adhesive surface of the adhesive sheet 18 is wound so as to be on the lower side, when the upper substrate 1b is adhered to the adhesive sheet 18, it comes to face the lower substrate 1a.
[0019]
The rotation of the spindle 17 is performed by a motor 24 as shown in FIG. The rotation operation of the spindle 21 is performed by a motor 25, and the horizontal operation is realized by a ball nut 28 to which the motor 25 is fixed being rotated and moved by a ball screw 26 driven by a motor 27. The guide for horizontal movement of the ball nut 28 is not shown. 29, 30 are support bearings of the ball screw 26, the support bearing 29 is fixed to the upper chamber unit 6, the support bearing 30 is fixed to the bracket 31 together with the motor 24 and the shaft of the roller 19, and the bracket 31 is 6.
[0020]
Reference numerals 22a and 22b denote image recognition cameras which are installed to read alignment marks provided on the upper and lower substrates 1a and 1b. Reference numerals 23a and 23b denote transparent viewing windows, which perform vacuum shut-off of the holes 6a and 6b provided in the upper chamber unit 6.
[0021]
Reference numerals 7a and 7b denote small-diameter holes provided in the pressure plate 7 for viewing alignment marks on the substrate. Here, the width of the adhesive sheet 18 is set so that the adhesive sheet 18 does not block the field of view of the image recognition cameras 22a and 22b, as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the distance be slightly smaller than the distance in the Y direction.
[0022]
Next, a process of bonding substrates by the present substrate assembling apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3A shows the initial state of the upper chamber portion T2 before the upper substrate 1b is held, and the spindle 21 is moved to the right side in the figure with the adhesive sheet 18 spread, and the pressing plate 7 Is waiting upwards.
[0023]
FIG. 3B shows a state in which the pressure plate 7 is lowered and brought into contact with the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 and then further lowered. At this time, the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 wound on the spindles 17 and 21 is sent out from both, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 is subjected to torque control by the respective motors for driving the spindles 17 and 21 to rotate. State. The pulling force is determined by the weight of the upper substrate 1b, and is set to such an amount that a gap is hardly formed between the upper substrate 1b and the pressing plate 7 even when the upper substrate 1b is stuck and held, as shown in FIG.
[0024]
After the upper substrate 1b is adhered and held on the adhesive sheet 18, the upper substrate 1b and the lower substrate 1a are attached to each other as shown in FIG.
[0025]
First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the lower chamber part T1 in which the lower substrate 1a is mounted on the table 4 is moved directly below the upper chamber part T2, and as shown in FIG. The upper chamber unit 6 is lowered, the flange of the upper chamber unit 6 is brought into contact with the O-ring 12 arranged around the lower chamber unit 5 to integrate the upper and lower chamber portions T1 and T2, and then the vacuum exhaust is performed from the vacuum pipe 14. Do.
[0026]
The lower substrate 1a is positioned and fixed on the table 4, and a sealant is drawn in a closed pattern on the outer periphery of the lower substrate 1a, and an appropriate amount of liquid crystal is dropped inside the lower surface.
[0027]
When the inside of the vacuum chamber formed by integrating the upper chamber unit 6 and the lower chamber unit 5 reaches a predetermined degree of vacuum, the upper and lower substrates 1a and 1b are aligned as shown in FIG. While performing, the vertical drive mechanism (not shown) on the shaft 9 is operated to lower the pressure plate 7, and the gap between the upper and lower substrates 1a and 1b is reduced with a predetermined pressing force so as to be bonded at a desired interval.
[0028]
Also at this time, as the pressure plate 7 descends, the adhesive sheet 18 wound on the spindles 17 and 21 is sent out from both. However, as described above, since the adhesive sheet 18 is always in a state where an appropriate pulling force is applied, The sheet 18 does not stretch or break. Due to this pulling force, the upper substrate 1b is almost in close contact with the pressure plate 7 via the adhesive sheet 18, and the central portion of the upper substrate 1b does not droop extremely, and the upper and lower substrates 1a and 1b are substantially parallel. Therefore, the central portion of the upper substrate 1b does not adversely affect the spacers scattered on the substrate 1a, and the positioning of the substrates is not impossible.
[0029]
Incidentally, the alignment between the substrates is performed by reading the alignment marks provided on the upper and lower substrates 1a, 1b by the image recognition cameras 22a, 22b from the viewing windows 23a, 23b provided in the upper chamber unit 6, and performing image processing. Is measured, and an XYθ driving mechanism (not shown) of the lower chamber portion T1 is finely moved to perform high-accuracy alignment. In this fine movement, the ball bearing 13 maintains the space between the upper and lower chamber units 6 and 5 so that the O-ring 12 is not deformed extremely and the vacuum is maintained.
[0030]
When bonding is completed, open the gas purge valve 15 by tightening the vacuum valve (not shown) is connected to the vacuum pipe 14, to supply N 2 and clean dry air into the vacuum chamber, the gas purge valve from returning to the atmospheric pressure 15 is closed, and the process proceeds to the step of taking out the cells formed by bonding shown in FIG.
[0031]
First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the upper chamber unit 6 is raised by the cylinder 11, and then the pressure plate 7 is raised.
[0032]
Since the adhesive sheet 18 is attached to the upper surface of the bonded upper substrate 1b, the operation of peeling the adhesive sheet 18 will be described below with reference to FIG.
[0033]
This operation is performed by rotating the spindle 21 and winding the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 and, at the same time, horizontally moving the adhesive sheet 18 in the direction of the spindle 17 which has been rotationally fixed at a speed synchronized with the winding speed.
[0034]
At this time, the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 is gradually and smoothly peeled off from the upper surface of the upper substrate 1b, and all of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet 18 is peeled off when the spindle 21 is closest to the spindle 17. is working.
[0035]
The bonded lower substrate 1a is suction-adsorbed on the table 4, so that the lower substrate 1a does not shift or lift even while the adhesive sheet 18 is being peeled off.
[0036]
When the above operation is completed, the lower chamber part T1 is moved to the left side of the figure as shown in FIG. 5B, the cell pc formed by attaching the upper and lower substrates 1b and 1a is removed from the table 4, and the spindle 17 is removed. In order to send out a new adhesive sheet 18, the spindle 21 is horizontally moved rightward while the spindle 21 is rotated and fixed, to prepare for the next bonding.
[0037]
Next, a description will be given of substrate bonding in a substrate bonding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG.
[0038]
In FIG. 6, the same or corresponding components as those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0039]
In this embodiment, instead of the winding of the adhesive sheet 18 by the spindle 21, a chuck mechanism 45 for the adhesive sheet 18 is provided, and the cutter 40 of the adhesive sheet 18 and the chuck of the adhesive sheet 18 are provided near the roller 19 on the spindle 17 side. Drive mechanism is provided.
[0040]
That is, in FIG. 6, the illustration of the upper substrate 1 b is omitted for simplification, but after the substrates are bonded, the cutter base 43 supporting the cutter table 41 via the actuator 42 is used by the actuator 44 to cut the blade of the cutter 40. Raise to the lower end position.
[0041]
Next, the cutter 40 is moved in the width direction (Y direction in the drawing) of the adhesive sheet 18 at the outer periphery of the cell pc, and the adhesive sheet 18 to which the upper substrate 1b is adhered is cut.
[0042]
The chuck 45 releases the grip of the adhesive sheet 18, takes out the cell pc with the adhesive sheet 18 attached, and peels the adhesive sheet 18 from the cell pc at an appropriate time. Until this peeling, the adhesive sheet 18 functions as a protective film for the cell pc. If UV light is irradiated to cure the sealant, most of the adhesive layer of the adhesive sheet 18 is deteriorated by the UV light, so that it is easy to peel off the adhesive sheet 18 at an appropriate time.
[0043]
After taking out the cell pc, the cutter table 41 is slightly lowered by the actuator 42 to make a margin for the chuck 45 at the end of the adhesive sheet 18. After the cutter 40 retreats (returns to the position shown in the figure), the ball screw 26 is rotated by the drive of the motor 27, and the chuck 45 goes to the roller 19 on the spindle 17 side to grip the end of the adhesive sheet 18. I do. A driving mechanism for holding the adhesive sheet 18 by the chuck 45 is built in the chuck 45.
[0044]
Thereafter, the cutter base 43 is lowered by the actuator 44, the chuck 45 is moved to the right side in the figure by the motor 27, and the adhesive sheet 18 is fed out and kept horizontal to prepare for holding the next upper substrate 1b.
[0045]
Next, a description will be given of substrate bonding in a substrate bonding apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG.
[0046]
In FIG. 7, the same or corresponding components as those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
[0047]
In FIG. 7, reference numeral 50 denotes an opening provided in the pressure plate 7, which is provided with an actuator 51 above, and an adhesive member 52 is provided at a tip of a shaft extending downward from the actuator 51. By the operation of the actuator 51, the adhesive member 52 moves up and down in the opening 50.
[0048]
The upper substrate 1b is held on the lower surface of the adhesive member 52 in close contact with the lower surface of the pressure plate 7 by the adhesive action. That is, the openings 50 are provided in the pressure plate 7 at appropriate intervals and positions in accordance with the size and shape of the upper substrate 1b so that the upper substrate 1b can be held so as to horizontally face the lower substrate 1a. I have.
[0049]
The lower chamber portion T1 in which the lower substrate 1a is fixed on the table 4 is moved below the upper chamber portion T2 which holds the upper substrate 1b with the adhesive member 52.
[0050]
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6B, the upper chamber unit 6 is lowered by the cylinder 11 to form a vacuum chamber with the lower chamber unit 5, and then the inside is decompressed and evacuated.
[0051]
Next, the upper and lower substrates 1b and 1a are aligned, the pressure plate 7 is lowered by the shaft 9, and the upper substrate 1b is directly pressed by the pressure plate 7 to bond the upper and lower substrates 1b and 1a. In this case, since the adhesive member 52 is provided in the opening 50, the pressing force is applied equally to the upper substrate 1b.
[0052]
When the adhesive member 52 is peeled from the upper substrate 1b of the cell pc formed by bonding, the adhesive member 52 is raised (regressed) in the opening 50 by the actuator 51. Then, since the peripheral portion of the opening 50 of the pressure plate 7 prevents the movement of the upper substrate 1b, the adhesive member 52 and the upper substrate 1b can be easily separated from each other, and the pressure plate 7 serves as a peeling means of the adhesive member 52. work.
[0053]
Thereafter, nitrogen gas N 2 , clean dry air, or the like is supplied into the vacuum chamber to return the pressure to the atmospheric pressure while purging the inside. Then, the pressure plate 7 is raised to raise the upper chamber unit 6, and the lower chamber part T 1 is moved to the left side of the drawing. Then, the cell pc is taken out of the table 4.
[0054]
According to this embodiment, since the pressure-sensitive adhesive member is incorporated in the pressure plate 7, the inside of the upper chamber unit 6 is simplified, and the size of the vacuum chamber is reduced, so that the time for decompression and vacuuming can be reduced, and the number of processed wafers can be increased. be able to.
[0055]
In addition, since the central portion of the upper substrate 1b where the sag is caused can be lifted by the adhesive member built in the pressure plate 7, there is no fear that the central portion of the upper substrate bends and damages the alignment film and the like.
[0056]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and an adhesive member may be charged into the table 4 and used for fixing the lower substrate 1a. Also, instead of the adhesive sheet 18, a plurality of adhesive tapes are installed along the two parallel sides of the upper substrate 1b so as to be movable within the upper chamber unit by a mechanism like the one shown in FIGS. Then, the upper substrate 1b may be held parallel to the lower substrate 1a.
[0057]
In any of the embodiments, the upper substrate is held on the main surface side, so that the slack at the center can be eliminated, and the holding of the upper substrate is hindered even if the sealant is provided just around the periphery of the substrate. There is no.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even if the size of the substrate is increased and the thickness of the substrate is reduced, the substrates can be bonded with high accuracy in a vacuum.
[0059]
Further, according to the present invention, even when an adhesive is provided near the periphery of the substrate, the upper substrate can be easily held and can be bonded without damaging the alignment film and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a substrate assembling apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a driving mechanism of an adhesive sheet in the substrate assembling apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part showing an initial step of bonding both upper and lower substrates in the substrate assembling apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part showing a step of bonding both upper and lower substrates in the substrate assembling apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a step of taking out a cell formed by bonding both upper and lower substrates in the substrate assembling apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main part showing a step of bonding both upper and lower substrates in a substrate assembling apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a step of bonding both upper and lower substrates in a substrate assembling apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate assembling apparatus 1a Lower substrate 1b Upper substrate 4 Table 5 Lower chamber unit 6 Upper chamber unit 7 Pressure plate 12 O-ring 13 Ball bearing 14 Vacuum piping 17, 21 Spindle 18 Adhesive sheet

Claims (3)

貼り合わせる一方の基板を貼り合わせる他方の基板上に保持して対向させ、いづれかの基板に設けた接着剤により真空中で貼り合わせる基板の組立方法において、
一方の基板を粘着シートの下面にその粘着力で加圧板下方に保持させ、他方の基板はテーブル上に保持し、前記粘着シートには一方の基板の主面と平行な方向の引っ張り力を掛けて両基板をほぼ平行に維持し、真空中で前記加圧板とテーブルの間隔を狭めることで粘着シートを介して両基板の貼り合わせを行うことを特徴とする基板の組立方法。
In a method of assembling substrates, one substrate to be bonded is held and opposed on the other substrate to be bonded, and is bonded in a vacuum with an adhesive provided on any one of the substrates.
One substrate is held below the pressure plate by the adhesive force on the lower surface of the adhesive sheet, the other substrate is held on a table, and a tensile force is applied to the adhesive sheet in a direction parallel to the main surface of the one substrate. A method for assembling a substrate , comprising: maintaining the two substrates substantially parallel to each other; and bonding the two substrates via an adhesive sheet by narrowing a gap between the pressure plate and the table in a vacuum .
上記請求項1記載の基板の組立方法において、
チャックで粘着シートの端部を把持し、水平に移動することで粘着シートに一方の基板の主面と平行な方向の引っ張り力を掛け、両基板の貼り合わせ後にカッタで粘着シートを幅方向に切断することを特徴とする基板の組立方法。
The method for assembling a substrate according to claim 1,
The edge of the adhesive sheet is gripped with a chuck, and the adhesive sheet is moved horizontally to apply a pulling force in a direction parallel to the main surface of one of the substrates. A method for assembling a substrate, comprising cutting .
真空チャンバ内の上方に一方の基板を保持する加圧板と、真空チャンバ内の下方に貼り合わせる他方の基板を保持するテーブルとを設け、前記一方の基板の位置を合わせ、いづれか一方の基板に設けた接着剤により真空中で両基板の間隔を狭めて基板同士を貼り合わせる基板の組立装置において、A pressure plate for holding one substrate above the vacuum chamber and a table for holding the other substrate to be bonded below the vacuum chamber are provided, and the position of the one substrate is aligned and provided on one of the substrates. In a substrate assembling apparatus that reduces the distance between both substrates in a vacuum with an adhesive and attaches the substrates together,
前記粘着シートには一方の基板の主面と平行な方向の引っ張り力を掛けて両基板をほぼ平行に維持してから前記他方の基板上に位置合わせし、前記真空チェンバ内を真空排気し、前記加圧板と前記テーブル間を狭めることで前記粘着シートに保持された一方の基板とテーブル上の基板を貼り合わせを行うことを特徴とする基板の組立装置。The pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet is applied with a pulling force in a direction parallel to the main surface of one of the substrates to keep both substrates substantially parallel, and then is positioned on the other substrate, and the inside of the vacuum chamber is evacuated, A substrate assembling apparatus, wherein one of the substrates held by the adhesive sheet and the substrate on the table are bonded by narrowing a gap between the pressure plate and the table.
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