JP2548869B2 - Extruder - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an extruder for extruding a billet loaded in a hole of a container through a die and molding the billet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In extrusion molding of, for example, aluminum or its alloy, when one billet is extruded, a large amount of impurities are contained in a portion left unpressed at the end of extrusion in order to maintain the quality of a molded product. In addition, processing of this part into a molded product must be avoided. Therefore, in order to carry out the next extrusion after one extrusion is completed, after removing the unpressed portion remaining in the container as a discard from the inside of the container, the billet for the next molding is loaded into the hole of the container. There is a need to.

In the conventional extruder, since there is only one hole in the container per die, the process from the removal of the discard to the loading of the billet for the next molding is performed as shown in FIG. The extruder is controlled by the following procedure.

First, when the extrusion is completed, the ram and the stem (51) provided on the ram, which applies the pressing force to the billet from the back, are retracted, and then the container (52) is retracted. In this state, the discard (53) comes out of the hole (54) of the container (52) and is extruded (55).
Since it is connected to and remains on the die (56) side, the shear (57) is lowered and the discard (53) is cut and removed. Next, the shear (57) is moved up, the container (52) is moved forward to be brought into close contact with the die (56), and then the stem (51) is moved forward to set the next molding set behind the container (52). The billet is loaded into the hole (54).

[0005]

However, since the operation procedure for removing the discard (53) and loading the billet as described above is performed sequentially,
During this period, the next extrusion molding cannot be performed because of idle time in the molding cycle. Such idle time is about 20 seconds even for a small extruder and 50 seconds for a large extruder, which reduces the production efficiency of the extruded material. Since the billet is loaded from behind the container (52), the ram should be placed so that the distance (s, see FIG. 6) between the container (52) and the tip of the stem (51) is longer than the length of the billet. I have to retreat. That is, the ram must be retracted from the position at the end of extrusion by a distance about twice the length of the billet, and in order to take such a large stroke, the extruder becomes large and the manufacturing cost of the extruder is high. There is also the problem that

The present invention aims to solve the above problems, and provides an extruder capable of shortening the idle time in the molding cycle, improving the production efficiency of the extruded material, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the extruder. Is what you are trying to do.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the extruder of the present invention is configured to be movable in a die (14) and a plane orthogonal to the extrusion direction, and the die (14). The billet (P) has at least two billet loading holes (11a, 11b) for one of them, and one of the holes (11a) faces the die (14) and is loaded in the hole (11a). And a container (12) in a standby position where another hole (11b) can be loaded with a billet (P ') for the next molding when the container is in an extruding position where it can be extruded. And a ram (18) for extruding the billet (P) in the hole (11a) at the extrusion position through the die (14) by forward drive, and the extrusion at the extrusion position is completed, La After (18) is retracted, each hole (11a, 11b) pushing position and as the standby position is changed ON, and the discard is sheared Container
Extruding the container (12) so that it remains inside (12)
Container moving means (15, 16, 17) for moving in a plane orthogonal to the direction, and extrusion of the container (12)
Billet loaded in the hole (11a) in position
During extrusion of (P), the hole (11
When the billet (P ') for the next molding is loaded in b),
To, the billet (P') by the container (1 2) of the
Billet loading means (21) for discharging the residual discard
a, 21b) are provided.

[0008]

The extruder container (12) of the present invention has at least two holes (11a, 11a,
11b) and each hole (11a, 11b)
Billets (P, P ') can be loaded into the. When one hole (11a) of such a container (12) is in the extrusion position facing the die (14), the other hole (11b) is in the standby position and the hole (11a) in the extrusion position. ) Is loaded in the billet (P) is a ram (1
The billet (P ') for the next molding can be loaded in the hole (11b) at the standby position while being extruded through the die (14) by the forward drive of 8). Then, the extrusion at the extrusion position is completed, and the ram (18)
After retreating, the container moving means (15, 16, 1)
When the container (12) is moved in the plane orthogonal to the extrusion direction by 7), the extrusion position and the standby position of each hole (11a, 11b) are switched. In other words, the hole (11a) that has finished extrusion moves to the standby position, and the hole (11b) loaded with the billet (P ') for the next molding moves to the extrusion position, and the hole (11b).
The billet (P ') loaded in the mold will be extruded in the subsequent molding. Then, in the two holes (11a, 11b), such extrusion and billet loading are alternately repeated and performed in parallel in both holes. Therefore, when one extrusion is completed, the next extrusion can be performed without waiting for the next billet loading.

In the extruder in which extrusion molding is continuously performed in the above cycle, the discard (D) generated during extrusion is removed from the container (12) as follows.

When extrusion is completed and the ram (18) retreats, and the container (12) moves in a plane orthogonal to the extrusion direction while the discard (D) and the extrusion material (E) are integrally connected, Due to the shearing force generated at the boundary between the die (14) and the container (12), the discard (D) is cut while remaining in the hole (11a) of the container (12). Then, the remaining hole (11a) of the discard (D) moves to the standby position, and the billet loading means
By (21a) and (21b) , the billet (P
When ') is loaded, it is ejected from the container (13) by being ejected in the loading direction by this billet (P').
Thus, in the continuous process of extrusion and billet loading as described above, the cutting of the discard (D) is performed together with the movement of the container (12), and the discharging is loaded by the billet (P '). Therefore, no special control operation is required for these operations. Further, since the billet (P ') is loaded independently of the operation of the ram (18), the backward stroke of the ram (18) after the completion of the extrusion is provided at the tip of the ram (18) or the ram (18). The tip of the stem (20) has holes (11a, 11
It is sufficient that the container (12) can be moved away from b).

[0011]

Next, a specific embodiment of the extruder of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The extruder (1) of the present invention shown in FIG.
In the above, the container (12) having two holes (hole A (11a) and hole B (11b)) is arranged so as to face the die (14) that abuts on the end platen (13). . In this container (12), the rod (16) of the container moving cylinder (15) is driven to move back and forth in the horizontal direction (vertical direction in the drawing), so that the container is moved along the two guide rails (17) in a direction orthogonal to the pushing direction. To
While moving horizontally, the holes A and B (11a,
11b) respectively stop at the positions facing the dies (14), that is, at the extrusion position which coincides with the extrusion center. A main cylinder (19) for driving the main ram (18) to move back and forth in the pushing direction (left and right direction in the drawing) is provided behind the container (12) in the pushing position. A (11a) or Hall B
Stem (20) to the loaded billet (P) of (11b)
Extrusion is performed by applying a pressing force via.

When one of the holes is in such an extrusion position, the other hole is always in the standby position where the billet for the next molding can be supplied, and the standby position of the hole A (11a) is the die (14). ), The right side of the extrusion center, and the standby position of the hole B (11b) is also the left side of the extrusion center. Further, the stem (2) of the main ram (18) is
0) the left and right holes A, B (11a, 11b) at the positions corresponding to the standby positions, respectively. The billet pushers A, B (21a, 21b) for loading billets, respectively.
Is provided. These billet pushers A, B
(21a, 21b) are rods A, B (22
a, 22b) and a billet pusher cylinder A for driving the rods A, B (22a, 22b) forward and backward in parallel with the pushing direction (left and right in the drawing) independently of the forward and backward movement of the main ram (18). B (23a, 23b).

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, above and below the extruded material passage hole (24) of the end platen (13),
A seal cylinder (27a, 27b) is provided to drive the container seal rod (26a, 26b), to which the L-shaped container seal (25a, 25b) is fixed at the tip end, in the pushing direction (right and left direction in the drawing). There is. Then, at each stop position of the container (12), as shown by the solid line, the container seal rod (2
6a, 26b) are retracted to the left in the drawing, and the container seals (25a, 25b) are engaged with the collar portion (28) projecting from the peripheral edge of the container (12) on the die (14) side. The container (12) is fixed to the die (14) in a sealed state so that it can be extruded. When moving the container (12), the container seal rods (26a, 26b) are advanced to the right in the drawing as indicated by the broken line to move the container seal rod (26) and the container seal (25a, 25a, 26b). 25b) is disengaged so that the container can be moved.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, below the space between the container (12) and the main cylinder (19), a spare billet (P ') supplied from the outside is placed in a waiting position. Billet charger (30) and billet loader A, B (31a, 31)
b) is provided. This billet charger (3
0) is a billet receiver (32) on which the spare billet (P ') is placed, and a conveyor (33) which conveys the billet receiver (32) to the lower rear of the holes A, B (11a, 11b) at the standby position. It is composed of The billet loaders A and B (31a and 31b) are connected to the holes A and B, respectively.
The billet receiver (34) is provided at a position corresponding to the standby position of (11a, 11b), and receives the preliminary billet (P ') conveyed from the billet charger (30) and places it on the tip portion. This billet receiver (3
4) to which the loader rods A, B (35a, 35)
b) and these loader rods A, B (35a, 3)
5b) is driven up and down to load the preliminary billet (P ') to the height of the holes A, B (11a, 11b), and loader cylinders A, B (36a, 36b). In FIG. 3, the hole A (11a) is in the pushing position and the hole B (11b) is in the standby position.

In the extruder (1) as described above,
For example, a process of continuously extruding while supplying a billet of aluminum or its alloy will be described with reference to a time chart shown in FIG. In this description, the description will be started from a state in which the hole A (11a) already loaded with the billet (P) is at the extrusion position.

(I) First, the stem (20) is moved forward to extrude the billet (P) loaded in the hole A (11a), leaving a certain amount of discard, and when the extrusion is completed, the stem (20) is moved to the hole. It is retracted to a position where it comes out of A (11a). A billet is loaded into the hole B (11b) during the extrusion of the hole A (11a) in preparation for the next extrusion.
The description is omitted because it overlaps with the method of loading (11b) (see FIG. 1).

(Ii) Container seal rod (26a, 2
6b) is advanced and container seal (25a, 25b)
In a container movable state in which the engagement between the container and the collar portion (28) of the container (12) is released, the rod (16) of the container moving cylinder (15) is advanced to move the container (1
When 2) is horizontally moved in the direction orthogonal to the extrusion direction, the discard (D) remaining in the hole A (11a) while being connected to the extruded material (E) becomes the die (14) due to the shearing force. It is cut at the boundary of the container (12) and remains in the hole A (11a) even after the container (12) is moved, the hole A (11a) is in the standby position, and the hole B (11b) is in the extrusion position. Moving.

(Iii) Container seal rod (26a, 2
6b) is retracted and the container seal (25a, 25b) and the flange portion (28) of the container (12) are engaged with each other, the stem (20) is advanced and the hole B is moved forward.
The billet (P) loaded in (11b) is extruded leaving a fixed amount of discard. In parallel with the extrusion of the hole B (11b), the loader rod A (35a) of the billet loader A (31a) is raised, and the billet charger (30) conveys it to the lower rear of the hole A (11a) and waits. The spare billet (P ') that had been
4) and lifted up to the height of the hole A (11a), and further rod A of the billet pusher A (21a).
(22a) is moved to the left in the drawing and the preliminary billet (P
′) Is loaded in the hole A (11a). When this spare billet (P ') is inserted from the back of the container (12), the discard (D) remaining on the die (14) side of the hole A (11a) projects to the spare billet (P'). It is then extruded and discharged from the container (12) (see FIG. 5). Note that when the preliminary billet (P ') is loaded into the hole A (11a), the billet pusher A
The rod A (22a) of (21a) is retracted and the loader rod A (3 of the billet loader A (31a) is moved.
5a) is lowered to prepare for the next preliminary bite (P ') loading.

(Iv) Hall B (1
When the extrusion of 1b) is completed, the stem (20) is moved to hole B.
Retreat to the position where it comes out from (11b).

(V) Container seal rods (26a, 26a
b) is moved forward and the container moving cylinder (1) is moved in the container movable state in which the container seals (25a, 25b) and the flange portion (28) of the container (12) are disengaged.
5) The rod (16) is retracted and the container (12)
When moved horizontally , the hole B (1
The residual discard in 1b) is cut by the shearing force at the boundary between the die (14) and the container (12) and remains in the hole B (11b) even after the movement of the container (12). B (11b) moves to the standby position, and hole A (11a) moves to the pushing position.

(Vi) Container seal rod (26a, 2
6b) is retracted and the container seal (25a, 25b) is engaged with the flange portion (28) of the container (12) in an extrudable state, the stem (20) is advanced and the hole A is moved.
The billet (P) loaded in (11a) is extruded leaving a fixed amount of discard. In parallel with the extrusion of the hole A (11a), the loader rod B (35b) of the billet loader B (31b) is lifted and already conveyed to the lower rear of the hole B (11b) by the billet charger (30). The standby billet (P ') was transferred to the billet receiver (34) and lifted up to the height of the hole B (11b), and further the rod B of the billet pusher B (21b).
(22a) is advanced to load the spare billet (P ') into the hole B (11b). When this spare billet (P ') is inserted from behind the container (12), the hole B
Discard remaining on the die (14) side of (11b) is ejected from the container (12) by being ejected to the spare billet (P '). When the charging of the preliminary billet (P ') into the hole A (11a) is completed, the rod A (22a) of the billet pusher A (21a) is retracted, and the loader rod A (34a) of the billet loader A (31a) is moved. To prepare for the next preliminary bite (P ′) loading.

In the extruder of this embodiment, the above-mentioned process is repeated, and extrusion molding is continuously performed while sequentially supplying the billet.

Comparing the extruder of the present invention with the conventional extruder described above, the idle time can be shortened and the extrusion molding cycle can be shortened to improve the production efficiency in the following points. You can

(A) In the present invention, extrusion and billet loading for the next molding can be performed simultaneously in parallel, and the substantial idle time is only the time for moving the container (12).

(B) In the present invention, since the discard (D) is cut while leaving the discard (D) in the holes (11a, 11b) of the container (12), the container (12) is cut for cutting. Since there is no need to retreat in the extrusion direction, the retreat time of the container (12) and the advancing time of the container (12) for the next molding are unnecessary, and such advancing / retreating drive of the container (12) is unnecessary. In order to
The stroke of the container seal (25a, 25b) is about 20 mm compared to the conventional 500 to 600 mm, and this time can be shortened significantly. Further, the discharge of the discard (D) from the container (12) is performed by the billet loading means (2
1a, 21b), which is also performed as the loading operation of the next molding billet, does not require extra time.

[0027] The (c) in the present invention comprise a container (12) de
Since the discard card (D) is cut by moving the discard card in the container in a plane orthogonal to the extrusion, the shearing time is unnecessary.

(D) In the present invention, billet loading is performed by billet pushers A, B (21a, 21b) at the standby positions of the holes A, B (11a, 11b) of the container (12).
Since the stem (20) is not used, the retreating stroke of the stem (main ram (18)) after the completion of extrusion is such that the tip of the stem (20) is in the holes A, B (11a,
It is enough that the container (12) can be moved away from 11b), which is about 1/2 of the conventional one. Therefore, the stroke time is about 1/2.

In this embodiment, an extruder having one die has been described as an example. However, even in an extruder having two or more dies, if the container is provided with 2 holes for each die, As in the present embodiment, the molding cycle can be shortened and the production efficiency can be improved. Also,
Upon replacement of the pushing position and the standby position of the holes in this embodiment, the water container to the extrusion direction perpendicular directions
Although the operation is performed by moving the container horizontally, the positions may be switched by rotating the container.

Further, according to the present invention, not only the improvement of the production efficiency but also the miniaturization of the main cylinder and the driving of the main cylinder by halving the stroke of the main ram are related to the above (b) and (d). It is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the extruder by downsizing the hydraulic device and the like, and by eliminating the need for a shear or a discharge mechanism for cutting the discard in connection with (b) and (c).

The container moving means in the present invention is the container moving cylinder (15) in the present embodiment.
Compatible with rod (16) and guide rail (17) ,
The billet loading means includes billet pushers (21a, 21a
Corresponds to b).

[0032]

As described above, in the extruder of the present invention, by providing a plurality of holes in the container, the extrusion and the billet loading for the next molding are simultaneously performed in parallel, and one hole is used.
Immediately after one extrusion by the billet in the other ends
The next extrusion by the billet in the hole can be started . Moreover, cutting of discard is due to the next molding.
To switch the push position and standby position of the two holes
Container movement, that is, movement in a plane orthogonal to the extrusion direction
It can be done by moving, and the discarded discard is billet loaded.
By loading the billet for the next molding by means of
Can be discharged from. Therefore, since the removal of the discard is performed in combination with a series of control operations of the extruder for continuously performing extrusion and billet loading in parallel,
Compared with a conventional extruder that controls extrusion, discard removal, and billet loading sequentially, the molding cycle can be dramatically shortened and the production efficiency of extruded material can be improved.

Further, in such continuous cycle control, the billet is loaded at the standby position deviated from the center of extrusion, so that the stroke of the main ram can be halved and the main cylinder and the drive unit can be downsized. .
Furthermore, since the removal of the discard as described above is performed by moving the container and loading the billet accompanying the continuous extrusion molding, a shear , a discharging device, etc. are not required,
The extruder itself can be simplified and the manufacturing cost of the extruded material can be reduced. Also, multiple billet loading holes
Because we use the container we have,
The engagement mechanism between the dice and the container is simple.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an extruder of this example.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a time chart diagram showing a control operation in the extruder of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining discharge of discard in the extruder of this embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method of removing a discard in a conventional extruder.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11a, 11b ... Halls (Halls A and B) 12 ... Container 14 ... Dies 15 ... Container moving means (Container moving cylinder) 16 ... Container moving means (Rod) 17 ... Container moving means (Guide rail) 18 ... Ram (Main ram) ) P, P '... Billet

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A die (14), which is movable in a plane orthogonal to the extrusion direction, and which has at least two billet loading holes (11a, 11b) for each die (14). Then, when one of the holes (11a) faces the die (14) and is in an extrusion position where the billet (P) loaded in the hole (11a) can be extruded, the other hole (11b) moves to the next. A container (12) at a standby position in which a molding billet (P ') can be loaded, and a billet (P) in a hole (11a) provided at the rear of the container (12) in the extrusion direction and located at the extrusion position.
A ram (18) for extruding the ram through the die (14) by forward drive,
After the retreat, the pushing position and the standby position of each hole (11a, 11b) are switched , and the discard is
To be sheared and remain in the container (12).
Container moving means (15, 16, 17) for moving the container (12) in a plane orthogonal to the extrusion direction, and a hole (11) at the extrusion position of the container (12).
While extruding the billet (P) loaded in a), wait
Billet for the next molding in the hole (11b) at the machine position
(P ') is loaded and the billet (P')
To discharge the residual discard in the container (12)
And a billet loading means (21a, 21b) .