JP3342820B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece and a tool in three X, Y, and Z axes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a machine tool, one of the most important themes is how to efficiently discharge a large amount of chips generated when machining a workpiece out of a device. Research and development. For example, Tokuho 6
JP-A-28835 and JP-A-58-93437 propose a structure in which troughs are provided on both sides of a table, and chips are individually removed by the troughs on each side. That is,
FIG. 4 of Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-28835 discloses a vertical machining center provided with a table that moves in the X and Y axis directions, troughs provided on both sides of the table to receive chips, and chips in each trough. A configuration in which chips are discharged to the outside of the machine by a discharge means is disclosed. In addition, 58-934
In FIG. 3 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 37, a horizontal machining center is provided with a table which moves in the Z-axis direction, troughs are provided on both sides of the table to receive chips, and chip discharge means utilizing fluid in each trough is provided. A configuration for discharging chips is disclosed.

[0003]

However, in the above two conventional structures, the troughs are dispersed in two places, and each of the troughs requires a chip discharging means, which complicates the structure. Also, the width of each trough is as small as dividing the dimension allocated for troughs into two, and the width of each trough becomes narrower when trying to make the whole machine compact, so that each trough has chips. (A bird's nest-like chip pool) is likely to be formed.

[0004] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact machine tool which does not involve such inconvenience and has excellent performance for collecting and discharging chips and the like.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece and a tool in three directions of X, Y, and Z axes. In a machine tool in which a spindle head having a spindle on which the tool is mounted moves in the left-right direction and up-down direction, and a table on which the work is placed moves in a front-rear direction on a bed, A bed in which a recess for storing the chip receiver is formed over the entire range of movement in the direction, a table that moves in the front-rear direction across the recess of the bed, and a movement range of the table in the front-rear direction in the recess of the bed. A chip receiver, which is attached to the entire area and is formed of a concave thin plate member that accommodates the falling chips, and is provided so as to cover the guide for moving the table in the front-rear direction. A cover for guiding the chips to the chip receiver over the entire moving range, a splash guard surrounding the processing area, and having a sloped portion inclined in a valley shape from right and left to guide the chips to the cover, and a rear wall of the splash guard are formed. A flat cover provided so as to cover guides for moving the spindle head in the left-right direction and the up-down direction, and formed at the center of the bed over the entire range of movement of the table in the front-rear direction. A gist of the present invention is a machine tool configured to drop and collect chips in the concave chip receiver provided in the concave portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving the workpiece and a tool in three directions of X, Y and Z axes, wherein a column is provided on a rear portion of the bed. The spindle head having a horizontal spindle to which the tool is mounted moves vertically at the front of the column, and the table on which the work is placed is moved back and forth at the front on the bed. In a machine tool that moves in the direction, a bed in which a recess is formed in a central portion for storing a chip receiver over the entire moving range of the table in the front-rear direction, and a table that moves in the front-rear direction across the recess of the bed, A chip receiver made of a thin sheet member having a concave shape, which is mounted in the recess of the bed over the entire range of movement of the table in the front-rear direction and accommodates falling chips, and wherein the table is provided at a front portion and a rear portion of the table. A movable cover that is provided so as to cover the guide of the movement of the table, moves along with the table, and guides the chips to the chip receiver over the entire range of movement of the table in the front-rear direction; A splash guard having an inclined portion inclined in a valley shape from left and right to guide chips to the cover, an opening for forming a rear wall of the splash guard and projecting the main shaft to the machining area, the column and the main shaft A planar cover provided to cover the column and the movement guide of the spindle head, which is moved by the head, and a chip provided in the concave chip receiver, for discharging dropped chips to the outside of the machine. Discharge means, and the concave chip receiver provided in a concave portion formed in the central portion of the bed over the entire range of movement of the table in the front-rear direction. The machine tool so as to recover to drop the debris and gist.

[0007]

[0008]

[0009]

In the present invention, since the chip receiver having a concave shape is provided below the table and along the moving direction of the table, chips generated when machining a work are stored in the chip receiver. Directly or along the cover, and hardly accumulates around the table.
Further, since the chip discharge means is provided in the chip receiver, the chips are automatically discharged outside the machine.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Some of the constituent elements of the present invention may be appropriately changed within the technical level of the industry at the time of filing the present invention. Since possible members are included, it is not allowed to reduce and understand the gist of the invention based only on the present embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 2) showing the overall configuration of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. Y, Z
This is a horizontal machining center that is relatively moved in the axial direction to perform desired machining on a workpiece. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG.

In FIG. 1, a large bed 3 serving as a base is formed in an L-shape by raising the rear side by one step, and a plurality of inner beds are provided inside in order to increase rigidity and maintain accuracy while reducing weight. It adopts a box-shaped lightening structure with ribs. A guide rail extending in the X-axis direction is provided on a rear upper plane of the bed 3, and the column 5 is assembled to the bed 3 via the rail so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. Guide rails 7, 7 extending in the axial direction are provided, and the spindle head 9 is mounted on the column 5 via the rails so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction. A tool is mounted on the spindle head 9, and the spindle head 9 is parallel to the Z-axis. A main shaft 11 that rotates around an axis is assembled.

The front part of the bed 3 (the left part of the bed in FIG. 1) is formed in a wide horizontal plane, and when viewed from the front side of the machine (see FIGS. 2 and 3), along the both sides of the plane, Guide rails 13, 13 extending in the Z-axis direction are provided, respectively.
The table 21 is assembled so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction across the guide rail. On the table 21, a pallet 19 on which a scale 15 on which a work 15 disposed opposite to a tool is detachably fixed is fixedly mounted is detachably fixed via a pallet positioning device 23.

As described above, since the pallet positioning device 23 is provided between the table 21 and the pallet 19, a pallet changing device (not shown) is used while holding the work 15 and the scale 17. The pallet 19 can be automatically and detachably fixed to a predetermined position of the table 15. That is, the work 15 before processing and the work 15 after processing can be automatically replaced from the table 21 while being attached to the pallet 19.

The scale 17 and the work 15 are, of course, separately removable. A pair of brackets 25 and 27 are provided in the center of the upper part of the front part of the bed 3 side by side in the Z-axis direction. It is pivotally supported via support bearings 31 fitted to the bracket. Among the brackets, a Z-axis feed motor 33 is mounted on the front side of a motor bracket 25 disposed on the front side of the bed 3, thereby driving the ball screw 29.

On the other hand, an extended nut bracket is provided at the lower center of the table 21 in a region intersecting with the ball screw 29, and a feed screw nut 37 screwed to the ball screw 29 is fitted thereto. Of the Z-axis feed means. By driving and controlling the Z-axis feed motor 33, it is possible to control the Z-axis direction feed of the table 21 on the bed 3 and thus the Z-axis position of the work 15 with respect to the tool and the main shaft 11.

Referring to FIG. 2, a telescopic cover 35, which covers the ball screw 29 from the upper side and the side and opens downward, is provided with a feed screw means exposed when the table 21 is moved in the Z-axis direction. Is a movable cover that protects the chip from chips and the like, and expands and contracts without any gap in the Z-axis direction. When the front side of the bed 3 is viewed from the front, it is necessary to install chip discharging means between a pair of Z-axis guide rails 13, that is, in a recess formed at the front upper center of the bed 3. A trough 39 having a sufficient width and depth is mounted via a mounting seat 41.

However, the extension end of the trough 39 is stopped in front of the rear step of the bed 3 (see FIG. 1). The chip discharge means is accommodated in the bottom surface of the trough 39. Referring to FIG. 1, sprockets are respectively mounted on the front and rear ends of the trough 39, and an endless chain 43 is extended between the two. along,
A chip conveyor 47 is formed by mounting a plurality of scrapers 45 at substantially equal intervals in parallel with the X-axis direction.
The shape of the scraper 45 is such that a gap formed between the bottom surface on the trough 39 side and the chain 43 is closed.

The mounting seat 41 for separating the bed 3 from the trough 39 is provided with a gap for preventing heat such as chips transported by the chip conveyor 47 from being conducted to the bed 3 during transportation and causing thermal expansion distortion. Form. The width of the trough 39 is substantially the same as the distance between a pair of telescopic covers 53 connected to opposing lower edges of a pair of inclined plates 51 attached to the lower sides of a splash guard 49 described later, and has a longer length. The bed starts from the front of the rear side of the bed 3 and extends forward from the front end of the bed 3, and a chip discharge opening 55 is provided below the end.

The trough 39 extends to an area for receiving all of the chips collected by the inclined plate 51 and the telescopic cover 35, and the chip conveyor 47 is driven clockwise (see FIG. 1), and Is moved to the discharge opening 55. A processing liquid tank 57 is arranged below the opening 55 so that chips carried by the chip conveyor 47 and falling from the opening 55 are received together with the processing liquid.

The telescopic covers 53, 5
3 is a rear step of the bed 3 and a table 21 respectively.
Between table 21 and splash guard 4 to be described later.
9 so as to cover the space between the work piece 9 and the front side plate, so that the sliding surface of the table 21, that is, the bed 3
This is a movable cover that protects the Z-axis guide rails 13, 13, guides the chips dropped on the surface of the inclined plate 51, and collects the chips on the chip conveyor 47.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the splash guard 49 covers the processing portion of the work 15 from the outside,
In addition to guarding the machining fluid and chips from scattering to the outside, it has the function of protecting workers from danger caused by rotation of the tool and scattering of chips. The inclined plate 51 mentioned earlier,
51 is attached to the lower left and right sides of the splash guard 49 so that chips and machining fluid can be supplied to the Z-axis guide rail 1 of the bed 3.
It prevents falling on 3,13. Inclined plates 51, 5
By increasing the inclination angle of 1, chips do not adhere and stay on the inclined surface.

The portion of the rear plate of the splash guard 49, into which the spindle head 9 penetrates, has a double window structure of an XY cover 59, an X cover 61 and a Y cover 63 from inside as shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 3, XY cover 59 is fixed to the rear portion of splash guard 49 (constituting the main body of splash guard 49).
A substantially rectangular hole 59a is formed. At the rear of the XY cover 59 (the back side when viewed from the front of the machine),
An X cover 61 is provided so as to cover the center of 9a from behind, and an elongated hole 61a is formed. At the rear of the X cover 61, a Y cover 63 is provided so as to cover the center of the punched hole 61a from behind, and the spindle head 9 passes through the center.

Further, the left and right ends of the X cover 61 and the fixing plate 6
Movable covers 61b, 61b made of a telescopic cover member such as a telescopic cover are attached between the movable covers 1b, 1c and 61c, respectively. Similarly, between the upper and lower ends of the Y cover 63 and the fixed plates 63b, 63b, the movable covers 63a,
63a are attached respectively. Therefore, the X cover 61 and the movable covers 61b, 61b always cover the punched hole 59a, which is the moving range of the spindle head 9 in the X-axis direction, and the Y cover 63 and the movable covers 63a, 63b.
a, covers the hole 61a, which is the range of movement in the Y-axis direction, and moves the spindle head 9 in the X, Y-axis directions without interference between the outer peripheral portion of the spindle head 9 and the inner peripheral edges of the hole 59a, 61a. Can be moved relatively.

With such a configuration, the spindle head 9 moves in the X and Y axis directions inside the hole 59a of the XY cover 59. Therefore, the XY cover 59
In the range of movement of the spindle head 9 in the X and Y axis directions,
It is sufficient to form the minimum hole 59a, and if the corner portion is formed in an R shape, the size can be further reduced. Accordingly, the inclination angle of the inclined plates 51, 51 of the splash guard 49 can be increased, which contributes to the prevention of chip accumulation. Here, since the XY cover 59, the X cover 61 and the Y cover 63 have a thin plate shape, chips hardly accumulate on the inner peripheral edges of the holes 59a and 61a.

Next, a vertical machining center will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is the same as the horizontal machining center of FIG. 1 except for the spindle and the planar cover around the spindle head, and is denoted by the same reference numerals. Table 2 on the front side of L-shaped bed 30 of vertical machining center
A trough 39 for assembling the chip discharging means having the same structure as that of the horizontal machining center is installed in the lower portion of the bed 1 in the left and right direction in the figure, and the chip discharging opening of the chip discharging means is arranged at the front end of the bed 3. . Further, a driving means for moving the table 21 in the front-rear direction is also arranged at the front end of the bed 3. The description of the inclined plate for collecting chips, the telescopic cover, etc. is omitted, but it is almost the same as the horizontal machining center, so please refer to it.

As described above, the same technical means as the horizontal machining center can be applied to the vertical machining center. In this case, the functions and effects to be performed are the same as those of the above-mentioned horizontal machining center. According to the embodiment of the present invention, since the splash guard having the inclined portion and the telescopic cover that expands and contracts in the horizontal direction are provided, chips do not bite between the cover members. Further, since the chips are discharged from the front of the machine, it is not necessary to provide a hole inside the rear portion of the bed, and the rigidity of the bed can be maintained. Further, since a feed moving means such as a ball screw and a drive motor for moving the table in the front-rear direction is provided at the front of the machine, it is not necessary to provide a hole inside the rear portion of the bed, and the rigidity of the bed can be maintained.

[0029]

According to the present invention, since a chip receiver having a concave shape is provided below the table and along the moving direction of the table, chips generated when machining a workpiece can be directly in the chip receiver or on the cover. Fall along and hardly accumulate around the table. Particularly in the case of a machine tool having a horizontal spindle head, most of the chips fall directly into the concave chip receiver from the gap between the table and the column.

A chip discharge means is provided in the chip receiver, and chips are automatically discharged outside the machine. Only one chip receiver needs to be provided below the table, and the size of the machine can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a horizontal machining center according to an embodiment of the machine tool of the present invention, showing a section taken along line II in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the horizontal machining center according to the embodiment, taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the horizontal machining center according to the embodiment, taken along line III-III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the overall schematic configuration of the vertical machining center.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Horizontal machining center 3 ... Bed 5 ... Column 9 ... Spindle head 11 ... Spindle 15 ... Work 21 ... Table 29 ... Ball screw 33 ... Z-axis drive motor 37 ... Feed nut 39 ... Trough 43 ... Chain 45 ... Scraper 47 ... Chip conveyor 49 ... Splash guard 51 ... Incline plate 53 ... Telescopic cover 59 ... XY cover 59a ... Drilled hole 61 ... X cover 61a ... Drilled hole 61b ... Movable cover 61c ... Fixed plate 63 ... Y cover 63a ... Movable cover 63b ... Fixed plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Naozumi Tanikawa 3560-1, Katsuyama-mura, Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi Prefecture Inside Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-91457 (JP, A) JP-A-4- 283041 (JP, A) JP-A-61-103754 (JP, A) JP-A-64-30141 (JP, U) U.S. Pat. No. 5,818,989 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB) Name) B23Q 11/00 B23Q 11/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A machine tool for processing a work by relatively moving a work and a tool in three directions of X, Y, and Z axes, wherein a spindle head having a main spindle on which the tool is mounted has right and left heads.
In which the workpiece is placed
In a machine tool in which the table moves in the front-rear direction on the bed, the table is located at the center of the table over the entire range of movement of the table in the front-rear direction.
A bed in which a recess for receiving a chip receiver is formed , a table that moves in the front-rear direction across the recess of the bed, and a moving range of the table in the front-rear direction in the recess of the bed.
Attached throughout the enclosure to accommodate falling chips
A chip receiver formed of a thin sheet member having a concave shape to cover the guide for moving the table in the front-rear direction, and covering the entire range of movement of the table in the front-rear direction.
A cover for guiding the chips to the chip receiver, and a left and right side for surrounding the machining area and guiding the chips to the cover.
Splash guard with a sloping part that slopes from the top
If, to form a rear wall of said splash guard, said spindle head
To cover the horizontal and vertical movement guides
And a front and rear of the table in the center of the bed.
In the recess formed over the entire range of movement
A machine tool characterized in that chips are dropped and collected in the recessed chip receiver . 2. A machine tool for processing a work by relatively moving a work and a tool in three directions of X, Y, and Z axes, wherein a column moves left and right at a rear portion on a bed.
The spindle head having a horizontal spindle to which the tool is mounted is the
The work moves vertically at the front of the column, and the work is
In a machine tool in which a table to be moved in the front-rear direction at a front portion on a bed, the table has a central portion extending over the entire moving range of the table in the front-rear direction.
A bed in which a recess for receiving a chip receiver is formed , a table that moves in the front-rear direction across the recess of the bed, and a moving range of the table in the front-rear direction in the recess of the bed.
Attached throughout the enclosure to accommodate falling chips
A chip receiver made of a thin sheet member having a concave shape, and provided at a front portion and a rear portion of the table so as to cover a guide for movement of the table, and are moved by the table.
Move over the entire range of movement of the table in the front-rear direction.
A movable cover for guiding the chips to the chip receiver, and for surrounding the machining area and guiding the chips to the movable cover.
A splash guard having an inclined portion inclined in a valley shape from the left and right, and a rear wall of the splash guard is formed, and the main shaft is formed.
An opening protruding into the processing area, wherein the column and
Of the column and the spindle head.
A planar cover provided so as to cover the guide of movement, the provided within receiving concave chips, comprising a chip discharge means for discharging the dropped chips to the outside of the apparatus, and the central portion of the bed Front and back of the table
In the recess formed over the entire range of movement
A machine tool characterized in that chips are dropped and collected in the recessed chip receiver .