JP2625800B2 - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in the following order.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention Means for Solving Problems Actions and Effects Example Description of Configuration of Electronic Musical Instrument in FIG. 2 Description of Operation of Electronic Musical Instrument in FIG. 2 (1) Normal Performance mode (2) Automatic performance storage mode (3) Automatic performance playback mode Other embodiments [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to an automatic performance device that performs an automatic performance based on performance data stored in a memory. The performance data is stored in the form of event data indicating a change in the state of generation of musical tones, and data for the end of generation of musical tones is automatically created at the time of reproduction (automatic performance). And an automatic performance device that can reduce the memory capacity by omitting the writing of data, and also enable smooth automatic performance regardless of the performance state when performance data is recorded. That.

[Prior Art] As a conventional automatic performance device, a change in the operation state of a keyboard and a panel operator is detected, and the content of the change (the type of the operated key or the operator and the type of the pressed / released key) and the timing. And reproducing the original operation state by reading out the signal of the change content at a predetermined tempo according to the timing at the time of reproduction (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-211191).
Reference). In such a device, it is sufficient to record two types of data such as a key press (key on) and a key release (key off) for one key operation, for example, several tens to several hundreds times per second in the related art. In comparison with the method of recording all the sampling data, the data amount can be remarkably reduced and the memory capacity can be reduced.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such an automatic performance device, particularly in a popular type, it is desired to further reduce the memory capacity.

In addition, since such an automatic performance device faithfully reproduces the key operation of the performer, it reproduces the way of playing like a staccato, which is common for beginners etc., with a long key release time between key presses There was the inconvenience of being done.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional type, the present invention relates to an automatic performance device that generates a musical tone based on event data indicating a change in a musical sound generation state read from a musical performance data memory as the music progresses. It is an object to reduce the amount of memory by compressing the amount and to correct the data to perform a musically preferable automatic performance.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, in the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. A performance data memory 1 for storing data representing the timing and content of a change in musical tone generation state; and performance data stored in the performance data memory 1 sequentially read out as the music progresses, and output in accordance with the timing data. When the key press data indicating the generation of a new musical tone is read out, there is provided read control means 2 for generating key release data indicating the end of the musical tone currently being generated and outputting the key release data a predetermined time earlier than the key press data. It is characterized by:

Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, as means for writing performance data to the performance data memory 1, key data input means 3 and key press and key release data input from the key data input means 3 are stored. A write control means 4 for omitting the key release data and writing only the key press data in the performance data memory is added.

[Operation] In the first aspect of the present invention configured as described above, performance data is sequentially read from the performance data memory 1 by the read control unit 2 in accordance with the progress of the music, and new musical tone generation state data is converted to timing data. For example, when key press data indicating a tone to be newly started to be read is read out, key release data indicating the end of tone generation of the tone currently being sounded is output, and then a new tone is generated. Key press data of a power tone should be output according to the timing data.

The tone generation state data such as key press and key release data output from the readout control means is input to a similar tone generation means (not shown) similar to the conventional one, and the tone generation means generates a tone based on these input data. Generated.

In such an automatic performance device, it is sufficient that the performance data memory stores only the key press data of the key press and key release data.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the writing control means, during recording in the performance data memory, outputs key release data of key press and key release data input from key data input means such as a keyboard or a voice input device. Ignore or omit and write only the key press data to the performance data memory. The performance data written in the performance data memory in this manner is output by the readout control means with key release data added thereto, as in the first embodiment.

[Effect] As can be understood from the above description of the operation, according to the present invention, the data written to the performance data memory is only the key pressed data of the key pressed and released data, so that the key data is reduced to about half. Data compression or memory saving can be achieved. In other words, if the memory size is the same, a song whose data amount is almost double can be stored, and if the song is the same, the memory capacity is almost half.

Also, since the key release data is created based on the next key press data, for example, a key press such as a staccato (key on)
Even when playing with a long key release (key-off) time between a key press and a key press, a smooth performance input, such as legato,
Or, it is corrected as if the performance input was performed with the key press time kept properly, and an automatic performance sound can be generated as if a beginner played the performance even if a beginner input.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Second
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument provided with an automatic performance device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

This electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard 10 and a panel 20. The keyboard 10 is composed of a plurality of keys for designating musical tones, and the depressed / released keys of each key are detected by opening and closing a plurality of key switches provided for each key in the key switch circuit 10a. ing. This key switch circuit 10a is connected to the bus 30.

As shown in FIG. 3, the operation panel 20 includes a rhythm start operator 21a and a rhythm stop operator 21b for instructing start and stop of the auto rhythm, respectively.
A rhythm selection operator group 22 for selecting a rhythm type such as march, waltz, etc .; an up operator 23a and a down operator 2 for respectively increasing and decreasing the tempo of the auto rhythm.
3b, an automatic performance writing operator 24a and an automatic performance reading operator 24b for instructing a start of recording and reproduction of automatic performance data, and a timbre operator group 25a for instructing the application of a tone and an effect of a musical tone, respectively. Effect controls 25b and display
26 are arranged. The operation of these operator groups is detected by a plurality of operator switches provided for the respective operators in the operator switch circuit 20a.
The display 26 is controlled by a display control circuit 20b. The operator switch circuit 20a and the display control circuit 20b are connected to the bus 30.

Further, the bus 30 is connected to a tempo oscillator 40, a rhythm sound signal generation circuit 51, a keyboard tone signal generation circuit 52, an automatic performance tone signal generation circuit 53, a data storage circuit 60, and a microcomputer 70. The tempo oscillator 40 outputs a tempo clock signal as a rhythm interrupt signal to the microcomputer 70 via the bus 30 according to the set tempo. The rhythm sound signal generation circuit 51 has a plurality of percussion sound signal formation circuits for forming percussion sound signals corresponding to percussion instruments such as cymbals and bass drums, and rhythm pattern data supplied from the microcomputer 70 via the bus 30. The percussion instrument sound signal is formed and output according to.
The keyboard tone signal generating circuit 52 and the automatic tone signal generating circuit 53 each include a plurality of tone signal forming channels for forming tone signals corresponding to musical instruments such as a piano and a violin. Reference numeral 52 denotes a key press / release key on the keyboard 10, operation of the tone operator group 25a, and effect operator group 2
5b, according to the operation of the microcomputer 70 to the bus 30
And outputs a tone signal based on the automatic performance data supplied via the. Also, a tone signal generating circuit 53 for automatic performance is provided.
Forms and outputs a tone signal based on the automatic performance data stored in the data storage circuit 60, read out by the microcomputer 70, and supplied via the bus 30. These rhythm sound signal generation circuits 51 and tone signal generation circuits for keyboards
The tone signals from the tone signal generating circuit 52 and the tone signal generating circuit 53 for automatic performance are mixed and supplied to the amplifier 54.
The output of the amplifier 54 is connected to a speaker 55, and the speaker 55 emits a tone corresponding to the tone signal supplied from the amplifier 54.

The data storage circuit 60 includes a rhythm pattern data memory 61, a performance data memory 62, and a buffer memory 63 connected to the bus 30, respectively. Rhythm pattern data memory
Reference numeral 61 denotes a ROM, and a rhythm sound signal generation circuit 51.
The rhythm pattern data instructing the formation and output of each percussion instrument sound signal in is stored in time series over one bar length for each rhythm type. The performance data memory 62 is composed of a RAM, and has a large number of storage locations APM (ADs) addressed by addresses ADR described later as shown in FIGS.
R). At each storage location APM (ADR), the following various data for automatic performance is stored in a data format as shown in FIG. The upper two bits of each data excluding the end code are identification marks indicating the type of data.

Timing data: An identification mark indicating the timing data, and time data indicating the elapsed time from the beginning of the bar. As this time data, data corresponding to a count value of a tempo counter TCNT (to be referred to as a tempo counter value hereinafter) TCNT described later is written.

Key press data... The key press data is composed of an identification mark indicating key press event data on the keyboard 10 and a key code KC representing a key pressed.

Key release data... The key release data is composed of an identification mark indicating that the data is key release event data on the keyboard 10 and a key code KC representing a key that has been released.

Data such as timbre, etc. An identification mark indicating that the data is timbre data or effect data updated by the timbre operator group 25a or the effect operator group 25b, and timbre / effect name data representing the updated timbre or effect name Consists of

Measure code: Indicates that the progress timing of the automatic performance is the timing corresponding to the beginning of the measure, the identification mark is equal to the timing data, and the time data is equal to the timing data indicating the end of the measure.

End code: Indicates the end timing of the automatic performance.

The buffer memory 63 is composed of a RAM, and is provided with buffer registers of an event buffer register IVTBUF, a key buffer register KEYBUF, and an address buffer register ADRBUF. Event buffer register IVTBUF
Indicates the keyboard 10 and panel
This is for temporarily storing event data detected in response to the operation 20. A plurality of storage locations I designated by an address ADR (I) described later as shown in FIG.
Has VTBUF (ADR). Key buffer register KEYBUF
Is for temporarily storing key press data read out from the performance data memory 62 in the automatic performance live mode described later, and a plurality of keys designated by an address ADR (KEY) described later as shown in FIG. Memory location KEYBUF (ADR)
Having. The address buffer register ADRBUF is for temporarily saving the address data ADR for designating the storage location APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62.

The microcomputer 70 includes a program memory 71, a CPU 72, and a working memory 73 connected to the bus 30 respectively.
Consists of The program memory 71 is composed of a ROM, and stores a main program, a rhythm interrupt program, and their sub-programs corresponding to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. The CPU 72 starts execution of the main program by turning on a power switch (not shown), and repeatedly executes the program until the power switch is opened, and interrupts the execution of the main program when a tempo clock signal from the tempo oscillator 40 arrives. Interrupts the rhythm interrupt program. The working memory 73 is constituted by a RAM, and temporarily stores a plurality of data and flags necessary for executing the program. Among these data and flags, the main ones are as follows.

Rhythm run flag RUN: This flag indicates the operation state of the auto rhythm. "1" indicates that the rhythm is running, and "0" indicates that the rhythm is stopped.

Auto play light flag APW... This flag indicates the operating state of the automatic performance. "1" indicates that automatic performance data is being written to the performance data memory 62 (memory mode), and "0". Indicates that the recording mode is not being performed.

Auto play read flag APR: A flag indicating an operation state of the automatic performance. "1" indicates that automatic performance data is being read from the performance data memory 62 (reproduction mode), and is set to "0". Indicates that the playback mode is not being performed.

Tempo count TCNT... Each time the tempo oscillator 40 generates a tempo clock signal, the count value increments by “1” and indicates the progress position within one bar of the auto rhythm.

Address ADR... Represents the address of the performance data memory 62.

Address ADR (I)... Represents the address of the event buffer register.

Address ADR (KEY) ... Indicates the address of the key buffer register.

Key press data number register SUM1... Indicates the number of key press data that has already been extracted from the event data generated at the same time.

Read data RDDT... Represents the automatic performance data read from the performance data memory 62.

Read timing data RDTIM-Performance data memory 6
Of the automatic performance data read out from 2, only the timing data is particularly shown.

Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described in (1)
A normal performance mode in which a tone is simply generated in response to a key press and release on the keyboard 10 and an operation on the operation panel 20; (2) performance data as data for automatic performance using data based on the key press and release on the keyboard 10 and operation of the operation panel FIG. 5 shows an automatic performance recording mode for writing to the memory 62, and (3) an automatic performance reproducing mode for reading out the automatic performance data in the performance data memory 62 and generating musical tones based on the read out automatic performance data. This will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

(1) Normal performance mode When a power switch (not shown) is turned on, the CPU 72
Starts the execution of the main program in step 100 of FIG. 5, and clears the registers in the working memory 73 in step 101, whereby the microcomputer
Set 70 to the initial state. After this initial setting, the CPU 72 scans each key switch in the key switch circuit 10a in step 102, thereby transmitting key press / release information on the keyboard 10 and operation information of each operator on the operation panel 20 via the bus 30. In step 103, the buffer register memory 63 is read based on the read and released key information and operation information.
In cooperation with the working memory 73, the presence / absence of a key press / release event on the keyboard 10 or an operation event on the operation panel 20 is detected. If no key is depressed or released on the keyboard 10 and no operator is operated on the operation panel 20, the CPU 72 proceeds to step 103.
"NO", that is, it is determined that there is no event, the program returns to step 102, and the cyclic processing including steps 102 and 103 is continuously executed.

When any key is pressed or released on the keyboard 10 or any operation element is operated on the operation panel 20, the CPU 72 determines “YES”, that is, an event is present in the above-described step 103, and executes the program. The process proceeds to step 104 for determining the type of the event. In such a case, in the normal performance mode, since the automatic performance writing operation 24a and the automatic performance reading operation 24b of the various operation groups on the operation panel 20 are not operated, these operations are operated. As will be described later, each key of the keyboard 10, a rhythm start operator 21, a rhythm stop operator 21b, a rhythm selection operator group 22, an up operator 23a, a down operator 23b, and a tone operator group will be described later. The case where the operator 25a or the effect operator group 25b is operated will be described.

First, a case will be described in which each key of the keyboard 10, one of the tone operator group 25a and the effect operator group 25b is operated. In this case, the CPU 72 advances the program to step 105 by the processing of step 104, and
The key / tone color event routine shown in detail in the figure is executed.
In this key / tone event routine, step 20
The execution is started at 0, and all the event data relating to the key and the operating element operated at step 201 are written in the event buffer register provided in the buffer register memory 63. Here, the CPU 72 performs steps 102 and 103
The event detected during one execution of the circulating process is regarded as occurring at the same time, and the key event (press / release key) occurring at the same time is stored in the storage location IVTBUF (ADR) in the event buffer register. Write in order from the beginning. Then, in step 202, all these event data are output to the keyboard tone signal generation circuit 52 via the bus 30, and the address ADR (I) is further stored in each of the storage locations IVTBUF (AD) in the event buffer register.
R) is set to the maximum address where event data is stored, that is, the effective maximum value. The keyboard tone signal generation circuit 52 captures and stores these event data and controls the generation of tone signals based on the data. In this case, if the event data is related to a key press on the keyboard 10, the keyboard tone signal generation circuit 52 starts forming a tone signal of a key tone high frequency corresponding to the depressed key, and The generated tone signal is supplied to the speaker 55 via the amplifier 54. As a result, a tone having a key tone high frequency corresponding to the key pressed on the keyboard 10 is generated from the speaker 55. If the event data is related to a key release on the keyboard 10, a keyboard tone signal generating circuit
52 stops the formation and output of the tone signal relating to the released key which has been being formed as described above. as a result,
From the speaker 55, a musical tone related to a key released from the keyboard 10 is not generated.

On the other hand, if the event data supplied to the keyboard tone signal generation circuit 52 as described above relates to the timbre operator group 25a or the effect operator group 25b, the generator circuit 52 Based on the operated operator, the tone color of the generated musical tone signal or the effect application to the signal is controlled. As a result, the tone color of the musical tone to be produced and the effect imparting to the musical tone are controlled according to the operation of the tone color operator group 25a and the effect operator group 25b.

After the process in step 202, the CPU 72 determines in step 203 whether the auto play write flag APW is “1”. In such a case, the mode of the electronic musical instrument is the normal performance mode, and the flag APW is “0”.
Proceed to The CPU 72 clears all event data in the event buffer register in step 204, terminates execution of the key / tone color event routine in step 205, and returns the program to step 102 in FIG. Then, the CPU 72 executes the circulation process consisting of the above steps 102 and 103 again.During the circulation process, if there is an operation of the key press / release key or the tone operator group 25a on the keyboard 10 and the effect operator group 25b, the processing of the above steps 104 and 105 is performed. As described above, the generation of a musical tone is controlled in accordance with the key press / release or the operation.

Next, a case where one of the rhythm selection operator group 22, the up operator 23a, and the down operator 23b is operated will be described. In this case, the CPU 72
During the circulating process consisting of 02 and 103, "YES" is determined in step 103 as in the above case, the program proceeds to step 104, and the process of step 106 is executed by the determination process of step 104. In the process of step 106, if the operated operator is related to the rhythm selection operator group 22, the rhythm type data stored in the working memory 73 and indicating the rhythm type in the auto rhythm is replaced by the operated operation Updated according to child. Further, when the up operator 23a or the down operator 23b is operated, the tempo control data stored in the working memory 73 and controlling the tempo of the auto rhythm is set to the operation time of the operators 23a and 23b. At the same time, the updated data is supplied to the tempo oscillator 40 via the bus 30, and the frequency of the tempo clock signal output from the oscillator 40 is corrected. Thus, when the rhythm selection operator group 22, the up operator 23a, or the down operator 23b is operated,
By the processing of step 106, the rhythm type and the rhythm tempo are specified according to the operation of the operators 22, 23a, and 23b. Then, after the processing in step 106, the CPU 72 returns the program to step 102 again, and continues the circulation processing including steps 102 and 103.

Further, if the rhythm start operator 21 is operated during the circulation processing, the CPU 72 proceeds to step 103 in the same manner as described above.
After determining "S", the program proceeds to step 104, and the process of step 107 is executed by the determination process of step 104.
In the process of step 107, the rhythm run flag R
UN is set to “1” and the tempo count TCN7 is initialized to “0”. After the processing of this step 107, C
The PU 72 returns the program to step 102 in the same manner as described above, and continues to execute the circulation process including steps 102 and 103 again.

On the other hand, when a tempo clock signal is generated from the tempo oscillator 40 during the circulating process, the CPU 72 suspends the execution of the program and starts executing the rhythm interrupt program of FIG. 10 from step 900. It is determined whether the rhythm run flag RUN is "1". In such a case, the rhythm run flag RUN is set in step 107 described above.
Since it has been set to "1" by the process of FIG. 5 ("YES") in the determination process of step 901, the program proceeds to step 902. CPU72,
In step 902, referring to the rhythm pattern memory 61,
As described above, the rhythm type data set by operating the rhythm selection operator group 22 and the above-described step 107 (fifth
The rhythm pattern data stored in the memory 61 is read out based on the tempo count TCNT initialized to “0” by the processing of FIG. 9 and the read out data is output to the rhythm sound signal generation circuit 51 via the bus 30. I do. The rhythm sound signal generation circuit 51 forms a percussion sound signal specified by the supplied rhythm pattern data, and supplies the signal to a speaker 55 via an amplifier 54. As a result, a percussion instrument sound is generated from the speaker 55 according to the rhythm pattern data.

After the processing in step 902, the CPU 72 determines in step 903 whether or not the auto play read flag APR is “1”. In this case, the electronic musical instrument is set to the normal performance mode, and the auto play read flag APR is “0”.
O is determined, and the program proceeds to step 904. In step 904, the CPU 72 sets the tempo count TCNT to “1” by executing the calculation TCNT = TCNT + 1, that is, sets the tempo count TCNT to “1”. Is determined. In this embodiment, the tempo count TCNT value for quadruple is set to 0 to 47, and the tempo count TCNT value for triple time is set to 0.
The value corresponding to the bar end in the step before step 904 is 47 and 35, respectively, but the value corresponding to the bar end in step 905 is obtained as a result of adding +1 to the tempo count TCNT in step 904. Are 48 and 36 respectively. Now the tempo count
Since TCNT is immediately after being changed from “0” to “1” and does not indicate a bar end value, it is determined to be “NO” in the determination processing of the step 905, and the program proceeds to step 906, In step 906, the execution of the rhythm interrupt program is terminated. As described above, even before the rhythm start operator 21a is operated and the rhythm run flag RUN is set to “0”, when the tempo oscillator 40 generates a tempo clock signal, The rhythm interrupt program is executed, but in such a case, it is determined to be “NO” based on the rhythm run flag RUN set to “0” in the above-mentioned step 901 and the program goes through the above-mentioned step 902 without going through the above-mentioned step 902. Since the process proceeds to 906, no percussion sound is emitted.

After completion of such a rhythm interrupt program, the CPU 7
Step 2 shifts to execution of the interrupted program. Each time the tempo oscillator 40 generates a tempo clock signal, the above-mentioned step 900 of the rhythm interrupt program is executed.
Steps 906 to 906 are executed to control the automatic sounding of the percussion instrument sound based on the rhythm pattern data, and to increment the tempo count TCNT sequentially by "1". During such an operation, when the time corresponding to one measure has elapsed from the operation of the rhythm start control 21a, the rhythm pattern data memory
At the same time when the reading of the rhythm pattern data for one bar stored in 61 is completed, the tempo count TCNT becomes a value corresponding to the bar end, for example, “48”. At this time, the CPU 72 determines “YES” based on the tempo count TCNT in the determination processing of step 905, and
Initialize the tempo count TCNT to “0” at 07,
The program proceeds to step 908. In step 908, it is determined whether or not the auto play light flag APW is "1". In this case, the electronic musical instrument is in the normal performance mode and the flag APW is "0". Determines "NO" in step 908, and terminates the execution of the rhythm interrupt program in step 906. As a result, the auto rhythm performance is executed again from the beginning of the bar. With such an auto rhythm performance,
In this mode, the player can perform a performance on the keyboard 10 together with a desired automatic rhythm performance.

During such automatic rhythm performance, the rhythm stop operator 21b
Is operated, the CPU 72 proceeds to step 1 as in the above case.
During the circulation process consisting of 02 and 103 (FIG. 5), "YES" is determined in step 103, the program proceeds to step 108 by the determination process in step 104, and the rhythm stop routine shown in detail in FIG. Execute In the rhythm stop routine, the execution is started in step 300, the key buffer KEYBUF (ADR) in the buffer register memory 63 is cleared in step 301, and the rhythm run flag RUN is set to "1" in the subsequent step 302. Is determined. In step 302, it is determined to be "YES" based on the rhythm run flag RUN set to "1" as described above, and in the next step 303, the flag RU
N is changed to “0”. Thus, even if a tempo clock signal is output from the tempo oscillator 40 and the rhythm interrupt program (FIG. 10) is executed thereafter, the percussion instrument sound is not emitted as described above, and the automatic rhythm performance is stopped. After the processing in step 303, it is determined in steps 304 and 305 whether the auto play write flag APW and the auto play read flag APR are "1". In this case, the electronic musical instrument is in the normal play mode. Both flags
Since APW and APR are both set to “0”, both the steps 304 and 305 are determined to be “NO”, and the execution of the rhythm stop routine is terminated in the step 305. Even if the rhythm stop operator 21b is operated while the automatic rhythm is stopped, that is, when the rhythm run flag RUN is "0", the rhythm stop routine is started from step 300. In this case, step 302 At "N
It is determined to be "O", and the process of the routine is ended in step 306, so that the operation of the rhythm stop operator 21b does not affect the operation of the electronic musical instrument at all.

(2) Automatic performance recording mode Next, an automatic performance recording mode started by operating the automatic performance writing operator 24a and stopped by operating the rhythm stop operator 21b will be described.

During the circulation process consisting of steps 102 and 103 (FIG. 5), the CPU 72
Determines “YES” in step 103, advances the program to step 109 by the determination processing in step 104, and executes an auto play write routine shown in detail in FIG. 8 in step 109. In this auto play write routine, its execution is started at step 400, and at step 401, the auto play write flag APW and the rhythm run flag RUN are each set to “1”, and the tempo count TCNT and the address ADR are set. Each is initialized to “0”. After the processing of step 401, the program proceeds to step 404, where the execution of the auto play write routine ends. Thus, the initial setting in the automatic performance recording mode is completed. After the execution of the auto play write routine, the CPU 72 advances the program to step 102 (FIG. 5), and continues the circulating process including steps 102 and 103 similar to the above.

In this state, since the rhythm run flag RUN is set to "1", when a tempo clock signal is generated from the tempo oscillator 40, a process consisting of steps 900 to 906 of the rhythm interrupt program (FIG. 10) described above. Is executed, and an auto rhythm performance is performed by the sound emission control of the percussion instrument sound in step 902. In such a case, if the progress of the auto rhythm performance becomes a bar break with the passage of time, the CPU 72 determines “YES” as described above in step 905 during the processing consisting of steps 900 to 906, and
After the initial setting of the tempo count TCNT by the processing of 907, it is determined "YES" based on the auto play light flag APW set to "1" in step 908, and the storage position APM of the performance data memory 62 is determined in step 909. (ADR), a bar code (see FIG. 4) composed of the identification data representing the timing data and the bar end value in the processing before step 904, for example, “47”, is written.
By executing the operation of = ADR + 1, the address ADR is incremented by "1", and the execution of the rhythm interrupt program is terminated in step 906. As a result, a bar code is written into the performance data memory 62 at each bar break timing in accordance with the progress of the auto-rhythm performance.

According to the auto rhythm performance, each key is pressed and released on the keyboard 10 or the tone operator group 27a and the effect operator group 2
When any of the operators in 7b is operated, the above-described steps are performed.
CPU 72 executing the circulation process consisting of 102 and 103 (FIG. 5)
Executes the key / tone color event routine (FIG. 6) of step 105 through the determination processing of steps 103 and 104 to control the generation of musical tones by key performance. When executing this key / tone event routine, the auto play light flag APW
Is set to "1", the CPU 72 determines "YES" in step 203, and advances the program to a performance data writing routine including steps 206 to 221.

In this performance data writing routine, first, at step 206, the storage location APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62
, Timing data is stored as performance data. As shown in FIG. 4, the timing data includes an identification mark and time data TCNT, the identification mark is set to a code indicating that the performance data is timing data, and the time data TCNT is a tempo count TCNT. It is set to the value shown. As a result, the time data TCNT indicates a timing corresponding to the time from the bar break.

After the processing in step 206, the CPU 72 proceeds to steps 207 and 20.
Address ADR (I) in event buffer register at 8
It is determined whether the event data stored in the storage location IVTBUF (ADR) designated by (1) is key press data, key release data, or other data such as timbre.

If the event data is tone data or the like, “NO” is determined in both determination processes, and the program proceeds to step 209. In this step 209, the CPU 72 performs a step-by-step process of the storage position specifying address ADR of the performance data memory 62 (ADR = AD
R + 1), at step 210, the storage location of the event buffer register IVTBUF
Only one event data stored in the (ADR) is retrieved and the retrieved event data is stored as performance data in the storage location APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62 (see FIG. 12). In this case, since the extracted event data relates to the tone operator group 25a or the effect operator group 25b, the identification mark indicating the tone / effect data as shown in FIG. Is stored as performance data.

After the processing of step 210, the CPU 72 advances the program to step 211. In step 211, the CPU 72 clears the event data extracted in step 210 in the event buffer register, and specifies the storage location specifying address ADR (I) of the register. In step 212, it is determined whether or not event data remains in the event buffer register. In this case, if the event data remains, “YES” is determined in step 210, and the CPU 72 returns the program to step 207. On the other hand, when the remaining event data in the event buffer register is exhausted,
The CPU 72 determines “NO” in the step 212, and advances the program to the step 213. Further, in step 213, the address ADR (I) for specifying the event data storage position is cleared, and in step 214, the address ADR for specifying the performance data storage position is advanced by "I". The execution of the key / tone color event routine ends.

At the time of the determination in the steps 207 and 208, if the data fetched into the storage location IVTBUF (ADR) of the event buffer register is the key press data,
The judgment of 208 is "YES" and the program proceeds to step 215.
Proceed to In step 215, the CPU 72 checks the key press data number register SUM1. If the register SUM1 remains in the initial setting state “0”, this determination is “NO” and the program proceeds to step 216. And step 216
After writing "1" in the register SUM1, the program proceeds to step 209 to execute the above-described processing from step 209. In such a case, the event data extracted in step 210 is related to a key press on the keyboard 10, and includes a key press code KC indicating a key press and an identification mark indicating a key press as shown in FIG. Key data is stored as performance data. Step 20 above
If at least one key press data is included in the event data taken into the event buffer register as occurring at the same time in step 1 and it is taken out in step 210, the register SUM1 has already At 216, “1” is written. Therefore,
In this case, the determination in step 215 is “YES” and the CPU 72
Advances the program to step 212 above. In this case, the processing from step 212 described above is executed without writing the key press data taken in the storage location IVTBUF (ADR) to the performance data memory 62.

In the electronic musical instrument, in step 201, each storage location IVTBUF (AD
R), the event data buffer address ADR (I) is incremented in order from 0, and simultaneous key depression data is sequentially acquired from the low tone, and the address ADR ( I) is set to the effective maximum value, and the address ADR (I) is decremented by -1 each time step 211 and step 218 described later are executed.
By doing so, the key press data detection and extraction processing in steps 207 and 208 is executed in the reverse order to that when the event data is imported. Further, as described above, it is determined in step 215 whether or not the key depression data has already been extracted. Only when the register SUM1 is "0", the key depression data is extracted in step 210, and the performance data memory 62
And after writing the key press data
At 216, the key press data number register SUM1 is set to "1". Thereby, in the electronic musical instrument,
Single tone selection recording with high tone priority is performed such that only one key depression data of the highest tone of the key depression data generated at the same time is recorded. FIG. 12 shows how event data is extracted from each storage location IVTBUF (ADR) of the event buffer register and recorded in the storage location APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62.

At the time of the determination in steps 207 and 208, if the data taken into the storage location IVTBUF (ADR) of the event buffer register is key release data,
The determination in step 207 is “YES”, and the program proceeds to step 217.
Proceed to At step 217, the CPU 72 clears the key release data which is the event data taken into the storage location IVTBUF (ADR) in the event buffer register, and at step 218, stores the storage location designation address ADR (IDR ) Is decremented by one, and in step 219, it is determined whether or not event data that has not yet been extracted and cleared remains in the event buffer register. If event data still remains, "YES" is determined in step 219, and the program returns to step 207. On the other hand, if no event data remains in the event buffer register, “NO” is determined in step 219, and the program proceeds to step 220. In this step 220, the address ADR (I) for specifying the storage position of the event data is cleared, and the address ADR for specifying the storage position of the performance data 62 is decremented by 1. In the following step 221 the storage of the performance data 62 specified by the address ADR is performed. It is determined whether or not the data recorded in the position APM (ADR) is time data. That is, in this step 221, it is determined whether or not the last data recorded in the performance data memory 62 is valid data other than time data. If this last data is time data,
The determination in step 221 is “YES”. In this case, CPU72
Advances the program to step 205, terminates the execution of the key / tone color event routine in step 205, and returns the program to step 102 in FIG. As described above, when the event data detected in step 103 and taken in as being simultaneously generated in step 201 is only the key release data, the processing proceeds from step 206 to the cyclic processing of steps 207 and 217 to 219. The performance data memory 62 is executed in the order of steps 220 and 205.
Since the time data remains set at the storage location where the time data is recorded, the timing data at that time is overwritten and erased when the next event occurs. That is, in the electronic musical instrument, no key release data is recorded, and when the event data is only the key release data, no timing data is recorded.

In the above description, if the last data recorded in the performance data memory 62 is not time data, the determination in step 221 is “NO”. In this case, the CPU 72 advances the program to step 214, and in step 214,
After R is incremented by 1 to return to the head position of the unrecorded portion of the performance data memory 62, the execution of the key / timbre event routine is terminated in step 205, and the program is executed in step 10 of FIG.
Return to 2. As described above, when the event data detected in step 103 and captured as occurring simultaneously in step 201 includes data such as a key press or a tone color other than the key release data, the timing data recorded up to that time , And event data other than the key release data are stored, and are recorded more continuously when the next event data occurs.

By executing the above key / timbre event routine, if there is a key press on the keyboard 10 or an operation of the tone operator group 25a and the effect operator group 25b on the panel 20, the key press on the key or the operator operated simultaneously is performed. Data or tone data is stored after the timing data. However,
No key release data is recorded. When the event data generated at the timing is only the key release data, the timing data is not recorded.

The above steps of such a key / timbre event routine
As a result of the processing consisting of steps 206 to 221 and the processing of steps 908 and 909 of the rhythm interrupt program (FIG. 10), the format of the performance data stored in the performance data memory 62, as shown in FIG. Along with storing the bar code, the performance data relating to the key depression on the keyboard 10, the tone color operator group 25a or the effect operator group 25b is stored together for the events that occurred simultaneously with the timing data at the top.

Next, when the rhythm stop operator 21b is operated to end the automatic performance recording mode,
The CPU 72 executing the circulation process consisting of 2,103 (FIG. 5)
In step 103, "YES" is determined as in the above case, and the program proceeds to step 108 by the determination processing in step 104. In step 108, the rhythm stop routine shown in detail in FIG. 7 is executed. Also in this case, as in the case described above, the execution of the rhythm stop routine is started from step 300, the key buffer register KEYBUF is cleared by the processing of steps 301 to 303, and the rhythm run flag RUN is set to "0". The auto rhythm performance is controlled to stop. In this case, since the auto play light flag APW is set to “1”, the CPU 72 determines “YE” in the determination processing of step 304 after the processing of step 303.
S ", the program proceeds to an automatic performance recording mode end routine consisting of steps 307 to 322.

In this end routine, the CPU 72 writes the end timing data, which is the current tempo count TCNT value, into the storage location APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62 in step 307, and then, in steps 308 to 311, immediately before the end. Key depression data at the timing is detected. That is, step
In step 308, the address ADR is decremented by one, and in step 309, it is determined whether or not the data APM (ADR) immediately before writing the end timing data is timing data. In such a case, at least one event data is written between the timing data in the automatic performance data writing routine processing of steps 207 to 221 in FIG. "
The program proceeds to step 310. At step 310, the CPU 72 determines whether or not the immediately preceding data APM (ADR) is key press data. If it is key press data, the data APM (ADR) is fetched into the key buffer register storage location KEYBUF (ADR) in step 311, and the key buffer register storage location designation address ADR (KEY) is advanced. If it is not key depression data, the program directly returns to step 308, skipping step 311. The key press data at the timing immediately before the end is detected by the cyclic processing including steps 308 to 311 and stored in the key buffer register.

Each time the cyclic processing consisting of steps 308 to 311 is repeated, the address ADR is decremented by one in step 308, and if timing data is detected as data APM (ADR), the determination in step 309 becomes "YES", The program proceeds to step 312.

In the circulation processing consisting of steps 312 and 313, the CPU 72
After repeating the step of the address ADR to the storage position where the end timing data is stored,
Advance the program to

Next, the CPU 72 records the data between the immediately preceding timing data recording position and the end timing data recording position in the performance data memory 62 in steps 314 to 320, and takes in the key buffer in step 311. Key release data corresponding to the depressed key data is created and stored in a recording position subsequent to the end timing data recording position. That is, the CPU 72 advances the address ADR in step 314. As a result, the storage location next to the storage location where the end timing data is stored is addressed.
Subsequently, at step 315, it is determined whether or not data is stored in the key buffer register KEYBUF. The data stored in this register KEYBUF is stored in the above steps 308 to 3
As is clear from the processing in step 11, the key press data. If key press data is stored in register KEYBUF, step
At 316, the key press data stored in the storage location KEYBUF (ADR) of the register KEYBUF is taken out, the upper 2 bits of the key press data are rewritten with the key release code, and the key release data corresponding to the key press data is rewritten. Key data is created, and the key release data is stored at step 317 in the storage location APM (AD
R), and in step 318, the fetch data KEYBUF (ADR) of the key buffer register KEYBUF is cleared. In step 319, the key buffer address ADR (KEY)
After subtracting -1, it is determined in step 320 whether or not the address ADR (KEY) is all "1", that is, whether or not the entire key buffer register KEYBUF (ADR) has been searched.
If the search has not been completed, the process returns to step 314 to repeat the circulating process of steps 314 to 320.

In step 315, if no data is written in the key buffer register, that is, if the key press data at the timing represented by the immediately preceding timing data is not recorded in the performance data, the determination in step 315 is "NO". The program proceeds to step 321. If the data has been written to the key buffer register and the search for all the storage locations of the key buffer register has been completed by the circulating process including the steps 314 to 321, the determination in the step 320 is “YES”. , And the program proceeds to step 321 also in this case.

In step 321, the CPU 72 stores the end code (see FIG. 4) in the storage location APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62 specified by the address ADR, and
Initialize R to "0". As a result, as shown in FIG. 13, an end code is written at the end of the performance data string.

After the processing in step 321, the CPU 72 sets the auto play write flag APW to “0” in step 322, and advances the program to step 305. When the auto play light flag APW is set to "0", there is a key depression or operation of the tone control group 25a or the effect control group 25b on the keyboard 10, as in the normal performance mode (1) described above. In the key / tone color event routine (FIG. 6), the determination is "NO" in step 203, and the performance data relating to the key press / release or the operation is not written into the performance data memory 62. In this state, even if the rhythm interrupt program (FIG. 10) is executed in response to the generation of the tempo clock signal from the tempo oscillator 40 and the tempo count TCNT reaches the bar end value, the program proceeds to step 908 of the program. It is determined as "NO" and the bar code is not written into the performance data memory 62. In this way, the stop of the automatic performance recording mode is controlled by setting the auto play light flag APW to “0”. Then, after the processing of step 322 (FIG. 7), the CPU 72 determines in step 305 that the auto play read flag APR is set to "0" as in the case of the normal performance mode (1).
Is determined to be “NO” based on the above, and the execution of the rhythm stop routine is terminated in step 306.

(3) Automatic Performance Playback Mode Next, an automatic performance playback mode which is started by the operation of the automatic performance readout operator 24b and stopped by the end of the automatic performance in a predetermined section or the operation of the rhythm stop operator 21b will be described.

If the automatic performance reading operator 24b is operated during the circulation processing consisting of steps 102 and 103 (FIG. 5) described above, the CPU 72 determines "YES" in step 103 and executes the program in step 110 by the determination processing in step 104. Proceed to step 1
At 10, an auto play read routine shown in detail in FIG. 9 is executed. In this auto play read routine, its execution is started in step 500.

In step 504, the CPU 72 initializes the auto play read flag APR and the rhythm run flag RUN to “1” and initializes the tempo count TCNT to “0”.

Next, the CPU 72 determines in step 505 that the address ADR
Storage location APM (A
Performance data (timing data) stored in the DR)
And read the read data into read timing data RD.
Set as TIM, and in step 506 address ADR
Is saved in the address buffer register ADRBUF, and in step 507, the execution of the auto play read routine ends.

After the execution of the auto play read routine, the CPU 72
Are the same as steps (1) and (2), steps 102 and 103
The circulation process consisting of (FIG. 5) is continued. In such a case, if there is an operation of the key press / release key or the tone operator group 25a and the effect operator group 25b on the keyboard 10, the process of step 105 is executed in the same manner as in the above (1) and (2), and The generation of a musical tone by the musical tone signal generating circuit 52 in accordance with a key press or release of the keyboard 10 is controlled. On the other hand, when the tempo clock signal is generated from the tempo oscillator 40, the rhythm interrupt program (FIG. 10) is executed in the same manner as in the above (1),
Rhythm pattern memory by processing of steps 900 to 908
An auto rhythm performance is performed by 61 and the rhythm sound signal generation circuit 51.

In such a case, since the auto play read flag APR is set to “1”, the CPU 72 determines “YES” in step 903 during execution of the rhythm interrupt program, and proceeds to step 911 in FIG. The processing of the automatic performance data reading routine shown in detail is executed.

This automatic performance data reading routine is executed in step 60.
Starting at 0, the CPU 72 first sets the tempo count TCNT value in step 601 from the read timing data RDTIM initialized by the processing in step 505 (FIG. 9) or the processing in step 659 to be described later. It is determined whether the read timing data RDTIM is equal to one less than the read timing data RDTIM, that is, the key release timing (RDTIM-1). If the key release timing (RDTIM-1) is not equal to the tempo count TCNT, "NO" is determined in step 601 and the program proceeds to step 651. On the other hand, when the tempo count TCNT rises and the key release timing (RDTIM-1) becomes equal to the tempo count TCNT, the CPU 72 determines “YES” in step 601 and in step 602 stores the address ADR in the address buffer. After saving to the register ADRBUF, the key-off routine of steps 603 to 608 is executed. That is, in step 603, the address ADRS is incremented by "1", and the performance data stored in the storage position APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62 specified by the incremented address ADR is read out.
The read performance data is set as read data RDDT.

Next, the CPU 72 determines whether the read data RDDT is timing data (including a bar code), key press data or other data (key release data, data such as tone color, or end code) by the respective determination processes of steps 605 and 606. Determine whether the data is data. Now, if the read data RDDT is key press data, “YE
In step 608, key release data corresponding to the currently depressed key press data is created and output to the automatic performance tone signal generation circuit 53 via the bus 30. The automatic performance tone signal generation circuit 53 controls the formation of the tone signal based on the supplied key release data, and stops the tone signal currently being generated. As a result, the tone generated by the speaker 55 in the processing of step 658, which will be described later, is subjected to key-off processing a predetermined time before the next key depression, for example, one tempo clock before.

After the processing in step 608, the CPU 72 returns the program to step 603. In step 603, the address ADR is incremented by “1”, and the incremented address is set.
Storage location A in the performance data memory 62 specified by ADR
The performance data stored in PM (ADR) is read data R
Set again as DDT, and read data RDDT
Is determined by the processing of steps 605 and 606.

If the read data RDDT is other data (key release data, tone color data, or an end code), the determination is “NO” in both of the determination processes of Steps 605 and 606, and the CPU 72 skips the process of Step 608. To return the program directly from step 606 to step 603. In this case, no data is sent to the automatic performance tone signal generation circuit 53, and the tone generated from the speaker 55 is read data.
Not affected by RDDT.

If the read data RDDT set in the above step 604 becomes timing data or a bar code during the cyclic processing consisting of steps 603 to 608, the CPU 72 proceeds to step 605.
Is determined to be "YES", and the program proceeds to step 651.

In this step 651, the CPU 72 executes the above step 505
It is determined whether the read timing data RDTIM initially set by the processing of FIG. 9 or the read timing data RDTIM subsequently set by the processing of step 659 described later is equal to the tempo count TCNT. If the read timing data RDTIM is not equal to the tempo count TCNT, "NO" is determined in the step 651, and the execution of the automatic performance data read routine is ended in a step 652. On the other hand, when the tempo count TCNT rises and the read timing data RDTIM becomes equal to the tempo count TCNT, the CPU 72 determines “YES” in the same step 651, and in step 653,
After the address data saved by the processing of step 2 or step 506 (FIG. 9) is restored as the address ADR, the address ADRS is incremented by "1" and incremented in step 654. The performance data stored in the storage location APM (ADR) of the performance data memory 62 specified by the address ADR is read, and the read performance data is set as read data RDDT.

Next, the CPU 72 determines that the read data RDDT is one of the timing data (or bar code), the end code or other data (key press data, key release data or tone color data) by the respective determination processes of steps 655 and 656. Determine whether the data is data. Now, the read data RD
If DT is any other data (key press data, key release data, tone color data, etc.), all the determination processes in steps 655 and 656 are determined to be "NO", and in step 658 the read data RDDT is automatically It is output to the musical tone signal generating circuit 53 for performance via the bus 30. The automatic performance tone signal generation circuit 53 controls the formation of a tone signal based on the supplied key press data, key release data or tone color data, and outputs the formed tone signal to a speaker 55 via an amplifier 54. , And the speaker 55 emits a musical tone corresponding to the musical tone signal. As a result, a musical tone is automatically generated from the speaker 55 based on the performance data stored in the performance data memory 62.

After the processing in step 658, the CPU 72 returns the program to step 654. In step 654, the address ADR is incremented by "1". In step 654, the performance data memory designated by the incremented address ADR. The performance data stored at the storage location APM (ADR) in 62 is set again as the read data RDDT, and the type of the read data RDDT is determined by the processing of steps 655 to 657. In such a case, the read data RDDT is again depressed key data,
If the data is key release data, tone color, etc., step 658 is performed again.
The generation of the musical tone is controlled by the processing of. In this manner, all key depression data, key release data, tone color data, etc. stored at the same timing are read from the performance data memory 62, and the generation of automatic performance musical tones is controlled.

If the read data RDDT set in the above step 654 becomes timing data or a bar code during the cyclic processing consisting of steps 654 to 658, the CPU 72 proceeds to step 6.
At 55, "YES" is determined, and at step 659 the read data RDDT is set as the REIT timing data RDTIM, and at step 652, the execution of the automatic performance data reading routine is terminated. After that, every time the rhythm interrupt program is executed, the processing consisting of steps 600 to 652 is executed, and the set read timing data RD is set.
When TIM becomes equal to the tempo count TCNT, the CPU 72 executes the above-mentioned processing consisting of steps 654 to 658 to control the sounding of the automatically-played musical tone.

Also, the read data RDD set in step 654 above
When T becomes the end code, the CPU 72 determines “NO” in step 655, then determines “YES” in step 656, and in step 662, sets the auto play read flag to stop the automatic play mode and the auto rhythm. The APR and the rhythm run flag are set to "0", and the execution of the automatic performance data reading routine is terminated in step 652.

On the other hand, as described above, before the end code is read from the small performance data memory 62, the rhythm stop operator 21b
The automatic performance playback mode is also stopped when is operated.
That is, when the rhythm stop operator 21b is operated, the CPU 72 executes a rhythm stop routine (FIG. 7), and sets the rhythm run flag RUN to "0" by the processing of steps 301 to 303 in the routine. Is done. Also, in the above step 305 of the rhythm stop routine, it is determined to be “YES” based on the auto play read flag APR being “1”, and the CPU 72 sets the auto play read flag APR to “0” in step 323. Then, in step 306, the execution of the routine ends.

As described above, in the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 2, only the key depression data is recorded as the key data except for the key release data recorded immediately before the end code of the performance data. Can be saved. In other words, double songs can be recorded with the same memory capacity,
For the same song, the memory capacity can be halved.

Even if performance data is recorded with a long key-off time between key-ons, such as staccato, the playback sound is as smooth as legato, i.e., as if the key-pressing time was properly protected. As a result, even if a beginner or the like inputs a performance, it is possible to hear as if the expert input the performance.

[Other embodiments] In the above embodiment, the tempo count TCNT
Is set at each bar break, but may be reset when event data arrives or is read. That is, in the above-described embodiment, the tempo count TCNT value indicates the timing within a bar, but may indicate the time interval between events.
In the latter case, at the time of reading the performance data, the time data at the time of the event is taken into the timer register, and the value of this register is counted down by one every tempo pulse by a subtraction method, and the count output value of the timer register is counted. A short time before, for example, 1 to 3, key-off processing may be performed, and when 0, the next event data may be read.

In the above-described embodiment, when the automatic performance recording mode is ended, the key release data is written before the end code at the end of the performance data. In the reproduction mode, when the end code is read, all the tone generation channel registers may be cleared on the tone signal generation circuit side.

Further, in the above description, the present invention is applied only to key event data related to a key press and release on the keyboard 10, but the present invention is also applicable to panel event data such as timbre.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a claim correspondence diagram corresponding to the description of the claims, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument provided with an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an external view showing details of the operation panel, FIG. 4 is a format diagram of various performance data stored in the performance data memory of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 12 is a flowchart corresponding to an example of a program to be executed. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an event data transfer process from the event buffer register in the buffer register memory of FIG. 2 to the performance data memory of FIG. FIG. 13 is a format diagram showing an example of performance data, and FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an automatic performance recording mode end operation in the electronic musical instrument of FIG. 10: keyboard, 10a: key switch circuit, 20: operation panel, 24a: auto play write operator, 24b: auto play read operator, 40: tempo oscillator, 53: automatic performance tone signal generation circuit, 62: performance data Memory, 70: microcomputer.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A performance data memory for storing data representing the timing and content of a change in the tone generation state as performance data for controlling the generation of musical tones as the music progresses, and a key for generating key press and key release data. Data input means, buffer means for temporarily storing key press and key release data generated from the key data input means, and key release data of the last musical tone of the music among the key press and key release data stored in the buffer means Writing control means for writing in the performance data memory by omitting at least the key release data other than the above, sequentially reading out the performance data stored in the performance data memory in accordance with the progress of the music, and outputting it in accordance with the timing data, When key press data indicating the occurrence of a new tone is read, key release data indicating the end of the tone currently being generated is created, and An automatic performance device comprising: read control means for outputting a predetermined key data before a key pressed data; and a sound source for controlling generation and stop of a musical tone based on the key pressed and key released data.