JP3013929B1 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Kind Code: A1 A shield excavation method that simplifies and improves the efficiency of assembling a segment, reduces the amount of excavated soil, and supports a soil pressure load with a reinforced segment without deforming the segment. And a shield machine. An erector (6) for covering a steel pipe segment (S) having an arc-shaped cross section having a circumferential length divided into two or three in the circumferential direction on the inner surface of a tunnel is provided. Excavator body 2 which is arranged in a fitted state
The load transmitting member 18 is connected to the
8 and a pair of arm members 24a capable of moving back and forth to the left and right sides.
Mechanism 24 having
And a stopper member 25 for receiving the arm member 24a from the side opposite to the excavation direction is provided, so that the bolting operation and the like are reduced, and the segment assembling operation is simplified. .

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to the sheet relates Rudo excavator, Jer especially lining the two-division or three steel split body segments divided <br/> the cross-section arcuate tunnel inner circumferentially
The present invention relates to a shield machine equipped with a shield machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield excavator is widely used as a drilling device for constructing various shield tunnels (water and sewage tunnels, subway tunnels, communication cable tunnels, tunnels for common ditch, etc.) by a shield method. ing. Generally, this shield excavator generally includes an excavator main body, a cutter head rotatably provided at a front end of the excavator main body, a driving mechanism for driving the cutter head to rotate forward and reverse, and an outer surface of the excavator main body. An erector arranged in the rear trunk for lining the tunnel inner surface with a plurality of segments each time a predetermined length is excavated in a tunnel axial direction (hereinafter, simply referred to as an axial direction), and a plurality of shield jacks. , And earth removal facilities. The shield jack takes a reaction force at the front end of the reinforced segment to propel the excavator body during excavation. The earth discharging facility has a function of carrying excavated soil excavated by the cutter head and muddy water containing the excavated soil to the ground.

Conventionally, a concrete segment or a steel skin plate having a predetermined length in the axial direction and a plurality of (generally 6 or 7) divided inner circumferential surfaces of the tunnel in the axial direction and a beam member are used as the segments. Steel segments consisting of ribs and the like are applied. These concrete segments and steel segments have a predetermined thickness (a predetermined girder member height for a steel segment) (specifically, a thickness of about 100 to 175 mm) in order to withstand the external pressure of earth and water. ) Is applied.

When assembling the segment on the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel, the excavation of the tunnel is stopped every time the tunnel is excavated for a predetermined length (for one ring). Only the rod portion is retracted to form a gap at the segment assembling position. Other shield jacks transfer earth pressure loads to the lining segments. As described above, most of the plurality of shield jacks are always supported so that the excavator main body does not retreat under the earth pressure load.

[0005] Subsequently, the segments are gripped by an erector and temporarily assembled at the above-described segment assembly position in the gap. Thereafter, the shield jack is pressed behind the rod portion of the shield jack and assembled. In this manner, a plurality of segments are sequentially assembled on the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel, and a segment ring for one ring is assembled. The segments adjacent in the circumferential direction and the axial direction are connected by bolts and nuts using a bolt fastening device or the like provided on the erector.

On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 10-148098 discloses a shield machine which does not require bolts and nuts for connecting segments. In other words, a ring-shaped steel pipe segment having a predetermined length in the axial direction and divided at one point in the circumferential direction (hereinafter simply referred to as a steel pipe segment) is applied to the shield machine. Are sequentially lined. In order to lining the inner surface of the tunnel with the steel pipe segment, a gripper support pipe extending through the rear body of the shield machine and extending rearward in the center of the tunnel, and a steel pipe provided in an outer fitting manner on the gripper support pipe. An expansion device for expanding the segment in the radially expanding direction and a grip device are provided.

The grip device includes a pair of grippers provided on the rear portion of the gripper support tube projecting rearward from the rear end of the rear trunk, and a pair of the grippers that can be axially moved to the gripper support tube. It has a cylindrical body to support and a position switching mechanism for switching the axial position of the cylindrical body. The cylindrical body is slidably fitted to the gripper support tube, and when the pair of grippers is brought into a grip function state, the cylinder body is elastically deformed to be fixed to the gripper support tube. Each of the pair of grippers has a hydraulic cylinder fixed radially at a position equally divided into four parts in a circumferential direction of an outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical body, and a grip member connected to a rod tip of the hydraulic cylinder.

When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is extended, the four grip members come into close contact with the inner surface of the reinforced steel pipe segment, and the cylinder body is elastically deformed to be in a gripping state. The support tube is firmly fixed. Therefore, the soil water pressure load is transmitted from the gripper support pipe to the cylinder, transmitted to the grip member via the hydraulic cylinder, and transmitted to the reinforced steel pipe segment.

[0009]

In the case of applying a plurality of segments divided in the circumferential direction of the tunnel as described above, each time the tunnel is dug a predetermined length, the plurality of segments are lifted one by one to the inner surface of the tunnel. Position
The axially and circumferentially adjacent segments must be bolted respectively. As described above, since the number of segment divisions is large, the load of the segment assembling operation and the bolt joining operation is increased, and the operation time of the segment assembling operation is lengthened.

Since the segment has a predetermined thickness, the inner diameter of the tunnel to be excavated is set to be, for example, smaller than the inner diameter of the segment ring in consideration of the thickness in order to obtain the desired inner diameter of the segment ring. 200mm ~ 35
It must be about 0 mm larger. Therefore, the amount of excavated soil to be excavated is increased, and a large shield excavator is required, resulting in poor excavation efficiency.

In the shield machine described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-148098, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder of the grip device is extended to prevent the body of the machine from retreating by earth pressure when the excavation is stopped. The four grip members are firmly gripped by pressing and contacting the inner surface of the reinforced steel pipe segment, and the soil water pressure load is finally transmitted to the reinforced steel pipe segment. However, the soil water pressure load varies depending on the depth from the ground.
It is as large as ~ 300 tons.

In this case, the pressing force of the gripper is about 500 to 1500 tons when the friction coefficient of the gripper is 0.2.
n. When the inner surface of the steel pipe segment is pressed orthogonally by such a large pressing force, there is a problem that the steel pipe segment is deformed and water leaks from a joint connecting the steel pipe segments. The segments to be assembled are ring-shaped (two or three steel tube segments are integrated) and assembled to the existing segment.
If a reaction force is taken by the shield jack, there is a problem that the shield jack interferes.

[0013] It is an object of the present invention to simplify and increase the efficiency of assembling the segments, reduce the amount of excavated soil, and support the soil pressure load with the reinforced segments without deforming the segments. , Etc.

[0014]

A shield excavating device according to claim 1.
The excavator consists of the body of the excavator and the front and rear of the outer surface of the body of the excavator.
Rotate the torso, cutter head, and cutter head
Head driving means and a plurality of shield jacks
The excavator on the conveyor of the earth removal equipment
A cylindrical tube connected to the excavator body
Provide a load transmitting member and divide the inner circumference of the tunnel into two parts in the circumferential direction.
Is an arc-shaped steel pipe division having a circumferential length divided into three
Elec holding body segment and lining inside tunnel
The erector can be rotated as a load transmitting member.
And tunneling more than reinforced segments
Multiple pipe segment segments in a ring shape on the front side
The erector is divided into steel pipes.
A segment gripping means for gripping a body segment
Te, segment coercive jig for holding steel tube divided body segment
And both ends in the circumferential direction of the steel pipe segment in the tunnel
At least one pair of first spreader mechanisms extendable to a surface
The load transmitting member is provided.
Equipped with a pair of arm members that can move forward and backward on both sides
The gripping mechanism and the inside of the reinforced steel pipe segment
Digging a pair of left and right arm members of the grip mechanism fixed to the surface
With a plurality of stopper members received from the opposite side
And it is characterized in the this provided a soil pressure load support apparatus having.

When excavating the shield, excavation is performed while applying a reaction force to the front end of the reinforced segment with a plurality of shield jacks. Each time one ring of the segment ring is excavated in the axial direction, the inner surface of the excavated tunnel is lined with a steel pipe segment having an arc-shaped cross section by an erector. During this lining, the excavation was stopped and the soil pressure load was supported.
Extend a pair of arm members of the grip mechanism of the device to the left and right sides
Fixed to the inner surface of the lined steel pipe segment
Received multiple stopper members from the side opposite to the excavation direction
Thereafter, the rod of the shield jack is contracted , and a plurality of steel pipe segment segments are assembled into a ring-shaped segment ring by an erector on the forward side of the reinforced segment in the excavation direction.

At this time, in the erector,
Steel tube segment with segment holder of segment gripping means
And a pair of first spreader mechanisms
Both ends in the circumferential direction of the steel pipe segment are placed inside the tunnel.
Assemble the pipe segment while expanding. Subsequently, the plurality of shield jacks are extended to move the segment ring to the wrapped segment side, abut on the front end of the wrapped segment, and sequentially wrap.

Since the number of segments in the circumferential direction of the segment is reduced to two or three, at least the bolting operation is reduced, and the operation time of the segment assembling operation is shortened.
Since the segment of the steel pipe segment is assembled into a ring-shaped segment ring by an erector and the segment ring is moved and covered, the segment assembling operation is simplified. Further, the assembly accuracy error can be easily corrected. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened .

[0018] Before Kido hydraulic load support device, since it has a stopper member for receiving the arm member from the side opposite to the excavation direction, necessary to support the soil pressure load by applying a large pressing force to the inner surface of the steel pipe divided body segment Therefore, a thin steel pipe segment segment can be applied. Therefore, the amount of excavated soil can be reduced. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the size of the shield machine.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine according to the first aspect.
In the invention, the pair of first switches is provided to the erector.
In parallel with the feeder mechanism, around the steel pipe segment
A pair of second ends that can be extended to the inside of the tunnel
A spreader mechanism is provided.
For example, a newly assembled steel pipe segment
While expanding with the first spreader mechanism, the steel
The pipe segment is expanded by a pair of second spreader mechanisms.
Can be stretched.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine.
In the second invention, the first spreader mechanism is made of steel
Fitting of flange joint at circumferential end of pipe segment
Having a hydraulic jack for clamps that can be inserted into and removed from the holes
It is characterized by the following. The first spreader mechanism
Around the steel pipe segment by hydraulic pump jack
The flange joint at the opposite end can be clamped.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine according to the second aspect.
In the invention, the first spreader mechanism comprises a spreader.
For holding the spreader member and the spreader member.
The hydraulic cylinder and the gripping hydraulic cylinder can be driven to swing.
A hydraulic cylinder for oscillating.
The spreader mechanism transfers the spreader member and the spreader member.
A hydraulic cylinder for gripping that can be dynamically driven and a hydraulic cylinder for gripping
A swing hydraulic cylinder capable of swinging the cylinder
It is characterized by the following.

In the first and second spreader mechanisms,
S, steel component a spray spreader member by gripping the hydraulic cylinder
To the split hydraulic cylinder
The spreader member is driven to swing.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following description also includes a description of the shield excavation method. Note that the front, rear, left, and right directions toward the excavation direction will be described as front, rear, left, and right. The shield excavation method and the shield excavator according to the present embodiment cover the inner surface of the tunnel using a steel pipe segment having an arc-shaped cross section having a circumferential length obtained by dividing the inner periphery of the tunnel into two or three in the circumferential direction. Shield excavation method and shield excavation machine.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shield machine 1 includes an excavator main body 2, a front trunk 2a and a rear trunk 2b on the outer surface of the excavator main body 2, and a front end of the excavator main body 2. a cutter head 3 which is rotatably provided, mosquito Ttaheddo 3
Drive mechanism 4 for rotating and driving, for example, ten shield jacks 5, an erector 6, and an earth discharging facility 7
, A load transmitting member 18, an earth pressure load supporting device 23, and the like. The front trunk 2a and the rear trunk 2b are connected via a center bent part 8 and a plurality of center bent jacks 9, and the cutter head 3
Are provided with a plurality of cutter spokes 3a and a number of cutter bits (not shown) attached to the front end of the cutter spokes 3a. The head drive mechanism 4 includes a plurality of hydraulic drive motors 4a and the like. The head drive mechanism 4 is fixed to a front end of the excavator main body 2, that is, a vertical partition wall 10 in the inside of the front trunk 2a, and drives the cutter head 3 to rotate forward and reverse.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 7, and 8, a plurality of frame members 11 are protruded along the inner surface of the rear trunk 2b, and a ring frame 12 is fixed to the front surfaces of these frame members 11. Have . Of shielded jack 5 is mounted in the rearward facing circumferentially appropriate intervals to the ring frame 12. These shield jacks 5 have a function of abutting and assembling the front end of the reinforced segment Sb during excavation . During segment assembling uses these shield jacks 5, by moving the segment ring Sa to lining already segment Sb side, assembled into contact with the front end of the lining already segment Sb. The segment ring Sa is formed by assembling a steel pipe segment S (hereinafter simply referred to as a segment) having an arc-shaped cross section and having a circumferential length obtained by dividing an inner circumference of a tunnel into two in the circumferential direction, and being assembled into a ring shape by an erector 6. Things.

At the rear end of the shield jack 5, there is provided a press ring 45 formed in a substantially arc shape (in the present embodiment, a semi-circle arc) along the arc of the section S. The thrust of the shield jack 5 is transmitted to the segment S via the press ring 45. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of inner fitting engagement pieces 1 that can be internally fitted to the inner surface of the front end of the reinforced segment Sb are provided at the rear end of the segment S.
3 are welded in advance, and by fitting these inner fitting engagement pieces 13 to the inner surface of the front end of the reinforced segment Sb,
The continuity of the inner surfaces of the segment ring Sa and the reinforced segment Sb is ensured. The segment S is, for example, 19
mm.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Is a screw conveyor 14 for carrying excavated soil excavated by the cutter head 3 and muddy water containing the excavated soil to the ground.
Having. The front end of the screw conveyor 14 is
The screw conveyor 14 is provided at the rear end thereof with a driving device 14b for rotationally driving a screw 14a.
A discharging port 14c is formed at a position slightly ahead of the driving device 14b of the screw conveyor 14, and the cutter head 3
The excavated soil excavated in the above and muddy water containing the excavated soil are introduced into the screw conveyor 14 from inside the chamber 17, discharged from the discharging port 14 c and carried out to the ground by a transport conveyor (not shown) or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the load transmitting member 18 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and
The screw conveyor 14 is disposed so as to be fitted over the horizontal portion in the front-rear direction. A ring-shaped connecting member 19 is connected to the outer periphery of the front end side of the load transmitting member 18, and the connecting member 19 is connected to the rear trunk 2b. The first ring member 20 is fixed to the outer periphery of the connecting member 19, and the connecting members 21a and 21a are fixed to the outer periphery of the first ring member 20.
The second ring member 22 is connected via 1b. The second ring member 22 is connected to the rear trunk 2b via the ring frame 12.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, the rear end of the load transmitting member 18 is connected to a ring-shaped supporting member 16 and supported by a supporting device 15. This support device 15
Are disposed at the lower portion in the reinforced segment Sb, and a pair of support devices 15 are provided with legs 15a which are respectively erected in the vertical direction. The load transmitting member 18 is provided with a soil pressure load supporting device 23 at a position slightly forward of the support member 16.
And a plurality of stopper members 25.

The grip mechanism 24 includes a pair of arm members 24a mounted on the load transmitting member 18 and capable of moving back and forth to the left and right sides, and a pair of hydraulic cylinders 24b for driving the pair of arm members 24a to move forward and backward. . The stopper members 25 protrude radially inward from the inner surface of the segment S, respectively, and a pair of arm members 2 protruded by a pair of hydraulic cylinders 24b.
4a is received and locked from the side opposite to the excavation direction (that is, from behind). Therefore, the soil pressure load is transmitted from the cutter head 3 to the gripping mechanism 24 via the load transmitting member 18, and transmitted to and supported by the reinforced segment Sb via the stopper member 25.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the load transmitting member 1
A tubular outer member 26 is externally fixed to a middle part of the front and rear part 8 in the front-rear direction, and a cylindrical rotary drum 30 is rotatably mounted on the outer member 26. Outer member 26
Has a large-diameter flange portion 26a on the front end side and a small-diameter flange portion 26b on the rear end side. Large diameter flange 2
A drum rotation drive motor 27 for rotating and driving the drum 6a of the erector 6 is fixed to 6a, a pinion gear 27a is fixed to a motor shaft of the drum rotation drive motor 27, and a ring gear 28 meshes with the pinion gear 27a. I have. The ring gear 28 includes a ball bearing 28 a and the like, is fixed to the rotating drum 30 and rotates integrally, and the inner ring side of the ball bearing 28 a is fixed to the large-diameter flange portion 26 a of the outer member 26.

A ball bearing 29 is also provided on the front surface of the small-diameter flange portion 26b. The inner ring side of the ball bearing 29 is fixed to the small-diameter flange portion 26b of the outer member 26, and the outer ring side is fixed to the rotary drum 30. Accordingly, the rotation drive of the drum rotation drive motor 27 causes the pinion gear 27a to rotate, the ring gear 28 to rotate, and the rotary drum 30 to rotate.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 9, the erector 6 is provided with a sliding bearing 31 mounted on a rotary drum 30 and movable in the front-rear direction. It has an erector body 32 that is driven to rotate by a motor 27, a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) for moving the erector body 32 and the slide bearing 31 in the front-rear direction, and a movable frame 33. The erector body 32 has a pair of left and right guide cylinders 34.
Are fixed, and a first hydraulic cylinder 35 for moving the segment S to the outside in the radial direction, that is, the inner surface of the tunnel, is trunnion-supported on the rear surface of each guide cylinder 34.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, the movable frame 3
Reference numeral 3 denotes a movable frame main body 33a disposed along a direction orthogonal to the tunnel axis direction, and a movable frame main body 33a provided on the movable frame main body 33a and projecting in a direction orthogonal to both the movable frame main body 33a and the axial direction. And a pair of left and right guide rods 33b. These one pair of guide rods 33
b is slidably guided by a pair of guide cylinders 34, and the movable frame body 33a is connected to the rod portion 35a of the first hydraulic cylinder 35.
It is connected to. Therefore, the movable frame 33 is
The guide rod 33b is slidably guided by the guide cylinder 34 by the driving of the hydraulic cylinder 35, and the movable frame main body 33a moves in the radial direction of the tunnel (the vertical direction in FIG. 9).

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 9, the erector 6 has a segment holding device 36 for holding the segment S.
It has a spreader mechanism 37, a second spreader mechanism 38, and a segment holder 39. As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 9, and FIG.
As described above, the first spreader mechanism 37 is integrally connected to the erector 6, and is supported by the guide cylinder 34 of the erector 6 so as to be swingable.
A first spreader 37b connected to the tip of the rod of the segment gripping hydraulic cylinder 37a; and a hydraulic jack 40 for clamping and dismounting (contained in a recess formed in the tip of the first spreader 37b). Hydraulic jack)
And a swing driving hydraulic cylinder 37c for swinging the segment holding hydraulic cylinder 37a about an axis parallel to the tunnel axis.

The segment holding hydraulic cylinder 37a is integrally fixed in, for example, a channel-shaped plate member or a cylindrical member. The swing drive hydraulic cylinder 37c has a cylinder body that is trunnion-supported by the guide cylinder 34, and has a rod portion connected to the above-described plate-like member or tubular member. Therefore, by moving the rod portion of the swing drive hydraulic cylinder 37c back and forth, the hydraulic cylinder 37a is swung to move the first spreader 37b and position the hydraulic jack for fitting 40 with respect to the segment S.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the hydraulic jack 40 includes a jack body 40a and a rod, and the rod is fixed to the first spreader 37b.
The jack body 40a moves back and forth from the recess of the first spreader 37b by supplying and discharging hydraulic pressure. A jack body 40 is attached to the flange joint portions 41 provided at both ends of the segment S.
The fitting holes 41a for fitting a are formed respectively.

As shown in FIG . 2 , the second spreader mechanism 3
8 is between the first spreader mechanism 37 and the ring gear 28
, Is integrally connected to the rotating drum 30.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 11 and 26, the second spreader mechanism 38 includes a segment holding hydraulic cylinder 38 a swingably supported by the rotary drum 30 and a tip end of the hydraulic cylinder 38 a. The second spreader 38 disposed
b, and a swing driving hydraulic cylinder 38c for swinging the hydraulic cylinder 38a about an axis parallel to the axis.

The hydraulic cylinder 38a is also integrally fixed in, for example, a channel-shaped plate-like member or a tubular member, similarly to the hydraulic cylinder 37a.
The swing drive hydraulic cylinder 38c has a cylinder body that is trunnion-supported by the rotary drum 30, and a rod portion side of which is connected to the above-described plate-like member or tubular member. Therefore, by moving the rod portion of the hydraulic cylinder 38c back and forth, the hydraulic cylinder 38a is swung and the second spreader 38
Move b.

As shown in FIG. 3, the segment holder 39 is provided on the movable frame main body 33a and protrudes outward in the radial direction. The segment holder 39 has a protrusion 4 formed in the middle of the circumferential length of the segment S.
2 (see FIG. 13) is formed to be sandwiched from front and rear,
A through hole is formed in the projection 42 in a direction parallel to the tunnel axis, and a communication hole communicating with the through hole is formed in the segment holder 39. The segment holder 39 includes a suspending pin that can be pushed in through the through hole and the communication hole, and the segment S is gripped by the segment holder 39 by pushing the connecting pin.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the segment S
After being carried into the tunnel from the rear shaft, the segment fixed frame 43 (hereinafter, referred to as “elastically deformed”)
It is mounted on a segment carrier (not shown) and transported in a state of being fixed to a fixed frame (horizontal direction of the segment S). Thereafter, the segment S is changed in direction, transported by the segment transport device 44, transported to the position above the slider K, and supplied to the segment gripping device 36 of the erector 6. Fixed frame 43
Are formed in a curved shape along the inner peripheral surface of the segment S. The segment S is supported along the outer peripheral side of the fixed frame 43, the flange joint portions 41 at both ends thereof are fixed to both end portions 43 a of the fixed frame 43 by bolts or the like, and the projections 42 of the segment S are fixed to the fixed frame 43. It is locked in the concave portion 43b at the top.

The segment transport device 44 is for transporting the segment S fixed to the fixed frame 43 from the segment transport vehicle to the position above the slider K, and the transport frame 44a extends in the front-rear direction and is higher than the middle stage. It is located slightly above. Transport frame 44
Rotating rollers 44b are rotatably arranged at predetermined intervals at a, and these rotating rollers 44b are provided one by one on the left and right, and are arranged obliquely in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the fixed frame 43. I have.

A single guide groove portion 44c is provided in the center of the upper part of the transport frame 44a in the left-right direction in a front-rear direction, and a convex portion 43c which is fitted into and guided by the guide groove portion 44c is formed on the fixed frame 43. Have been. The fixed frame 43 is conveyed by the rotation drive of the rotation roller 44b while being guided by the guide grooves 44c over the conveyance frame 44a. The segment transport device 44 includes:
A drive system (not shown) for rotating the rotation roller 44b.
Is also provided.

Next, the operation of the shield machine 1 will be described. At the time of tunnel excavation, while applying a reaction force to the front end of the reinforced segment Sb via the press ring 45 by the plurality of shield jacks 5 and extending the shield jacks 5, the plurality of hydraulic drive motors 4a are moved. The cutter head 3 is driven to rotate and excavate.
Each time one ring of the segment ring Sa is excavated, the segment S
Lining.

Next, the outline of the procedure for assembling the segment S is as shown in FIG. 14, and the assembling of the segment S will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 1,
As shown in FIG. 5, when lining the segment S, the drive of the hydraulic drive motor 4a is stopped to stop excavation. In this state, the pair of hydraulic cylinders 24b of the soil water pressure load supporting device 23 is driven to advance the pair of arm members 24a, receive them from the rear with the stopper members 25, and then retreat the ten shield jacks 5. Let it. As a result, a space for lining the segment S is formed, and the soil pressure load is transmitted from the cutter head 3 to the grip mechanism 24 of the soil pressure load supporting device 23 via the load transmitting member 18, and the stopper member 25 to the reinforced segment Sb. Segment S that has been reinforced with soil pressure load
By supporting with b, retreat of the shield machine 1 due to earth pressure is prevented.

On the other hand, the segment S is composed of an A-type segment SA having a semicircular cross section and a B-type segment SB having a semicircular cross section.
And the shape of the flange joint portion 41 is different. still,
The projecting direction of the flange joint portion 41 in a front view is formed so that the segments SA and SB are easily fitted to each other. The segment ring Sa is formed by connecting one A-type segment SA and one B-type segment SB in a ring shape. A type segment SA
The B-type segment SB is fixed to the fixed frame 43 in a state where the diameter thereof is reduced by elastic deformation during transportation. The fixed frame 43 to which the segment SA is fixed is mounted laterally on the segment carrier just below the shaft, and is carried to the carrier 44. Then, the fixed frame 43
Are turned by 90 ° and straddle the transport frame 44a.
The sheet is conveyed to the position above the slider K by the rotation drive of b.

As shown in FIG. 15, the fixed frame 43 with the segment SA is carried into the "P2" position in FIG. 1 by the slider K, and thereafter the first spreader mechanism 37 of the erector 6 is operated to operate only the segment SA. Is fixed. That is, the segment gripping hydraulic cylinder 37a and the swing driving hydraulic cylinder 37c are driven to push the first spreader 37b outward in the radial direction to fix the segment SA. Next, after removing the fixing frame 43 from the segment SA by removing the bolts for connecting the fixing frame 43 and the segment SA, the second spreader mechanism 38 is operated to enlarge the diameter of the segment SA. That is, the segment holding hydraulic cylinder 38a and the oscillating driving hydraulic cylinder 38c are driven to push the second spreader 38b radially outward to expand the segment SA.

As shown in FIG. 16, the connecting pin of the segment holder 39 is pushed in while the diameter of the segment SA is expanded, and the segment SA is gripped by the segment holder 39.
Subsequently, the first spreader mechanism 37 is operated to activate the segment S.
A is completely fixed to this erector 6 (segment S
A origin position). That is, the segment gripping hydraulic cylinder 37a and the swing driving hydraulic cylinder 37c are driven to move the first spreader 37b to position the fitting / disengaging hydraulic jack 40 with respect to the segment SA. Thereafter, the jack main body 40a of the fitting hydraulic jack 40 is protruded, and the jack main body 40a is fitted into the fitting hole 41a of the segment SA.

As shown in FIG. 17, the drum rotation drive motor 27 is driven to rotate the erector main body 32, and the segment SA is turned 90 degrees around the axis from the origin position. The erector body 32 is driven to move from the "P2" position to the "P1" position in FIG. Thereafter, the jack body 40a of the fitting hydraulic jack 40 is retracted, and the jack body 40a is disengaged from the fitting hole 41a of the segment SA.
7b and the segment SA are separated (see FIGS. 10 and 18).

Next, the pair of first hydraulic cylinders 35 are driven to move the movable frame 33 radially outward (to the right in FIG. 19), and to move the segment SA to the right. Further, the first spreader mechanism 37 is operated to perform the temporary positioning of the A-type segment SA (see FIG. 20). Thereafter, the connecting pin of the segment holder 39 is removed, the first hydraulic cylinder 35 is driven to move the movable frame 33 radially inward, and is separated from the segment SA. Next, the drum rotation drive motor 27 is driven to drive the
Is rotated 90 degrees in reverse to return to the origin position.

On the other hand, the fixed frame 43 from which the segment SA has been removed is sequentially transferred to the transport device 4 in the reverse order to the above.
4. It is transported backward by the segment transport trolley. Hereinafter, similarly, the B-type segment SB
Is fixed in a state where the diameter thereof is reduced by elastic deformation. Fixed frame 43
The guide groove 44c extends over the transport frame 44a.
Is transported to the position above the slider K by the rotation of the rotation roller 44b.

As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the fixed frame 43 to which the segment SB is fixed is attached to the slider K
To the position "P2" in FIG. 1, and thereafter the first spreader mechanism 37 of the erector 6 is operated to fix only the segment SB. That is, the segment holding hydraulic cylinder 37a and the swing driving hydraulic cylinder 37c are driven to push the first spreader 37b radially outward to fix the segment SB. Next, the bolts for connecting the fixed frame 43 and the segment SB are removed to remove the fixed frame 43 from the segment SB, and then the second spreader mechanism 38 is operated to expand the diameter of the segment SB. That is, the segment gripping hydraulic cylinder 38a and the swing driving hydraulic cylinder 38c are driven to drive the second spreader 38b.
Is pushed radially outward to expand the segment SB.

With the diameter of the segment SB expanded, the connecting pin of the segment holder 39 is pushed in, and the segment holder 3
9 holds the segment SB. Subsequently, the first spreader mechanism 37 is operated to move the segment SB to the erector 6.
(Origin position of segment SB). That is, the segment gripping hydraulic cylinder 37a and the swing driving hydraulic cylinder 37c are driven to drive the first spreader 37b.
To position the hydraulic jack 40 for disengagement with respect to the segment SB. Thereafter, the jack body 40a of the hydraulic jack 40 for fitting and unmating is made to protrude, and this jack body 40
a into the fitting hole 41a of the segment SB.

As shown in FIG. 23, the drum rotation drive motor 27 is driven to rotate the erector main body 32, and the segment SB is turned 90 degrees around the axis from the origin position so as to be opposed to the segment SA. At the same time, the erector body 32 is driven by driving the
From the "P2" position to the "P1" position.
Thereafter, the jack body 40a of the hydraulic jack 40
And the jack body 40a is disengaged from the fitting hole 41a of the segment SB to separate the first spreader 37b from the segment SB (see FIGS. 10 and 24).

Next, the pair of first hydraulic cylinders 35 are driven to move the movable frame 33 radially outward (to the left in FIG. 25), and to move the segment SB to the left. Further, the first spreader mechanism 37 is operated to perform the temporary positioning of the segment SB. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 26, the first hydraulic cylinder 35, the first spreader mechanism 37, and the second spreader mechanism 38 are operated to operate the segment SA.
, Segment SB and the flange joint 41 are aligned, and the segments SA and SB are assembled into one segment ring Sa by bolts.

The front end of the segment ring Sa is
The two shield jacks 5 are pressed simultaneously via the press ring 45, and the inner fitting engagement piece 13 at the rear end of the segment ring Sa is fitted inside the inner surface of the front end of the reinforced segment ring Sb. Thereby, the lining of the segment ring Sa is completed. After that, the pair of hydraulic cylinders 24b of the soil pressure load supporting device 23 is driven to retract the pair of arm members 24a to release the locking state with the stopper member 25, and finally, the latest lining is completed. The dimension of the segment ring Sb is measured.

According to the shield excavation method and the shield excavator 1 described above, since the number of divisions of the segment S in the circumferential direction is reduced to two, at least the bolt joining operation is significantly reduced, and the segment assembling operation is performed. Efficiency is improved. The segment S is assembled into a ring-shaped segment ring Sa by the erector 6, and this segment ring Sa is pressed by the ten shield jacks 5 into the press ring 4.
Since the lining is moved and moved simultaneously through the step 5, the segment assembling work is simplified and the assembling accuracy is improved. Therefore,
The construction period can be shortened.

At the rear end of the segment S, an inner fitting engagement piece 13 which can be fitted in the inner surface of the front end of the reinforced segment ring Sb is formed in advance, and the segment ring Sa is replaced with the reinforced segment ring. Since the inner surface of the front end of the Sb is fitted inside, the continuity of the inner surfaces of the segment ring Sa and the reinforced segment ring Sb is ensured, and the segment assembling operation is simplified.

The earth pressure load supporting device 23 includes the arm member 2
Stopper member 2 for receiving 4a from the side opposite to the excavation direction
5, it is not necessary to apply a large pressing force to the inner surface of the segment S to support the soil pressure load.
The thin segment S can be applied. Therefore, the amount of excavated soil can be reduced, and the shield machine 1 does not need to be large.

When the excavation is stopped, the segments SA and SB are assembled into a ring-shaped segment ring Sa by the erector 6 on the front side in the excavation direction from the lined segment ring Sb, and then ten shield jacks 5 are extended. Then, the segment ring Sa is moved to the reinforced segment ring Sb side to abut on the front end of the reinforced segment ring Sb and lining is performed, so that a part of the plurality of shield jacks is sequentially switched. The segment assembling operation is simplified as compared with the conventional segment assembling operation. Since the segment ring Sa is moved backward and assembled, the assembly accuracy is also improved.

Since the erector 6 has the segment gripping device 36 for gripping the segment S, the segment S is gripped by the segment gripping device 36 on the front side in the digging direction with respect to the reinforced segment ring Sb. It can be assembled to the segment ring Sa. The thrust of the five shield jacks 5 is applied to the segment S via one press ring 45 formed in a substantially arc shape.
Therefore, it is not necessary to control the shield jacks 5 individually, and the assembling work of the segments S and the excavation direction of the excavator body 2 are stabilized.

Next, a modified embodiment in which the above-described embodiment is partially modified will be described. A shield excavation method and a shield excavator for lining an inner surface of a tunnel by using a three-piece steel pipe segment will be described. As shown in FIG.
The segment is composed of a left segment SD having a 120-degree circular cross section obtained by dividing a circle into three equal parts, a right segment SE having a 120-degree circular cross section, and an upper segment SF having a 120-degree circular cross section. Left segment S
D, one right segment SE and one upper segment SF are connected in a ring shape.

In plan view, the left segment SD and the right segment SE are divided into right and left parts and connected by a lower flange joint 50, and the upper segment SF and the left segment S
D and the upper part of the right segment SE are connected by flange joints 51 and 52, respectively. The flange joint 5
The projecting directions of the first and second projections 52 are slightly different from the axial direction, and are formed in such a projecting direction that they can be fastened by a bolt fastening device of an erector.
SE and SF are easily fitted to each other.

An inner fitting engagement ring (not shown) is formed at the front end of the segment ring SR, and the inner fitting engagement ring is formed so as to be capable of being fitted inside the inner surface of the rear end of the same segment ring SR. ing. When lining this segment, the excavation is stopped, the earth pressure load support device is operated, a plurality of shield jacks are retracted, and the segment is lining the inner surface of the tunnel by an erector. Other operations and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment. In the present embodiment, a fixed frame for fixing the segment is not required, and the segment is mounted on the segment carrier in a horizontal direction and is directly transported to the erector. The transfer device and the like become unnecessary.

Next, a modified example will be described. 1) The segments SA and SB are each formed in a semicircular arc shape and assembled to form one segment ring, but the shape of one segment is not limited to a semicircular arc shape. However, one may be longer and the other shorter. However, also in this case, it must be finally formed into one segment ring. 1 divided into three equal parts
Similarly, for a segment having a 20-degree arc cross section, the shape of one segment is not limited to a 120-degree arc cross section, and the arc angle may be larger or smaller than 120 degrees.

2) Each of the segments SA and SB can be transported from the lower portion to the erector by a transport conveyor or the like without using the fixed frame 43, and can also be transported to the erector by using a hanging tool or the like. it can. As described above, when the segment is transported from the shaft to the erector, various transport modes can be applied. 3) A flange or the like formed at the end of the segment ring Sa may be used as the stopper member itself.

[0067]

According to the first aspect of the invention, the number of segments in the circumferential direction is reduced to two or three, so that at least the bolt joining operation is reduced, and the operation efficiency of the segment assembling operation is improved. . Steel pipe segment
Slight in front of the lining segment in the tunnel excavation direction
Because assembling the ring-shaped segment ring by erector Te, segment assembly work can be simplified and the assembling accuracy is improved. Since the movable range of the erector around the tunnel axis can be reduced by the smaller number of segments, the structure of the erector can be simplified.

Since the soil pressure load supporting device has the stopper member for receiving the arm member from the side opposite to the excavation direction, it is not necessary to support the soil pressure load by applying a large pressing force to the inner surface of the steel pipe segment. Therefore, even if a thin-walled steel pipe segment is applied, deformation of the steel pipe segment does not occur. Therefore, a thin-walled steel pipe segment can be used, and the amount of excavated soil can be reduced. The shield machine does not need to be large. Since the shield jack does not support the earth-water pressure load when the excavation is stopped, the shield jack can be configured as a small one having a relatively small capacity, and the number thereof can be reduced.

Since the erector has segment holding means for holding the steel pipe segment, the steel pipe segment can be safely held by the segment holding means and assembled into a ring-shaped segment ring.
At this time, the steel is
A pair of first spreaders holding a tube segment
Mechanism, the both ends in the circumferential direction of the steel pipe segment
It can be extended to the inside of the channel.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the erector
In parallel with the pair of first spreader mechanisms,
Extending around the both ends of the body segment in the circumferential direction to the inner surface of the tunnel
By providing a possible pair of second spreader mechanisms,
For example, the newly assembled steel pipe segment segments may be
While expanding with the spreader mechanism of
Split body segment extended with a pair of second spreader mechanisms
Can be made.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the first spray
The damping mechanism is used to divide the flange at the circumferential end of the steel pipe segment.
Hydraulic jack for clamp that can be inserted and removed from the fitting hole of the joint
The hydraulic jack for clamping
Clamp the flange joint at the circumferential end of the
Can be pumped.

According to the invention of claim 4, the first and second switches are provided.
In the feeder mechanism, each
The spreader member with respect to the pipe segment.
And the spreader member is oscillated by the oscillating hydraulic cylinder.
Can move.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the shield machine shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement relationship between a shield jack, a press ring, and a segment.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a main part of an erector of the shield machine.

10 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 2;

FIG. 14 is a chart showing a procedure for assembling segments.

FIG. 15 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a state where one segment is divided into two parts in the circumferential direction and is carried in;

FIG. 16 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a segment gripping state.

FIG. 17 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a segment turning state.

FIG. 18 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a separated state of a segment and a first spreader mechanism.

FIG. 19 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a moving state of a segment.

FIG. 20 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9, showing a segment positioning state.

FIG. 21 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9, showing a state of loading the other segment into two parts divided in the circumferential direction.

FIG. 22 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a segment gripping state.

FIG. 23 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a segment turning state.

FIG. 24 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9, showing a separated state of a segment and a first spreader mechanism.

FIG. 25 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9 showing a moving state of a segment.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing an assembled state of a segment ring.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing an assembling state of a segment divided into three.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 2 Excavator main body 2a Front trunk 2b Rear trunk 3 Cutter head 4 Head drive mechanism 5 Shield jack 6 Elector 7 Discharge facility Sa Segment ring Sb Lined segment S Steel pipe division segment 13 Inner fitting engagement piece 14 Screw conveyor 18 Load transmitting member 23 Soil pressure load supporting device 24 Grip mechanism 24a Arm member 24b Hydraulic cylinder 25 Stopper member 36 Segment gripping device 45 Press ring

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Mitsuo Shimizu, 1-3-1, Higashikawasakicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Head Office (72) Yoshio Sakai 1-1-1, Higashikawasakicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi No.3 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Head Office (56) References JP-A-10-148098 (JP, A) JP-A-10-149095 (JP, A) JP-A-10-121886 (JP, A) 3-32628 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 11/40 E21D 11/14

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An excavator body and an outer surface of the excavator body.
Rotate the torso and rear torso, cutter head, and cutter head.
Head driving means for rolling and multiple shield jacks
Shield excavator equipped with an excavator
A cylindrical load transmitting member connected to the machine body, and a circumferential length obtained by dividing the inner periphery of the tunnel into two or three in the circumferential direction
Gripping a steel pipe segment having an arc-shaped cross section
Erection is provided on the inner surface of the tunnel, and the erector is rotatably supported by the load transmitting member and
In the tunnel digging direction ahead of the lined segment
And assemble multiple pipe segment segments into a ring
In order to grasp a steel pipe segment by the erector,
Segment gripping means, wherein the steel pipe segment segments
Segment holding fixture for holding steel pipe segments
At least can be extended to the inside of the tunnel at both circumferential ends
Segment gripper having a pair of first spreader mechanisms
A pair of steps provided on the load transmitting member and capable of moving back and forth to the left and right sides
Gripping mechanism with arm members and reinforced steel pipe division
Fixed to the inner surface of the body segment and left and right of the grip mechanism
A plurality of arm members that receive a pair of arm members from the side opposite to the digging direction
A shield machine comprising a soil pressure load supporting device provided with a stopper member . 2. The erector, wherein the pair of first switches is
In parallel with the feeder mechanism, around the steel pipe segment
A pair of second ends that can be extended to the inside of the tunnel
A spreader mechanism is provided.
Shield machine. 3. The first spreader mechanism includes a steel pipe split.
Into the fitting hole of the flange joint at the circumferential end of the body segment
Features a removable hydraulic jack for clamps
The shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. The spreader mechanism according to claim 1, wherein :
For holding the spreader member and the spreader member.
The hydraulic cylinder and the gripping hydraulic cylinder can be driven to swing.
A hydraulic cylinder for oscillating.
The spreader mechanism transfers the spreader member and the spreader member.
A hydraulic cylinder for gripping that can be dynamically driven and a hydraulic cylinder for gripping
A swing hydraulic cylinder capable of swinging the cylinder
The shield machine according to claim 2, wherein: