JP2662746B2 - Grate type incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse incinerator used for incineration of municipal waste and industrial waste, and more particularly, to the generation of unburned components such as CO and hydrocarbons when incinerating refuse. The present invention relates to a new structure of a refuse incinerator that controls waste.

In the description of the drawings, the left and right of FIGS. 1 and 2 will be referred to as the front in the front-rear relationship.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional incinerator shown in FIG. 2, a secondary air supply nozzle (5) is disposed at an outlet of a primary combustion chamber (1) or at an inlet of a secondary combustion chamber (2). I was

That is, in FIG. 2, a grate type incinerator includes a primary combustion chamber (1), a secondary combustion chamber (2) provided on the primary combustion chamber (1), and a secondary combustion chamber. An exhaust gas discharge passage (3) for guiding the combustion gas generated in the chamber (2) to an outlet (not shown), and a grate (4) provided in the primary combustion chamber (1).
The grate (4) is a dry grate (4) in front of the primary combustion chamber (1).
a), consisting of a middle combustion grate (4b) and a rear combustion grate (4c). At the entrance of the secondary combustion chamber (2), a plurality of secondary air supply nozzles (5) are provided on the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) in a lateral direction.

The refuse (R) introduced from the hopper (7) is placed on the grate (4). Garbage on dry grate (4a)
Of water from (R), generation of pyrolysis gas and waste
Partial surface combustion of (R) occurs, and most of the refuse (R) is burned on the combustion grate (4b) by the primary combustion air sent from below the grate.

However, the refuse (R) lump on the combustion grate (4b) is inhomogeneous, and the primary combustion air tends to blow through between the refuse (R) lumps, and the refuse (R) is sufficiently burned. And unburned components such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and soot are generated. Therefore, a secondary air supply nozzle (5) is provided at the outlet of the primary combustion chamber (1) or at the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber (2) to supply secondary air.

[0007]

However, the refuse incinerator in which the secondary air supply nozzle (5) is disposed at the above position has the following problems.

That is, the temperature of the outlet of the primary combustion chamber (1) or the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is as high as 900 to 1000 ° C. When secondary air is fed into this portion, clinker by secondary combustion is generated. Is likely to occur.

Further, since the position of the secondary air supply nozzle (5) is far from the starting point of the primary combustion of the dust (R), the effect of promoting the combustion is weak.

As a result, unburned components such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and soot are discharged together with the exhaust gas. Thus, the hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas in a large amount are so-called dioxin precursors, and have a problem that they react with chlorides such as hydrogen chloride gas in the downstream to generate highly toxic dioxins.

Further, since the temperature at the position where the secondary air supply nozzle (5) is disposed is as high as 900 to 1000 ° C.,
There is also a problem that (5) is easily burnt.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a refuse incinerator capable of suppressing the generation of unburned components when incinerating municipal waste and industrial waste in a refuse incinerator. is there.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been devised to achieve the above object, and has a secondary air supply nozzle disposed at a specific position in a combustion chamber to specify an injection port of the nozzle. It has been completed by the knowledge that the mixing of the combustion gas can be effectively performed by directing in the direction.

That is, according to the present invention, in the primary combustion chamber (1), the secondary air supply nozzle (6) is disposed at a position facing the dust feed direction, and the nozzle of the nozzle (6) has a grate ( Four)
A refuse incinerator characterized by being directed to blow secondary air along an upper surface of the upper refuse (R).

In the present invention, the injection port of the secondary air supply nozzle (6) is a grate (4), especially a dry grate (4a).
The upper debris (R) is preferably directed to the upper end.

Preferably, two or more nozzles (6) are arranged side by side in the left-right direction. Secondary air is supplied from the nozzle (6) at a flow rate of 40 to 45 m / s. It is preferable to blow out.

From the nozzle (6), secondary air alone, secondary air and water, secondary air and steam, or a mixed gas of secondary air and recirculated gas can be blown out.

[0018]

In the refuse incinerator according to the present invention, the secondary air is sent almost along the upper surface of the refuse (R) layer on the grate (4), and the combustion gas is mixed and agitated at the base of the flame. The effect of promoting combustion is great.

Since the temperature of the place where the secondary air nozzle (6) is installed is as low as about 500 ° C., no clinker is generated by the secondary combustion. Also, there is no burning of the nozzle (6).

[0020]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

A secondary air supply nozzle (6) is provided on the rear wall (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1) facing the feed direction of the refuse (R) introduced from the hopper (7). The nozzle of the nozzle (6) is provided at an angle of 30 degrees from the horizontal so as to face the upper end of the dust on the dry grate (4a).

Two secondary air supply nozzles (6) are arranged side by side on the left and right. 40-45m from the same nozzle (6)
The secondary air is blown at a flow rate of / s.

From the secondary air nozzle (6), secondary air alone, secondary air and water, secondary air and steam, or a mixed gas of secondary air and recirculated gas can be blown out.

The other components in the figure are the same as those in FIG. 2, and the same components are denoted by the same reference characters and description thereof will be omitted.
That is, the configuration of the primary combustion chamber (1), the secondary combustion chamber (2), the exhaust gas discharge path (3), the dry grate (4a), the combustion grate (4b), and the post-combustion grate (4c) are as follows: This is the same as in FIG.

In this refuse incinerator, by blowing secondary air through the nozzle (6), the combustion gas can be effectively mixed and agitated to promote combustion.

That is, the combustion is most active on the combustion grate (4b), and unburned gas such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and soot is generated toward the upper part of the incinerator. By applying a high-speed jet to this part from behind using a nozzle (6),
At the base of the flame, the fire column, unburned gas, and air can be mixed and agitated together with the vortex, which promotes combustion.

At the same time as the mixing effect, the combustion grate (4
b) The combustion heat generated above is transferred to the drying grate (4a) by the high-speed jet from the nozzle (6),
(4a) The combustion of the pyrolysis gas is promoted.

Further, the pyrolysis gas generated on the dry grate (4a) rises along the front inclined ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1). The combustion effect of the pyrolysis gas is promoted by the mixing effect of the high-speed jet.

The secondary air is blown from the nozzle (6) substantially along the upper surface of the dust (R) layer, and mixing and stirring of the combustion gas occurs at the base of the flame. It is difficult for blow-by of combustion air to occur, and combustion is promoted.

By blowing the secondary air through the secondary air nozzle (6) in this manner, combustion is promoted and the generation of unburned components can be reduced.

Since the temperature of the place where the secondary air nozzle (6) is installed is as low as about 500 ° C., no clinker is generated by the secondary combustion. Also, there is no burning of the nozzle (6).

[0033]

Effects of the Invention According to the incinerator of the present invention, as described above, the secondary air is fed me along the upper surface of the waste (R) layer on grate (4), at the base of the flame , Fire pillar, not
When the combustion gas and air are mixed and agitated in a vortex
Both are supplied from below the grate (4) and the refuse (R)
By suppressing the rising of the primary air,
The burning of garbage is promoted. In addition, the mixing and stirring effects
At the same time, the combustion heat generated on the combustion grate (4b)
Drying next to the combustion grate (4b) by a high-speed jet of air
The heat on the grate (4a) is transferred to the grate (4a).
The combustion of the cracked gas is promoted. Furthermore, the secondary air described above
High-speed jet is composed of pyrolysis gas generated on a dry grate (4a).
As the air rises, the gas is agitated and its combustion
Promoted. Also, a secondary air supply nozzle (6) is provided.
The temperature at the position facing the waste feeding direction is about 500 ° C
And low waste, 2
In addition to suppressing the generation of clinker due to secondary combustion,
Burnout of the nozzle (6) itself is also prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing one specific example of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional refuse incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) ... Primary combustion chamber (2) ... Secondary combustion chamber (4a) ... Dry grate (4b) ... Combustion grate (4c) ... Post-combustion grate (5) ... Secondary air supply nozzle (6) ... Secondary air supply nozzle

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] In the primary combustion chamber (1), a secondary air supply nozzle (6) is arranged at a position facing the dust feed direction,
The upper surface of the waste (R) on the injection ports grate of the same nozzle (6) (4)
A refuse incinerator characterized by being directed to blow secondary air along .