JP2018519327A - 治療用組成物、組合せ物および使用の方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2015年6月29日に出願された米国仮特許出願U.S.S.N.62/186,197号の、米国特許法第119条(e)のもとの優先権を主張し、その内容全体が本明細書に参照によって組み込まれる。
本明細書に記載されている方法は、がんの免疫療法と組み合わせたFAK阻害剤による、本明細書に記載されている疾患または障害(例えば、異常な細胞成長、例えば、がん(例えば、本明細書に記載されているがん))に罹患しているヒト被験体を処置することに関する。「組み合わせて」投与されたとは、本明細書で使用する場合、2種(またはそれ超)の異なる処置が、障害による被験体の苦痛の過程の間、該被験体に送達されることであり、例えば、被験体が障害にあると診断された後、およびその障害が治癒するかもしくは除かれるか、または処置が他の理由のために中止される前に、2種またはそれ超の処置が送達されることを意味する。一部の実施形態では、1種の処置の送達は、第2の送達が開始される際に依然として行われており、その結果、投与に関して重なりが存在する。これは、本明細書では、時として、「同時」または「並行送達」と呼ばれる。他の実施形態では、1種の処置の送達は、他の処置の送達が始まる前に終了する。どちらか一方の場合の一部の実施形態では、上記の処置は、組み合わせ投与のために一層効果的である。例えば、第2の処置がより有効である。例えば、第1の処置の非存在下で第2の処置が投与された場合に観察されると思われるものよりも、より少ない第2の処置を用いて等価な効果が観察されるか、もしくは第2の処置によってかなりの程度まで症状が軽減するか、または第1の処置を用いた場合に、同様の状況が観察される。一部の実施形態では、送達は、症状、または障害に関連する他のパラメータの低下が他のものの非存在下で送達される1種の処置を用いた場合に観察されると思われるものよりも大きい。2種の処置の効果は、部分的に相加性であり、完全に相加性であり、または相加性を超えるものとなり得る。その送達は、送達される第1の処置の効果が、第2のものが送達された際に、依然として検出可能であるものとすることができる。
本明細書に記載されている方法は、被験体(例えば、ヒト被験体)における、異常な細胞成長の処置または予防を対象としている。本明細書で使用する場合、および別に示さない限り、異常な細胞成長は、正常な調節機構(例えば、接触阻害の喪失)に依存しない細胞成長を指す。これには、(1)例えば、変異したチロシンキナーゼを発現することにより、または受容体チロシンキナーゼの過剰発現により増殖する腫瘍細胞(腫瘍)、(2)例えば、異常なチロシンキナーゼ活性化が起こる、他の増殖性疾患の良性および悪性細胞、(3)例えば、受容体チロシンキナーゼにより増殖する任意の腫瘍、(4)例えば、異常なセリン/トレオニンキナーゼ活性化により増殖する任意の腫瘍、および(5)例えば、異常なセリン/トレオニンキナーゼ活性化が起こる、他の増殖性疾患の良性および悪性細胞からなる成長異常が含まれる。異常な細胞成長は、上皮(例えば、癌、腺癌)、間葉(例えば、肉腫(例えば、平滑筋肉腫、ユーイング肉腫))、血液系(例えば、リンパ腫、白血病、脊髄形成異常(例えば、前悪性))、または他(例えば、黒色腫、中皮腫、および起源が未知の他の腫瘍)の細胞における細胞成長を指すことができる。
異常な細胞成長とは、新生物障害を指すことができる。「新生物障害」は、自律的成長または複製、例えば、増殖性細胞成長を特徴とする異常な状況または状態の能力を有する細胞を特徴とする疾患または障害である。異常な細胞成長もしくは分裂、または「新生物」の結果としての組織の異常な塊が、良性、前悪性(上皮内癌)または悪性(がん)とすることができる。
本発明の独創的な方法は、例えば固形腫瘍、軟部組織腫瘍およびそれらの転移を含めた、がんの予防および処置において有用となり得る。開示されている方法はまた、非固形がんの処置にも有用である。例示的な固形腫瘍には、以下に限定されないが、肺、胸部、リンパ、胃腸(例えば、結腸)、および尿生殖器(例えば、腎臓、尿路上皮または精巣の腫瘍)路、咽頭、前立腺および卵巣のものなどの、様々な臓器系の悪性疾患(例えば、肉腫、腺癌および癌)が含まれる。例示的な腺癌には、以下に限定されないが、結腸直腸がん、腎細胞癌、肝臓がん(例えば、肝細胞癌)、肺の非小細胞癌、膵臓(例えば、転移性膵臓腺癌)および小腸のがんが含まれる。
本明細書に記載されている方法は、異常な細胞成長を有する被験体にFAK阻害剤および免疫療法を投与するステップを含む。FAKを阻害する例示的な化合物は、以下に限定されないが、以下を含む。
FAKタンパク質チロシンキナーゼの強力な阻害剤は、哺乳動物、特にヒトにおいて、抗増殖剤(例えば抗がん)、抗腫瘍(例えば、固形腫瘍に対して有効)、抗血管新生(例えば、血管の増殖を停止または予防する)としての治療的使用に適応され得る。本明細書に記載されている化合物、例えばFAK阻害剤は、本明細書に記載されている疾患または障害(例えば、異常な細胞成長、例えば、がん(例えば、本明細書に記載されているがん))の予防および処置に有用となり得る。本明細書に記載されている化合物は、例えばFAK阻害剤は、非血液系悪性疾患、肝臓、腎臓、膀胱、胸部、胃、卵巣、結腸直腸、前立腺、膵臓、肺、外陰部、甲状腺の悪性腫瘍および良性腫瘍、肝癌、肉腫、神経膠芽腫、頭部および頸部などの様々なヒト過剰増殖性障害、ならびに皮膚の良性過形成(例えば、乾癬)および前立腺の良性過形成(例えば、BPH)などの他の過形成状態の予防および処置、ならびに中皮腫などの障害の予防および処置において有用となり得る。一部の実施形態では、本明細書に記載されている化合物、例えばFAK阻害剤は、タンパク質チロシンキナーゼ2(PYK2)を阻害する。
例示的なFAK阻害剤には、以下に限定されないが、VS−4718、VS−5095および関連化合物または薬学的に許容されるそれらの塩が含まれる。化合物VS−4718、VS−5095および関連化合物は、そのそれぞれの内容の全体が本明細書に組み込まれている、PCT/US2010/045359およびUS20110046121に記載されている。式(I−a)の化合物は、VS−4718とも呼ばれる。式(I−b)の化合物は、VS−5095とも呼ばれる。一部の実施形態では、FAK阻害剤は、式(I−a)または(I−b)の化合物:
例示的なFAK阻害剤には、以下に限定されないが、GSK2256098および関連化合物、または薬学的に許容されるそれらの塩も含まれる。GSK2256098および関連化合物は、その内容の全体が本明細書に組み込まれている、US20100113475、US20100317663、US20110269774、US20110207743、US20140155410およびUS20140107131に記載されている。一部の実施形態では、FAK阻害剤は、式(I−c1)、(I−c2)、(I−c3)、(I−c4)または(I−c5)の化合物:
例示的なFAK阻害剤にはまた、以下に限定されないが、VS−6063、VS−6062および関連化合物、または薬学的に許容されるそれらの塩(例えば、VS−6063塩酸塩、VS−6062塩酸塩)も含まれる。VS−6063、VS−6062および関連化合物はまた、例えば、そのそれぞれの内容が参照により本明細書に組み込まれている、米国特許第7,928,109号、欧州特許第1578732号、PCT/IB2004/202744、PCT/IB2003/005883、PCT/IB2005/001201およびPCT/IB2006/003349に開示されている。VS−6063は、式(I−d)の化合物、デファクチニブおよびPF−04554878としても公知である。VS−6062は、式(I−d)の化合物およびPF−00562271としても公知である。一部の実施形態では、FAK阻害剤は、式(I−d)または(I−e)の化合物:
例示的なFAK阻害剤はまた、以下に限定されないが、式(I−f)、式(I−g)の化合物および関連化合物、または薬学的に許容されるそれらの塩も含む。式(I−f)の化合物および関連化合物は、その内容の全体が本明細書に組み込まれている、米国特許第8,569,298号に記載されている。一部の実施形態では、FAK阻害剤は、2−[[2[(1,3−ジメチルピラゾール−4−イル)アミノ]−5−(トリフルオロメチル)−4−ピリジル]アミノ]−5−フルオロ−N−メトキシ−ベンズアミドまたは式(I−f)の化合物:
本明細書に記載されている方法は、異常な細胞成長を有する被験体にFAK阻害剤および免疫療法を投与するステップを含む。例示的な免疫療法は、以下に限定されないが、以下を含む:
本明細書に記載されている方法は、一部の実施形態では、本明細書に記載されている疾患または障害に罹患しているヒト被験体を処置するステップを含み、この方法は、がんの免疫療法(例えば、免疫療法剤)を含む組成物を投与するステップを含む。一部の実施形態では、免疫療法剤は、免疫チェックポイント遮断経路を阻害する化合物(例えば、阻害剤または抗体)である。免疫チェックポイントタンパク質は、通常の生理的条件下で、免疫系が、例えば病原性感染症に応答している場合、自己寛容(例えば、自己免疫性を予防する)を維持して、損傷から組織を保護する。免疫チェックポイントタンパク質は、重要な免疫耐性機構として、腫瘍によって調節異常となり得る。(Pardoll、Nature Rev. Cancer、2012年、12巻、252〜264頁)。共刺激受容体のアゴニストまたは阻害性シグナルのアンタゴニスト(例えば、免疫チェックポイントタンパク質)は、抗原特異的なT細胞応答の増幅をもたらす。免疫チェックポイントを遮断する抗体は、腫瘍細胞を直接標的としないが、典型的には、リンパ球受容体またはそのリガンドを標的として、内因性の抗腫瘍活性を増強する。
本明細書に記載されている方法は、一部の実施形態では、本明細書に記載されている疾患または障害に罹患しているヒト被験体を処置するステップを含み、この方法は、がんの免疫療法(例えば、免疫療法剤)を含む組成物を投与するステップを含む。一部の実施形態では、免疫療法剤は、共刺激阻害剤または抗体である。一部の実施形態では、本明細書に記載されている方法は、抗4−1BB、抗OX40、抗GITR、抗CD27および抗CD40、ならびにそれらの変異体を枯渇させるステップまたはこれらを活性化するステップを含む。
本発明の方法は、追加の薬剤(例えば、治療剤)と組み合わせて投与することができる。この追加の薬剤は、以下に限定されないが、抗腫瘍剤または抗がん剤、例えば有糸分裂阻害剤、アルキル化剤、抗代謝薬、インターカレート抗生物質、成長因子阻害剤、細胞周期阻害剤、酵素、トポイソメラーゼ阻害剤、生物学的応答調節物質、抗体、細胞毒性薬、抗ホルモン薬および抗アンドロゲン薬からなる群から選択される抗腫瘍剤を含むことができる。
一部の実施形態では、本発明の方法は、化学療法と一緒に投与される。化学療法は、がん細胞を破壊することができる薬物によるがんの処置である。「化学療法」は、通常、一般には標的化治療法とは対照的に、迅速に分裂する細胞に影響を及ぼす細胞毒性薬を指す。化学療法薬は、様々な可能性のある方法で、細胞分裂、例えば、DNAの複製または新しく形成される染色体の分離を妨害する。化学療法の大部分の形態は、迅速に分裂する細胞を標的とし、がん細胞に特異的ではないが、ある程度の特異性は、正常な細胞は一般にDNAの損傷を修復可能である一方、多くのがん細胞がDNAの損傷を修復する能力がないことに由来し得る。
・アルキル化剤には、以下に限定されないが、ナイトロジェンマスタードN−オキシド、シクロホスファミド、イホスファミド、メルファラン、ブスルファン、ミトブロニトール、カルボクオン、チオテパ、ラニムスチン、ニムスチン、テモゾロミド、AMD−473、アルトレタミン、AP−5280、アパジクオン、ブロスタリシン、ベンダムスチン、カルムスチン、エストラムスチン、フォテムスチン、グルホスファミド、イホスファミド、KW−2170、マホスファミドおよびミトラクトールが含まれる;白金配位性アルキル化化合物は、以下に限定されないが、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、エプタプラチン、ロバプラチン、ネダプラチン、オキサリプラチンまたはサトルプラチンが含まれる。
・抗代謝薬には、以下に限定されないが、メトトレキセート、6−メルカプトプリンリボシド、メルカプトプリン、5−フルオロウラシル(5−FU)を単独で、またはロイコボリン、テガフル、UFT、ドキシフルリジン、カルモフール、シタラビン、シタラビンオクホスフェート、エノシタビン、S−1、ゲムシタビン、フルダラビン、5−アザシチジン、カペシタビン、クラドリビン、クロファラビン、デシタビン、エフロルニチン、エチニルシチジン、シトシンアラビノシド、ヒドロキシ尿素、TS−1、メルファラン、ネララビン、ノラトレキセド、オクホスフェート、プレメトレキセド二ナトリウム、ペントスタチン、ペリトレキソール、ラルチトレキセド、トリアピン、トリメトレキサート、ビダラビン、ビンクリスチン、ビノレルビンと組み合わせて含まれる;または、例えば、N−(5−[N−(3,4−ジヒドロ−2−メチル−4−オキソキナゾリン−6−イルメチル)−N−メチルアミノ]−2−テノイル)−L−グルタミン酸などの、欧州特許出願第239362号に開示されている好ましい代謝拮抗剤の1つ;
・抗生物質には、以下に限定されないが、アクラルビシン、アクチノマイシンD、アムルビシン、アナマイシン、ブレオマイシン、ダウノルビシン、ドキソルビシン、エルサミトルシン、エピルビシン、ガラルビシン、イダルビシン、マイトマイシンC、ネモルビシン、ネオカルジノスタチン、ペプロマイシン、ピラルビシン、レベカマイシン、スティマラマー、ストレプトゾシン、バルルビシンまたはジノスタチンが含まれる。
・ホルモン療法剤、例えば、エキセメスタン(Aromasin)、Lupron、アナストロゾール(Arimidex)、ドキセルカルシフェロール、ファドロゾール、フォルメスタン、タモキシフェンクエン酸塩(Nolvadex)およびフルベストラントなどの抗エストロゲン薬、Trelstar、トレミフェン、ラロキシフェン、ラソフォキシフェン、レトロゾール(Femara)、またはビカルタミド、フルタミド、ミフェプリストン、ニルタミド、Casodex(登録商標)(4’−シアノ−3−(4−フルオロフェニルスルホニル)−2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチル−3’−(トリフルオロメチル)プロピオンアニリド)などの抗アンドロゲン薬、およびそれらの組み合わせ物。
・植物由来の抗腫瘍物質には、例えば、有糸分裂阻害剤、例えばビンブラスチン、ドセタキセル(Taxotere)およびパクリタキセルから選択されるものが含まれる。
・細胞毒性トポイソメラーゼ阻害剤には、アクラルビシン、アモナフィド、ベロテカン、カンプトテシン、10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン、9−アミノカンプトテシン、ジフロモテカン、イリノテカンHCl(Camptosar)、エドテカリン、エピルビシン(Ellence)、エトポシド、エキサテカン、ギマテカン、ルルトテカン、ミトキサントロン、ピラルビシン、ピクサントロン、ルビテカン、ソブゾキサン、SN−38、タフルポシドおよびトポテカン、ならびにそれらの組み合わせ物からなる群から選択される、1つまたは複数の薬剤が含まれる。
・免疫薬には、以下に限定されないが、インターフェロンおよび多数の他の免疫増強剤が含まれる。インターフェロンには、以下に限定されないが、インターフェロンアルファ、インターフェロンアルファ−2a、インターフェロンアルファ−2b、インターフェロンベータ、インターフェロンガンマ−1aまたはインターフェロンガンマ−n1が含まれる。他の薬剤には、以下に限定されないが、フィルグラスチム、レンチナン、シゾフィラン、TheraCys、ウベニメクス、WF−10、アルデスロイキン、アレムツズマブ、BAM−002、ダカルバジン、ダクリズマブ、デニロイキン、ゲムツズマブオゾガマイシン、イブリツモマブ、イミクイモド、レノグラスチム、レンチナン、黒色腫ワクチン(Corixa)、モルグラモスティン、OncoVAX−CL、サルグラモスチム、タソネルミン、テクロイキン、チマラシン、トシツモマブ、Virulizin、Z−100、エプラツズマブ、ミツモマブ、オレゴボマブ、ペムツモマブおよびProvengeが含まれる。
・生物学的応答調節物質は、生存、成長、または組織細胞の分化などの生存生物または生物応答の防御機構を修飾して、上記の調節物質を抗腫瘍活性に向かわせる薬剤である。このような薬剤には、以下に限定されないが、krestin、レンチナン、シゾフィラン、ピシバニルまたはウベニメクスが含まれる。
・他の抗がん剤には、以下に限定されないが、アリトレチノイン、アムプリゲン、アトラセンタン、ベキサロテン、ボルテゾミブ、ボセンタン、カルシトリオール、エキシスリンド、フィナステリド、フォテムスチン、イバンドロン酸、ミルテフォシン、ミトキサントロン、1−アスパラギナーゼ、プロカルバジン、ダカルバジン、ヒドロキシカルバミド、ペガスパルガーゼ、ペントスタチン、tazarotne、TLK−286、Velcade、Tarcevaまたはトレチノインが含まれる。
・他の抗血管新生化合物には、以下に限定されないが、アシトレチン、フェンレチニド、サリドマイド、ゾレドロン酸、アンジオスタチン、アプリジン、シレングチド、コムブレタスタチンA−4、エンドスタチン、ハロフギノン、レビマスタット、レモバブ、Revlimid、スクアラミン、ウクラインおよびVitaxinが含まれる。
・白金配位性化合物には、以下に限定されないが、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、ネダプラチンまたはオキサリプラチンが含まれる。
・カンプトテシン誘導体には、以下に限定されないが、カンプトテシン、10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン、9−アミノカンプトテシン、イリノテカン、SN−38、エドテカリンおよびトポテカンが含まれる。
・チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤には、以下に限定されないが、IressaまたはSU5416が含まれる。
・抗体は、以下に限定されないが、Herceptin、Erbitux、Avastinまたはリツキシマブが含まれる。および、
・インターフェロンには、以下に限定されないが、インターフェロンアルファ、インターフェロンアルファ−2a、インターフェロンアルファ−2b、インターフェロンベータ、インターフェロンガンマ−1aまたはインターフェロンガンマ−n1が含まれる。
一部の実施形態では、本発明の方法は、標的化治療法と一緒に投与される。標的化治療法は、がん細胞の調節解除されたタンパク質に特異的な薬剤の使用を構成する。低分子標的化治療薬は、一般に、がん細胞内の変異した、過剰発現した、そうでなければ重要なタンパク質上の酵素ドメインの阻害剤である。著名な例には、アキシチニブ、ボスチニブ、セジラニブ、デサチニブ、エルロチニブ(erolotinib)、イマチニブ、ゲフィチニブ、ラパチニブ、レスタウチニブ、ニロチニブ、セマキサニブ、ソラフェニブ、スニチニブおよびバンデタニブなどのチロシンキナーゼ阻害剤であり、さらには、アルボシジブおよびセリシクリブなどのサイクリン依存性キナーゼ阻害剤である。モノクローナル抗体療法は、治療剤が、がん細胞の表面上のタンパク質に特異的に結合する抗体である、別の戦略である。例には、以下に限定されないが、通常、乳がんにおいて使用される抗HER2/neu抗体であるトラスツズマブ(HERCEPTIN(登録商標))、および様々なB細胞悪性疾患において通常、使用される抗CD20抗体であるリツキシマブおよびトシツモマブが含まれる。他の例示的な抗体には、以下に限定されないが、セツキシマブ(Ctuximab)、パニツムマブ、トラスツズマブ、アレムツズマブ、ベバシズマブ、エドレコロマブおよびゲムツズマブが含まれる。例示的な融合タンパク質には、以下に限定されないが、アフリベルセプトおよびデニロイキンジフチトクスが含まれる。標的化治療法はまた、細胞表面受容体または腫瘍を取り囲む冒された細胞外マトリックスに結合することができる、「ホーミングデバイス(homing device)」としての小さなペプチドも含むことができる。核種が細胞の近傍で減衰する場合、これらのペプチド(例えば、RGD)に結合している放射性核種は、がん細胞を最終的に死滅させる。このような治療法の一例には、BEXXAR(登録商標)が含まれる。一部の実施形態では、標的化治療法は、本発明の方法と組み合わせて使用することができる。
本発明の方法は、抗炎症剤と一緒に投与され得る。抗炎症剤は、以下に限定されないが、非ステロイド系抗炎症剤(例えば、サリチレート系(アスピリン(アセチルサリチル酸)、ジフルニサル、サルサレート)、プロピオン酸誘導体(イブプロフェン、ナプロキセン、フェノプロフェン、ケトプロフェン、フルルビプロフェン、オキサプロジン、ロキソプロフェン)、酢酸誘導体(インドメタシン、スリンダク、エトドラク、ケトロラク、ジクロフェナク、ナブメトン)、エノール酸(オキシカム)誘導体(ピロキシカム、メロキシカム、テノキシカム、ドロキシカム、ロルノキシカム、イソキシカム)、フェナム酸誘導体(フェナメート)(メフェナム酸、メクロフェナム酸、フルフェナム酸、トルフェナム酸)、選択的COX−2阻害剤(コキシブ系)(セレコキシブ)、スルホンアニリド系(ニメスリド)を含むことができる。ステロイド系(例えば、ヒドロコルチゾン(コルチソール)、酢酸コルチソン、プレドニゾン、プレドニゾロン、メチルプレドニゾロン、デキサメサゾン、ベタメタゾン、トリアムシノロン、ベクロメタゾン、酢酸フルドロコルチゾン、酢酸デオキシコルチコステロン、アルドステロン)を含む。
本発明の方法は、鎮痛剤と一緒に投与することができる。鎮痛剤は、以下に限定されないが、オピエート系(例えば、モルヒネ、コデイン、オキシコドン、ヒドロコドン、ジヒドロモルフィン、ペチジン、ブプレノルフィン、トラマドール、ベンラファキシン)、パラセタモール(paracetomal)、および非ステロイド系抗炎症剤(例えば、サリチレート系(アスピリン(アセチルサリチル酸)、ジフルニサル、サルサレート)、プロピオン酸誘導体(イブプロフェン、ナプロキセン、フェノプロフェン、ケトプロフェン、フルルビプロフェン、オキサプロジン、ロキソプロフェン)、酢酸誘導体(インドメタシン、スリンダク、エトドラク、ケトロラク、ジクロフェナク、ナブメトン)、エノール酸(オキシカム)誘導体(ピロキシカム、メロキシカム、テノキシカム、ドロキシカム、ロルノキシカム、イソキシカム)、フェナム酸誘導体(フェナメート)(メフェナム酸、メクロフェナム酸、フルフェナム酸、トルフェナム酸)、選択的COX−2阻害剤(コキシブ系)(セレコキシブ)、スルホンアニリド系(ニメスリド)を含む。
本発明の方法は、抗嘔吐剤と一緒に投与され得る。抗嘔吐剤は、以下に限定されないが、5−HT3受容体アンタゴニスト(ドラセトロン(Anzemet)、グラニセトロン(Kytril、Sancuso)、オンダンセトロン(Zofran)、トロピセトロン(Navoban)、パロノセトロン(Aloxi)、ミルタザピン(Remeron))、ドーパミンアンタゴニスト(ドンペリドン、オランザピン、ドロペリドール、ハロペリドール、クロルプロマジン、プロメタジン、プロクロルパラジン、メトクロプラミド(Reglan)、アリザプリド、プロクロルペラジン(Compazine、Stemzine、Buccastem、Stemetil、Phenotil))、NK1受容体アンタゴニスト(アプレピタント(Emend)、抗ヒスタミン薬(シクリジン、ジフェンヒドラミン(Benadryl)、ジメンヒドリネート(Gravol、Dramamine)、メクロジン(Bonine、Antivert)、プロメタジン(Pentazine、Phenergan、Promacot)、ヒドロキシジン)、ベンゾジアザピン系(ロラゼパム、ミダゾラム)、抗コリン作用薬(ヒヨスチン)、ステロイド系(デキサメサゾン)を含む。
本発明の方法は、増殖性疾患、例えば、がん、例えばがん幹細胞に関連するがんを処置するための、指向性エネルギーもしくは粒子、または放射性同位体処置、例えば放射線療法、例えば放射線腫瘍学と組み合わせて使用することができる。本発明の方法は、指向性エネルギーもしくは粒子、または放射性同位体処置と一緒に、被験体に同時にまたは逐次に投与され得る。例えば、本発明の方法は、指向性エネルギーもしくは粒子、または放射性同位体処置、またはそれらの組み合わせの前、これらの最中またはこれらの後に投与され得る。指向性エネルギーまたは粒子治療は、全身の照射、身体の局所照射または点照射を含むことができる。指向性エネルギーまたは粒子は、加速器、シンクロトロン、核反応、真空管、レーザー、または放射性同位体に由来し得る。この治療法は、外部ビーム照射療法、遠隔放射線療法、近接照射療法、密封線源放射線療法(sealed source radiation therapy)、全身放射性同位体療法または非密封線源放射線療法(unsealed source radiotherapy)を含むことができる。この治療法は、放射性同位体、例えば、放射性ヨウ素、コバルト、セシウム、カリウム、臭素、フッ素、炭素の摂取、またはこれらの近位部に配置することを含むことができる。外部ビーム照射は、指向性アルファ粒子、電子(例えば、ベータ粒子)、プロトン、中性子、陽電子または光子(例えば、電波、ミリ波、マイクロ波、赤外線、可視光、紫外線、X線またはガンマ−線光子)への曝露を含むことができる。放射は、処置を必要としている被験体のいかなる部分も対象となり得る。
本発明の方法は、増殖性疾患、例えばがん、例えばがん幹細胞に関連するがんの処置のための、手術、例えば外科的診査、介入、生検と組み合わせて使用することができる。本発明の方法は、手術と一緒に、被験体に同時にまたは逐次に投与され得る。例えば、本発明の方法は、手術の前(術前)、これらの最中またはこれらの後(術後)、またはそれらの組み合わせに投与され得る。手術は、1つまたは複数の細胞がさらなる分析のために採集されている間の生検であってもよい。生検は、例えば、メス、ニードル、カテーテル、内視鏡、スパチュラまたははさみを使用して実施され得る。この生検は、切除生検、切開生検、コア生検、またはニードル生検、例えばニードル吸引生検とすることができる。手術は、がん性である疑いがあるかまたはそのように確認された局所組織の除去を含むことができる。例えば、手順は、がん性病変、しこり、ポリープまたは母斑の除去を含むことができる。手順は、胸部、骨、皮膚、脂肪または筋肉などの、大量の組織の除去を含むことができる。手順は、臓器または節、例えば、肺、喉、舌、膀胱、子宮頸部、卵巣、精巣、リンパ節、肝臓、膵臓、脳、眼、腎臓、胆嚢、胃、結腸、直腸または腸の一部またはそれらの全部の除去を含むことができる。一実施形態では、がんは乳がん、例えばトリプルネガティブ乳がんであり、その手術は、乳房切除術またはランペクトミーである。
本発明は、がんを有するヒト被験体を処置する方法を記載しており、この場合、該被験体は、第1選択処置(例えば、がんの第1選択治療)に失敗している(例えば、この処置から再発した、この処置に不応性、この処置から利益が全くまたはほとんど得られていない)。本発明はまた、がんを有するヒト被験体を処置する方法を記載しており、本発明の方法は、追加の薬剤と一緒に投与される。一部の実施形態では、追加の薬剤は、がんの第1選択治療である。
本発明は、がんを有するヒト被験体を処置する方法を記載しており、この場合、該被験体は、第2選択処置(例えば、がんの第2選択治療)に失敗している(例えば、この処置から再発した、この処置に不応性、この処置から利益が全くまたはほとんど得られていない)。本発明はまた、がんを有するヒト被験体を処置する方法を記載しており、本発明の方法は、追加の薬剤と一緒に投与される。一部の実施形態では、追加の薬剤は、がんの第1または第2選択治療である。第2選択治療は、一般に、初期の処置(例えば、第1選択治療)が、所望の結果を実現しない場合(例えば、働かない、有効ではない、働きが停止する)に与えられる処置を指す。第2選択治療は、通常、被験体が初期処置(例えば、第1選択治療)に応答しないか、または耐性を発現する場合に考慮されるかまたは与えられる。例えば、第2選択治療は、通常、再発した疾患または治療抵抗性疾患を有する被験体に考慮される、または与えられる。
本発明の方法は、本明細書に記載されている化合物(例えば、本明細書に記載されている化合物を含む組成物)の投与を含む。本明細書に記載されている化合物は、経口、非経口、局所、直腸で、または埋め込み式レザーバーを介して、好ましくは経口投与または注射による投与によって、投与され得る。一部の場合、本化合物は、本明細書に記載されている化合物を含む組成物として投与される。一部の実施形態では、本組成物(例えば、医薬組成物)のpHは、薬学的に許容される酸、塩基または緩衝液により調節されて、該組成物の安定性または有効性を増強することができる。
本明細書に記載されている方法は、FAK阻害剤を含む組成物(例えば、医薬組成物)および免疫療法剤を含む組成物を被験体に投与するステップを含む。一部の実施形態では、被験体には、FAK阻害剤を含む組成物が経口投与される。一部の実施形態では、本組成物(例えば、医薬組成物)は、以下に限定されないが、liqui−gel錠剤またはカプセル剤、シロップ剤、エマルション剤および水性懸濁剤を含めた、任意の経口として許容される剤形で経口投与される。liqui−gelは、好適な粘稠度を達成するために必要な場合、ゼラチン、可塑剤および/または乳白剤を含むことができ、使用に承認されている腸溶コーティング剤、例えばセラックによりコーティングされていてもよい。経口投与として使用される場合、追加の増粘剤、例えばガム、例えばキサンタンガム、デンプン、例えばトウモロコシデンプン、またはグルテンが加えられて、組成物(例えば、医薬組成物)の所望の粘稠度を達成することができる。所望の場合、ある種の甘味剤および/または矯味矯臭剤および/または着色剤が加えられてもよい。一部の実施形態では、被験体には、FAK阻害剤を含む組成物が経口投与される。
本明細書に記載されている方法は、FAK阻害剤を含む組成物(例えば、医薬組成物)および免疫療法剤を含む組成物を被験体に投与するステップを含む。一部の実施形態では、免疫療法剤は、非経口投与(例えば、静脈内)される。一部の実施形態では、本明細書に記載されている免疫療法は、非経口投与に好適な医薬品添加剤を用いて製剤化される。非経口投与の例示的な形態は、静脈内、動脈内、皮下、筋肉内、血管内、腹腔内または注入を含む。
本明細書で使用する場合、冠詞「a」および「an」は、該冠詞の文法上の目的語が1つまたは1つ超(例えば、少なくとも1つ)であることを指す。
FAK/PYK2阻害は、免疫チェックポイント阻害の有効性を増強する
低分子FAK/PYK2阻害剤であるVS−6063は、異種移植片モデルにおいて、単球由来マクロファージを阻害すること、in vitroではマクロファージからのIL−6およびIL−8産生を低下させること、および腫瘍関連マクロファージを減少させることが示されている。さらに、SRC阻害剤であるダサチニブ、およびCD8+細胞毒性T細胞の増殖を潜在的に害するMEK阻害剤であるトラメチニブなどの他のタンパク質キナーゼ阻害剤とは対照的に、VS−4718およびVS−6063は、CD8+細胞毒性T細胞の増殖を刺激する(図1)。抗CD3/抗CD28によりコーティングしたビーズの存在下で、VS−4718またはVS−6063の濃度を増加させながら、健常ドナーのPBMCから単離した一次ヒトCD8+T細胞を、72時間、インキュベートし、新規DNA合成の尺度として、BrdUの取り込みについてアッセイした。どちらのFAK阻害剤も、CD8+T細胞増殖を用量依存的に向上させた。
抗PD−1とのFAK阻害剤の有効性およびバイオマーカーとの相関性
同系MC38腫瘍を有するマウスを、腫瘍が50〜100mm3に到達すると無作為化し、ビヒクル、VS−4718(実験の終わりまで75mg/kg、BIDで経口)、抗PD−1(クローンRMP1−14、1日目、4日目、8日目、11日目に10mg/kgを腹腔内)またはVS−4718+抗PD−1のいずれかにより処置した。経過した日数全体のメジアン腫瘍体積が、図3Aに示されている。同系MC38結腸直腸腫瘍を有するマウスにおいて、VS−4718と抗PD−1とを組み合わせると、抗腫瘍の有効性が改善された。
Claims (42)
- 本明細書に記載されている疾患または障害(例えば、異常な細胞成長、例えば、がん(例えば、本明細書に記載されているがん))に罹患しているヒト被験体を処置する方法であって、免疫療法剤または手順(例えば、該免疫療法剤は、免疫チェックポイント遮断経路を阻害する化合物である)と組み合わせてFAK阻害剤を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 前記がんが、固形腫瘍、軟部組織腫瘍、転移または非固形がんである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記がんが固形腫瘍である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記固形腫瘍が、臓器(例えば、肺、胸部、リンパ、胃腸(例えば、結腸)、および尿生殖器(例えば、腎臓、尿路上皮または精巣の腫瘍)路、咽頭、前立腺および卵巣)の悪性疾患(例えば、肉腫、腺癌および癌)である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記がんが、中皮腫;神経線維腫症;例えば、2型神経線維腫症、1型神経線維腫症;腎がん;肺がん、非小細胞肺がん;肝臓がん;甲状腺がん;卵巣がん;乳がん;神経系腫瘍;神経鞘腫;髄膜腫;神経鞘腫症;聴神経腫;腺様嚢胞癌;上衣腫;または上衣腫瘍である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記がんが、中皮腫(例えば、悪性胸膜中皮腫、例えば、外科的に切除可能な悪性胸膜中皮腫)、乳がん(例えばトリプルネガティブ乳がん)、卵巣がん(例えば、進行性卵巣がん)、肺がん(例えば、非小細胞肺がん(NSCLC)、例えば、KRAS変異NSCLC))または非血液系悪性疾患である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記がんが、黒色腫(例えば、N−Ras変異局所進行性または転移性の悪性皮膚黒色腫)、結腸直腸がん(例えば、転移性結腸直腸がん)、白血病(例えば、急性骨髄性白血病)、腺癌(例えば、膵臓腺癌)、または固形腫瘍(例えば、局所進行性固形腫瘍、転移性固形腫瘍、肝細胞癌)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が経口投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、VS−4718、VS−5095、VS−6062、VS−6063、BI853520またはGSK2256098である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤がVS−4718である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤がVS−6063である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、少なくとも1日1回、投与される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、1日1回、投与される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、1日2回、投与される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、約100mg〜約2000mgで投与される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、VS−6063であり、約200mg〜約600mgで1日2回、投与される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- VS−6063が、食物の消費前または後(例えば、その直前または直後)に投与される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、VS−4718であり、約300mg〜約500mgで1日1回、投与される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、VS−4718であり、約200mg〜約400mgで1日2回、投与される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が非経口投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、抗CTLA−4抗体(例えば、イピリムマブ、トレメリムマブ)である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、抗PD−1リガンド(例えば、PD−LI(例えば、B7−HIまたはCD274)またはPD−L2(例えば、B7−DCまたはCD273))である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、抗PD−1抗体(例えば、抗PD−1または抗PD−L1、例えば、ニボルマブ(すなわち、MDX−1106、BMS−936558、ONO−4538);CT−011;AMP−224;ペムブロリズマブ;ピジリズマブ;またはMK−3475)である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、抗PD−L1抗体(例えば、BMS936559(すなわち、MDX−1105);MEDI4736;MSB0010718C(アベルマブ);またはMPDL−3280A)である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、チェックポイント遮断抗体(例えば、IMP321、MGA271)である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、抗CTLA−4抗体(例えば、イピリムマブ、トレメリムマブ)、抗TIM3、抗LAG3、または抗TIGITである、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、細胞をベースとする治療である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞をベースとする治療が、CAR−T治療である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫療法剤が、共刺激抗体(例えば、抗4−1BB、抗OX40、抗GITR、抗CD27、抗CD40)である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 追加の化学療法剤または放射線療法を投与するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 細胞毒性剤を投与するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞毒性剤が、ゲムシタビンまたはパクリタキセル(例えば、nab−パクリタキセル)である、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 追加の治療剤が、アルキル化剤、代謝拮抗剤、抗生物質、ホルモン療法剤、植物由来の抗腫瘍物質、細胞毒性トポイソメラーゼ阻害剤、免疫薬、生物学的応答調節物質、他の抗がん剤、他の抗血管新生化合物、白金配位性化合物、チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤、抗体およびインターフェロンから選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、前記免疫療法剤の投与前に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、前記免疫療法剤の投与後に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記FAK阻害剤が、前記免疫療法剤の投与と同時に投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、化学療法剤または放射線療法により以前に処置されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、従来のまたは標準的ながん処置(例えば、手術、がんの第1選択治療)に失敗している(例えば、このがん処置から再発した、このがん処置に不応性、このがん処置から利益が全くまたはほとんど得られていない)、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、第1選択処置(例えば、がんの第1選択治療)に失敗している(例えば、この処置から再発した、この処置に不応性、この処置から利益が全くまたはほとんど得られていない)、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、腫瘍細胞において、高PD−L1またはPD−L2、例えば、高PD−L1またはPD−L2を有することが確認される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、腫瘍細胞において、低PD−L1またはPD−L2、例えば、低PD−L1またはPD−L2を有することが確認される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、インターフェロンガンマ(IFN−γ)誘導遺伝子を発現することが確認される、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US10835536B2 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2020-11-17 | Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Therapeutic agent for FGFR inhibitor-resistant cancer |
US10894048B2 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2021-01-19 | Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Antitumor drug for intermittent administration of FGFR inhibitor |
US11883404B2 (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2024-01-30 | Taiho Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. | Preparation and composition for treatment of malignant tumors |
US11975002B2 (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2024-05-07 | Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Preparation and composition for treatment of malignant tumors |
US11833151B2 (en) | 2018-03-19 | 2023-12-05 | Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Pharmaceutical composition including sodium alkyl sulfate |
WO2020175704A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | 大鵬薬品工業株式会社 | 3,5-二置換ベンゼンアルキニル化合物と免疫チェックポイント阻害薬とを用いた癌治療法 |
JPWO2020175704A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | ||
US11988880B2 (en) | 2020-02-14 | 2024-05-21 | Fujifilm Corporation | Optical coupling system and optical communication device |
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BR112017028519A2 (pt) | 2018-08-28 |
EP3313404A1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
ZA201800572B (en) | 2023-12-20 |
EP3313404B1 (en) | 2024-09-04 |
AU2023214272A1 (en) | 2023-08-31 |
AU2021202379A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
MX2018000288A (es) | 2018-11-09 |
US10532056B2 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
US20200330471A1 (en) | 2020-10-22 |
US20240000790A1 (en) | 2024-01-04 |
US20180177788A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
HK1254525A1 (zh) | 2019-07-19 |
JP2021183650A (ja) | 2021-12-02 |
CA2991044A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
WO2017004192A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
EA201890161A1 (ru) | 2018-06-29 |
MX2022001165A (es) | 2022-02-22 |
CN108289892B (zh) | 2021-11-23 |
AU2016286091B2 (en) | 2021-02-04 |
JP2024111247A (ja) | 2024-08-16 |
KR20180100539A (ko) | 2018-09-11 |
CN108289892A (zh) | 2018-07-17 |
CN114209841A (zh) | 2022-03-22 |
US11564927B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
AU2021202379B2 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
AU2016286091A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
IL256652A (en) | 2018-02-28 |
EP3313404A4 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
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