JP2020147927A - Building capable of self-supplying life water whose water source is rainwater - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building capable of self-supplying life water whose water source is rainwater and which can be utilized both at the time of disaster and at normal time.SOLUTION: A building includes a water purification system which includes a rainwater tank, a rainwater purification device, a life water tank, a domestic wastewater storage tank, a recycled water tank for reverse osmosis membrane, and a reverse osmosis membrane device. After storing the rainwater in the rainwater tank, the water purified by the rainwater purification device is stored in the life water tank, and the water stored in the life water tank is supplied as life water to a life water facility excluding toilet cleaning water, and the domestic wastewater used in the life water facility is flowed in the domestic wastewater storage tank. After the recycled water biologically purified there is stored in the recycled water tank for reverse osmosis membrane, the purified water filtered and processed by the reverse osmosis membrane device is returned to the rainwater tank or the life water tank to circulate, and also, concentrated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device is supplied to the toilet cleaning water.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water by using rainwater as a water source, and is particularly suitable for a house.

Although the importance and necessity of protecting water resources has been known from the past, it is not generally regarded as a familiar problem, and it is said that there are very effective measures that can be taken by companies and individuals. I could not say.

However, in recent years, there has been a fact that serious natural disasters such as successive earthquakes, typhoons, and floods often cause damage to lifelines, especially water supply, and various public water supply measures in the event of a disaster. Although it has been taken, it cannot be said that it is sufficient, and disaster victims are often forced to put up with domestic water, so measures for emergencies are desired.

In addition, in the present age when it is necessary to live in an area where a lifeline cannot be secured even at all times, and the awareness of ecology is particularly high regardless of companies or individuals, by reusing resources that can be reused as much as possible. The demand for resource saving and energy saving has become extremely large, and there has been a demand for houses and offices that can realize this as a building.

On the other hand, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-317678 (Patent Document 1), a system house including a photovoltaic power generation system, a central ventilation system, and a water treatment system is known. According to this system house, it is said that it is possible to realize a system house having good natural energy utilization efficiency, suppressing wasteful resource consumption, and having good heat recovery efficiency during heating and cooling.

However, the water treatment system in this system house purifies the rainwater stored in the water storage tank with a filtration device (purification means) and supplies it to each facility in the house, but it is a mechanism to store the purified water. It is difficult to respond to a stable supply of domestic water because it does not have, and it is very inconvenient depending on the performance of the filtration device (purification means), especially when a large amount of water is required such as in a bathroom or a washing machine. In addition to the fact that rainwater and purified domestic wastewater have different pollution properties, the same filtration device (purification means) purifies not only rainwater but also domestic wastewater purified by septic tanks (purification means). Because of the configuration, there is a possibility that the accuracy and efficiency of filtration may be wasted or insufficient, and due to the convenience of purifying a large amount of water with a single device, deterioration and clogging are inevitably likely to occur. There is a risk.

Furthermore, since the water treatment system in the above-mentioned system house uses clean water drawn from the water supply in the kitchen and washroom, it is extremely inconvenient to live in a situation where the water supply is cut off, such as in the event of a disaster. It is clear that the system is inadequate.

Therefore, there has been a demand for a building having a mechanism that allows the living water required for living and business to be sufficiently self-sufficient without depending on the water supply.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-317678

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional invention and to provide a building capable of self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source, which can be commonly used in the event of a disaster and at all times. And.

The building of the present invention made to solve the above problems includes a rainwater tank, a rainwater purification device, a domestic water tank, a domestic wastewater storage tank, a regenerated water tank for a reverse osmosis membrane, and a reverse osmosis membrane device. After storing rainwater in the rainwater tank, the water purified by the rainwater purification device is stored in the domestic water tank, and the water stored in the domestic water tank is used as domestic water in a domestic water facility other than toilet cleaning water. The domestic wastewater after being used in the domestic water equipment is poured into the domestic wastewater storage tank, and the biologically purified regenerated water is stored in the reverse osmosis membrane regenerated water tank, and then filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane device. The purified water is returned to the rainwater tank or the domestic water tank and circulated, and the concentrated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device is supplied to the toilet cleaning water.

According to the present invention, the rainwater stored in the rainwater tank is purified by the rainwater purification equipment, supplied as domestic water through the domestic water tank, and the domestic wastewater after use is purified in the domestic wastewater storage tank, and then the reverse osmosis membrane device is used. By filtering it with water and circulating it so that it can be used as domestic water, the degree of purification of domestic wastewater is significantly improved, and it can be used not only as domestic water for all purposes such as kitchens and washrooms, but also as a domestic water tank. It is possible to supply water in a stable manner, and it is easy to supply a large amount of domestic water to bathrooms and washing machines.

Further, if it is characterized by having a water purification system that supplies the concentrated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device as water for cleaning the toilet, the amount of water discharged into the sewer can be significantly reduced. It will be possible and effective utilization of water resources can be realized.

Further, if a part of the purified water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device can be used as the toilet cleaning water, abundant water can be used as the toilet cleaning water by using the purified water and the concentrated water. Can be used.

Furthermore, the toilet cleaning water uses water stored in a toilet cleaning water tank that is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device and can store concentrated water or purified water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device. Further, if the toilet cleaning water tank has a function of maintaining a predetermined amount of water and can drain water that overflows the predetermined amount of water to the sewer, it can always be used as toilet cleaning water. Since a certain amount of usable water is stored in the toilet cleaning tank, users can not only use the toilet with peace of mind, but also purify the water by a relatively simple mechanism that discharges the water overflowing from the toilet cleaning tank to the sewer. You can keep the system running.

Further, if it is characterized in that a part of the concentrated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device is returned to the domestic wastewater storage tank or the rainwater tank and circulated, the water discarded into the sewer is further discharged. It is possible to reduce it.

Further, it is characterized in that it has a chlorine addition means on a route starting from the rainwater purification device and ending at the domestic water facility, and supplies chlorine-sterilized domestic water to the domestic water facility by the chlorine addition means. If so, it will be possible to provide domestic water at a level that can also be used as drinking water.

Furthermore, the reverse osmosis membrane device is composed of a pre-filter and a reverse osmosis membrane main body, and a plurality of the pre-filters are provided in parallel, and a plurality of pre-filters are provided by switching a switching valve provided upstream of the pre-filter. If at least one of them is to be used at all times, even if the prefilter is clogged, it can be continuously used by simply operating the switching valve and can be replaced. It is easy and especially effective in an emergency.

In addition, the pre-filter is provided with a clogging detecting means having a notifying means, and when the clogging detecting means detects that the clogging is clogged, the notifying means is activated to manually switch the mixture. If it is characterized by prompting the operation of the valve and the replacement of the clogged pre-filter, the clogging of the pre-filter is automatically detected and replaced more easily without the need for periodic confirmation. can do.

Furthermore, when the clogging detecting means detects that the pre-filter is clogged, at least one of the plurality of pre-filters provided is always used by automatically switching the switching valve. If it is characterized by this, the operation of the switching valve can be completed automatically without the need for regular confirmation, so the user can continue to use it without any trouble. It becomes.

In addition, the area of more than half of the roof of the building is inclined in one direction, the roof is provided with a rain gutter, and the ground in the site of the building is lowered toward the catchment ditch formed substantially in the center thereof. If it is characterized in that the rainwater accumulated through the gutter and the catchment ditch is stored in the rainwater tank, the rainwater that has fallen on the site is efficiently accumulated and rained. It can be stored in a water tank.

Further, a control device for controlling the water purification system is provided, and the control device has a water detecting means for detecting at least one of a water amount and a water flow rate and a control terminal, and the control terminal has the water detection. It consists of a calculation means that inputs and calculates a numerical value acquired from the means, a display means that displays the calculation result, and an operation means that can be operated by a person, and is automatically performed by the calculation means or a person who uses the operation means. If the water purification system can be controlled by operation, the water purification system can be controlled from the room where the control terminal is arranged. Therefore, for example, when the amount of rainwater stored is small, the water purification system is set to the water saving mode. It is possible to control such as saving the amount of water used.

In addition, the display means is a monitor, and the amount of water stored in the rainwater tank and the domestic water tank, the flow rate of treated water of the rainwater purification device and the reverse osmosis membrane device, and the amount of domestic water used are displayed on the monitor. If it is characterized in that the water purification system is visualized and displayed, the user can grasp the operating status of the water purification system just by looking at the monitor and can easily perform necessary operations.

Furthermore, the reverse osmosis membrane device is composed of a pre-filter and a reverse osmosis membrane main body, and a plurality of the pre-filters are provided in parallel, and the pre-filters provided by switching the switching valve upstream of the pre-filter are provided. At least one of them is used all the time, and when the clogging detecting means detects that the pre-filter is clogged, the display means displays that the pre-filter is clogged and the above. If the switching valve can be switched by a person's operation using the operating means, the clogging of the prefilter can be notified by the display means of the control terminal that the user touches on a daily basis. Therefore, information can be aggregated, and the switching valve can be easily operated and the prefilter can be replaced easily.

In addition, a photovoltaic power generation panel is provided, and at least one of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel or the power from the grid power is used in the domestic water facility including the water purification system directly or via a storage battery. If it is characterized by being equipped with a power generation / storage system, it is possible to make it possible to be self-sufficient in power by using power generation by a photovoltaic power generation panel.

In addition, the storage battery comprises a stationary storage battery and a storage battery built into an electric vehicle, and one or both of the power stored in the stationary storage battery and the storage battery built into the electric vehicle can be selectively used. Then, in addition to the stationary storage battery that can always be used, both the storage battery built into the electric vehicle, which is a storage battery having a relatively large capacity, can be utilized to provide a stable power supply.

Further, the control device for controlling the power generation / storage system is provided, and the control terminal has an electric detection means for detecting at least one of the remaining battery level and the current amount, and a control terminal. It consists of a calculation means for inputting and calculating a numerical value acquired from an electric detection means, a display means for displaying the calculation result, and an operation means that can be operated by a person, and the calculation means automatically or uses the operation means. If the power generation / storage system can be controlled by the operation of the person who was there, the power generation / storage system can be controlled from the room where the control terminal is arranged, so that the remaining amount of electricity is small, for example. Occasionally, the power generation / storage system can be set to a power saving mode to control power consumption.

In addition, the display means is a monitor, and the monitor visualizes and displays the remaining battery level of the storage battery, the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel, and the amount of electricity used. If this is the case, the user can grasp the operating status of the power generation / storage system just by looking at the monitor and can easily perform necessary operations.

According to the present invention, a separate purification means is provided for each of rainwater and domestic wastewater, rainwater stored in the rainwater tank is purified by a rainwater purification facility, supplied as domestic water through the domestic water tank, and after use. After purifying domestic wastewater in a domestic wastewater storage tank (combined septic tank), it is filtered by a reverse osmosis membrane device and circulated so that it can be used as domestic water, which greatly improves the degree of purification of domestic wastewater. Not only can it be used as domestic water for all purposes such as kitchens and washrooms, but it can also be stably supplied by the domestic water tank, and it is easy to supply a large amount of domestic water to bathrooms and washing machines. It is possible to significantly reduce the amount of water that is dumped into the sewer, and it is possible to provide a building that can realize the effective use of water resources.

In addition, if the reverse osmosis membrane device is equipped with multiple pre-filters and their use can be switched by a switching valve, it is possible to continue using the water purification system without stopping the operation, and the pre-filters. It has the advantage of being easy to replace.

Furthermore, if the building is equipped with a power generation / electricity storage system, it will be possible to be self-sufficient in electricity, and in an emergency when water and electricity cannot be secured, it will be possible to realize disaster countermeasures that can be self-sufficient in both, and at all times resource saving And energy saving can be realized.

Furthermore, if a control device is provided to control these systems, it is not only possible to control the water purification system or the power generation / storage system when it is necessary to adjust it due to the daily environment such as weather and temperature, but also it is a monitor. If the display means can be visually recognized by the user, it can be easily controlled from the room, which makes it more convenient.

The block diagram which shows the building which is a preferable embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the water purification system in this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the rainwater purification apparatus in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows different reverse osmosis membrane apparatus in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the control device in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows different control device in the water purification system shown in FIG. An explanatory diagram showing a screen of a display means in the control device shown in FIG. 7. The block diagram which shows the power generation / electricity storage system in this invention. An explanatory diagram showing a control device in the power generation / storage system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the screen of the display means in the control device shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In this specification, the domestic water facility F refers to the facility in the building B that uses domestic water excluding the toilet T, and refers to, for example, a kitchen, a washroom, a bathroom, a washing machine, and the like. .. Further, the equipment E such as home appliances refers to equipment in the building B that uses electric power, and refers to, for example, a television, an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a lighting device, a network device, an outlet, and the like.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a building B that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This building B is, for example, a single-family house in which a family of four lives. It is particularly suitable for use as a vehicle.

Building B is equipped with a water purification system and a power generation / storage system, and a detailed description will be described later.

The roof 10 of the building B has a structure in which an area of more than half is inclined in one direction, and in the present embodiment, a structure in which an area of at least 70% or more is inclined in one direction, and the rainwater tank 110 A rain gutter 20 for guiding rainwater 1 is provided in the building. The rainwater 1 that falls in the rain is guided along the slope of the roof 10, is collected by the gutter 20, and is stored in the rainwater tank 110.

Further, since the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 is installed on the roof 10, it is particularly preferable that the direction of inclination is, for example, southward, in a direction capable of efficiently receiving sunlight.

The structure of the rain gutter 20 does not only refer to a pipe-shaped rain gutter having a groove having a substantially semicircular cross section, but may have a cross-section pipe type or any other shape, and has a structure capable of guiding rainwater flowing through the roof. If there is, the shape does not matter. Further, it is preferable that the rain gutter 20 is provided with a trap for collecting foreign substances such as fallen leaves and insects on the conduit (not shown).

The ground 30 in the site of the building B has a structure inclined so as to be lowered toward the catchment groove 40 formed substantially in the center thereof, and the catchment groove 40 has a passage 41 communicating with the rainwater tank 110. It is formed.

By providing the rain gutter 20 provided on the inclined roof 10 and the catchment ditch 40 provided on the inclined ground 30, the rainwater falling on the site of the building B can be collected very efficiently. , Can be stored in the rainwater tank 110.

It is desirable to bury the rainwater tank 110 underground, but when it is installed on the ground, for example, it can be carried out without any problem by using a pump or the like.

The dotted line shown in FIG. 1 indicates a power supply path, but the power supply path is not limited to this.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the water purification system 100 in the present invention. The water purification system 100 of the present invention includes a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, a domestic water tank 130, and a domestic wastewater storage tank (combined septic tank) 140. It has a reverse osmosis membrane regeneration water tank 150, a reverse osmosis membrane device 160, a toilet cleaning water tank 180, and a water purification system control device 200.

As a flow of water purification treatment, after the rainwater 1 is stored in the rainwater tank 110, the purified water 2 purified by the rainwater purification device 120 is stored in the domestic water tank 130, and the domestic water 3 stored in the domestic water tank 130 is washed in the toilet. It was supplied to the domestic water facility F excluding the water, the domestic wastewater 4 after being used in the domestic water facility F was poured into the domestic wastewater storage tank 140, and the biologically purified regenerated water 5 was stored in the reverse osmosis membrane regenerated water tank 150. After that, the purified water 6 filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 is returned to the rainwater tank 110 and circulated, and the concentrated water 7 discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 is washed in the toilet through the toilet cleaning water tank 180. It is supplied as irrigation water, and the toilet cleaning water after use is drained to the sewer S.

Since the filtration treatment using the reverse osmosis membrane can obtain purified water (pure water) having extremely high purity, it is assumed that the purified water 6 is circulated to the domestic water tank 130 as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. May be good.

Further, when the goal is to further improve the utilization efficiency (recovery efficiency) of water resources, the concentrated water 7 is circulated to the rainwater tank 110 or the domestic wastewater storage tank 140 as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. By doing so, the amount of water discarded into the sewer S can be further reduced.

The rainwater tank 110 is a tank capable of storing water and has an appropriate capacity depending on the scale of the building to be implemented, but it is preferably as large as possible, for example, in a single-family house. It is desirable to have a capacity of about 10,000 L to 18,000 L. Further, it is particularly desirable to have a pump for pumping and a pump for sending because the inflow and outflow of the stored water can be performed more smoothly (not shown).

The rainwater purification device 120 includes a pump 121, a first filter 122, a second filter 123, a chlorine addition device (chlorine addition means) 124, and a flow rate sensor 125 (see FIG. 3).

When the pump 121 is energized and driven, rainwater 1 is sucked up from the rainwater tank 110, purified by the first filter 122 and the second filter 123, and finally a certain amount of chemical solution (containing chlorine) is added by the chlorine addition device 124. Is disinfected and sent out as purified water 2.

Conventionally known filters such as a porous body, a carbon filter, and a hollow fiber filter can be used as the first filter 122 and the second filter 123. In the present embodiment, the first filter 122 is a carbon filter, and the first filter 122 is a carbon filter. The 2 filter 123 uses a hollow fiber filter having a finer mesh than the 1st filter 122.

The chlorine addition device 124 receives a pulse of a signal transmitted from the flow sensor 125, discharges a predetermined amount of a chemical solution (containing chlorine) when detecting a predetermined number of pulses, and purifies water containing a predetermined ratio of chlorine. It is for setting 2. The method of driving the chlorine addition device is not limited to this, and for example, a predetermined amount of chemical solution may be continuously discharged.

The chlorine addition device 124 may be installed independently of the rainwater purification device 120, for example, behind the domestic water tank 130.

The domestic water tank 130 is a tank capable of storing water and has an appropriate capacity depending on the scale of the building to be implemented. For example, a single-family house has a capacity of about 300 to 1000 L. Is desirable.

The domestic wastewater storage tank 140 is a combined septic tank having a means for purifying organisms by microorganisms, and particularly decomposes and purifies organic stains such as oil and protein contained in domestic wastewater.

The reverse osmosis membrane device 160 includes a pump 161, a pre-filter 162, a clogging detecting means 163, a notification means 164, a reverse osmosis membrane main body 165, a TDS tester 166, a pressure gauge 167, and a pressure adjusting valve 168. (See FIG. 4).

When the pump 161 is energized and driven, the reclaimed water 5 is sucked up from the reverse osmosis membrane reclaimed water tank 150, filtered by the prefilter 162 and the reverse osmosis membrane main body 165, and the purified water 6 from the water purification outlet 165a and the concentrated water outlet. It is separately discharged from the concentrated water 7 from 165b.

At this time, the pressure adjusting valve 168 provided on the concentrated water outlet 165b side can be operated to adjust the ratio of purified water and concentrated water obtained by filtration treatment. That is, when the pressure adjusting valve 168 is operated in the closing direction to increase the pressure applied to the reverse osmosis membrane body 165, the ratio of the purified water 6 discharged from the water purification outlet 165a can be increased, the discharge amount can be increased, and the pressure can be increased. The opposite is true when the regulating valve 168 is operated in the opening direction.

The clogging detecting means 163 notifies the clogging detecting signal to the notification means 164 when, for example, a flow rate sensor can be used and the flow rate sensor detects that the flow rate is equal to or lower than a predetermined flow rate. However, a conventionally known detection means such as a water quality sensor may be used. Further, the number of the clogging detecting means 163 is not limited to one, and for example, the number equal to the number of pre-filters may be installed (not shown).

A lamp, a buzzer, or the like can be used as the notification means 164, and the user can visually or audibly recognize that the notification means 164 is operating at the time of operation, and the lamp lights up in the present embodiment. Is. The user can replace the pre-filter 162 by being prompted by the operation of the notification means 164.

The TDS tester 166 measures the TDS (total dissolved solids) values of the reclaimed water 5 supplied and the purified water 6 after the water purification treatment, and is used as an index of whether or not the purified water 6 has reached the desired degree of purified water. is there. When the purified water 6 does not reach the desired degree of purification, the degree of purification can be increased by reducing the discharge amount of the purified water 6 and lowering the water purification ratio by operating the pressure adjusting valve 168 as described above.

A plurality of pre-filters 162 can be provided, and conventionally known filters such as a carbon filter, a cediment filter, and a hollow fiber filter can be used. In the present embodiment, the first pre-filter to the third pre-filter can be used. The first pre-filter 162a uses a disk filter, the second pre-filter 162b uses a cediment filter, and the third pre-filter 162c uses a carbon filter.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing different reverse osmosis membrane devices 170, in which the reverse osmosis membrane device 170 includes a pump 171, a pre-filter 172, a clogging detecting means 173, a notification means 174, a water purification outlet 175a, and a concentrated water outlet. It is the same as the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 in that it has a reverse osmosis membrane body 175 provided with 175b, a TDS tester 176, a pressure gauge 177, and a pressure regulating valve 178, but a plurality of prefilters are arranged in parallel. It differs from the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 in that it is provided.

Specifically, the reverse osmosis membrane device 170 is provided with a switching valve 179 behind the pump 171 and has a first pre-filter 172a and a second pre-filter 172a and a second pre-filter in each of the flow paths 179a and 179b switched by the switching valve 179, respectively. The filter 172b is arranged.

In this way, the flow path is switched by operating the switching valve 179 so that one of the first prefilter 172a and the second prefilter 172b is always used, so that one of the prefilters is clogged or malfunctions. At that time, since the other pre-filter can be used only by operating the switching valve 179, the water purification system 100 can always be operated, and it is very easy to replace the pre-filter that is clogged or has failed.

The clogging detecting means 173 is provided in each of the first pre-filter 172a and the second pre-filter 172b, and can detect which pre-filter has clogged or failed.

It is preferable to use the same type of pre-filter for the first pre-filter and the second pre-filter, but different types of pre-filter may be used. For example, if one of the pre-filters is used as a spare pre-filter and is used only while the pre-filter that is always used is replaced, the overall cost is reduced by making the pre-filter that is used only temporarily inexpensive. You can also do it.

The toilet cleaning water tank 180 is a tank that can store water and has an appropriate capacity depending on the scale of the building to be implemented. For example, in a detached house, a capacity of about 50 L to 300 L is used. It is desirable to have. When the concentrated water 7 to be stored reaches a certain capacity, the amount of overflowing water is drained to the sewer S.

Further, the water stored in the toilet cleaning water tank 180 is not limited to the concentrated water 7, and the purified water 6 may be stored and used as toilet cleaning water (not shown).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a water purification system control device 200, and the water purification system control device 200 is for a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, a domestic water tank 130, a domestic wastewater storage tank 140, and a reverse osmosis membrane constituting the water purification system 100. By controlling all or part of the regenerated water tank 150, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the toilet cleaning water tank 180, the entire water purification system 100 is controlled, and at least one of the water amount and the water flow rate. It has a water detecting means 201 for detecting the above and a control terminal 202. The control terminal 202 includes a calculation means 203, a display means 204, and a human-operable operation means 205.

The control terminal 202 inputs a numerical value acquired from the water detecting means 201 into the calculating means 203, performs a calculation, and the calculation result is displayed on the display means 204, and the calculation means 203 automatically performs the water purification system 100. In addition to being able to control the water purification system 100, the water purification system 100 can also be controlled by human operation using the operating means 205.

For example, when it is determined that the amount of water stored in the rainwater tank 110 is small based on the numerical value obtained from the water detection means 201 capable of detecting the water level provided in the rainwater tank 110 in a time when there is little rain, the water purification system is set to the water saving mode. It is possible to control such as saving the amount of domestic water used.

In addition, when it is judged that the amount of domestic water used from the domestic water tank 130 is large based on the numerical value obtained from the water detecting means 201 capable of detecting the flow rate provided in the domestic water tank 130 when using the bathroom or the washing machine, It is also possible to control the water purification system as an emergency mode, such as increasing the processing amount of the rainwater purification device 120.

As the water detecting means 201, conventionally known sensors such as a water level sensor and a flow rate sensor can be used, and may be used in combination with the flow rate sensor 125, the clogging detecting means 163 and other pre-installed sensors.

The water purification system control device 200 takes the form of a control panel, and instruments are used as the display means 204, and switches such as a toggle switch or a dial switch are used as the operation means 205.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing different water purification system control devices 300, in which the water purification system control device 300 includes a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, a domestic water tank 130, a domestic wastewater storage tank 140, and a reverse osmosis membrane that constitute the water purification system 100. The entire water purification system 100 is controlled by controlling all or part of the reclaimed water tank 150, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the water tank 180 for cleaning the toilet, and at least the amount of water and the flow rate of water are controlled. It has a water detecting means 301 for detecting one of them and a control terminal 302. The control terminal 302 is the same as the water purification system control device 200 in that it includes a calculation means 303, a display means 304, and a human-operable operation means 305, but the display means 304 is, for example, a television or the like. It differs from the water purification system control device 200 in that it is a monitor.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the display means 304 which is a monitor. As shown in this figure, the display means 304 includes a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, and a living body which constitute a water purification system 100. One or both of the water amount and the water flow rate of the water tank 130, the domestic wastewater storage tank 140, the regenerated water tank 150 for the reverse osmosis membrane, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the water tank 180 for cleaning the toilet are displayed.

For example, a touch panel or remote controller of a monitor, a mouse / keyboard, a voice recognition device, or the like can be used as the operation means 305, and by pressing a button or the like displayed on the display means 304 or instructing by voice recognition. The water purification system 100 can be easily controlled.

According to the water purification system control device 300, since the display means 304 which is a monitor can be installed in the room of the building B, for example, it can be used regularly as a monitor and the control terminal 202 which is a control panel. Unlike, it is especially convenient because it does not occupy space or disturb the atmosphere.

The control terminal 302 can be used, for example, a personal computer, but any other terminal can be used, and a terminal installed outside the building B via a cloud network may be used. ..

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a power generation / storage system 400 according to the present invention. The power generation / storage system 400 of the present invention includes a photovoltaic power generation panel 410, a storage battery 420 including a stationary storage battery 421 and a storage battery 422 built into an electric vehicle. Has.

As a flow of power generation and storage, the power generated by the solar power generation panel 410 is supplied to the stationary storage battery 421 and the storage battery 422 built in the electric vehicle to store the power, and then the water purification system 100, the domestic water facility F, and the like. It is used as electric power used in the building B including the equipment E such as home appliances.

By utilizing both the stationary storage battery 421, which can always be used as the storage battery 420, and the storage battery 422 built into the electric vehicle, which is a relatively large-capacity storage battery, both continuous and instantaneous power demand can be met. A stable power supply is possible.

It is desirable that the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 has an output of about 5.5 kW to 9.9 kW in, for example, a single-family house.

The storage capacity of the stationary storage battery 421 is preferably about 10 kWh to 48 kWh in, for example, a single-family house.

It is desirable that the storage capacity of the storage battery 422 built into the electric vehicle has a capacity of about 24 kWh to 48 kWh in, for example, a single-family house.

Since the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 is a DC current, a method of supplying it to the building B via a stationary storage battery 421 and a storage battery 422 built in an electric vehicle, which are storage batteries 420 having an inverter function and a transformer function, is adopted. However, for example, when a facility having an inverter function and a transformer function is separately provided, a method may be used in which the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 is directly drawn into the building B (not shown).

As shown by the dotted line in FIG. 9, the power from the grid power C may be supplied to the storage battery 420, or the power from the grid power C may be directly drawn into the building B for use. Good.

In addition, if a fuel cell that uses hydrogen to generate electricity is provided as a means of power generation, it is not only a preparation for when bad weather continues and sufficient solar power generation cannot be expected, but also a backup power source in the event of a disaster. It is particularly desirable because it can be used as a fuel cell (not shown).

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a power generation / storage system control device 500, and the water purification system control device 500 is a storage battery including a solar power generation panel 410 constituting the power generation / storage system 400, a stationary storage battery 421, and a storage battery 422 built into an electric vehicle. By controlling all or part of the 420, the entire power generation / storage system 400 is controlled, and the electric detection means 501 for detecting at least one of the remaining battery level and the current amount, and the control terminal 502 Has. The control terminal 502 includes a calculation means 503, a display means 504, and a human-operable operation means 505.

The control terminal 502 inputs a numerical value acquired from the electric detection means 501 into the calculation means 503 and performs calculation, and the calculation result is displayed on the display means 504, and the calculation means 503 automatically generates and stores electricity. In addition to being able to control the system 500, it is also possible to control the power generation / storage system 500 by human operation using the operating means 505.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the display means 504, which is a monitor. As shown in this figure, the display means 504 has a power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 constituting the power generation / storage system 400. The remaining battery level of the storage battery 420 including the stationary storage battery 421 and the storage battery 422 built into the electric vehicle and the amount of electricity used in the building B are displayed.

For example, a touch panel or remote controller of a monitor, a mouse / keyboard, a voice recognition device, or the like can be used as the operation means 505, and by pressing a button or the like displayed on the display means 504 or giving an instruction by voice recognition. The power generation / storage system 400 can be easily controlled.

According to the power generation / storage system control device 500, the display means 504, which is a monitor, can be installed in, for example, the room of the building B. And, of course, it is easy to use a monitor shared with the display means 304 of the water purification system control device 300.

The control terminal 502 can be used, for example, a personal computer, but any other terminal can be used, and a terminal installed outside the building B via a cloud network may be used. ..

Regarding the water purification system 100 in the present invention, the rainwater tank 110, the rainwater purification device 120, the domestic water tank 130, the domestic wastewater storage tank 140, the regenerated water tank for reverse osmosis membrane 150, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the water tank for cleaning the toilet. Pumps not shown in FIG. 1 may be provided in each of the 180 front or rear paths.

According to the present invention having the above configuration, separate purification means are provided for each of rainwater and domestic wastewater, rainwater stored in the rainwater tank is purified by a rainwater purification facility, and supplied as domestic water through the domestic water tank. However, after purifying the domestic wastewater after use in the domestic wastewater storage tank (combined septic tank), it is filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane device and circulated so that it can be used as domestic water. Not only can it be used as domestic water in kitchens and washrooms, but it is also easy to supply a large amount of domestic water to bathrooms and washing machines with a domestic water tank, and water that is discarded into the sewer. The amount can be significantly reduced, and it is possible to provide a building that can realize effective utilization of water resources.

In addition, if the reverse osmosis membrane device is equipped with multiple pre-filters and their use can be switched by a switching valve, it is possible to continue using the water purification system without stopping the operation, and the pre-filters. It has the advantage of being easy to replace.

Furthermore, if the building is equipped with a power generation / electricity storage system, it will be possible to be self-sufficient in electricity, and in an emergency when water and electricity cannot be secured, it will be possible to realize disaster countermeasures that can be self-sufficient in both, and at all times resource saving And energy saving can be realized.

Furthermore, if it is equipped with a control device that controls these systems, it is not only possible to control when it is necessary to adjust the water purification system or the power generation / storage system due to the daily environment such as weather and temperature, but it is also a monitor. If the display means can be visually recognized by the user, it can be easily controlled from the room, which makes it more convenient.

In order to carry out a demonstration experiment on the building according to the present invention, the inventors will build a model house of a detached house on a site of about 90 tsubo in Shizuoka prefecture, and reproduce the real life of a family of four to create a water purification system. We have verified this, and this is shown below.

1. 1. Equipment used The equipment used is the same equipment as the water purification system of the present invention, which has a rainwater tank, a rainwater purification device, a domestic water tank, a domestic wastewater storage tank, a regenerated water tank for reverse osmosis membranes, a reverse osmosis membrane device, and a water tank for cleaning toilets. Using.

2. 2. Initial calculation As an initial calculation, the average annual rainfall in Shizuoka Prefecture (mm / m ² ), the effective catchment area, and the catchment coefficient (set at 0.85) are multiplied to reach 330 L / day. It was assumed that rainwater could be obtained.

As for the consumption of domestic water, it is assumed that the total amount of domestic water facilities such as kitchen, washroom, bathroom, washing machine, and toilet is about 540 L / day. In addition, it was assumed that 150 L of water was consumed for cleaning the toilet.

Of the domestic wastewater discharged from the domestic water equipment after use, about 30 L is expected to be a loss due to evaporation, etc., and 510 L of reclaimed water obtained by biological purification in the domestic wastewater storage tank is filtered by a reverse osmosis membrane device. Process.

The purified water obtained by the filtration treatment with the reverse osmosis membrane device was set to about 40% of that before the treatment. Therefore, about 210 L of the obtained purified water is circulated to the rainwater tank and reused.

The remaining approximately 300 L of concentrated water obtained by filtering with a reverse osmosis membrane device is once stored in a toilet cleaning water tank, used as toilet cleaning water, and then drained into the sewer. It is assumed that the daily toilet drainage is about 150 L, and since the capacity of the toilet cleaning water tank is 100 L, about 150 L of concentrated water is drained to the sewer as it is as an overflow.

Therefore, in the initial calculation, 330 L of water obtained as rainwater per day and 210 L of water obtained as purified water are combined to balance with 540 L of domestic water consumption per day, so water from the outside such as water supply It was assumed that it would be possible to be completely self-sufficient in domestic water without relying on the supply of water.

3. 3. Experiment contents From February to November 2018, the kitchen, washroom, bathroom, washing machine, and toilet were used regularly at the specified time in the model house in order to reproduce the real life of a family of four.

4. Experimental results 1 About the amount of domestic water used Table 1 below shows the amount of domestic water used for kitchens, washrooms, bathrooms, washing machines, and toilets, excluding toilet cleaning water.

Table 2 below is a table showing the amount of domestic water used for cleaning the toilet.

As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, according to the actual values of the average from February to November, the total domestic water use was 651.1 L / day, and the toilet cleaning water was 100.6 L / day.

That is, the actual measurement value was 111.7 L, which was larger than the assumed daily water consumption of 540 L.

5. Experimental Results 2 About Rainwater Collection Table 3 below shows the amount of rainfall and the amount of rainwater collected (sample for 2 days).

As shown in Table 3 above, the amount of domestic water obtained from rainwater through the rainwater purification device was 187.8L, which was higher than 165.8L calculated from the rainfall data of the Japan Meteorological Agency on May 13, 2018.

6. Experimental result 3 Reuse from domestic wastewater Table 4 below shows the reuse rate from domestic wastewater.

As shown in Table 4 above, the reuse rate of purified water obtained from domestic wastewater through the domestic wastewater septic tank and reverse osmosis membrane device is initially in the 10% range, and immediately after the maintenance on July 4, it is 40% of the initial assumption. Has been achieved, but has decreased since then.

The reason for this is that in the demonstration experiment, the amount of organic dirt discharged from the kitchen and bathroom is small and it is different from the real life, so there is a possibility that the domestic wastewater septic tank (combined septic tank) is not functioning sufficiently, and the prefilter. It is considered necessary to improve the maintenance of the reverse osmosis membrane body.

In addition, in order to carry out a demonstration experiment of the building according to the present invention, the inventors also performed verification on the power generation / storage system by reproducing the real life of a family of four using the model house described above. , This is shown below.

1. 1. Equipment used The equipment used uses a photovoltaic power generation panel (output 9.9 kW) or a photovoltaic power generation panel (output 5.62 kW) as a power source, a stationary storage battery and a storage battery built into an electric vehicle as a storage battery, and fuel as an auxiliary power source. A battery (output 0.7 kW / h) was used.

2. 2. Initial calculation As an initial calculation, the amount of power generated from the photovoltaic power generation panel was 3.7kWh (in rainy weather), and the amount of power generated from the fuel cell was 10.0kWh / h.

The total amount of electricity used is 15.5kWh for lighting equipment such as home appliances, air conditioners, rice cookers, microwave ovens, coffee makers, TVs, vacuum cleaners, dryers, refrigerators, outdoor water tank pumps, water purification systems, and fuel cells. I assumed.

3. 3. Experiment contents In order to reproduce the real life of a family of four, from February to November 2018, in the model house, lighting equipment, air conditioners, rice cookers, microwave ovens, coffee makers, TVs, vacuum cleaners, etc. The dryer and refrigerator were used regularly at the specified time, and the water purification system and fuel cell were operated.

4. Experimental Results 1 Regarding the amount of electricity used Table 5 below is a table showing the amount of electricity used.

As shown in Table 5 above, the actual daily electricity consumption required for a family of four was 19.9 kWh.

That is, the measured value was 4.4 kWh more than the 15.5 kWh assumed as the amount of electricity used in one day.

5. Experimental result 2 About the amount of electricity generated Table 6 below is a table showing the amount of electricity generated.

As shown in Table 6 above, the actual value of the electric power obtained from the solar power generation panel is much higher than initially expected, and even with a small output solar power generation panel, about 80% of the daily electricity consumption is used. It was found that it can be covered and that by using a fuel cell as an auxiliary power source, it is possible to be self-sufficient in power that does not depend on system power.

As for the fuel cell, since it was completely self-sustaining in February-July, power generation was stopped when the amount of electricity stored reached 100% as a function of the storage battery or when the amount of instantaneous power generation was too large. By reviewing the settings, the power generation performance from August to November has improved.

B Building, F Domestic water equipment, T Toilet, 1 Rainwater, 2 Purified water, 3 Domestic water, 4 Domestic wastewater, 5 Regenerated water, 6 Purified water, 7 Concentrated water, 10 roofs, 20 Rain troughs, 30 Ground, 40 Water collection Groove, 100 water purification system, 110 rainwater tank, 120 rainwater purification device, 121 pump, 122 first filter, 123 second filter, 124 chlorine addition device (chlorination means), 125 flow sensor, 130 domestic water tank, 140 domestic wastewater storage Tank (combined septic tank), 150 reverse osmosis membrane regeneration water tank, 160 reverse osmosis membrane device, 161 pump, 162 prefilter, 162a first prefilter, 162b second prefilter, 162c third prefilter, 163 clogging detection means 164 Notifying means, 165 reverse osmosis membrane body, 165a water purification outlet, 165b concentrated water outlet, 166 TDS tester, 167 pressure gauge, 168 pressure regulating valve, 170 reverse osmosis membrane device, 171 pump, 172 prefilter, 172a first pre Filter, 172b second pre-filter, 173 clogging detecting means, 174 notification means, 175 reverse osmosis membrane body, 175a water purification outlet, 175b concentrated water outlet, 176 TDS tester, 177 pressure gauge, 178 pressure regulating valve, 179 switching valve, 179a flow path, 179b flow path, 180 toilet cleaning water tank, 200 water purification system control device, 201 water detection means, 202 control terminal, 203 calculation means, 204 display means, 205 operation means, 300 water purification system control device, 301 water detection Means, 302 control terminal, 303 arithmetic means, 304 display means, 305 operation means, 400 power generation / storage system, 410 solar power generation panel, 420 storage battery, 421 stationary storage battery, 422 electric vehicle built-in storage battery, 500 power generation / storage system control Device, 501 water detection means, 502 control terminal, 503 calculation means, 504 display means, 505 operation means

The present invention relates to a building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water by using rainwater as a water source, and is particularly suitable for a house.

Although the importance and necessity of protecting water resources has been known from the past, it is not generally regarded as a familiar problem, and it is said that there are very effective measures that can be taken by companies and individuals. I could not say.

However, in recent years, there has been a fact that serious natural disasters such as successive earthquakes, typhoons, and floods often cause damage to lifelines, especially water supply, and various public water supply measures in the event of a disaster. Although it has been taken, it cannot be said that it is sufficient, and disaster victims are often forced to put up with domestic water, so measures for emergencies are desired.

In addition, in the present age when it is necessary to live in an area where a lifeline cannot be secured even at all times, and the awareness of ecology is particularly high regardless of companies or individuals, by reusing resources that can be reused as much as possible. The demand for resource saving and energy saving has become extremely large, and there has been a demand for houses and offices that can realize this as a building.

On the other hand, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-317678 (Patent Document 1), a system house including a photovoltaic power generation system, a central ventilation system, and a water treatment system is known. According to this system house, it is said that it is possible to realize a system house having good natural energy utilization efficiency, suppressing wasteful resource consumption, and having good heat recovery efficiency during heating and cooling.

However, the water treatment system in this system house purifies the rainwater stored in the water storage tank with a filtration device (purification means) and supplies it to each facility in the house, but it is a mechanism to store the purified water. It is difficult to respond to a stable supply of domestic water because it does not have, and it is very inconvenient depending on the performance of the filtration device (purification means), especially when a large amount of water is required such as in a bathroom or a washing machine. In addition to the fact that rainwater and purified domestic wastewater have different pollution properties, the same filtration device (purification means) purifies not only rainwater but also domestic wastewater purified by septic tanks (purification means). Because of the configuration, there is a possibility that the accuracy and efficiency of filtration may be wasted or insufficient, and due to the convenience of purifying a large amount of water with a single device, deterioration and clogging are inevitably likely to occur. There is a risk.

Furthermore, since the water treatment system in the above-mentioned system house uses clean water drawn from the water supply in the kitchen and washroom, it is extremely inconvenient to live in a situation where the water supply is cut off, such as in the event of a disaster. It is clear that the system is inadequate.

Therefore, there has been a demand for a building having a mechanism that allows the living water required for living and business to be sufficiently self-sufficient without depending on the water supply.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-317678

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional invention and to provide a building capable of self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source, which can be commonly used in the event of a disaster and at all times. And.

The building of the present invention made to solve the above problems has a rainwater tank, a rainwater purification device, and a domestic water tank, and after storing rainwater in the rainwater tank, it is purified by the rainwater purification device. water was stored in the life aquarium, characterized in that the water stored in the life aquarium with a water purification system to supply as living water to the raw water activation facilities.

According to the present invention, the rainwater stored in the rain water tank was cleaned by rain water purifier, supplied as living water through the life aquarium that has a configuration Ru can take advantage, rainwater life water and water source It will be possible to provide buildings that are self-sufficient.

Further , it is characterized in that it has a chlorine addition means on a route starting from the rainwater purification device and ending at the domestic water facility, and supplies chlorine-sterilized domestic water to the domestic water facility by the chlorine addition means. If so, it will be possible to provide domestic water at a level that can also be used as drinking water.

Further , the area of more than half of the roof of the building is inclined in one direction, the roof is provided with a gutter, and the ground in the site of the building is lowered toward the catchment ditch formed substantially in the center thereof. If it is characterized in that the rainwater accumulated through the gutter and the catchment ditch is stored in the rainwater tank, the rainwater that has fallen on the site is efficiently accumulated and rained. It can be stored in a water tank.

Further , a control device for controlling the water purification system is provided, and the control device has a water detecting means for detecting at least one of a water amount and a water flow rate and a control terminal, and the control terminal has the water detection. It consists of a calculation means that inputs and calculates a numerical value acquired from the means, a display means that displays the calculation result, and an operation means that can be operated by a person, and is automatically performed by the calculation means or a person who uses the operation means. If the water purification system can be controlled by operation, the water purification system can be controlled from the room where the control terminal is arranged. Therefore, for example, when the amount of rainwater stored is small, the water purification system is set to the water saving mode. It is possible to control such as saving the amount of water used.

In addition, the display means is a monitor, a water volume of the rain water tank and the life aquarium on the monitor, and the treated water flow rate of the rainwater purification equipment, visualizing and displaying the usage life water, If it is characterized by this, the user can grasp the operating status of the water purification system just by looking at the monitor and can easily perform the operation as necessary.

In addition, a photovoltaic power generation panel is provided, and at least one of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel or the power from the grid power is used in the domestic water facility including the water purification system directly or via a storage battery. If it is characterized by being equipped with a power generation / storage system, it is possible to make it possible to be self-sufficient in power by using power generation by a photovoltaic power generation panel.

In addition, the storage battery comprises a stationary storage battery and a storage battery built into an electric vehicle, and one or both of the power stored in the stationary storage battery and the storage battery built into the electric vehicle can be selectively used. Then, in addition to the stationary storage battery that can always be used, both the storage battery built into the electric vehicle, which is a storage battery having a relatively large capacity, can be utilized to provide a stable power supply.

Further, the control device for controlling the power generation / storage system is provided, and the control terminal has an electric detection means for detecting at least one of the remaining battery level and the current amount, and a control terminal. It consists of a calculation means for inputting and calculating a numerical value acquired from an electric detection means, a display means for displaying the calculation result, and an operation means that can be operated by a person, and the calculation means automatically or uses the operation means. If the power generation / storage system can be controlled by the operation of the person who was there, the power generation / storage system can be controlled from the room where the control terminal is arranged, so that the remaining amount of electricity is small, for example. Occasionally, the power generation / storage system can be set to a power saving mode to control power consumption.

In addition, the display means is a monitor, and the monitor visualizes and displays the remaining battery level of the storage battery, the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel, and the amount of electricity used. If this is the case, the user can grasp the operating status of the power generation / storage system just by looking at the monitor and can easily perform necessary operations.

Further, the water purification system has a domestic wastewater storage tank, a reclaimed water tank for a reverse osmosis membrane, and a reverse osmosis membrane device, and the domestic wastewater after being used in the domestic water facility excluding toilet cleaning water is used for the daily life. After flowing into a wastewater storage tank and storing the biologically purified reclaimed water in a reclaimed water tank for a reverse osmosis membrane, the purified water filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane device is returned to the rainwater tank or the domestic water tank and circulated. If it is characterized by this, it will be possible to provide a building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using better rainwater as a water source.

In this way, it has a domestic wastewater storage tank, a regenerated water tank for reverse osmosis membrane, and a reverse osmosis membrane device, and after purifying the domestic wastewater after use excluding toilet cleaning water in the domestic wastewater storage tank, the reverse osmosis membrane By filtering it with a device and circulating it so that it can be used as domestic water, the degree of purification of domestic wastewater is significantly improved, and it can be used not only as domestic water for all purposes such as kitchens and washrooms, but also for daily life. It is possible to supply water stably with a water tank, and it is easy to supply a large amount of domestic water to bathrooms and washing machines.

Further, a control device for controlling the water purification system having the reverse osmosis membrane device is provided, and the control device has a water detecting means for detecting at least one of a water amount and a water flow rate, and a control terminal. The control terminal comprises a calculation means for inputting and calculating a numerical value acquired from the water detecting means, a display means for displaying the calculation result, and an operation means that can be operated by a person, and the control terminal is automatically or said by the calculation means. The water purification system can be controlled by a person's operation using the operating means, and the display means is a monitor, and the amount of water stored in the rainwater tank and the domestic water tank and the treated water of the reverse osmosis membrane device are displayed on the monitor. If it is characterized by visualizing and displaying the flow rate and the amount of domestic water used, the user can grasp the operating status of the water purification system just by looking at the monitor and can easily operate it as needed. Can be done.

In addition , the reverse osmosis membrane device is composed of a prefilter and a reverse osmosis membrane main body, and a plurality of the prefilters are provided in parallel, and among the plurality of prefilters provided by switching the switching valve upstream of the prefilter. At least one is always used, and when the clogging detecting means detects that the prefilter is clogged, the display means displays that the prefilter is clogged and the operation. If the switching valve can be switched by a human operation using the means, the clogging of the prefilter can be notified by the display means of the control terminal that the user touches on a daily basis. Therefore, information can be aggregated, and the switching valve can be operated and the prefilter can be easily replaced.

Further, if those characterized by a Turkey to supply the reverse osmosis membrane concentration water discharged from the device as a toilet cleaning water, it is possible to also significantly reduce the amount of water discarded to the sewer, Effective utilization of water resources can be realized.

Further, if a part of the purified water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device can be used as the toilet cleaning water, abundant water can be used as the toilet cleaning water by using the purified water and the concentrated water. Can be used.

Further , the toilet cleaning water uses water stored in a toilet cleaning water tank that is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device and can store concentrated water or purified water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device. Further, if the toilet cleaning water tank has a function of maintaining a predetermined amount of water and can drain water that overflows the predetermined amount of water to the sewer, it is always used as toilet cleaning water. Since a certain amount of water is stored in the toilet cleaning tank, users can use the toilet with peace of mind, and the water purification system uses a relatively simple mechanism to discharge the water overflowing from the toilet cleaning tank to the sewer. Can be kept running.

Further , if it is characterized in that a part of the concentrated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device is returned to the domestic wastewater storage tank or the rainwater tank and circulated, the water discarded into the sewer is further discharged. It is possible to reduce it.

Further , the reverse osmosis membrane device is composed of a pre-filter and a reverse osmosis membrane main body, and a plurality of the pre-filters are provided in parallel, and a plurality of pre-filters provided by switching a switching valve provided upstream of the pre-filter. If at least one of them is to be used all the time, even if the prefilter is clogged, it can be continuously used by simply operating the switching valve and can be easily replaced. It is especially effective in an emergency.

In addition, the pre-filter is provided with a clogging detecting means having a notifying means, and when the clogging detecting means detects that the pre-filter is clogged, the notifying means is manually activated. If it is characterized by prompting the operation of the switching valve and the replacement of the clogged pre-filter, the clogging of the pre-filter is automatically detected without the need for periodic confirmation, and further. It can be easily replaced.

Alternatively, the pre-filter is provided with a clogging detecting means having a notification means, and when the clogging detecting means detects that the pre-filter is clogged, a plurality of the switching valves are automatically switched. If at least one of the provided pre-filters is to be used at all times, the operation of the switching valve can be completed automatically without the need for periodic confirmation. , The user can continue to use it without any trouble.

According to the present invention, the rainwater stored in the rainwater tank is purified by the rainwater purification device, and the rainwater is supplied as domestic water through the domestic water tank so that it can be used. It will be possible to provide the buildings that have been made possible.

In addition , if the building is equipped with a power generation / storage system, it will be possible to be self-sufficient in electricity, and in an emergency when water and electricity cannot be secured, it will be possible to realize disaster countermeasures that can be self-sufficient in both, and also to save resources at all times. And energy saving can be realized.

Furthermore , if a control device is provided to control these systems, it can be controlled not only when the water purification system or the power generation / storage system needs to be adjusted due to the daily environment such as weather and temperature, but also the display is a monitor. If it can be visually recognized by the user by means, it can be easily controlled from the room, so that it can be made more convenient.

In addition, when a domestic wastewater storage tank, a regenerated water tank for reverse osmosis membrane, and a reverse osmosis membrane device are provided, separate purification means are provided for each of rainwater and domestic wastewater, and rainwater stored in the rainwater tank can be collected. Purified by a rainwater purification device, supplied as domestic water through a domestic water tank, purified domestic wastewater after use in a domestic wastewater storage tank (combined septic tank), filtered by a reverse osmosis membrane device, and used as domestic water. By making it circulate so that it can be circulated, the degree of purification of domestic wastewater can be significantly improved, and it can be used not only as domestic water for all purposes such as kitchens and washrooms, but also to be stably supplied by the domestic water tank. In addition to being able to easily supply a large amount of domestic water to bathrooms and washing machines, it is also possible to significantly reduce the amount of water that is dumped into the sewer, creating a building that can realize effective use of water resources. Can be provided.

Furthermore , if the reverse osmosis membrane device is equipped with multiple pre-filters and their use can be switched by a switching valve, it will be possible to continue using the water purification system without stopping the operation, and the pre-filters. It has the advantage of being easy to replace.

The block diagram which shows the building which is a preferable embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the water purification system in this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the rainwater purification apparatus in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows different reverse osmosis membrane apparatus in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the control device in the water purification system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows different control device in the water purification system shown in FIG. An explanatory diagram showing a screen of a display means in the control device shown in FIG. 7. The block diagram which shows the power generation / electricity storage system in this invention. An explanatory diagram showing a control device in the power generation / storage system shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the screen of the display means in the control device shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In this specification, the domestic water facility F refers to the facility in the building B that uses domestic water excluding the toilet T, and refers to, for example, a kitchen, a washroom, a bathroom, a washing machine, and the like. .. Further, the equipment E such as home appliances refers to equipment in the building B that uses electric power, and refers to, for example, a television, an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a lighting device, a network device, an outlet, and the like.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a building B that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This building B is, for example, a single-family house in which a family of four lives. It is particularly suitable for use as a vehicle.

Building B is equipped with a water purification system and a power generation / storage system, and a detailed description will be described later.

The roof 10 of the building B has a structure in which an area of more than half is inclined in one direction, and in the present embodiment, a structure in which an area of at least 70% or more is inclined in one direction, and the rainwater tank 110 A rain gutter 20 for guiding rainwater 1 is provided in the building. The rainwater 1 that falls in the rain is guided along the slope of the roof 10, is collected by the gutter 20, and is stored in the rainwater tank 110.

Further, since the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 is installed on the roof 10, it is particularly preferable that the direction of inclination is, for example, southward, in a direction capable of efficiently receiving sunlight.

The structure of the rain gutter 20 does not only refer to a pipe-shaped rain gutter having a groove having a substantially semicircular cross section, but may have a cross-section pipe type or any other shape, and has a structure capable of guiding rainwater flowing through the roof. If there is, the shape does not matter. Further, it is preferable that the rain gutter 20 is provided with a trap for collecting foreign substances such as fallen leaves and insects on the conduit (not shown).

The ground 30 in the site of the building B has a structure inclined so as to be lowered toward the catchment groove 40 formed substantially in the center thereof, and the catchment groove 40 has a passage 41 communicating with the rainwater tank 110. It is formed.

By providing the rain gutter 20 provided on the inclined roof 10 and the catchment ditch 40 provided on the inclined ground 30, the rainwater falling on the site of the building B can be collected very efficiently. , Can be stored in the rainwater tank 110.

It is desirable to bury the rainwater tank 110 underground, but when it is installed on the ground, for example, it can be carried out without any problem by using a pump or the like.

The dotted line shown in FIG. 1 indicates a power supply path, but the power supply path is not limited to this.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the water purification system 100 in the present invention. The water purification system 100 of the present invention includes a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, a domestic water tank 130, and a domestic wastewater storage tank (combined septic tank) 140. It has a reverse osmosis membrane regeneration water tank 150, a reverse osmosis membrane device 160, a toilet cleaning water tank 180, and a water purification system control device 200.

As a flow of water purification treatment, after the rainwater 1 is stored in the rainwater tank 110, the purified water 2 purified by the rainwater purification device 120 is stored in the domestic water tank 130, and the domestic water 3 stored in the domestic water tank 130 is washed in the toilet. It was supplied to the domestic water facility F excluding the water, the domestic wastewater 4 after being used in the domestic water facility F was poured into the domestic wastewater storage tank 140, and the biologically purified regenerated water 5 was stored in the reverse osmosis membrane regenerated water tank 150. After that, the purified water 6 filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 is returned to the rainwater tank 110 and circulated, and the concentrated water 7 discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 is washed in the toilet through the toilet cleaning water tank 180. It is supplied as irrigation water, and the toilet cleaning water after use is drained to the sewer S.

Since the filtration treatment using the reverse osmosis membrane can obtain purified water (pure water) having extremely high purity, it is assumed that the purified water 6 is circulated to the domestic water tank 130 as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. May be good.

Further, when the goal is to further improve the utilization efficiency (recovery efficiency) of water resources, the concentrated water 7 is circulated to the rainwater tank 110 or the domestic wastewater storage tank 140 as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. By doing so, the amount of water discarded into the sewer S can be further reduced.

The rainwater tank 110 is a tank capable of storing water and has an appropriate capacity depending on the scale of the building to be implemented, but it is preferably as large as possible, for example, in a single-family house. It is desirable to have a capacity of about 10,000 L to 18,000 L. Further, it is particularly desirable to have a pump for pumping and a pump for sending because the inflow and outflow of the stored water can be performed more smoothly (not shown).

The rainwater purification device 120 includes a pump 121, a first filter 122, a second filter 123, a chlorine addition device (chlorine addition means) 124, and a flow rate sensor 125 (see FIG. 3).

When the pump 121 is energized and driven, rainwater 1 is sucked up from the rainwater tank 110, purified by the first filter 122 and the second filter 123, and finally a certain amount of chemical solution (containing chlorine) is added by the chlorine addition device 124. Is disinfected and sent out as purified water 2.

Conventionally known filters such as a porous body, a carbon filter, and a hollow fiber filter can be used as the first filter 122 and the second filter 123. In the present embodiment, the first filter 122 is a carbon filter, and the first filter 122 is a carbon filter. The 2 filter 123 uses a hollow fiber filter having a finer mesh than the 1st filter 122.

The chlorine addition device 124 receives a pulse of a signal transmitted from the flow sensor 125, discharges a predetermined amount of a chemical solution (containing chlorine) when detecting a predetermined number of pulses, and purifies water containing a predetermined ratio of chlorine. It is for setting 2. The method of driving the chlorine addition device is not limited to this, and for example, a predetermined amount of chemical solution may be continuously discharged.

The chlorine addition device 124 may be installed independently of the rainwater purification device 120, for example, behind the domestic water tank 130.

The domestic water tank 130 is a tank capable of storing water and has an appropriate capacity depending on the scale of the building to be implemented. For example, a single-family house has a capacity of about 300 to 1000 L. Is desirable.

The domestic wastewater storage tank 140 is a combined septic tank having a means for purifying organisms by microorganisms, and particularly decomposes and purifies organic stains such as oil and protein contained in domestic wastewater.

The reverse osmosis membrane device 160 includes a pump 161, a pre-filter 162, a clogging detecting means 163, a notification means 164, a reverse osmosis membrane main body 165, a TDS tester 166, a pressure gauge 167, and a pressure adjusting valve 168. (See FIG. 4).

When the pump 161 is energized and driven, the reclaimed water 5 is sucked up from the reverse osmosis membrane reclaimed water tank 150, filtered by the prefilter 162 and the reverse osmosis membrane main body 165, and the purified water 6 from the water purification outlet 165a and the concentrated water outlet. It is separately discharged from the concentrated water 7 from 165b.

At this time, the pressure adjusting valve 168 provided on the concentrated water outlet 165b side can be operated to adjust the ratio of purified water and concentrated water obtained by filtration treatment. That is, when the pressure adjusting valve 168 is operated in the closing direction to increase the pressure applied to the reverse osmosis membrane body 165, the ratio of the purified water 6 discharged from the water purification outlet 165a can be increased, the discharge amount can be increased, and the pressure can be increased. The opposite is true when the regulating valve 168 is operated in the opening direction.

The clogging detecting means 163 notifies the clogging detecting signal to the notification means 164 when, for example, a flow rate sensor can be used and the flow rate sensor detects that the flow rate is equal to or lower than a predetermined flow rate. However, a conventionally known detection means such as a water quality sensor may be used. Further, the number of the clogging detecting means 163 is not limited to one, and for example, the number equal to the number of pre-filters may be installed (not shown).

A lamp, a buzzer, or the like can be used as the notification means 164, and the user can visually or audibly recognize that the notification means 164 is operating at the time of operation, and the lamp lights up in the present embodiment. Is. The user can replace the pre-filter 162 by being prompted by the operation of the notification means 164.

The TDS tester 166 measures the TDS (total dissolved solids) values of the reclaimed water 5 supplied and the purified water 6 after the water purification treatment, and is used as an index of whether or not the purified water 6 has reached the desired degree of purified water. is there. When the purified water 6 does not reach the desired degree of purification, the degree of purification can be increased by reducing the discharge amount of the purified water 6 and lowering the water purification ratio by operating the pressure adjusting valve 168 as described above.

A plurality of pre-filters 162 can be provided, and conventionally known filters such as a carbon filter, a cediment filter, and a hollow fiber filter can be used. In the present embodiment, the first pre-filter to the third pre-filter can be used. The first pre-filter 162a uses a disk filter, the second pre-filter 162b uses a cediment filter, and the third pre-filter 162c uses a carbon filter.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing different reverse osmosis membrane devices 170, in which the reverse osmosis membrane device 170 includes a pump 171, a pre-filter 172, a clogging detecting means 173, a notification means 174, a water purification outlet 175a, and a concentrated water outlet. It is the same as the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 in that it has a reverse osmosis membrane body 175 provided with 175b, a TDS tester 176, a pressure gauge 177, and a pressure regulating valve 178, but a plurality of prefilters are arranged in parallel. It differs from the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 in that it is provided.

Specifically, the reverse osmosis membrane device 170 is provided with a switching valve 179 behind the pump 171 and has a first pre-filter 172a and a second pre-filter 172a and a second pre-filter in each of the flow paths 179a and 179b switched by the switching valve 179, respectively. The filter 172b is arranged.

In this way, the flow path is switched by operating the switching valve 179 so that one of the first prefilter 172a and the second prefilter 172b is always used, so that one of the prefilters is clogged or malfunctions. At that time, since the other pre-filter can be used only by operating the switching valve 179, the water purification system 100 can always be operated, and it is very easy to replace the pre-filter that is clogged or has failed.

The clogging detecting means 173 is provided in each of the first pre-filter 172a and the second pre-filter 172b, and can detect which pre-filter has clogged or failed.

It is preferable to use the same type of pre-filter for the first pre-filter and the second pre-filter, but different types of pre-filter may be used. For example, if one of the pre-filters is used as a spare pre-filter and is used only while the pre-filter that is always used is replaced, the overall cost is reduced by making the pre-filter that is used only temporarily inexpensive. You can also do it.

The toilet cleaning water tank 180 is a tank that can store water and has an appropriate capacity depending on the scale of the building to be implemented. For example, in a detached house, a capacity of about 50 L to 300 L is used. It is desirable to have. When the concentrated water 7 to be stored reaches a certain capacity, the amount of overflowing water is drained to the sewer S.

Further, the water stored in the toilet cleaning water tank 180 is not limited to the concentrated water 7, and the purified water 6 may be stored and used as toilet cleaning water (not shown).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a water purification system control device 200, and the water purification system control device 200 is for a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, a domestic water tank 130, a domestic wastewater storage tank 140, and a reverse osmosis membrane constituting the water purification system 100. By controlling all or part of the regenerated water tank 150, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the toilet cleaning water tank 180, the entire water purification system 100 is controlled, and at least one of the water amount and the water flow rate. It has a water detecting means 201 for detecting the above and a control terminal 202. The control terminal 202 includes a calculation means 203, a display means 204, and a human-operable operation means 205.

The control terminal 202 inputs a numerical value acquired from the water detecting means 201 into the calculating means 203, performs a calculation, and the calculation result is displayed on the display means 204, and the calculation means 203 automatically performs the water purification system 100. In addition to being able to control the water purification system 100, the water purification system 100 can also be controlled by human operation using the operating means 205.

For example, when it is determined that the amount of water stored in the rainwater tank 110 is small based on the numerical value obtained from the water detection means 201 capable of detecting the water level provided in the rainwater tank 110 in a time when there is little rain, the water purification system is set to the water saving mode. It is possible to control such as saving the amount of domestic water used.

In addition, when it is judged that the amount of domestic water used from the domestic water tank 130 is large based on the numerical value obtained from the water detecting means 201 capable of detecting the flow rate provided in the domestic water tank 130 when using the bathroom or the washing machine, It is also possible to control the water purification system as an emergency mode, such as increasing the processing amount of the rainwater purification device 120.

As the water detecting means 201, conventionally known sensors such as a water level sensor and a flow rate sensor can be used, and may be used in combination with the flow rate sensor 125, the clogging detecting means 163 and other pre-installed sensors.

The water purification system control device 200 takes the form of a control panel, and instruments are used as the display means 204, and switches such as a toggle switch or a dial switch are used as the operation means 205.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing different water purification system control devices 300, in which the water purification system control device 300 includes a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, a domestic water tank 130, a domestic wastewater storage tank 140, and a reverse osmosis membrane that constitute the water purification system 100. The entire water purification system 100 is controlled by controlling all or part of the reclaimed water tank 150, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the water tank 180 for cleaning the toilet, and at least the amount of water and the flow rate of water are controlled. It has a water detecting means 301 for detecting one of them and a control terminal 302. The control terminal 302 is the same as the water purification system control device 200 in that it includes a calculation means 303, a display means 304, and a human-operable operation means 305, but the display means 304 is, for example, a television or the like. It differs from the water purification system control device 200 in that it is a monitor.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the display means 304 which is a monitor. As shown in this figure, the display means 304 includes a rainwater tank 110, a rainwater purification device 120, and a living body which constitute a water purification system 100. One or both of the water amount and the water flow rate of the water tank 130, the domestic wastewater storage tank 140, the regenerated water tank 150 for the reverse osmosis membrane, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the water tank 180 for cleaning the toilet are displayed.

For example, a touch panel or remote controller of a monitor, a mouse / keyboard, a voice recognition device, or the like can be used as the operation means 305, and by pressing a button or the like displayed on the display means 304 or instructing by voice recognition. The water purification system 100 can be easily controlled.

According to the water purification system control device 300, since the display means 304 which is a monitor can be installed in the room of the building B, for example, it can be used regularly as a monitor and the control terminal 202 which is a control panel. Unlike, it is especially convenient because it does not occupy space or disturb the atmosphere.

The control terminal 302 can be used, for example, a personal computer, but any other terminal can be used, and a terminal installed outside the building B via a cloud network may be used. ..

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a power generation / storage system 400 according to the present invention. The power generation / storage system 400 of the present invention includes a photovoltaic power generation panel 410, a storage battery 420 including a stationary storage battery 421 and a storage battery 422 built into an electric vehicle. Has.

As a flow of power generation and storage, the power generated by the solar power generation panel 410 is supplied to the stationary storage battery 421 and the storage battery 422 built in the electric vehicle to store the power, and then the water purification system 100, the domestic water facility F, and the like. It is used as electric power used in the building B including the equipment E such as home appliances.

By utilizing both the stationary storage battery 421, which can always be used as the storage battery 420, and the storage battery 422 built into the electric vehicle, which is a relatively large-capacity storage battery, both continuous and instantaneous power demand can be met. A stable power supply is possible.

It is desirable that the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 has an output of about 5.5 kW to 9.9 kW in, for example, a single-family house.

The storage capacity of the stationary storage battery 421 is preferably about 10 kWh to 48 kWh in, for example, a single-family house.

It is desirable that the storage capacity of the storage battery 422 built into the electric vehicle has a capacity of about 24 kWh to 48 kWh in, for example, a single-family house.

Since the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 is a DC current, a method of supplying it to the building B via a stationary storage battery 421 and a storage battery 422 built in an electric vehicle, which are storage batteries 420 having an inverter function and a transformer function, is adopted. However, for example, when a facility having an inverter function and a transformer function is separately provided, a method may be used in which the electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 is directly drawn into the building B (not shown).

As shown by the dotted line in FIG. 9, the power from the grid power C may be supplied to the storage battery 420, or the power from the grid power C may be directly drawn into the building B for use. Good.

In addition, if a fuel cell that uses hydrogen to generate electricity is provided as a means of power generation, it is not only a preparation for when bad weather continues and sufficient solar power generation cannot be expected, but also a backup power source in the event of a disaster. It is particularly desirable because it can be used as a fuel cell (not shown).

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a power generation / storage system control device 500, and the water purification system control device 500 is a storage battery including a solar power generation panel 410 constituting the power generation / storage system 400, a stationary storage battery 421, and a storage battery 422 built into an electric vehicle. By controlling all or part of the 420, the entire power generation / storage system 400 is controlled, and the electric detection means 501 for detecting at least one of the remaining battery level and the current amount, and the control terminal 502 Has. The control terminal 502 includes a calculation means 503, a display means 504, and a human-operable operation means 505.

The control terminal 502 inputs a numerical value acquired from the electric detection means 501 into the calculation means 503 and performs calculation, and the calculation result is displayed on the display means 504, and the calculation means 503 automatically generates and stores electricity. In addition to being able to control the system 500, it is also possible to control the power generation / storage system 500 by human operation using the operating means 505.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the display means 504, which is a monitor. As shown in this figure, the display means 504 has a power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation panel 410 constituting the power generation / storage system 400. The remaining battery level of the storage battery 420 including the stationary storage battery 421 and the storage battery 422 built into the electric vehicle and the amount of electricity used in the building B are displayed.

For example, a touch panel or remote controller of a monitor, a mouse / keyboard, a voice recognition device, or the like can be used as the operation means 505, and by pressing a button or the like displayed on the display means 504 or giving an instruction by voice recognition. The power generation / storage system 400 can be easily controlled.

According to the power generation / storage system control device 500, the display means 504, which is a monitor, can be installed in, for example, the room of the building B. And, of course, it is easy to use a monitor shared with the display means 304 of the water purification system control device 300.

The control terminal 502 can be used, for example, a personal computer, but any other terminal can be used, and a terminal installed outside the building B via a cloud network may be used. ..

Regarding the water purification system 100 in the present invention, the rainwater tank 110, the rainwater purification device 120, the domestic water tank 130, the domestic wastewater storage tank 140, the regenerated water tank for reverse osmosis membrane 150, the reverse osmosis membrane device 160 (170), and the water tank for cleaning the toilet. Pumps not shown in FIG. 1 may be provided in each of the 180 front or rear paths.

According to the present invention having the above configuration, separate purification means are provided for each of rainwater and domestic wastewater, rainwater stored in the rainwater tank is purified by a rainwater purification device , and supplied as domestic water through the domestic water tank. However, after purifying the domestic wastewater after use in the domestic wastewater storage tank (combined septic tank), it is filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane device and circulated so that it can be used as domestic water. Not only can it be used as domestic water in kitchens and washrooms, but it is also easy to supply a large amount of domestic water to bathrooms and washing machines with a domestic water tank, and water that is dumped into the sewer. The amount can be significantly reduced, and it is possible to provide a building that can realize effective utilization of water resources.

In addition, if the reverse osmosis membrane device is equipped with multiple pre-filters and their use can be switched by a switching valve, it is possible to continue using the water purification system without stopping the operation, and the pre-filters. It has the advantage of being easy to replace.

Furthermore, if the building is equipped with a power generation / electricity storage system, it will be possible to be self-sufficient in electricity, and in an emergency when water and electricity cannot be secured, it will be possible to realize disaster countermeasures that can be self-sufficient in both, and at all times resource saving And energy saving can be realized.

Furthermore, if it is equipped with a control device that controls these systems, it is not only possible to control when it is necessary to adjust the water purification system or the power generation / storage system due to the daily environment such as weather and temperature, but it is also a monitor. If the display means can be visually recognized by the user, it can be easily controlled from the room, which makes it more convenient.

In order to carry out a demonstration experiment on the building according to the present invention, the inventors will build a model house of a detached house on a site of about 90 tsubo in Shizuoka prefecture, and reproduce the real life of a family of four to create a water purification system. We have verified this, and this is shown below.

1. 1. Equipment used The equipment used is the same equipment as the water purification system of the present invention, which has a rainwater tank, a rainwater purification device, a domestic water tank, a domestic wastewater storage tank, a regenerated water tank for reverse osmosis membranes, a reverse osmosis membrane device, and a water tank for cleaning toilets. Using.

2. 2. Initial calculation As an initial calculation, the average annual rainfall in Shizuoka Prefecture (mm / m ² ), the effective catchment area, and the catchment coefficient (set at 0.85) are multiplied to reach 330 L / day. It was assumed that rainwater could be obtained.

As for the consumption of domestic water, it is assumed that the total amount of domestic water facilities such as kitchen, washroom, bathroom, washing machine, and toilet is about 540 L / day. In addition, it was assumed that 150 L of water was consumed for cleaning the toilet.

Of the domestic wastewater discharged from the domestic water equipment after use, about 30 L is expected to be a loss due to evaporation, etc., and 510 L of reclaimed water obtained by biological purification in the domestic wastewater storage tank is filtered by a reverse osmosis membrane device. Process.

The purified water obtained by the filtration treatment with the reverse osmosis membrane device was set to about 40% of that before the treatment. Therefore, about 210 L of the obtained purified water is circulated to the rainwater tank and reused.

The remaining approximately 300 L of concentrated water obtained by filtering with a reverse osmosis membrane device is once stored in a toilet cleaning water tank, used as toilet cleaning water, and then drained into the sewer. It is assumed that the daily toilet drainage is about 150 L, and since the capacity of the toilet cleaning water tank is 100 L, about 150 L of concentrated water is drained to the sewer as it is as an overflow.

Therefore, in the initial calculation, 330 L of water obtained as rainwater per day and 210 L of water obtained as purified water are combined to balance with 540 L of domestic water consumption per day, so water from the outside such as water supply It was assumed that it would be possible to be completely self-sufficient in domestic water without relying on the supply of water.

3. 3. Experiment contents From February to November 2018, the kitchen, washroom, bathroom, washing machine, and toilet were used regularly at the specified time in the model house in order to reproduce the real life of a family of four.

4. Experimental results 1 About the amount of domestic water used Table 1 below shows the amount of domestic water used for kitchens, washrooms, bathrooms, washing machines, and toilets, excluding toilet cleaning water.

Table 2 below is a table showing the amount of domestic water used for cleaning the toilet.

As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, according to the actual values of the average from February to November, the total domestic water use was 651.1 L / day, and the toilet cleaning water was 100.6 L / day.

That is, the actual measurement value was 111.7 L, which was larger than the assumed daily water consumption of 540 L.

5. Experimental Results 2 About Rainwater Collection Table 3 below shows the amount of rainfall and the amount of rainwater collected (sample for 2 days).

As shown in Table 3 above, the amount of domestic water obtained from rainwater through the rainwater purification device was 187.8L, which was higher than 165.8L calculated from the rainfall data of the Japan Meteorological Agency on May 13, 2018.

6. Experimental result 3 Reuse from domestic wastewater Table 4 below shows the reuse rate from domestic wastewater.

As shown in Table 4 above, the reuse rate of purified water obtained from domestic wastewater through the domestic wastewater septic tank and reverse osmosis membrane device is initially in the 10% range, and immediately after the maintenance on July 4, it is 40% of the initial assumption. Has been achieved, but has decreased since then.

The reason for this is that in the demonstration experiment, the amount of organic dirt discharged from the kitchen and bathroom is small and it is different from the real life, so there is a possibility that the domestic wastewater septic tank (combined septic tank) is not functioning sufficiently, and the prefilter. It is considered necessary to improve the maintenance of the reverse osmosis membrane body.

In addition, in order to carry out a demonstration experiment of the building according to the present invention, the inventors also performed verification on the power generation / storage system by reproducing the real life of a family of four using the model house described above. , This is shown below.

1. 1. Equipment used The equipment used uses a photovoltaic power generation panel (output 9.9 kW) or a photovoltaic power generation panel (output 5.62 kW) as a power source, a stationary storage battery and a storage battery built into an electric vehicle as a storage battery, and fuel as an auxiliary power source. A battery (output 0.7 kW / h) was used.

2. 2. Initial calculation As an initial calculation, the amount of power generated from the photovoltaic power generation panel was 3.7kWh (in rainy weather), and the amount of power generated from the fuel cell was 10.0kWh / h.

The total amount of electricity used is 15.5kWh for lighting equipment such as home appliances, air conditioners, rice cookers, microwave ovens, coffee makers, TVs, vacuum cleaners, dryers, refrigerators, outdoor water tank pumps, water purification systems, and fuel cells. I assumed.

3. 3. Experiment contents In order to reproduce the real life of a family of four, from February to November 2018, in the model house, lighting equipment, air conditioners, rice cookers, microwave ovens, coffee makers, TVs, vacuum cleaners, etc. The dryer and refrigerator were used regularly at the specified time, and the water purification system and fuel cell were operated.

4. Experimental Results 1 Regarding the amount of electricity used Table 5 below is a table showing the amount of electricity used.

As shown in Table 5 above, the actual daily electricity consumption required for a family of four was 19.9 kWh.

That is, the measured value was 4.4 kWh more than the 15.5 kWh assumed as the amount of electricity used in one day.

5. Experimental result 2 About the amount of electricity generated Table 6 below is a table showing the amount of electricity generated.

As shown in Table 6 above, the actual value of the electric power obtained from the solar power generation panel is much higher than initially expected, and even with a small output solar power generation panel, about 80% of the daily electricity consumption is used. It was found that it can be covered and that by using a fuel cell as an auxiliary power source, it is possible to be self-sufficient in power that does not depend on system power.

As for the fuel cell, since it was completely self-sustaining in February-July, power generation was stopped when the amount of electricity stored reached 100% as a function of the storage battery or when the amount of instantaneous power generation was too large. By reviewing the settings, the power generation performance from August to November has improved.

B Building, F Domestic water equipment, T Toilet, 1 Rainwater, 2 Purified water, 3 Domestic water, 4 Domestic wastewater, 5 Regenerated water, 6 Purified water, 7 Concentrated water, 10 roofs, 20 Rain troughs, 30 Ground, 40 Water collection Groove, 100 water purification system, 110 rainwater tank, 120 rainwater purification device, 121 pump, 122 first filter, 123 second filter, 124 chlorine addition device (chlorination means), 125 flow sensor, 130 domestic water tank, 140 domestic wastewater storage Tank (combined septic tank), 150 reverse osmosis membrane regeneration water tank, 160 reverse osmosis membrane device, 161 pump, 162 prefilter, 162a first prefilter, 162b second prefilter, 162c third prefilter, 163 clogging detection means 164 Notifying means, 165 reverse osmosis membrane body, 165a water purification outlet, 165b concentrated water outlet, 166 TDS tester, 167 pressure gauge, 168 pressure regulating valve, 170 reverse osmosis membrane device, 171 pump, 172 prefilter, 172a first pre Filter, 172b second pre-filter, 173 clogging detecting means, 174 notification means, 175 reverse osmosis membrane body, 175a water purification outlet, 175b concentrated water outlet, 176 TDS tester, 177 pressure gauge, 178 pressure regulating valve, 179 switching valve, 179a flow path, 179b flow path, 180 water tank for cleaning toilets, 200 water purification system control device, 201 water detection means, 202 control terminal, 203 calculation means, 204 display means, 205 operation means, 300 water purification system control device, 301 water detection Means, 302 control terminal, 303 arithmetic means, 304 display means, 305 operation means, 400 power generation / storage system, 410 solar power generation panel, 420 storage battery, 421 stationary storage battery, 422 electric vehicle built-in storage battery, 500 power generation / storage system control Device, 501 water detection means, 502 control terminal, 503 calculation means, 504 display means, 505 operation means

Claims (17)

It has a rainwater tank, a rainwater purification device, a domestic water tank, a domestic wastewater storage tank, a regenerated water tank for a reverse osmosis membrane, and a reverse osmosis membrane device. After storing rainwater in the rainwater tank, the rainwater purification device The water purified by the above is stored in the domestic water tank, the water stored in the domestic water tank is supplied as domestic water to the domestic water equipment other than the toilet cleaning water, and the domestic wastewater after being used in the domestic water equipment is used as described above. After flowing into the domestic wastewater storage tank and storing the biologically purified regenerated water in the regenerated water tank for reverse osmosis membrane, the purified water filtered by the reverse osmosis membrane device is returned to the rainwater tank or the domestic water tank and circulated. A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source, which is characterized by being equipped with a water purification system. The building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 1, wherein all or part of the concentrated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device is supplied as toilet cleaning water. A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the purified water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device can be used as the toilet cleaning water. object. The toilet cleaning water uses water that is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device and is stored in a toilet cleaning water tank that can store concentrated water or purified water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device. The rainwater according to claim 1, 2, or 3 is used as a water source, wherein the toilet cleaning water tank has a function of maintaining a predetermined amount of water, and water that overflows the predetermined amount of water can be drained to the sewer. A building that enables self-sufficiency in domestic water. The rainwater according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein a part of the concentrated water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane device is returned to the domestic wastewater storage tank or the rainwater tank and circulated, as a water source. A building that enables self-sufficiency in domestic water. A claim characterized in that a chlorine addition means is provided on a route starting from the rainwater purification device and ending at the domestic water facility, and chlorine-sterilized domestic water is supplied to the domestic water facility by the chlorine addition means. A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as the water source according to item 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. The reverse osmosis membrane device is composed of a prefilter and a reverse osmosis membrane main body, and a plurality of the prefilters are provided in parallel, and at least one of the plurality of prefilters provided by switching a switching valve provided upstream of the prefilter. A building capable of self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that one is used all the time. The pre-filter is provided with a clogging detecting means having a notifying means, and when the clogging detecting means is detected to be clogged, the notifying means is operated to manually operate the switching valve. The building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 7, characterized in that the replacement of the clogged pre-filter is promoted. When the clogging detecting means detects that the pre-filter is clogged, it is characterized in that at least one of a plurality of pre-filters is always used by automatically switching the switching valve. A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 7 or 8. An area of more than half of the roof of the building is tilted in one direction, and the roof is provided with a gutter so that the ground on the site of the building is lowered toward the catchment ditch formed substantially in the center thereof. The 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, wherein the rainwater accumulated through the gutter and the catchment ditch is stored in the rainwater tank. A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source. A control device for controlling the water purification system is provided, and the control device has a water detecting means for detecting at least one of a water amount and a water flow rate, and a control terminal.
The control terminal is composed of a calculation means for inputting and calculating a numerical value acquired from the water detecting means, a display means for displaying the calculation result, and an operation means that can be operated by a person.
The water purification system can be controlled automatically by the calculation means or by a person's operation using the operation means. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using the rainwater described in 10 as a water source. The display means is a monitor, and the monitor visualizes the amount of water stored in the rainwater tank and the domestic water tank, the flow rate of treated water of the rainwater purification device and the reverse osmosis membrane device, and the amount of domestic water used. A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 11, which is characterized by displaying. The reverse osmosis membrane device is composed of a prefilter and a reverse osmosis membrane main body, and a plurality of the prefilters are provided in parallel, and at least one of the plurality of prefilters provided by switching the switching valve upstream of the prefilter. Is used all the time,
When the clogging detecting means detects that the pre-filter is clogged, the display means indicates that the pre-filter is clogged, and the switching valve is operated by a person using the operating means. The building which enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it can be switched. It is provided with a photovoltaic power generation panel, and at least one of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel or the power from the grid power is used in the domestic water facility including the water purification system directly or via a storage battery. Self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, characterized in that it is provided with a power generation / storage system. A building that is self-sufficient. The storage battery comprises a stationary storage battery and a storage battery built into an electric vehicle.
The self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 14, wherein one or both of the electric power stored in the stationary storage battery and the storage battery built in the electric vehicle can be selectively used. Building. It is provided with a control device for controlling the power generation / storage system, and has an electric detection means for detecting at least one of a battery remaining amount and a current amount, and a control terminal.
The control terminal is composed of a calculation means for inputting and calculating a numerical value acquired from the electric detection means, a display means for displaying the calculation result, and an operation means that can be operated by a person.
The self-sufficiency of domestic water using rainwater as a water source according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the power generation / storage system can be controlled automatically by the calculation means or by a person's operation using the operation means. The building that made it possible. 16. The display means is a monitor, and the monitor visualizes and displays the remaining battery level of the storage battery, the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel, and the amount of electricity used. A building that enables self-sufficiency of domestic water using the rainwater described as a water source.

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