JP3472900B2 - Pressure reducing valve device for ultra high pressure fluid - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a valve device for an ultra-high pressure fluid for discharging an ultra-high pressure fluid by reducing its pressure. [0002] In general, CIP used for food processing and the like
The (Cold Isostatic Pressing) apparatus is provided with a pressure reducing valve apparatus using a needle valve for discharging the pressure medium in the pressure vessel after keeping the pressure vessel in a pressurized state. As such a pressure reducing valve device, an inlet port for introducing a high-pressure fluid, a needle valve for regulating the pressure by restricting a flow path of the high-pressure fluid introduced from the inlet port, and a pressure regulating device using the needle valve In general, the apparatus includes an ejection nozzle for restricting the flow rate of the fluid subjected to the action, and an outlet port for leading out the fluid ejected from the ejection nozzle. [0004] In this pressure reducing valve device, the high-pressure fluid introduced into the inlet port is guided to the pressure reducing chamber through a narrow flow path provided in the inlet port. In the decompression chamber, a needle valve seat having a thin pipe communicating with the flow path from the inlet port,
A needle valve is provided. The needle valve includes a needle that enters the outlet side of the pipeline and closes the pipeline outlet, and a drive mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder device or a pneumatic cylinder device. The drive mechanism pushes the needle toward the pipeline outlet. It is configured to be. [0005] Depending on the position of the needle provided on the fluid outlet side of the pipe of the needle valve seat with respect to the pipe outlet, the size of the flow path is the narrowest, for example, just before the needle blocks the pipe outlet, and the needle is the pipe. Since the state away from the passage outlet is restricted to be the widest, the high-pressure fluid introduced into the decompression chamber through the conduit provided in the needle valve seat is regulated in pressure according to the arrangement of the needles. become. Accordingly, the fluid which has entered the pressure reducing valve device from the inlet port is subjected to pressure control by the needle valve in the pressure reducing chamber, and is decompressed and discharged from the outlet port. An injection nozzle is provided between the outlet port and the needle valve,
The amount of the fluid discharged from the needle valve by the injection nozzle is adjusted, and the fluid is discharged from the outlet port to the outside through the pipe or returned to the pressurized medium tank for reuse. The position (open / closed state) of the needle valve with respect to the pipeline of the needle is determined by the difference between the fluid force of the high-pressure fluid introduced from the inlet port and the pressing force of the needle opposing the fluid force. Since the high-pressure fluid supplied to the inlet port has a constant pressure, the movement of the needle depends on the pressing force of a driving mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder device or a pneumatic cylinder device. That is, the needle moves toward the pipe outlet when the drive mechanism presses the needle with a force higher than the fluid force of the high-pressure fluid, and moves away from the pipe outlet when the drive mechanism presses the needle with a force less than the fluid force of the high-pressure fluid, and If it is equivalent to the fluid force of the high-pressure fluid, it does not move. [0008] However, such a pressure reducing valve device is used to reduce the pressure of a fluid having a pressure lower than 400 MPa.
It cannot be used to reduce the pressure of an ultra-high pressure fluid of 00 MPa or more. The reason is that the needle valve always receives the fluid from the injection nozzle. However, in the case of an ultra-high pressure fluid of 400 MPa or more, a large load is always applied to the needle portion and the needle is broken. In addition, the life of consumable parts such as packing is very short. Further, the nozzle for controlling the flow rate must have a smaller nozzle diameter as the fluid pressure becomes higher. However, if the nozzle diameter is smaller, minute dust and the like in the fluid are clogged and the nozzle is damaged. I will. not only that,
Nozzles for reducing the pressure of ultra-high pressure fluids of 400 MPa or more, particularly 700 MPa, have not been developed, and new development requires an enormous cost, which is not preferable. In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to propose a pressure reducing valve device using a needle valve which can satisfactorily reduce the pressure even with an ultra-high pressure fluid of 400 MPa or more. According to the first aspect of the present invention, an ultra-high pressure fluid introduced from an inlet port is decompressed in accordance with a pressure regulating state of a needle valve, and an outlet port is provided. A pressure-reducing valve device for an ultra-high-pressure fluid, which is provided with a pressure-loss portion that restricts fluid velocity between an inlet port and a needle valve, and the pressure-loss portion is guided from the inlet port.
A ball valve rotating by the fluid force of an ultra-high pressure fluid, and the ball
A valve seat member for seating and supporting the valve body, wherein the valve seat member is
Through a seating gap formed between the ball valve body
Flow path from the inlet port to the needle valve
The valve is provided at a position eccentric with respect to the seating center of the valve body . That is, in the present invention, the ultrahigh-pressure fluid from the inlet port is not immediately guided to the needle valve, but is guided to the pressure loss portion to restrict the fluid speed and then to the needle valve. The load on the valve is reduced. Therefore, when the fluid guided to the inlet port is 70
Even with an ultra-high pressure fluid of 400 MPa or more, such as 0 MPa, the fluid velocity is reduced before reaching the needle valve, so that a moderate fluid pressure is always applied to the needle valve. Therefore, not only is the needle hardly damaged, but also the consumable parts such as the packing are not subjected to an excessive load, so that the life is not shortened. In the present invention, by providing a flow path communicating from the inlet port to the needle valve at a position eccentric with respect to the seating center of the ball valve body, rotation is given to the ball valve body, and the fluid is provided. , The pressure loss and the passage speed can be reduced to efficiently generate pressure loss. Further, since the ball valve element is rotating, even if foreign matter is contained in the fluid, the fluid can be passed through, so that clogging by the foreign matter can be prevented. In addition, the sealing surface between the valve seat member and the ball valve body can be regenerated by itself. Further, the ball valve body is rotatably seated and supported by the valve seat member, and the valve seat member forms a seating gap with the ball valve body. Since the seating gap is widened, drainage at low pressure is improved. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 1, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic explanatory view of an ultrahigh-pressure fluid depressurizing device according to the present invention. This device has an inlet port 9 for introducing a high-pressure fluid and a high-pressure fluid introduced from the inlet port 9. A ball-type check valve 1 that constitutes a pressure loss part that limits the speed, a needle valve 6 that regulates pressure by restricting a flow path, and a sealing that restricts the flow rate of a fluid that is regulated by the needle valve 6 Cone 8 and outlet port 1 for taking out fluid ejected from sealing cone 8
0. The needle valve 6 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder pump 7 as a drive mechanism for moving the needle in a direction opposite to the flow direction, and applies a pressing force to the needle at a predetermined pressure. In this ultra-high pressure fluid pressure reducing device, the high pressure fluid introduced from the inlet port 9 is guided to the ball type check valve 1. FIG. 1 (b) is an explanatory view showing a portion of the ball type check valve 1 in the ultrahigh pressure fluid pressure reducing device. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the ball type check valve 1 has an inlet port. Ball seat 4a in order from the 9th side,
It comprises a spacer 4, an inlet side pressure loss sheet 3 constituting a valve seat member, a ball valve element 1a, and an outlet side pressure loss sheet 2 constituting a valve seat member. The high-pressure fluid is temporarily retained in the spacer 4 from the inlet port 9 side via the ball seat 4a.
It passes through the flow path provided in the inlet-side pressure loss sheet 3 toward the ball valve element 1a. The ball valve element 1a is rotatably sandwiched between the inlet side pressure loss sheet 3 and the outlet side pressure loss sheet 2, and a gap is formed between the inlet side pressure loss sheet 3 and the outlet side pressure loss sheet 2. Therefore, when the pressure of the fluid decreases, the gap widens, thereby improving drainage at low pressure. The outlet side pressure loss seat 2 has a flow path at a position eccentric with respect to the seating center of the ball valve element 1a, and the flow path is deviated from the ball valve element 1a when the fluid flows through the flow path. A force is applied, and this force rotates the ball valve element 1a. By the rotation of the ball valve 1a, the energy of the ultra-high pressure water is converted into heat, and the pressure and the passing speed of the fluid are reduced. The fluid that has passed through the flow path located at a position eccentric with respect to the seating center of the ball valve element 1a is guided to the decompression chamber.
The decompression chamber has a needle valve seat 5 provided with a thin pipe line.
And a needle valve 6 having a needle 6a that enters the outlet side of the pipeline of the needle valve seat 5 and closes the pipeline outlet. The high-pressure fluid introduced into the decompression chamber is introduced into the decompression chamber through the pipe of the needle valve seat 5, and the position of the needle 6a provided on the fluid outlet side of this pipe with respect to the pipe outlet is determined. Accordingly, the size of the flow path is limited so that, for example, the width of the flow path is the narrowest just before the needle 6a closes the conduit outlet, and is the widest when the needle 6a is away from the conduit outlet. Therefore, the fluid is checked by the ball type check valve 1.
The fluid whose speed is limited is subjected to a pressure regulating action by the needle valve 6 and further reduced in pressure, and is discharged from the outlet port 10. A sealing cone 8 is provided between the outlet port 10 and the needle valve 6.
, The outflow amount of the fluid is adjusted, and the fluid is supplied into the pressure vessel or the like. Here, the rotation of the ball valve body 1a converts the energy of the ultrahigh-pressure water into heat and reduces the pressure and the passing speed of the fluid. ) Is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows, in addition to the decompression rate obtained by the present embodiment, a conventional decompression rate and a theoretical value obtained when decompression is performed with the nozzle diameter being 0.15 mm for comparison. The figure shows a theoretical value and an ideal pressure reduction speed when the pressure is reduced with the nozzle diameter being 0.20 mm.
In all cases, the pressure of the fluid used was 700 M
Pa. As is apparent from FIG. 2, the ideal pressure reduction time and the pressure reduction time according to the present embodiment substantially coincide with each other, and a pressure loss portion is provided between the inlet port and the needle valve as in the present embodiment. It can be seen that with the configuration provided, the pressure can be reduced at a gradual rate even if an ultra-high pressure fluid of 700 MPa is used. Further, it can be seen that the pressure can be reduced in an ideal pressure reducing time. In addition, although the example using one ball was given to the pressure loss part of the present application, the one in which many balls having a diameter of about 1 mm to 3 mm are packed or a porous body in which micropores of about 1 μm to 1 mm are uniformly distributed. A body may be employed. As described above, according to the present invention, 700
It is possible to reduce the pressure of an ultra-high pressure fluid of 400 MPa or more such as MPa at a moderate speed. Further, the pressure can be reduced in an ideal pressure reducing time. Further, since the fluid velocity is limited at the pressure loss portion before the fluid reaches the needle valve,
Since there is no fear that a high load is applied to the needle valve and the sealing cone provided downstream of the needle valve, the needle is not broken and the life of consumable parts such as packing is not extremely shortened. Of course, it is possible to use the conventionally used needle valve and to omit the necessary injection nozzle, so that there is no need to develop a new injection nozzle even if the pressure of the ultra-high pressure fluid of 400 MPa or more is reduced. There is also an advantage that unnecessary costs are not required. Further, since the ball valve element is rotated by receiving the force of the fluid while being seated and supported by the valve seat member, even if a large foreign substance is mixed in the fluid, the foreign substance is hardly clogged in the valve. There is an advantage. There is also an advantage that drainage at low pressure is good. Furthermore, since it has a simple configuration and does not require complicated mechanisms or controls, it has the advantage that it can be used with any automatic control valve.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of an ultrahigh-pressure fluid pressure reducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a comparison between the present embodiment of the pressure reduction rate gradient, a theoretical value, and a conventional value. [Explanation of Signs] 1: Ball type check valve 1a: Ball valve body 2: Outlet side pressure loss sheet 3: Inlet side pressure loss sheet 4: Spacer 4a: Ball seat 5: Needle valve seat 5 6: Needle valve 6a: Needle 7: Hydraulic cylinder pump 8: Sealing cone 9: Inlet port 10: Outlet port

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Sho 64-4962 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Hei 6-43437 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 62-146212 (JP, U) Registered utility model 3030343 (JP, U) JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16K 17/00 F16K 47/00 F17C 13/00 G05D 16/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A pressure reducing valve device for an ultra-high pressure fluid for depressurizing an ultra-high pressure fluid guided from an inlet port in accordance with a pressure regulating state of a needle valve and leading the fluid to an outlet port, a pressure loss that limits the fluid velocity between the inlet port and the needle valve, the pressure loss portion of the ultra-high pressure fluid conducted from the inlet port
A ball valve that rotates by fluid force, and a seating support for the ball valve
A valve seat member to be held, and the valve seat member is formed between the ball valve body and the valve seat member.
Communicates from inlet port to needle valve via seating gap
Position where the flow path is eccentric with respect to the seating center of the ball valve
A pressure reducing valve device for an ultra-high pressure fluid, characterized in that the pressure reducing valve device is provided for: