JP2987911B2 - Tungsten alloy particles and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Tungsten alloy particles and method for producing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- JP2987911B2 JP2987911B2 JP2243439A JP24343990A JP2987911B2 JP 2987911 B2 JP2987911 B2 JP 2987911B2 JP 2243439 A JP2243439 A JP 2243439A JP 24343990 A JP24343990 A JP 24343990A JP 2987911 B2 JP2987911 B2 JP 2987911B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy particles
- main component
- tungsten
- producing
- tungsten alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018054 Ni-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018481 Ni—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930008380 camphor Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〈産業上の利用分野〉 この発明は、放射線遮蔽を目的とする直径5mm以下の
タングステン合金粒およびその製造方法に関するもので
ある。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tungsten alloy particle having a diameter of 5 mm or less for the purpose of shielding radiation and a method for producing the same.
〈従来の技術とその課題〉 医療技術の発展に伴ない、患部に集中的に放射線を照
射して、正常細胞をできるだけ傷付けないようにして治
療する技術が開発されている。<Conventional technology and its problems> With the development of medical technology, a technology has been developed for irradiating an affected area intensively with radiation so as to damage normal cells as little as possible.
しかしながら、患部のみに有効に放射線を照射するこ
とは難しく、患部以外を如何にして遮蔽するかが問題と
なっている。However, it is difficult to effectively irradiate only the affected part with radiation, and there is a problem how to shield the part other than the affected part.
従来は、この遮蔽材として鉛が用いられており、例え
ば鉛を溶解して型押しにより患部の大きさに応じた遮蔽
材を作成する方法や、φ5mm前後の鉛の球を切削によっ
て作成し、これを枠の中に入れて使用する方法等が行な
われている。Conventionally, lead is used as this shielding material, for example, a method of dissolving lead and creating a shielding material according to the size of the affected part by embossing, or creating a lead ball of about 5 mm by cutting, There is a method of using this in a frame.
ところが、これらの方法で遮蔽材を得るには非常に手
間がかかり、コスト的に高価であるという欠点があると
共に、鉛を溶解することから作業環境が悪く、製造が困
難になりつつあるという問題がある。However, obtaining a shielding material by these methods is extremely troublesome, has the disadvantage of being expensive, and has the problem that the working environment is poor due to the dissolution of lead, making production difficult. There is.
従って、鉛に代る衛生的でかつ種々の形状に対応でき
る遮蔽材の開発が望まれていた。Accordingly, there has been a demand for the development of a shielding material which can be replaced with lead and is hygienic and capable of coping with various shapes.
〈課題を解決するための手段〉 本発明者らは、上記に鑑みて、衛生的で作業環境に問
題がなく、かつ低コストで遮蔽効果の大なる放射線遮蔽
材を得るべく検討の結果、タングステンを主成分とする
φ5mm以下のタングステン合金粒が好ましいことを見出
し、この発明に至ったものである。<Means for Solving the Problems> In view of the above, the present inventors have conducted a study to obtain a radiation shielding material that is hygienic, has no problem in the working environment, and has a large shielding effect at low cost. It has been found that tungsten alloy particles having a diameter of 5 mm or less and containing as a main component are preferable, and have led to the present invention.
即ち、この発明はタングステン90重量％以上を主成分
とし、該主成分に他成分としてニッケル、銅あるいは鉄
を加えた混合粉末を造粒、焼結してなる直径5mm以下の
ほぼ球状を呈する放射線遮蔽用タングステン合金粒およ
びその製造方法を提供するものである。That is, the present invention provides a substantially spherical radiation having a diameter of 5 mm or less, which is obtained by granulating and sintering a mixed powder containing 90% by weight or more of tungsten as a main component and nickel, copper or iron as another component. An object of the present invention is to provide a tungsten alloy particle for shielding and a method for producing the same.
〈作用〉 この発明で、タングステンを主成分とする合金粒に着
目したのは、該合金粒が従来遮蔽材として用いられてい
る鉛に比べて、約２倍の高い遮蔽効果を示すという遮蔽
材として優れた性質を有していることである。<Function> In the present invention, attention was paid to alloy particles containing tungsten as a main component, because the alloy particles exhibit a shielding effect approximately twice as high as that of lead which has been conventionally used as a shielding material. It has excellent properties.
しかし、このタングステンを主成分とする合金粒は型
押し→焼結としう工程を必要とし、手間がかかって生産
量が上がらないことや、形状を自由に作成することが難
しいなどの理由から、これまで遮蔽材としては用いられ
ていなかったのである。However, the alloy particles containing tungsten as a main component require a step of embossing → sintering, which is time-consuming and does not increase the production amount, and it is difficult to freely form the shape. Until now, it has not been used as a shielding material.
この発明では、タングステン90重量％以上を有し、他
成分としてニッケル、銅あるいは鉄を加えた混合粉末を
用いて種々の方法により、直径5mm以下の合金粒を作成
することに成功し、この合金粒を袋、パイプまたは型に
入れることにより自由に形状を変えることのできる遮蔽
材を実現したのである。According to the present invention, alloy particles having a diameter of 5 mm or less have been successfully produced by various methods using a mixed powder containing 90% by weight or more of tungsten and nickel, copper or iron as another component. By putting the grains into bags, pipes or molds, a shielding material whose shape can be freely changed has been realized.
このように、タングステンを主成分とする混合粉末を
用いて直径5mm以下の小粒径の合金粒が作成でき、この
合金粒を遮蔽材として用いることにより、鉛を遮蔽材と
して使用していた時に問題であった衛生面も支障なく、
また粒状であることから、袋、パイプ、箱などに詰める
ことができ、比較的容易に所定の形状の遮蔽物を作成す
ることができるのである。In this way, alloy particles having a small particle diameter of 5 mm or less can be prepared using a mixed powder containing tungsten as a main component, and by using this alloy particle as a shielding material, when lead is used as a shielding material, The problem of hygiene was no problem,
In addition, since it is granular, it can be packed in bags, pipes, boxes, and the like, and a shield having a predetermined shape can be relatively easily formed.
また、鉛に比べて２倍程度の遮蔽効果を有することか
ら、よりコンパクトな遮蔽物を得ることができるのであ
る。Further, since the shielding effect is about twice as large as that of lead, a more compact shielding object can be obtained.
この発明で、タングステンを主成分とする混合粉末よ
り得られる合金粒の粒径を5mm以下とするのは、それよ
り粒径が大きいと遮蔽効果が悪くなるためであり、また
5mm以下、特に0.5mm程度が好ましい。In the present invention, the reason why the particle size of the alloy particles obtained from the mixed powder containing tungsten as a main component is 5 mm or less is that if the particle size is larger than that, the shielding effect becomes worse, and
It is preferably 5 mm or less, particularly about 0.5 mm.
〈実施例〉 以下、実施例により、この発明を詳細に説明する。<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
実施例１ タングステン91重量％および94重量％にニッケルおよ
び銅をニッケル／銅比が、4/1,2/1,1/2,1/10となるよう
にそれぞれ配合し、ボールミルにて２時間混合した後、
これらの粉末にカンファー1.2重量％、1.4重量％、およ
びメチレンクロライド３重量％を加え、ヘンシェル型ミ
キサーにて２時間混合しながら真空ポンプにて乾燥し
た。Example 1 Nickel and copper were mixed with 91% by weight and 94% by weight of tungsten so that the nickel / copper ratio was 4 / 1,2 / 1,1,1 / 2,1 / 10, respectively, and the mixture was ball-milled for 2 hours. After mixing
1.2% by weight of camphor, 1.4% by weight and 3% by weight of methylene chloride were added to these powders, and dried by a vacuum pump while mixing with a Henschel mixer for 2 hours.
得られた造粒粉を篩分けして、10〜20メッシュの造粒
粉を分離し、この造粒物を粒同士のくっつきを防止する
目的からアルミナ中で1430℃にて焼結した。The obtained granulated powder was sieved to separate a granulated powder of 10 to 20 mesh, and this granulated material was sintered at 1430 ° C. in alumina for the purpose of preventing the particles from sticking to each other.
これによって粒径がφ0.5〜φ１のほぼ球状のＷ−Ni
−Cu合金粒が得られた。As a result, a substantially spherical W-Ni having a particle size of φ0.5 to φ1
-Cu alloy grains were obtained.
かくして得られたＷ−Ni−Cu合金粒を厚み50mmの枠内
に入れ、遮蔽効果を測定したところ、鉛に比較して30％
高い遮蔽効果が得られた。The W-Ni-Cu alloy particles thus obtained were placed in a 50 mm thick frame, and the shielding effect was measured.
A high shielding effect was obtained.
枠内に入れても遮蔽効果が得られることから、局部の
用途に応じた枠を作ることにより、これまで鉛を溶かし
てその形状に作っていたのが、極めて容易に遮蔽物を作
成することが可能となった。Since the shielding effect can be obtained even if it is put in the frame, it is extremely easy to create a shielding object by making a frame according to the local application, which had previously been made by melting lead and making it into that shape Became possible.
実施例２ 実施例１と同じ粉末を用い、それらの粉末に溶かした
パラフィン1.4重量％を混合し、熱を加えながら均一に
なるまで10分間混合した。Example 2 The same powders as in Example 1 were used, and 1.4% by weight of paraffin dissolved in the powders was mixed and mixed with heating for 10 minutes until uniform.
この混合物をステンレス容器に入れ、水冷にて冷却し
た。The mixture was placed in a stainless steel container and cooled with water.
得られた固形物をハンマーにて粒径φ１以下になるよ
うに粉砕し、篩分けにて10〜20メッシュの造粒粉を分離
し、実施例１と同様にして焼結した。The obtained solid was pulverized with a hammer so as to have a particle diameter of 1 or less, and granulated powder of 10 to 20 mesh was separated by sieving, and sintered as in Example 1.
得られたＷ−Ni−Cu合金粒は粒形がφ５〜φ１であっ
た。The obtained W-Ni-Cu alloy grains had grain sizes of φ5 to φ1.
この合金粒をビニール袋に詰め、厚み5mmとし、放射
線の遮蔽効果を調べたところ、鉛に比べて30％高い遮蔽
効果があることがわかった。The alloy particles were packed in a plastic bag, the thickness was set to 5 mm, and the shielding effect of radiation was examined. As a result, it was found that the shielding effect was 30% higher than that of lead.
〈発明の効果〉 以上説明したように、この発明によれば、医療におい
て患部のみに放射線を照射する目的で、患部以外を遮蔽
する遮蔽物の作成が非常に容易に行なえるという大きな
効果を有するのであり、しかも、遮蔽物として、これま
で作成困難であった大型品や複雑な形状品への対応も、
それぞれ所望の型を作成しておいて、その中にこの発明
のタングステン合金粒を入れるだけで可能となるので、
この分野への利用も効果的であるということができる。<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, for the purpose of irradiating only the affected part with radiation in medical treatment, there is a great effect that it is very easy to create a shield that shields other than the affected part. In addition, as a shield, it can handle large products and complicated shapes that have been difficult to create up to now.
Since it becomes possible only by preparing the desired molds and putting the tungsten alloy particles of the present invention into them,
It can be said that utilization in this field is also effective.
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ２２Ｃ 27/04 １０１ Ｃ２２Ｃ 27/04 １０１ (56)参考文献 特開 平４−308007（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−308003（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−262642（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭64−5199（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭61−154598（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B22F 1/00 G21F 1/08 A01N 5/10 C22C 27/04,1/00 Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 identification symbol FI C22C 27/04 101 C22C 27/04 101 (56) References JP-A-4-308007 (JP, A) JP-A-4-308003 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 61-262642 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Application No. Sho 64-5199 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Application No. Sho 61-154598 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name ) B22F 1/00 G21F 1/08 A01N 5/10 C22C 27 / 04,1 / 00
Claims (3)
該主成分に他成分としてニッケル、銅あるいは鉄を加え
た混合粉末を造粒、焼結してなる直径5mm以下のほぼ球
状を呈する放射線遮蔽用タングステン合金粒。Claims: 1. A composition comprising at least 90% by weight of tungsten as a main component;
Tungsten alloy particles for radiation shielding exhibiting a substantially spherical shape with a diameter of 5 mm or less, obtained by granulating and sintering a mixed powder obtained by adding nickel, copper or iron as another component to the main component.
該主成分に他成分としてニッケル、銅あるいは鉄を加え
た混合粉末に有機バインダーおよび溶媒を加え、撹拌造
粒後焼結することを特徴とする放射線遮蔽用タングステ
ン合金粒の製造方法。2. A composition containing 90% by weight or more of tungsten as a main component,
A method for producing tungsten alloy particles for radiation shielding, characterized in that an organic binder and a solvent are added to a mixed powder obtained by adding nickel, copper or iron as another component to the main component, followed by stirring granulation and sintering.
該主成分に他成分としてニッケル、銅あるいは鉄を加え
た混合粉末に有機バインダーを加えて固形物を得、該固
形物を粉砕後焼結することを特徴とする放射線遮蔽用タ
ングステン合金粒の製造方法。3. A composition containing 90% by weight or more of tungsten as a main component,
Producing a solid material by adding an organic binder to a mixed powder obtained by adding nickel, copper or iron as the other component to the main component, pulverizing and sintering the solid material, thereby producing tungsten alloy particles for radiation shielding. Method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2243439A JP2987911B2 (en) | 1990-09-12 | 1990-09-12 | Tungsten alloy particles and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2243439A JP2987911B2 (en) | 1990-09-12 | 1990-09-12 | Tungsten alloy particles and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04124201A JPH04124201A (en) | 1992-04-24 |
| JP2987911B2 true JP2987911B2 (en) | 1999-12-06 |
Family
ID=17103894
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2243439A Expired - Lifetime JP2987911B2 (en) | 1990-09-12 | 1990-09-12 | Tungsten alloy particles and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2987911B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007060907A1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-05-31 | A.L.M.T.Corp. | Tungsten alloy particles, machining process with the same, and process for production thereof |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100363395B1 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2002-12-02 | 국방과학연구소 | Fabrication process of micro-crystalline tungsten heavy alloy by mechanical alloying and rapid two-step sintering |
| JP4726642B2 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2011-07-20 | 稔 植松 | Radiation field forming material, radiation field forming unit, radiation field forming method and radiation shielding apparatus |
| JP5522712B2 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2014-06-18 | 公立大学法人兵庫県立大学 | Transition metal-encapsulated tungsten carbide, tungsten carbide-dispersed cemented carbide and method for producing the same |
| JP5522713B2 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2014-06-18 | 公立大学法人兵庫県立大学 | Transition metal solid solution tungsten alloy powder and method for producing the same |
-
1990
- 1990-09-12 JP JP2243439A patent/JP2987911B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007060907A1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-05-31 | A.L.M.T.Corp. | Tungsten alloy particles, machining process with the same, and process for production thereof |
| EP1955795A4 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2009-06-10 | Almt Corp | Tungsten alloy particles, machining process with the same, and process for production thereof |
| CN101316672B (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2011-06-22 | 联合材料公司 | Tungsten alloy particles, machining process with the same, and process for production thereof |
| US8025710B2 (en) | 2005-11-28 | 2011-09-27 | A.L.M.T. Corp. | Tungsten alloy grains, processing method using the same, and method for manufacturing the same |
| KR101274097B1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2013-06-13 | 가부시끼가이샤 아라이도 마테리아루 | Tungsten alloy particles, machining process with the same, and process for production thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04124201A (en) | 1992-04-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2769592B2 (en) | Method for producing artificial kidney perfusion agent for bicarbonate dialysis and artificial kidney perfusion agent | |
| KR0184642B1 (en) | Pharmaceutical composition of excellent taste with porous particles, and preparation of such pharmaceutical composition | |
| JPH11152227A (en) | Improved pharmacological composition comprising fenofibrate | |
| JP2987911B2 (en) | Tungsten alloy particles and method for producing the same | |
| US3997330A (en) | Dental amalgams | |
| CA1049201A (en) | Dental amalgams | |
| US3997329A (en) | Dental composition | |
| JP2002501440A (en) | Prealloyed copper-containing powder and its use in the production of diamond tools | |
| DE3262799D1 (en) | Solid water-soluble mixtures of fertilizers containing trace elements, their production and use | |
| JP3120503B2 (en) | Method for producing anisotropic powder | |
| JPS59100233A (en) | Manufacture of flake-like mother alloy for preparation of dental amalgam | |
| RU95112580A (en) | Method of production of powdery metallic cobalt | |
| JPH04308003A (en) | Tungsten alloy granule for shielding radiation | |
| JPH0538263A (en) | Immediately soluble glucomannan composition, method for using the same composition and its production | |
| JP2558437B2 (en) | Tablet gum | |
| CN1563878A (en) | Solid flashing composition and its prepn. process | |
| CN115192652A (en) | Wanying granules and preparation method thereof | |
| JP3341020B2 (en) | Activated iron powder | |
| JPH0689362B2 (en) | Method for producing iron-based powder mixture for powder metallurgy | |
| JPH0543775B2 (en) | ||
| JPH02255613A (en) | Pharmaceutical containing dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate blended therein | |
| CA1222401A (en) | Admix dental alloy and amalgam | |
| JPS61265058A (en) | Pollen load-containing composition | |
| JPS63500097A (en) | Method for producing chlorothalonil | |
| JP2558391B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of powdered gum for tableting |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20071008 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081008 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091008 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101008 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |