JP2020533971A - Il−15をベースとするil−7及びil−21への融合物 - Google Patents
Il−15をベースとするil−7及びil−21への融合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2017年8月28日に出願された米国仮出願第62/551,218号の利益を主張し、その内容全体が、参照により、本明細書に組み込まれる。
別段の定義がなければ、本明細書で使用されている全ての技術用語及び科学用語は、本発明が属する分野において通常の知識を有する者によって通常理解される意味を有する。本明細書中で使用される用語法は、特定の実施形態を説明するためのものに過ぎず、本発明の限定を意図しない。
インターロイキン−15(IL−15)は、エフェクターNK細胞及びCD8+メモリーT細胞の発育、増殖及び活性化のための重要なサイトカインである。IL−15はIL−15受容体α(IL−15Rα)に結合し、エフェクター細胞上のIL−2/IL−15受容体β−共通γ鎖(IL−15Rβγc)複合体にトランスに提示される。IL−15及びIL−2は、IL−15Rβγcへの結合を共有し、STAT3及びSTAT5経路を通じてシグナル伝達する。しかしながら、IL−2と異なり、IL−15は、CD4+CD25+FoxP3+制御性T(Treg)細胞の維持を支持せず、又は活性化されたCD8+T細胞の細胞死を誘導しないが、これらは多発性骨髄腫に対するIL−2の治療活性を制限した可能性がある効果である。さらに、IL−15は、エフェクターCD8+T細胞に抗アポトーシス性シグナル伝達を与えることが知られた唯一のサイトカインである。IL−15は、単独で又はIL−15Rαとの複合体のいずれかとして投与されると、実験動物モデルで、十分に確立された固形腫瘍に対して強力な抗腫瘍活性を示し、このため、癌を治癒することができる可能性を秘めた最も有望な免疫治療薬の1つとして同定されてきた。
上述されているように、IL−15:IL−15Rα融合タンパク質複合体は、天然のIL−15Rαの可溶性IL−15Rαドメインに非共有結合されたIL−15を有する複合体を表すことができる。いくつかの事例において、可溶性IL−15Rαは、生物学的に活性なポリペプチドに及び/又はIgGFcドメインに共有結合されている。IL−15は、IL−15又は別の生物学的に活性なポリペプチドに共有結合されたIL−15のいずれかであり得る。IL−15:IL−15Rα複合体の結晶構造は、Chirifu et al.,2007 Nat Immunol 8,1001−1007に示されており、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
ALT−803は、IL−2Rβγを結合する増加した能力及び増強された生物学的活性を有するIL−15変異体を含む(米国特許第8,507,222号、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。)。IL−15のこのスーパーアゴニスト変異体は、刊行物に記載された(Zu et al.,2009 J Immunol,183:3598−3607、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。)。可溶性IL−15α受容体融合タンパク質(IL−15RαSu/Fc)と組み合わせたこのIL−15スーパーアゴニストは、インビトロ及びインビボで極めて強力なIL−15活性を有するタンパク質複合体をもたらす(Han et al.,2011,Cytokine,56:804−810;Xu,et al.,2013 Cancer Res.73:3075−86,Wong,et al.,2013,OncoImmunology 2:e26442)。IL−15スーパーアゴニスト複合体(IL−15N72D:IL−15RαSu/Fc)は、「ALT−803」と表記される。
IL−7は、適応免疫細胞の発育、生存及び増殖にとって不可欠なサイトカインである。IL−7は、主として、骨髄及び胸腺中の間質細胞によって分泌されるのに対して、樹状細胞(DCs)などのその他の免疫細胞もIL−7を産生することができる。IL−7受容体は、2つの鎖、すなわち、胸腺間質性リンパ球新生因子(TSLP)と共有されるIL−7Rα(CD127)と、並びにIL−2、IL−4、IL−9、IL−15及びIL−21と共有される共通γ鎖(CD132)とからなるヘテロ二量体である。γ鎖は全ての造血細胞種上に発現されているのに対して、IL−7Rαは主にリンパ球上に発現されている。IL−7Rαは、リンパ器官の発育及び病原体に対する自然免疫応答において重要である、NK細胞及び腸管関連リンパ組織(GALT)由来LTi細胞などの、自然リンパ球系細胞(ILCs)中にも見出される。IL−7は、LTi細胞のプールを調節することによって、リンパ器官形成も制御することができる。IL−7受容体の別の種類は可溶性IL−7Rであり、IL−7R発現細胞による過剰なIL−7消費を低減するために細胞結合型IL−7Rと競合し、サイトカインが限られているときに、IL−7の生物活性を増強する(Gao J et al.Int J Mol Sci.2015;16(10267−10280))。
IL−21は、炎症促進活性と抗炎症活性の両方を有する多面的サイトカインであり、活性化されたCD4+及びNK T細胞によって主に産生される。IL−21は、共通γ鎖サイトカインファミリーに属し、リンパ球活性化、増殖、分化及び生存に関与している。IL−21は、特異的なIL−21R及び共通γ鎖受容体からなるヘテロ二量体受容体シグナル伝達を介して機能する。IL−21は、Jak−Stat、PI3K及びMAPK経路を通じてシグナルを伝達する。IL−21は、T細胞分化にとって極めて重要であるStat3の強力な継続的活性化を誘導する(Ouyang W,et al.Immunity.2012;28(4)454−467)。
抗原特異的結合ドメインは、疾病細胞上の標的に特異的に結合するポリペプチドからなる。または、これらのドメインは、腫瘍増殖を支える間質細胞上の標的又は疾病媒介性免疫抑制を支える免疫細胞上の標的など、疾病状態を支える他の細胞上の標的に結合し得る。抗原特異的結合ドメインには、抗体、一本鎖抗体、Fab、Fv、T細胞受容体結合ドメイン、リガンド結合ドメイン、受容体結合ドメイン、ドメイン抗体、単一ドメイン抗体、ミニボディ、ナノボディ、ペプチボディ、又は本分野において公知の様々な他の抗体模倣物(アフィマー(affimers)、アフィチン(affitins)、アルファボディ(alphabodies)、アトリマー(atrimers)、CTLA4をベースとする分子、アドネクチン、アンチカリン、クニッツドメインをベースとするタンパク質、アビマー、ノッチン、フィノマー(fynomers)、ダルピン(darpins)、アフィボディ(affibodies)、アフィリン(affilins)、モノボディ(monobodies)及びアルマジロリピートタンパク質をベースとするタンパク質(Weidle,UH,et al.2013.Cancer Genomics&Proteomics 10:155−168)など)が含まれる。
ロバツムマブ(robatumumab)(抗IGF−1受容体)、ロレヅマブ(roledumab)(抗RHD)、ロベリズマブ(rovelizumab)(抗CD11及びCD18)、サマリズマブ(samalizumab)(抗CD200)、サツモマブペンデチド(satumomab pendetide)(抗TAG−72)、セリバンツマブ(seribantumab)(抗ERBB3)、SGN−CD19A(抗CD19)、SGN−CD33A(抗CD33)、シブロツズマブ(sibrotuzumab)(抗PAP)、シルツキシマブ(抗IL−6)、ソリトマブ(solitomab)(抗EpCAM)、ソンツズマブ(sontuzumab)(抗エピシアリン)、タバルマブ(抗BAFF)、タカツズマブテトラキセタン(tacatuzumab tetraxetan)(抗α−胎児タンパク質)、タプリツモマブパプトクス(taplitumomab paptox)(抗CD19)、テリモマブアリトクス(telimomab aritox)、テナツモマブ(tenatumomab)(抗テネイシンC)、テネリキシマブ(teneliximab)(抗CD40)、テプロツムマブ(抗CD221)、TGN1412(抗CD28)、チシリムマブ(ticilimumab)(抗CTLA−4)、ティガツズマブ(抗TRAIL−R2)、TNX−650(抗IL−13)、トシツモマブ(抗CS20)、トベツマブ(tovetumab)(抗CD140a)、TRBS07(抗GD2)、トレガリズマブ(tregalizumab)(抗CD4)、トレメリムマブ(抗CTLA−4)、TRU−016(抗CD37)、ツコツズマブセルモロイキン(tucotuzumab celmoleukin)(抗EpCAM)、ウブリツキシマブ(ublituximab)(抗CD20)、ウレルマブ(抗4−1BB)、バンチクツマブ(vantictumab)(抗Frizzled受容体)、バパリキシマブ(vapaliximab)(抗AOC3(VAP−1))、バテリズマブ(vatelizumab)(抗ITGA2)、ベルツズマブ(抗CD20)、ベセンキュマブ(vesencumab)(抗NRP1)、ビジリズマブ(visilizumab)(抗CD3)、ボロシキシマブ(抗インテグリンα5β1)、ボルセツズマブマフォドチン(vorsetuzumab mafodotin)(抗CD70)、ボツムマブ(votumumab)(抗腫瘍抗原CTAA16.88)、ザルツムマブ(抗EGFR)、ザノリムマブ(抗CD4)、ザツキシマブ(zatuximab)(抗HER1)、ジラリムマブ(ziralimumab)(抗CD147(ベイシジン))、RG7636(抗ETBR)、RG7458(抗MUC16)、RG7599(抗NaPi2b)、MPDL3280A(抗PD−L1)、RG7450(抗STEAP1)及びGDC−0199(抗Bcl−2)が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
別の実施形態において、結合ドメインは、免疫チェックポイント又はシグナル伝達分子又はそのリガンドに対して特異的であり、免疫チェックポイント抑制活性の阻害剤として、又は免疫賦活活性のアゴニストとして作用する。このような免疫チェックポイント及びシグナル伝達分子及びリガンドには、PD−1、PD−L1 PD−L2、CTLA−4、CD28、CD80、CD86、B7−H3、B7−H4、B7−H5、ICOS−L、ICOS、BTLA、CD137L、CD137、HVEM、KIR、4−1BB、OX40L、CD70、CD27、CD47、CIS、OX40、GITR、IDO、TIM3、GAL9、VISTA、CD155、TIGIT,LIGHT、LAIR−1、Siglecs及びA2aRが含まれる(Pardall DM.2012Nature Rev Cancer 12:252−264,Thaventhiran T,et al.2012.J Clin Cell Immunol,S12:004)。さらに、本発明の好ましい抗体ドメインには、イピリムマブ及び/又はトレメリムマブ(抗CTLA4)、ニボルマブ、ペムブロリズマブ、ピディリズマブ、TSR−042、ANB011、AMP−514及びAMP−224(リガンド−Fe融合物)(抗PD1)、アテゾリズマブ(MPDL3280A)、アベルマブ(MSB0010718C)、デュルバルマブ(MEDI4736)、MEDI0680及びBMS−9365569(抗PDL1)、MEDI6469(抗OX40アゴニスト)、BMS−986016、IMP701、IMP731、IMP321(抗LAG3)並びにGITRリガンドが含まれ得る。
T細胞は、他の免疫細胞種(多形核細胞、好酸球、好塩基球、肥満細胞、B細胞、NK細胞)とともに、免疫系の細胞成分を構成する細胞の部分群である。生理的条件下で、T細胞は、免疫監視において及び外来抗原の排除において機能する。しかしながら、生理的条件下において、T細胞が疾病の原因及び伝播において主要な役割を果たしているという有力な証拠が存在する。これらの障害では、中枢又は末梢のいずれかにおける、T細胞免疫寛容の破壊が、自己免疫疾患の原因における基本的過程である。
本発明のタンパク質複合体は、Fcドメインを含有し得る。例えば、hIL7/IL21/TxMは、IL−7/IL−15N72D:IL−21/IL−15RαSu/huIgG1Fc融合複合体を含む。様々なサイトカイン及び可溶性受容体など、別のタンパク質のドメインとIgGのFc領域を組み合わせる融合タンパク質が報告されている(例えば、Capon et al.,Nature,337:525−531,1989;Chamow et al.,Trends Biotechnol.,14:52−60,1996);米国特許第5,116,964号及び米国特許第5,541,087号を参照。)。原型の融合タンパク質は、IgGFcのヒンジ領域中のシステイン残基を通じて連結されたホモ二量体タンパク質であり、重鎖可変並びにCH1ドメイン及び軽鎖なしのIgG分子に類似した分子が得られる。Fcドメインを含む融合タンパク質の二量体の性質は、他の分子とのより高次の相互作用(すなわち、二価又は二重特異性結合)を与える点で有利であり得る。構造的相同性の故に、Fc融合タンパク質は、類似のアイソタイプを有するヒトIgGと同等のインビボ薬物動態特性を示す。IgGクラスの免疫グロブリンは、ヒト血液中に最も豊富に存在するタンパク質の1つであり、それらの循環半減期は21日の長さに達し得る。IL−15若しくはIL−15融合タンパク質の循環半減期を延長するために、及び/又はその生物学的活性を増加させるために、ヒト重鎖IgGタンパク質のFc部分に共有結合されたIL−15Rαに非共有結合されたIL−15ドメインを含有する融合タンパク質複合体が本明細書に記載されている。
いくつかの事例において、本発明の融合複合体は、IL−15又はIL−15RαドメインとIL−12及び/又はIL−18結合ドメインとの間に挿入された柔軟なリンカー配列も含む。リンカー配列は、IL−15又はIL−15Rαドメインに関してポリペプチドの効果的な配置を可能にして、両ドメインの機能的活性を可能にすべきである。
養子細胞療法(ACT)(同種及び自家造血幹細胞移植(HSCT)及び組換え細胞(すなわち、CAR T)療法を含む。)は、多くの悪性障害に対して選択される処置である(HSCT及び養子細胞療法アプローチの概説については、Rager&Porter,Ther Adv Hematol(2011)2(6)409−428;Roddie&Peggs,Expert Opin.Biol.Ther.(2011)11(4):473−487;Wang et al.Int.J.Cancer:(2015)136,1751−1768;及びChang,Y.J.and X.J.Huang,Blood Rev,2013.27(1):55−62を参照されたい。)。このような養子細胞療法には、同種及び自家造血幹細胞移植、ドナー白血球(又はリンパ球)輸液(DLI)、腫瘍浸潤リンパ球の養子移植又はT細胞若しくはNK細胞の養子移植(組換え細胞、すなわち、CAR T、CAR NKを含む。)が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。放射線照射及び化学療法後に、ドナー由来の細胞が造血を回復させる必要性以外に、移植された細胞からの免疫の回復は残存する腫瘍細胞の除去のために重要である。悪性病変に対する治療上の選択肢としてのACTの有効性は、ドナー細胞の起源、組成及び表現型(リンパ球サブセット、活性化状態)、基礎疾患、移植前の調整計画及び移植後の免疫補助(すなわち、IL−2療法)及び移植片内のドナー細胞によって媒介される移植片対腫瘍(GVT)効果を含む多数の因子によって影響される。さらに、これらの因子は、調整計画(conditioning regimen)及び/又は宿主内でのドナー細胞の過剰な免疫活性(すなわち、移植片対宿主病、サイトカイン放出症候群など)から典型的に生じる、移植関連死亡率に対して釣り合いを取らなければならない。
エクスビボでのNK細胞増大法が開発されてきた((Denman,C.J.et al.PLoS One 7,e30264,(2012);Berg,M.et al.Cytotherapy 11,341−355,(2009);Gong,W.et al.Tissue Antigens 76,467−475,(2010);Zhang,H.et al.,J Immunother 34,187−195,(2011))。
損傷した細胞は、アポトーシス又は老化のいずれかを経る。老化細胞は自身の増殖を抑制し、シグナル伝達分子を分泌する−細胞老化関連分泌現象(SASP)として知られる現象(Coppe J.P.et al.,2010 Annu Rev Pathol 5:99−118)。SASPは、免疫細胞を引き付けることによって組織修復に取り組むために、より損傷の程度が低い隣接細胞を刺激することによって組織機能を回復させることであると提案されている(Demaria M.,et al.,2014 Dev.Cell 31:722−733)。これらの免疫細胞は、SASP媒介性シグナルを遮断するために老化細胞を除去する。損傷が修復能力を超えるか又は免疫細胞がSASPの効果に対して応答しなくなると、老化細胞の異常な蓄積が起きる。その結果、老化細胞は老化した及び/又は損傷を受けた器官中に蓄積し、組織機能不全を悪化させる(Ovadya Y.and Krizhanovsky V.et al.,2014 Biogerontology 15:627−642)。老化細胞の除去は、マウスにおいて、健康寿命を増加させ、年齢に関連する疾患の重篤度を低下させることが示されている(Baar M.P.et al.,2017 Cell 169:132−147;Baker DJ 2016 530:184−189)。
本発明は、治療薬として使用するための、融合タンパク質複合体を含む薬学的組成物を提供する。一態様において、本発明の融合タンパク質複合体は、例えば、生理的食塩水などの薬学的に許容され得る緩衝液中に調合されて、全身的に投与される。好ましい投与の経路には、例えば、患者中に組成物の継続的、持続的又は効果的なレベルを付与する、膀胱内への滴下注入、皮下、静脈内、腹腔内、筋肉内、腫瘍内又は皮内注射が含まれる。ヒト患者又はその他の動物の処置は、生理的に許容され得る担体中に、治療的に有効な量の本明細書中で特定された治療薬を用いて実施される。適切な担体及びその調合は、例えば、E.W.MartinによるRemington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences中に記載されている。投与されるべき治療剤の量は、投与の様式、患者の年齢及び体重並びに新形成の臨床的症候に応じて変動する。一般的に、量は、新形成、自己免疫疾患又は感染性疾患を伴うその他の疾病の処置において使用されるその他の因子に対して使用される量の範囲内にあるであろうが、ある事例においては、化合物の増加した特異性の故に、より少ない量が必要とされるであろう。当業者に既知の方法によって測定した場合に、対象の免疫応答を強化し、又は新形成細胞、感染細胞、自己免疫細胞若しくは老化細胞の増殖、生存若しくは侵襲性を低下させる用量で化合物が投与される。
新形成細胞、感染性細胞、老化細胞若しくは年齢関連疾患又は自己免疫疾患の処置のための、本発明の融合タンパク質複合体の投与は、他の成分と組み合わされて、前記新形成細胞、感染性細胞、老化細胞若しくは年齢関連疾患又は自己免疫疾患を軽減し、低減し、又は安定化させるのに有効である治療薬の濃度をもたらすあらゆる適切な手段による。本発明の融合タンパク質複合体は、任意の適切な担体物質中に、任意の適切な量で含有され得、組成物の総重量の1〜95重量%の量で一般に存在する。組成物は、非経口(例えば、皮下、静脈内、筋肉内、小胞内、腫瘍内又は腹腔内)投与経路に適した剤形で与えられ得る。例えば、薬学的組成物は、従来の薬学的慣行にしたがって調合される(例えば、Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy(20th ed.),ed.A.R.Gennaro,Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,2000 and Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology,eds.J.Swarbrick and J.C.Boylan,1988−1999,Marcel Dekker,New Yorkを参照。)。
本発明の融合タンパク質複合体を含む薬学的組成物は、剤形、調合物で、又は従来の非毒性な薬学的に許容される担体及び補助剤を含有する適切な送達装置又はインプラントを介して、注射、輸液(infusion)又は埋め込み(implantation)(皮下、静脈内、筋肉内、腫瘍内、小胞内、腹腔内)によって非経口的に投与される。このような組成物の調合及び調製は、医薬調合の分野における当業者に周知である。調合物は、Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy、上記に見出すことができる。
必要に応じて、本発明の融合タンパク質複合体は、あらゆる他の標準的治療法と組み合わせて投与され、このような方法は当業者に既知であり、E.W.MartinによるRemington’s Pharmaceutical Sciencesに記載されている。所望であれば、本発明の融合タンパク質複合体は、免疫療法、治療用抗体、標的療法、手術、放射線療法又は化学療法を含むがこれらに限定されない、あらゆる従来の抗新形成療法と組み合わて投与される。
本発明の融合タンパク質複合体を含む薬学的組成物は、新形成、感染性疾患又は老化細胞若しくは年齢に関連する疾患を軽減する上で使用するためのキット又は医薬系の中に組み入れてもよい。本発明のこの態様にしたがうキット又は医薬系は、バイアル、管、アンプル、瓶などの1つ以上の容器手段をその中に詰め込んで有している、箱、紙箱(carton)、管などの運搬手段を含む。本発明のキット又は医薬系は、本発明の融合タンパク質複合体を使用するための付属説明書も含み得る。
一般に、本発明の融合タンパク質複合体(例えば、TxM複合体の成分)の調製は、本明細書に開示されている手法によって及び認知された組換えDNA技術によって遂行することができる。
本発明は、本融合タンパク質(例えば、TxMの成分)をコードする核酸配列、特にDNA配列をさらに提供する。好ましくは、DNA配列は、ファージ、ウイルス、プラスミド、ファ−ジミド、コスミド、YAC又はエピソームなどの染色体外複製に適したベクターによって運搬される。特に、本明細書に記載されている調製方法を促進するために、及び多量の融合タンパク質を取得するために、所望の融合タンパク質をコードするDNAベクターを使用することができる。DNA配列は、適切な発現ベクター、すなわち、挿入されたタンパク質コード配列の転写及び翻訳のための必要な要素を含有するベクター中に挿入することができる。様々な宿主−ベクター系は、タンパク質コード配列を発現するために使用され得る。これらには、ウイルス(例えば、ワクシニアウイルス、アデノウイルスなど)で感染された哺乳動物細胞系;ウイルス(例えば、バキュロウイルス)で感染された昆虫細胞系;酵母ベクターを含有する酵母又はバクテリオファージDNA、プラスミドDNA若しくはコスミドDNAで形質転換された細菌などの微生物が含まれる。使用される宿主−ベクター系に応じて、多数の適切な転写及び翻訳因子のいずれの1つも使用され得る。Sambrookら、上記及びAusubelら上記を参照されたい。
本発明の融合タンパク質複合体の成分(例えば、TxM)を発現するために、多数の戦略を利用することができる。例えば、本発明の融合タンパク質複合体の1つ以上成分をコードする構築物は、構築物を挿入し、その後連結するためにベクターの中に切断を作るために、制限酵素を用いて、適切なベクター中に組み込むことができる。遺伝子構築物を含有するベクターは、次いで、融合タンパク質の発現のために適切な宿主中に導入される。全般的に、Sambrookら、上記を参照されたい。適切なベクターの選択は、クローニングプロトコールに関連する要素に基づいて経験的に行うことができる。例えば、ベクターは、利用されている宿主と適合的であり、宿主に対する適切なレプリコンを有するべきである。ベクターは、発現されるべき融合タンパク質複合体をコードするDNA配列を収容することができなければならない。適切な宿主細胞には、真核細胞及び原核細胞、好ましくは、容易に形質転換することができ、培地中で急速な成長を呈することができる細胞が含まれる。特に好ましい宿主細胞には、イー・コリ、バチルス・スブチリス(Bacillus subtillus)などの原核生物並びに動物細胞及び酵母株、例えば、エス・セレビシエ(S.cerevisiae)などの真核生物が含まれる。哺乳動物細胞、特にJ558、NSO、SP2−O又はCHOが一般に好ましい。他の適切な宿主には、例えば、Sf9などの昆虫細胞が含まれる。従来の培養条件が利用される。Sambrook、上記を参照されたい。次いで、安定な形質転換された又は形質移入された細胞株細胞株を選択することができる。本発明の融合タンパク質複合体を発現している細胞は、既知の手法によって決定することができる。例えば、免疫グロブリンに連結された融合タンパク質複合体の発現は、連結された免疫グロブリンに対して特異的なELISAによって及び/又は免疫ブロッティングによって決定することができる。IL−15又はIL−15Rαドメインに連結された生物学的に活性なポリペプチドを含む融合タンパク質の発現を検出するための他の方法は、実施例に開示されている。
選択された断片の連結を促進するために、ポリリンカー及びアダプターが利用され得る。発現構築物は、典型的には、制限、連結及びイー・コリの形質転換のラウンドを利用して、段階的に組み立てられる。発現構築物の構築に適した多数のクローニングベクターが本分野において既知であり(Ausubel et al.,1999中に引用されている、λZAP及びpBLUESCRIPT SK−1、Stratagene、La Jolla、CA、pET、Novagen Inc.,Madison,WI)、具体的な選択は本発明にとって重要でない。クローニングベクターの選択は、発現構築物の宿主細胞中への導入のために選択された遺伝子導入系によって影響されるであろう。各段階の終わりに、生じた構築物は、制限、DNA配列、ハイブリッド形成及びPCR分析によって分析され得る。
[実施例]
IL−15、IL−7及びIL−21ドメインを含む融合タンパク質複合体の生成及び性質決定
癌又は感染性疾患を処置するための重要な治療的アプローチは、疾病細胞に対する免疫細胞活性を増強させることに依拠する。この戦略は、エクスビボで免疫細胞を刺激した後の養子移植及び又は患者中で、免疫細胞レベル又は活性をインビボで直接増加させることを含む。これらのアプローチに関与する免疫細胞は、自然(すなわち、NK細胞)又は適応(すなわち、T細胞)免疫系の免疫細胞であり得る。
(シグナルペプチド)
atgaagtgggtgaccttcatcagcctgctgttcctgttctccagcgcctactcc
(ヒトIL−21)
cagggccaggacaggcacatgatccggatgaggcagctcatcgacatcgtcgaccagctgaagaactacgtgaacgacctggtgcccgagtttctgcctgcccccgaggacgtggagaccaactgcgagtggtccgccttctcctgctttcagaaggcccagctgaagtccgccaacaccggcaacaacgagcggatcatcaacgtgagcatcaagaagctgaagcggaagcctccctccacaaacgccggcaggaggcagaagcacaggctgacctgccccagctgtgactcctacgagaagaagccccccaaggagttcctggagaggttcaagtccctgctgcagaagatgatccatcagcacctgtcctccaggacccacggctccgaggactcc
(ヒトIL−15Rαスシドメイン)
atcacgtgtcctcctcctatgtccgtggaacacgcagacatctgggtcaagagctacagcttgtactccagggagcggtacatttgtaactctggtttcaagcgtaaagccggcacgtccagcctgacggagtgcgtgttgaacaaggccacgaatgtcgcccactggacaacccccagtctcaaatgcattaga
(ヒトIgG1 CH2−CH3(Fc)ドメイン)
gagccgaaatcttgtgacaaaactcacacatgcccaccgtgcccagcacctgaactcctggggggaccgtcagtcttcctcttccccccaaaacccaaggacaccctcatgatctcccggacccctgaggtcacatgcgtggtggtggacgtgagccacgaagaccctgaggtcaagttcaactggtacgtggacggcgtggaggtgcataatgccaagacaaagccgcgggaggagcagtacaacagcacgtaccgtgtggtcagcgtcctcaccgtcctgcaccaggactggctgaatggcaaggagtacaagtgcaaggtctccaacaaagccctcccagcccccatcgagaaaaccatctccaaagccaaagggcagccccgagaaccacaggtgtacaccctgcccccatcccgggatgagctgaccaagaaccaggtcagcctgacctgcctggtcaaaggcttctatcccagcgacatcgccgtggagtgggagagcaatgggcagccggagaacaactacaagaccacgcctcccgtgctggactccgacggctccttcttcctctacagcaagctcaccgtggacaagagcaggtggcagcaggggaacgtcttctcatgctccgtgatgcatgaggctctgcacaaccactacacgcagaagagcctctccctgtctcctggtaaa
(シグナルペプチド)
MKWVTFISLLFLFSSAYS
(ヒトIL−21)
QGQDRHMIRMRQLIDIVDQLKNYVNDLVPEFLPAPEDVETNCEWSAFSCFQKAQLKSANTGNNERIINVSIKKLKRKPPSTNAGRRQKHRLTCPSCDSYEKKPPKEFLERFKSLLQKMIHQHLSSRTHGSEDS
(ヒトIL−15Rαスシドメイン)
ITCPPPMSVEHADIWVKSYSLYSRERYICNSGFKRKAGTSSLTECVLNKATNVAHWTTPSLKCIR
(ヒトIgG1 CH2−CH3(Fc)ドメイン)
EPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK
(シグナルペプチド)
atgaagtgggtgaccttcatcagcctgctgttcctgttctccagcgcctactcc
(ヒトIL−7)
gattgcgacatcgagggcaaggacggcaagcagtacgagagcgtgctgatggtgtccatcgaccagctgctggacagcatgaaggagatcggctccaactgcctcaacaacgagttcaacttcttcaagcggcacatctgcgacgccaacaaggagggcatgttcctgttcagggccgccaggaaactgcggcagttcctgaagatgaactccaccggcgacttcgacctgcacctgctgaaggtgtccgagggcaccaccatcctgctgaactgcaccggacaggtgaagggccggaaacctgctgctctgggagaggcccaacccaccaagagcctggaggagaacaagtccctgaaggagcagaagaagctgaacgacctgtgcttcctgaagaggctgctgcaggagatcaagacctgctggaacaagatcctgatgggcaccaaggagcat
(ヒトIL−15N72D)
aactgggttaacgtaataagtgatttgaaaaaaattgaagatcttattcaatctatgcatattgatgctactttatatacggaaagtgatgttcaccccagttgcaaagtaacagcaatgaagtgctttctcttggagttacaagttatttcacttgagtccggagatgcaagtattcatgatacagtagaaaatctgatcatcctagcaaacgacagtttgtcttctaatgggaatgtaacagaatctggatgcaaagaatgtgaggaactggaggaaaaaaatattaaagaatttttgcagagttttgtacatattgtccaaatgttcatcaacacttct
(シグナルペプチド)
MKWVTFISLLFLFSSAYS
(ヒトIL−7)
DCDIEGKDGKQYESVLMVSIDQLLDSMKEIGSNCLNNEFNFFKRHICDANKEGMFLFRAARKLRQFLKMNSTGDFDLHLLKVSEGTTILLNCTGQVKGRKPAALGEAQPTKSLEENKSLKEQKKLNDLCFLKRLLQEIKTCWNKILMGTKEH
(ヒトIL−15N72D)
NWVNVISDLKKIEDLIQSMHIDATLYTESDVHPSCKVTAMKCFLLELQVISLESGDASIHDTVENLIILANDSLSSNGNVTESGCKECEELEEKNIKEFLQSFVHIVQMFINTS
hIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体の活性のインビトロでの性質決定
hIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体のIL−15免疫賦活活性を評価するために、マウス造血細胞株であるIL−15依存性32Dβ細胞の増殖を評価した。200μLのIMDM:10%FBS培地中の32Dβ細胞(104細胞/ウェル)に、増加するレベルのhIL7/IL21/TxMを添加し、37℃で3日間、細胞を温置した。次いで、PrestoBlue細胞生死判定試薬(20μL/ウェル)を添加した。4時間後に、代謝的に活性な細胞による、レサズリンをベースとする溶液であるPrestoBlueの還元に基づいて細胞増殖を決定するために、(標準化のための600nm参照波長とともに)570nmで、吸光度を測定した。IL−15N72D:IL−15RαSu/Fc複合体(ALT−803)の生物活性を陽性対照として評価した。図7に示されているように、hIL7/IL21/TxMは32Dβ細胞の細胞増殖を促進することができ、これにより、IL−15活性を実証する。hIL7/IL21/TxMの活性は、おそらく、IL−15N72DドメインへのIL−7の連結のために、ALT−803の活性と比べて低下した。
hIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体による刺激後の、精製されたナイーブT細胞、CD3+T細胞及びCD8+T細胞の増殖
以前の研究は、IL−7、IL−15及びIL−21の存在下で、T細胞増殖が効率的に誘導され得ることを示した。T細胞の増殖を促進するhIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体の能力を評価するために、2人の健康なドナーから得た血液から、RosetteSepヒトナイーブCD8+T細胞キット(STEMCELL Technology)を用いて、ヒトナイーブT細胞を精製した(1×105細胞/mL)。hIL7/IL21/TxM又は個別の組換えIL−7、IL−21及びALT−803の組み合わせとともに、2〜5日間、これらの細胞(>85%CD3+)を培養した。Presto−Blueによって、サイトカインで刺激されたナイーブT細胞の増殖を評価し、フローサイトメトリーによって分析した。結果は、IL−7、IL−21及びIL−15の組み合わせと同様又はより大きな程度で、hIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体が精製されたナイーブT細胞の増殖を誘導することが可能であることを示している(図10A及びBは2人の異なるドナーから得た結果を示し、図10Cは、72時間の時点に対する平均化された結果を示している。)。このように、hIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体を用いた刺激は、精製されたナイーブT細胞の増殖を誘導することができる。
hIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体によるヒトCD8+T細胞の異なるサブセットのインビトロでの増大
ヒトCD8+T細胞の異なるサブセットのインビトロでの増大を評価するために、血液バンクからバフィーコートを受領した。RosetteSepTMHuman CD8 Negative−Selection Kit(STEMCELL Technologies)を用いて、全CD8 T細胞を単離した。CD8 T細胞の濃縮後に、以下のマーカーを用いて、フローサイトメトリーによって、ナイーブ、セントラルメモリー、エフェクターメモリー及びメモリー幹CD8 T細胞サブセットを選別した。ナイーブCD8+T細胞は、生きたCD8+、CCR7+、CD45RO−及びCD95−細胞として表現型が決定された。CD8+Tエフェクターメモリー細胞は、生きたCD8+、CCR7−及びCD45RO+細胞として表現型が決定された。CD8+Tセントラルメモリー細胞は、生きたCD8+、CCR7+及びCD45RO+細胞として表現型が決定された。CD8+Tメモリー幹細胞は、生きたCD8+、CCR7+、CD45RO−及びCD95+細胞として表現型が決定された。選別された細胞を純度に関してチェックした(すなわち、細胞の95%超が所望の表現型を有していた場合に、試料を純粋と考えた。)。
hIL7/IL21/TxM融合タンパク質複合体での刺激後における精製されたNK細胞の増強された増殖、細胞傷害性及び活性化
ヒトNK細胞の増殖及び活性化に影響を与えるhIL7/IL21/TxMの能力も評価した。NK細胞は、StemCell RosetteSepTMHuman NK Cell Enrichment Cocktailを用いて、精製されたヒト白血球であった。50nM hIL7/IL21/TxM、50nM hIL18/IL12/TxM(対照)又は10nM ALT−803(対照)を含有する培地中、24ウェルプレート中に、2×106細胞/mLで、精製されたNK細胞(90%超の純度)を播種した。3日後に、細胞を計数し、10nM hIL7/IL21/TxM又は10nM ALT−803(対照)のいずれかを含有する培地とともに、0.5×106細胞/mLで再度播種した。さらに3日後に、10nM hIL7/IL21/TxM又は10nM ALT−803(対照)のいずれかを含有する培地とともに、0.5×106細胞/mLで細胞を再び再播種した。10日目に、細胞を採集し、増殖及び細胞表現型に関して評価し、K562標的細胞に対する細胞傷害性に関して検査した。
IL−7/IL−21/TxM複合体のインビトロ及びインビボ活性並びに老化細胞及び老化細胞及び年齢関連病変に対するIL−7/IL−21/TxM刺激された免疫細胞の養子細胞移植
上に記されているように、器官及び組織中での老化細胞の蓄積は、年齢に関連する疾患と関連する。老化細胞及びそれに伴う病変をインビトロ及びインビボで低下させるための治療戦略を評価するための方法を開発した。hIL7/IL21/TxM複合体の活性を評価するために、本分野において既知の方法を通じて老化細胞をインビトロで生成する。簡潔に述べると、ヒト二倍体線維芽細胞、IMR−90及びWI38(ATCC、Manassas、VA、USA)、ヒト包皮線維芽細胞BJ(ATCC、Manassas、VA、USA)及び初代ヒト肝筋線維芽細胞(活性化された肝星(HS)細胞)を標準的な条件(すなわち、10%FCS、1%L−グルタミン及び1%ペニシリン−ストレプトマイシンが補充され、7.5%CO2、37℃に保たれたDMEM)で生育する。成長している細胞をエトポシド(100μM、Sigma)で48時間処理することによって、DNA損傷誘発老化(DIS;DNA damage induced senescent)細胞を生成する。エトポシド除去の7日後に、細胞が老化したと考えた。または、癌遺伝子誘発老化は、mCherry−H−Rasv12(又は対照としてmCherry)でのIMR−90細胞のレトロウイルス感染によって達成し、感染の終了から9日後に細胞が老化したと考えた。IMR−90細胞は、2日の間隔を置いて、0.1μMドキソルビシンで2回処理することによっても老化に誘導することができ、7日後に分析した。このような細胞は、化学療法誘発老化の代表である。老化細胞は、インビトロ及び組織中でこれらの細胞を検出するための免疫組織化学的(IHC)バイオマーカーとしてアッセイすることができるβ−ガラクトシダーゼの上昇したレベルを発現する(Dimri et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA.1995;92,9363−9367)。老化細胞の他の検出可能なバイオマーカーには、p16ink4a、IL−1α(初期SASP因子)及びIL−6(後期SASP因子)が含まれる(Baar et al.Cell.2017;169,132−47)。
その他の実施形態
Claims (60)
- 単離された可溶性融合タンパク質複合体であって、
a)インターロイキン−15(IL−15)ポリペプチドドメインを含む第一の可溶性タンパク質と、及び
b)免疫グロブリンFcドメインに融合された可溶性IL−15受容体αスシ結合ドメイン(IL−15RαSu)を含む第二の可溶性タンパク質と、
を含む少なくとも2つの可溶性タンパク質を含み、
前記第一若しくは第二の可溶性タンパク質の1つがIL−7結合ドメイン若しくはその機能的断片をさらに含み、及び/又は
前記第一若しくは第二の可溶性タンパク質の1つがIL−21結合ドメイン若しくはその機能的断片をさらに含み、及び
前記第一の可溶性タンパク質のIL−15ドメインが前記第二の可溶性タンパク質の前記IL−15RαSuドメインに結合して可溶性融合タンパク質複合体を形成する、
単離された可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。 - 前記第一のタンパク質の前記IL−15ドメインがN72D変異を含むIL−15変異体(IL−15N72D)を含む、請求項1に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記第一及び/又は第二の可溶性タンパク質に生物学的に活性な部分が付随している、請求項1又は2に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記生物学的に活性な部分が、サイトカイン、抗体若しくはその断片、T細胞受容体若しくはその断片、受容体結合分子、受容体ドメイン、免疫チェックポイントアゴニスト、免疫チェックポイントアンタゴニスト、ケモカイン、増殖因子、毒素、細胞傷害性因子、これらの機能的断片又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記生物学的に活性な部分が1つ以上のサイトカインを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記1つ以上のサイトカインがインターロイキン7(IL−7)、インターロイキン−12(IL−12)又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記第一の可溶性タンパク質がIL−7結合ドメイン又はその機能的断片をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質。
- 前記第二の可溶性タンパク質がIL−21結合ドメイン又はその機能的断片をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質。
- 前記第一の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体が、前記第一の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のFcドメインを前記第二の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のFcドメインに結合するジスルフィド結合によって、前記第二の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体に共有結合されている、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質。
- 請求項1に記載の請求項に記載の第二の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体に共有結合された請求項1に記載の第一の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体を含む可溶性融合タンパク質複合体であって、前記第一の可溶性タンパク質複合体と前記第二のタンパク質複合体が同一であり又は異なる、可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記第一の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体が、前記第一の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のFcドメインを前記第二の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のFcドメインに結合するジスルフィド結合によって、前記第二の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体に共有結合されている、請求項10に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記第一又は第二の可溶性タンパク質の1つが、疾病抗原及び/又は免疫チェックポイント又はシグナル伝達分子を認識する結合ドメインをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記疾病抗原が新形成又は感染性疾患と関連する、請求項12に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 単離された可溶性融合タンパク質複合体であって、
a)インターロイキン−15(IL−15)ポリペプチドドメインを含む第一の可溶性タンパク質と、及び
b)免疫グロブリンFcドメインに融合された可溶性IL−15受容体αスシ結合ドメイン(IL−15RαSu)を含む第二の可溶性タンパク質と、
を含む少なくとも2つの可溶性タンパク質を含み、
前記第一の可溶性タンパク質がIL−7結合ドメイン若しくはその機能的断片をさらに含み、及び/又は
前記第二の可溶性タンパク質がIL−21結合ドメイン若しくはその機能的断片をさらに含み、及び
前記第一の可溶性タンパク質の前記IL−15ドメインが前記第二の可溶性タンパク質の前記IL−15RαSuドメインに結合して可溶性融合タンパク質複合体を形成する、
単離された可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。 - 前記第一のタンパク質の前記IL−15ドメインがN72D変異を含むIL−15変異体(IL−15N72D)を含む、請求項14に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体。
- 前記第一の可溶性タンパク質をコードする核酸配列が配列番号3を含む、請求項14に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質。
- 前記第一の可溶性タンパク質をコードするアミノ酸配列が配列番号4を含む、請求項14に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質。
- 前記第二の可溶性タンパク質をコードする核酸配列が配列番号1を含む、請求項14に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質。
- 前記第二の可溶性タンパク質をコードするアミノ酸配列が配列番号2を含む、請求項14に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質。
- 第一の可溶性タンパク質をコードする核酸配列であって、前記核酸配列が配列番号3に記載されている配列を含む、核酸配列。
- 第二の可溶性タンパク質をコードする核酸配列であって、前記核酸配列が配列番号1に記載されている配列を含む、核酸配列。
- 前記核酸配列が、可溶性タンパク質をコードする配列に作用可能に連結された、プロモーター、翻訳開始シグナル及びリーダー配列をさらに含む、請求項20又は21に記載の核酸配列。
- 請求項20及び/又は請求項21に記載の核酸配列を含む発現ベクター。
- 免疫機能を強化するための方法であって、免疫細胞を請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体と接触させること、これにより前記免疫細胞の免疫機能を強化することを含む、方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が、1)前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−15ドメインによって認識されるIL−15R鎖、2)前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−7ドメインによって認識されるIL−7R鎖、及び/又は3)前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−21ドメインによって認識されるIL−21R鎖を含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- IL−15R、IL−7R及び/又はIL−21R鎖のシグナル伝達を介して前記免疫細胞を活性化させることをさらに含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 標的細胞を死滅させるための方法であって、
複数の細胞を請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体と接触させることを含み、前記複数の細胞が標的疾病細胞及び免疫細胞を含む、方法。 - 前記免疫細胞が、1)前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−15ドメインによって認識されるIL−15R鎖、2)前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−7ドメインによって認識されるIL−7R鎖、及び/又は3)前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−21ドメインによって認識されるIL−21R鎖を含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞の増殖を誘導すること、
前記免疫細胞を活性化すること、及び
前記活性化された免疫細胞によって前記標的疾病細胞を死滅させることを
さらに含む、請求項27又は28に記載の方法。 - 前記免疫細胞増殖がIL−15R、IL−7R及び/若しくはIL−21Rのシグナル伝達を介して誘導され、並びに/又は前記免疫細胞がIL−15R、IL−7R及び/又はIL−21Rのシグナル伝達を介して活性化される、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記標的細胞が、腫瘍細胞、感染細胞又は老化細胞である、請求項26〜29のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象中の免疫応答を強化する方法であって、
a)免疫細胞を請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体と接触させること、
b)前記免疫細胞の増殖及び活性化を誘導すること、並びに
c)前記対象に前記活性化された免疫細胞を投与すること(又は養子移植する)、
を含む、方法。 - 前記免疫細胞が、前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−15ドメインによって認識されるIL−15R鎖、前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−7ドメインによって認識されるIL−7R鎖、及び/又は前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−21ドメインによって認識されるIL−21R鎖を含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞の増殖及び活性化が、IL−15R、IL−7R及び/又はIL−21Rのシグナル伝達を介して誘導される、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 投与すること又は養子移植が前記対象中の免疫応答を強化する、請求項32〜34のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象中の疾病を予防又は処置する方法であって、
a)免疫細胞を請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体と接触させること、
b)前記免疫細胞の増殖及び活性化を誘導すること、
c)前記対象に有効量の前記活性化された免疫細胞を投与すること(又は養子移植する)、並びに
d)前記対象中の前記疾病を予防又は処置するのに十分な前記活性化された免疫細胞を介して前記疾病細胞を損傷すること又は死滅させること、
を含む、方法。 - 前記免疫細胞が、前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−15ドメインによって認識される、インターロイキン−15受容体(IL−15R)若しくはその機能的断片、前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−7ドメインによって認識される、インターロイキン−7受容体(IL−7R)若しくはその機能的断片及び/又は前記可溶性融合タンパク質複合体のIL−21ドメインによって認識される、インターロイキン−21受容体(IL−21R)若しくはその機能的断片を含む、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞の増殖及び活性化が、IL−15R、IL−7R及び/又はIL−21のシグナル伝達を介して誘導される、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記疾病が、新形成、感染性疾患又は老化細胞若しくは年齢に関連する疾患である、請求項36〜38のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象中の免疫応答を強化する方法であって、有効量の請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 新形成、感染性疾患又は老化細胞若しくは年齢に関連する疾患の処置を必要としている対象中の新生物、感染性疾患又は老化細胞若しくは年齢に関連する疾患を処置するための方法であって、有効量の、請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体を含む薬学的組成物を前記対象に投与すること、これにより、前記新生物、感染性疾患、又は老化細胞若しくは年齢に関連する疾患を処置することを含む、方法。
- 前記新形成が、神経膠芽腫、前立腺癌、血液癌、B細胞新生物、多発性骨髄腫、B細胞リンパ腫、B細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、慢性リンパ性白血病、急性骨髄性白血病、皮膚T細胞リンパ腫、T細胞リンパ腫、固形腫瘍、尿路上皮/膀胱癌腫、黒色腫、肺癌、腎細胞癌腫、乳癌、胃及び食道癌、前立腺癌、膵臓癌、結腸直腸癌、卵巣癌、非小細胞肺癌腫及び扁平上皮細胞頭部及び頸部癌腫からなる群から選択される、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 前記老化細胞又は年齢に関連する疾患が、代謝的(肥満、糖尿病)、神経性(アルツハイマー及びパーキンソン病)、筋肉、骨及び軟骨関連(筋肉減少症、変形性関節症、脊柱後弯症、椎間板ヘルニア)、組織機能不全関連(肺気腫、心血管疾患及び腎疾患並びにアテローム性動脈硬化症)疾患又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項41又は42に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞がNK細胞、T細胞又は幹細胞メモリーT細胞である、請求項24〜41のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 有効量の活性化された免疫細胞が1×104細胞/kg〜約1×1010細胞/kgである、請求項44に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が1週間に少なくとも1回投与される、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 有効量が約1〜100μg/kgの融合タンパク質複合体である、請求項24〜41のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記融合タンパク質複合体が1週間に少なくとも1回投与される、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 前記融合タンパク質複合体が、免疫細胞増殖、活性化マーカー、標的細胞に対する細胞傷害性及びADCC、グランザイムBの発現、炎症促進性サイトカインの産生、IFN−γ又はこれらの組み合わせを増加させる、請求項24〜48のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象中の免疫応答を刺激する方法であって、
免疫細胞を単離すること、
前記免疫細胞を請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体と接触させること、
前記免疫細胞を前記対象中に再注入すること;これにより、
対象中の前記免疫応答を刺激すること、
を含む、方法。 - 前記免疫細胞が、自家、ハプロタイプ一致、ハプロタイプマッチ又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が自家又は同種幹細胞に由来する、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が、NK細胞、T細胞、幹細胞メモリーT細胞、活性化NK(aNK)細胞、キメラ抗原受容体−NK(CAR−NK)細胞、キメラ抗原受容体−T(CAR−T)細胞又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項51又は52に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上のアジュバントを投与することを必要に応じて含む、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 新形成、感染性疾患又は老化細胞若しくは年齢に関連する疾患を有する対象を処置する方法であって、
a)免疫細胞の増殖及び活性化を誘導するために、免疫細胞を請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載の可溶性融合タンパク質複合体と接触させること、
b)前記対象に有効量の前記活性化された免疫細胞を投与すること(又は養子移植する)、並びに
c)前記対象中の前記疾病を予防又は処置するのに十分な前記活性化された免疫細胞を介して前記疾病細胞を損傷すること又は死滅させること、
を含む、方法。 - 前記新形成が、神経膠芽腫、前立腺癌、血液癌、B細胞新生物、多発性骨髄腫、B細胞リンパ腫、B細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、慢性リンパ性白血病、急性骨髄性白血病、皮膚T細胞リンパ腫、T細胞リンパ腫、固形腫瘍、尿路上皮/膀胱癌腫、黒色腫、肺癌、腎細胞癌腫、乳癌、胃及び食道癌、前立腺癌、膵臓癌、結腸直腸癌、卵巣癌、非小細胞肺癌腫及び扁平上皮細胞頭部及び頸部癌腫からなる群から選択される、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記老化細胞又は年齢に関連する疾患が、代謝性疾患、神経性疾患、筋肉、骨及び軟骨関連疾患、組織機能不全関連疾患又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が、自家、ハプロタイプ一致、ハプロタイプマッチ又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項55又は56のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が自家又は同種幹細胞に由来する、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫細胞が、NK細胞、T細胞、幹細胞メモリーT細胞、活性化NK(aNK)細胞、キメラ抗原受容体−NK(CAR−NK)細胞、キメラ抗原受容体−T(CAR−T)細胞又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項55〜48のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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