JP2840690B2 - Wipe pattern generator and video signal processor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wipe pattern generator used for special video effects.

B. Summary of the Invention The present invention relates to a wipe pattern generation device and a video signal processing device used for a video special effect, and a boundary between a screen displayed by a first video signal and a screen displayed by a second video signal. The so-called Mach effect, which is emphasized, is prevented.

C. Conventional Techniques For example, there is a technique of changing the screen of a television receiver so as to display another screen in a so-called wipe pattern of various shapes such as a square or a circle. Among these conversion techniques, there is a soft wipe in which a contour of a wipe pattern has a width and the two screens are mixed there. Hereinafter, a portion where the two screens are mixed is referred to as a soft edge portion of the soft wipe pattern.

For example, a wipe pattern generator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-290382 is known. FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the wipe pattern generator.

In FIG. 7, a figure ROM (read only memory) 50
Is a memory for storing the outline of the wipe pattern using polar coordinate data. As shown in FIG. 8, the contour WP of the wipe pattern is obtained by using a declination (hereinafter referred to as angle data) θ and a radial (hereinafter referred to as distance data) r (θ) from the pole (hereinafter referred to as origin) P _0. Can be expressed, figure ROM50
Is the angle data θ with each angle data θ as an address.
Is stored as distance data r (θ).

The sawtooth wave generating circuits 52 and 53 respectively generate so-called sawtooth waves H and V synchronized with the respective synchronizing signals HD and VD using a so-called horizontal synchronizing signal HD and a vertical synchronizing signal VD. ,
V is supplied to a coordinate conversion circuit 54.

The coordinate conversion circuit 54 uses the sawtooth waves H and V to form rectangular coordinate data (x, y) representing the position of the pixel on the screen, and converts the rectangular coordinate data (x, y) to polar coordinate conversion. Circuit 55
To supply.

The polar coordinate conversion circuit 55 includes an angle calculation circuit 55a and a distance calculation circuit 55b, and the rectangular coordinate data (x, y)
Is converted to polar coordinate data. That is, the angle calculation circuit
55a calculates the angle data θ _s = tan ⁻¹ (x, y), and the distance calculation circuit 55b calculates the distance data r _s = (x ² + y ² ) ^1/2 .
The polar coordinate conversion circuit 55 to the adding circuit 56 to the angle data theta _S, supplying the distance data r _S to the arithmetic circuit 60.

The adding circuit 56 to rotate the wipe pattern, an address offset is added to the angle data theta _S optionally graphic angle data theta _S offset if this need is added as a read address ROM50 To supply.

Then, the distance data r (θ) of the outline of the wipe pattern stored in the figure ROM 50 is read. The read distance data r (θ) is supplied to the arithmetic circuit 60.

The arithmetic circuit 60 includes a division circuit 60a for dividing the distance data r _S from the polar coordinate conversion circuit 55 by the distance data r (θ) from the figure ROM 50, and a wipe pattern from the output of the division circuit 60a.
An addition circuit 60b for subtracting the magnification k of the WP, a multiplication circuit 60c for multiplying the output of the addition circuit 60b by 1 / S, and an addition circuit 60d for subtracting the output of the multiplication circuit 60c from the constant `` 0.5 '', Using the distance data r (θ) and the distance data r _S , T = − (1 / S) (r _S /r(θ)−k)+0.5 is calculated, and the calculation result T is sent to the limiter circuit 61. Supply. The coefficient S sets the width of the outline of the wipe pattern WP as shown in FIG. 8, and the width of the soft edge SE is represented by Sr (θ).

The limiter circuit 61 is an amplitude control circuit having an upper limit of “1” and a lower limit of “0”, and limits the amplitude of the output T of the arithmetic circuit 60. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the output K of the limiter circuit 61 includes the distance data r _S and the distance data r (θ).
By the scope of which is the difference _{Δr (= r S -r (θ} )), when the Δr ≦ -0.5Sr (θ), K = 1 becomes, -0.5Sr
When (θ) <Δr ≦ 0.5Sr (θ), K = − (1 / S) (r _S
/r(θ)-k)+0.5, and K = 0 when 0.5Sr (θ) <Δr. The output K of the limiter circuit 61 is supplied to a video mixing circuit 62.

The video signal mixing circuit 62 mixes the video signal A and the video signal B using the output K of the limiter circuit 61. That is, KA + (1-K) B is calculated, and as shown in FIG. 8, an image based on the video signal A is displayed on the video portion Ax inside the soft edge portion SE, and the video image outside the soft edge portion SE is displayed. Part Bx
Is mixed so that an image based on the video signal B is displayed on the soft edge portion SE, and an image based on the video signal obtained by mixing the video signal A and the video signal B at the mixing ratio is displayed on the soft edge portion SE.

As described above, in the wipe pattern generating apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-290382, the outline of the wipe pattern has a width, and the two screens are mixed therewith.

D. Problems to be Solved by the Invention By the way, when the video mixing circuit 62 is constituted by an analog switcher, a conventional diode limiter is used as the limiter circuit 61, and K = 1 shown in FIG. the output K of the limiter circuit 61 at the point W ₂ which changes W ₁ and K = 0 is, by the limiter characteristic of the diode had become a smooth.

However, in recent years, digital signal processing technology has been widely introduced into soft wipe processing, and the video mixing circuit 62 is configured by a digital circuit, and two video signals A and B are used.
There has been an increasing demand for digitally mixing.

In this case, the edge of the W ₂ that changes W ₁ or K = 0 point changes K = 1 as shown in FIG. 8,
In a portion where the mixing of the screens starts, the edge is emphasized, for example, a so-called Mach effect in which the luminance and the saturation are felt strongly occurs, and there is a problem that the image becomes unnatural visually.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in a soft wipe process for giving a width to the outline of a wipe pattern, a smooth mixing ratio of a video signal in a portion where mixing of two screens starts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wipe pattern generation device and a video signal processing device capable of preventing a Mach effect.

E. Means for Solving the Problems In the wipe pattern generation device according to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first level and the second level and the straight lines having a predetermined slope are connected between them. Means for outputting a wipe pattern signal, and a straight line connecting between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal.
A waveform control unit that replaces the above point with a curve based on an n-order (n> 1) function having different characteristics, and a first level, a second level, and a wipe connected between the levels by the waveform control unit. Output means for switching and outputting the first video signal and the second video signal based on the pattern signal.

Further, the video signal processing device according to the present invention is a video signal processing device for performing a wipe effect by switching between a supplied first video signal and a second video signal.
Means for outputting a wipe pattern signal comprising a first level and a second level for switching between the first video signal and the second video signal, and switching between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal Means for setting the slope and width of a straight line portion for connecting the first line and the second line for connecting between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal. Means for converting into a curve based on the n-th (n> 1) -order function, and means for applying a wipe effect by switching between a first video signal and a second video signal based on the converted wipe pattern signal And characterized in that:

Furthermore, the video signal processing device according to the present invention is a video signal processing device that performs a wipe effect by switching between a supplied first video signal and a second video signal.
Means for outputting a wipe pattern signal comprising a first level and a second level for switching between the first video signal and the second video signal, and switching between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal Means for setting the slope and width of a straight line portion for connecting the first and second levels of the wipe pattern signal and one or more points so that the boundary between the straight line portion and the wiper pattern signal is smooth. N (n>
1) means for converting a wipe pattern signal using a curve based on a degree function, and applying a wipe effect by switching between a first video signal and a second video signal based on the converted wipe pattern signal Means.

F. Operation In the wipe pattern generation device according to the present invention, the waveform control means includes a first level and a second level, and a straight line having a predetermined slope between the first and second levels. Is replaced by a curve based on an n (n> 1) order function, thereby generating a smooth switching signal.

Also, the video signal processing device according to the present invention may be configured such that a linear portion for connecting between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal has n different characteristics at one or more points.
(N> 1) A wipe effect is performed by converting a curve based on the following function and switching between the first video signal and the second video signal based on the converted wipe pattern signal.

Further, the video signal processing apparatus according to the present invention provides n () having different characteristics at one or more points so that the boundary between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal and the linear portion becomes smooth. n> 1) The wipe pattern signal is converted by using a curve based on the following function, and the first video signal and the second video signal are switched based on the converted wipe pattern signal to apply a wipe effect. .

G. Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wipe pattern generation device and a video signal processing device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a figure ROM 10 is a memory for storing rectangular coordinate data (x, y, h) of a pyramid such as a triangular pyramid and a quadrangular pyramid and a cone for generating a soft wipe pattern. Height data h is stored using (x, y) as an address.

On the other hand, the sawtooth wave generating circuits 12 and 13 are provided with a so-called horizontal synchronizing signal HD and a vertical synchronizing signal supplied via terminals 1 and 2, respectively.
The VD is used to generate sawtooth waves H and V synchronized with the synchronization signals HD and VD, respectively, and the sawtooth waves H and V are supplied to the coordinate conversion circuit.

The coordinate conversion circuit 14 uses the sawtooth waves H and V to form rectangular coordinate data (x, y) representing the position of a pixel on the screen, and converts the rectangular coordinate data (x, y) to the figure It is supplied to ROM 10 as a read address. Height data h read from the figure ROM 10 using the rectangular coordinate data (x, y).
Is supplied to the adding circuit 15.

The adder circuit 15 stores the height data h from the figure ROM 10.
Is subtracted from the so-called fader level L supplied via the terminal 3 and the result (h-L) is supplied to the multiplication circuit 16.

The multiplying circuit 16 adds, to the output of the adding circuit 15, a coefficient S for setting the width of the soft edge portion SE of the soft wipe pattern shown in FIG. The result (S (h-L)) is supplied to the limiter circuit 17.

The limiter circuit 17 is an amplitude limiting circuit having an upper limit of “1” and a lower limit of “0”, and limits the amplitude of the output of the multiplying circuit 16. That is, the output K of the limiter circuit 17 becomes K = 0 when S (h−L) <0, and K = S (h−L) when 0 ≦ S (h−L) ≦ 1, and 1 When <S (h−L), K = 1.

An output (hereinafter referred to as a soft wipe pattern signal) K of the limiter circuit 17 is supplied to an n-order function circuit 18.

The n-order function circuit 18 performs an arithmetic operation on the soft wipe pattern signal K from the limiter circuit 17 based on a predetermined n (n> 1) function. For example, when the order of the function used in the n-order function circuit 18 and 2, the output R of the n-th order function circuit 18, when 0 ≦ K ≦ 0.5, R = 2K 2 , and the 0.5 <when K ≦ 1 , R = 1-2 (1-K ² ).

An output (hereinafter referred to as a soft wipe pattern signal) R of the n-order function circuit 18 is supplied to a video mixing circuit 19.

The video mixing circuit 19 includes a multiplication circuit 19a for multiplying the video signal A supplied via the terminal 5 by the soft wipe pattern signal R, and a constant "1" supplied via the terminal 6 to obtain the soft wipe pattern Adder circuit for subtracting signal R
19b, a multiplying circuit 19c for multiplying the video signal B supplied via the terminal 7 by the output of the adding circuit 19b,
An adding circuit 19 for adding the output of the multiplier 19c to the output of the multiplier 19c
d. The video mixing circuit 19 mixes the video signal A and the video signal B using the soft wipe pattern signal R. That is, RA + (1-R) B is calculated and, for example, as shown in FIG.
Display an image based on the video signal A in the video section Ax inside the SE,
A video signal is displayed such that an image based on the video signal B is displayed on the video portion Bx outside the soft edge portion SE, and an image based on the video signal obtained by mixing the video signal A and the video signal B at the above mixing ratio is displayed on the soft edge portion SE. Is mixed.

Thus, in the present embodiment, the first level “0” and the second level
The limiter circuit is a switching signal in the form of being connected by a straight line having a predetermined slope set by the level "1" and a coefficient S supplied through the terminal 4 between the two.
A wipe pattern generating apparatus for switching and outputting the video signal A as the first video signal and the video signal B as the second video signal based on the soft wipe pattern signal K from the n. The circuit 18 is used as waveform control means for replacing the straight line of the wipe pattern signal K with a curve based on an n-order function.

Next, the operation of the wipe pattern generator configured as described above and a specific configuration example of the n-order function circuit 18 will be described.

For example, when performing a circular soft wipe process, the shape RO
As shown in FIG. 3, the height data h of the surface of the cone C in rectangular coordinates is stored in M10 using the rectangular coordinate data (x, y) as an address. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the orthogonal coordinate data representing the positions of pixels on the screen from the coordinate transformation circuit _{14 (x 1, y 1)} , the height data h ₁ is read out corresponding thereto.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the adder circuit 15 subtracts (h−L) the fader level L for setting the size of the soft wipe pattern from the height data h, and the multiplier circuit 16 subtracts the soft edge of the soft wipe pattern. Multiply the coefficient S for setting the width of the part SE. FIG. 4 shows a cross section passing through the vertex of the cone C shown in FIG. 3 and being parallel to the h-axis.

The limiter circuit 17 outputs the output (S (h−
L)), the upper limit is set to "1" and the lower limit is set to "0". For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the output of the limiter circuit 17, that is, the soft wipe pattern signal K is a signal corresponding to a trapezoidal side whose lower base is defined by the fader level L and whose slope is defined by S. Become.

Assuming that the order of the function used in the n-order function circuit 18 is, for example, 2, the n-order function circuit 18 performs soft wipe from the limiter circuit 17 supplied via the terminal 21 as shown in FIG. A comparing circuit 22 for comparing the pattern signal K with a constant "0.5"; an adding circuit 23 for subtracting the soft wipe pattern signal K from the constant "1"; And the above addition circuit
A switch 24 for switching the output of the switch 23; a multiplier 25 for calculating the square of the output of the switch 24; and a multiplier 26 for multiplying the output of the multiplier 25 by a constant “2”.
An addition circuit 27 for subtracting the output of the multiplication circuit 26 from the constant “1”; and an addition circuit 27 under the control of the comparison circuit 22.
And a switch 28 for switching the output of the multiplication circuit 26. Therefore, in the n-order function circuit 18, when the soft wipe pattern signal K supplied via the terminal 21 is 0.5 or less, the output of the comparison circuit 22 becomes, for example, "0", and the changeover switches 24, 28 become "0".
Side, and 2K ² is output from the terminal 29. When the soft wipe pattern signal K is 0.5 or more, the comparison circuit 2
The output of 2 becomes "1", the changeover switches 24 and 28 are controlled to "1" side, and 1-2 (1-K) ² is output from the terminal 29.

That is, the soft wipe pattern signal R which is the output of the n-th order function circuit 18, for example as shown in FIG. 6, when 0 ≦ K ≦ 0.5, R = 2K 2 , and the 0.5 <when K ≦ 1, R = 1-2 (1−K) ² , and becomes a soft wipe pattern signal that smoothly changes at the points of K = 0 and 1.

The soft wipe pattern signal R output from the n-order function circuit 18 is supplied to the video mixing circuit 19,
Mixes the video signal A and the video signal B using the soft wipe pattern signal R as described above. As a result, the second
As shown in the figure, the mixing ratio of the video signal at the portion where the mixing of the screen of the soft edge portion SE starts can be made smooth, and for example, the brightness, the Mach effect in which the saturation is strongly felt can be prevented. it can.

As described above, the level “0” and level “1” from the limiter circuit 17 and the form in which they are connected by a straight line having a predetermined slope set by the coefficient S supplied through the terminal 4 Having a soft wipe pattern signal K
In the n-order function circuit 18, when 0 ≦ K ≦ 0.5, R = 2K ²
When 0.5 <K ≦ 1, R = 1-2 (1-K) ² is converted into a soft wipe pattern signal R, and the video signal A and the video signal B are converted based on the soft wipe pattern signal R. By switching and outputting, it is possible to smooth the mixing ratio of the video signal at the portion where the mixing of the screen of the soft edge portion SE of the soft wipe pattern starts,
Mach effect can be prevented. Furthermore, as described above, by forming the n-order function circuit 18 using an addition circuit, a multiplication circuit, and the like, it is easy to implement an IC.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the n-order function circuit 18 may be configured using a ROM. That is, the soft wipe pattern signal K from the limiter circuit 17 is
The soft wipe pattern signal R stored in M in advance may be read.

In addition, the order of the function used in the n-th order function circuit 18 (n>
1) may be an order other than 2.

Further, the present invention may be applied to various wipe pattern generators such as a wipe pattern generator that generates a soft wipe pattern using polar coordinate data.

H. Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above description, in the wipe pattern generation device according to the present invention, the waveform control means connects a straight line connecting the first level and the second level to one or more points. By converting into a curve based on an n-order (n> 1) function having different characteristics, it is possible to prevent a Mach effect in a portion where mixing of the first video signal and the second video signal starts, and It is possible to perform a natural transition of the screen.

Further, in the video signal processing device according to the present invention, a linear portion for connecting between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal is represented by n (n > 1) means for converting to a curve based on a quadratic function;
Means for performing a wipe effect by switching between the first video signal and the second video signal based on the converted wipe pattern signal, thereby providing a first video signal and a second video signal. It is possible to prevent the Mach effect in the portion where the mixing starts, and it is possible to perform a visually natural transition of the screen.

Further, in the video signal processing device according to the present invention, the boundary between the one or more points and the characteristic having n different from each other is smoothened so that the boundary between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal and the straight line portion becomes smooth. (N> 1) means for converting the wipe pattern signal using a curve based on the following function, and switching between the first video signal and the second video signal based on the converted wipe pattern signal Means for applying a wipe effect to prevent a Mach effect in a portion where mixing of the first video signal and the second video signal starts, and perform a visually natural screen conversion. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a wipe pattern generation device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a soft wipe pattern on a screen and a soft wipe pattern signal R corresponding thereto. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the rectangular coordinate data of a cone stored in the figure ROM of the wipe pattern generator, and FIG. 4 is a soft wipe which is an output of a limiter circuit of the wipe pattern generator. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a pattern signal K. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an n-order function circuit of the wipe pattern generator, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between a wipe pattern signal R and the soft wipe pattern signal K. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional wipe pattern generator, and FIG. Soft wipe pattern on the screen generated by the serial conventional wipe pattern generator is a diagram schematically illustrating. 17 Limiter circuit 18 n-order function circuit 19 Video mixing circuit

Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) H04N 5/262-5/28 H04N 9/75

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A means for outputting a wipe pattern signal connected to a first level and a second level and a straight line having a predetermined slope therebetween, and a first level and a second level of the wipe pattern signal. Connecting at least one point to a straight line connecting the levels of n
(N> 1) a waveform control means for replacing with a curve based on the following function; a first image based on the first level, the second level, and the wipe pattern signal connected between the curves by the waveform control means An output unit for switching between a signal and a second video signal and outputting the signal. 2. A video signal processing apparatus for applying a wipe effect by switching between a supplied first video signal and a second video signal, comprising: a first video signal for switching between the first video signal and the second video signal; Means for outputting a wipe pattern signal comprising a first level and a second level; and setting a slope and a width of a linear portion for connecting between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal. And a linear part for connecting between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal based on an n (n> 1) order function having different characteristics at one or more points. And a means for performing a wipe effect by switching between the first video signal and the second video signal based on the converted wipe pattern signal. Video signal processing device. 3. A video signal processing device for applying a wipe effect by switching between a supplied first video signal and a second video signal, comprising: a first video signal for switching between the first video signal and the second video signal; Means for outputting a wipe pattern signal comprising a first level and a second level; and setting a slope and a width of a linear portion for connecting between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal. Means for making the boundary between the first level and the second level of the wipe pattern signal and the linear portion smooth.
Means for converting the wipe pattern signal using a curve based on an n (n> 1) -order function having different characteristics at the above-mentioned points; and the first wiper pattern signal based on the converted wipe pattern signal. Means for applying a wipe effect by switching between the video signal and the second video signal.