JP2018194000A - Dual-fuel engine and method for operating dual-fuel engine - Google Patents

Dual-fuel engine and method for operating dual-fuel engine Download PDF

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JP2018194000A
JP2018194000A JP2018092055A JP2018092055A JP2018194000A JP 2018194000 A JP2018194000 A JP 2018194000A JP 2018092055 A JP2018092055 A JP 2018092055A JP 2018092055 A JP2018092055 A JP 2018092055A JP 2018194000 A JP2018194000 A JP 2018194000A
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fuel
dual
engine
ignition fluid
cylinder
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ルートヴィヒ・マイアー
Ludwig Maier
ヨハン・ヴロカ
Wloka Johann
ゲロルト・ヴァッサーマン
Wassermann Gerold
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613—Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
    • F02B69/02—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
    • F02B69/04—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/04—Gas-air mixing apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/0064—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel for engines being fed with multiple fuels or fuels having special properties, e.g. bio-fuels; varying the fuel composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a novel dual-fuel engine having a simpler structure.SOLUTION: In a liquid fuel operation mode of a dual-fuel engine (23), a liquid fuel for combusting the liquid fuel can be supplied into the combustion chamber (9) of a cylinder (2) through a fuel supply device (24) having a plurality of fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c). In a gas fuel operation mode of the dual-fuel engine (23), into the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2), on the one hand, a gaseous fuel is supplied for combusting the gaseous fuel and on the other hand, an ignition fluid is supplied for igniting the ignition fluid. The fuel supply device (24) for the liquid fuel in the gas fuel operation mode of the dual-fuel engine (23) supplies the ignition fluid into the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2) such that the fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c) alternately feed the ignition fluid.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、デュアルフューエル（二元燃料）エンジンに関する。さらに、本発明は、デュアルフューエルエンジンを動作させるための方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a dual fuel engine. The invention further relates to a method for operating a dual fuel engine.

慣習から、デュアルフューエルエンジンは、一方ではディーゼルのような液体燃料を、他方では天然ガスのような気体状燃料を燃焼し得るとして知られている。デュアルフューエルエンジンの気体モードにおいて、過薄気体空気混合気は、通常、エンジンのシリンダ内に導入され、同じようにシリンダ内に導入された点火流体の点火エネルギーによって点火される。   By convention, dual fuel engines are known to be able to burn liquid fuels such as diesel on the one hand and gaseous fuels such as natural gas on the other hand. In the dual fuel engine gas mode, the lean gas air mixture is typically introduced into the cylinder of the engine and is ignited by the ignition energy of the ignition fluid introduced into the cylinder as well.

従来技術から公知のデュアルフューエルエンジンの組立体を図１に示し、図１は、このようなデュアルフューエルエンジン１のシリンダ２を示す。シリンダ２は、シリンダヘッド３を備える。シリンダにおいて、ピストン４は、接続ロッド５によって案内されており、上下動する。シリンダヘッドには、燃料噴射器６が固定されており、この燃料噴射器を用いて、液体燃料、特にディーゼル燃料は、燃料ポンプ８から燃料ライン７を介してシリンダ２の燃焼室９内に噴射され得る。燃料噴射器６、燃料ライン７及び燃料ポンプ８は、シリンダ２の燃焼室９内に液体燃料を供給するように機能する燃料供給装置の構成要素である。この燃料供給装置は、特に、デュアルフューエルエンジン、特にディーゼルのシリンダ２において液体燃料を燃料として燃焼させるときに、作動される。液体燃料を燃焼させるため、給気１０を入口弁１７を介してデュアルフューエルエンジン１のシリンダ２それぞれ内に追加的に導入し得、燃料の燃焼中に発生した排気ガス１５は、排気弁１８を通してデュアルフューエルエンジン１のシリンダ２それぞれから排出され得る。   The assembly of a dual fuel engine known from the prior art is shown in FIG. 1, which shows a cylinder 2 of such a dual fuel engine 1. The cylinder 2 includes a cylinder head 3. In the cylinder, the piston 4 is guided by the connecting rod 5 and moves up and down. A fuel injector 6 is fixed to the cylinder head, and by using this fuel injector, liquid fuel, particularly diesel fuel, is injected from the fuel pump 8 into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 through the fuel line 7. Can be done. The fuel injector 6, the fuel line 7, and the fuel pump 8 are components of a fuel supply device that functions to supply liquid fuel into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2. This fuel supply device is operated in particular when a liquid fuel is burned as fuel in a dual fuel engine, in particular a diesel cylinder 2. In order to burn the liquid fuel, the intake air 10 can be additionally introduced into each of the cylinders 2 of the dual fuel engine 1 via the inlet valve 17, and the exhaust gas 15 generated during the combustion of the fuel passes through the exhaust valve 18. It can be discharged from each cylinder 2 of the dual fuel engine 1.

デュアルフューエルエンジン１のシリンダ２の燃焼室９において、気体は、別の動作モードにおいて燃料として代替的に燃焼され得る。このために、デュアルフューエルエンジン１は、混合気形成ユニット２０を備えており、この混合気形成ユニットにおいて、気体供給ライン２１を通して混合気形成ユニット２０に供給された燃焼気１０と気体との混合気を形成し、この気体空気混合気は、入口弁１７を通してシリンダ２の燃焼室９内に導入される。気体の燃焼中に、排気ガス１５は、同様に、発生し、この排気ガスは、排気弁１８を通してシリンダ２から排出される。点火流体噴射器１３を用いてシリンダ２のさらなる燃焼室１１内に導入され得る点火流体は、デュアルフューエルエンジン１の気体モードにおいて気体空気混合気を点火するように機能し、シリンダ２のこのさらなる燃焼室１１は、少なくとも１つの接続チャネル１２を通して燃焼室９に連結されている。あるいは、点火流体は、同様に、燃焼室９に直接導入され得る。図１に示すシリンダ２の点火流体噴射器１３は、デュアルフューエルエンジンの点火流体噴射システムの一部であり、デュアルフューエルエンジン１のシリンダ２それぞれのための点火流体噴射システムは、個別の点火流体噴射器１３を備える。点火流体噴射システムの共通の点火流体貯蔵ユニット２２から出て、点火流体噴射器１３には、点火流体ライン１４を通して点火流体が供給され得、点火流体貯蔵ユニット２２には、点火流体給送ポンプ１６が割り当てられており、この点火流体給送ポンプは、点火流体貯蔵ユニット２２に点火流体を供給する。点火流体給送ポンプ１６は、好ましくは、電動式高圧ポンプである。ここで、点火流体給送ポンプ１６には、吸引チョーク１９が割り当てられている。   In the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 of the dual fuel engine 1, the gas can alternatively be combusted as fuel in another mode of operation. For this purpose, the dual fuel engine 1 includes an air-fuel mixture forming unit 20, in which the air-fuel mixture of the combustion gas 10 supplied to the air-fuel mixture forming unit 20 through the gas supply line 21 is mixed. This gaseous air mixture is introduced into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 through the inlet valve 17. During the combustion of the gas, the exhaust gas 15 is likewise generated and this exhaust gas is exhausted from the cylinder 2 through the exhaust valve 18. The ignition fluid that can be introduced into the further combustion chamber 11 of the cylinder 2 using the ignition fluid injector 13 functions to ignite a gaseous air mixture in the gas mode of the dual fuel engine 1, and this further combustion of the cylinder 2. The chamber 11 is connected to the combustion chamber 9 through at least one connection channel 12. Alternatively, the ignition fluid can likewise be introduced directly into the combustion chamber 9. 1 is part of a dual fuel engine ignition fluid injection system, and the ignition fluid injection system for each cylinder 2 of the dual fuel engine 1 is a separate ignition fluid injection. A container 13 is provided. Exiting from the common ignition fluid storage unit 22 of the ignition fluid injection system, the ignition fluid injector 13 may be supplied with ignition fluid through the ignition fluid line 14, and the ignition fluid storage unit 22 is supplied with an ignition fluid feed pump 16. This ignition fluid feed pump supplies ignition fluid to the ignition fluid storage unit 22. The ignition fluid feed pump 16 is preferably an electric high pressure pump. Here, a suction choke 19 is assigned to the ignition fluid feed pump 16.

したがって、一方では、慣習から公知のデュアルフューエルエンジン１は、デュアルフューエルエンジン１の液体燃料モードにおいて液体燃料を供給するための燃料供給装置を備え、他方では、慣習から公知のデュアルフューエルエンジン１は、デュアルフューエルエンジン１における気体状燃料を燃焼するための燃料モードにおいて点火燃料をデュアルフューエルエンジン１のシリンダ２に導入するために、別個の点火流体噴射システムを備える。   Therefore, on the one hand, the known dual fuel engine 1 comprises a fuel supply device for supplying liquid fuel in the liquid fuel mode of the dual fuel engine 1, and on the other hand, the known dual fuel engine 1 is A separate ignition fluid injection system is provided for introducing ignition fuel into the cylinder 2 of the dual fuel engine 1 in a fuel mode for burning gaseous fuel in the dual fuel engine 1.

したがって、慣習から公知のデュアルフューエルエンジンは、２つの噴射システム、すなわち、液体燃料のための燃料供給装置と、点火流体噴射システムと、を備える。これは、デュアルフューエルエンジンの複雑な構造を必要とする。したがって、より簡素な構造を有する新規なデュアルフューエルエンジンに対する、及び、このデュアルフューエルエンジンを動作させるための方法に対する、必要性がある。   Thus, the dual fuel engine known from the custom comprises two injection systems, namely a fuel supply for liquid fuel and an ignition fluid injection system. This requires the complex structure of a dual fuel engine. Accordingly, there is a need for a novel dual fuel engine having a simpler structure and for a method for operating the dual fuel engine.

ここから始めて、本発明は、新規のタイプのデュアルフューエルエンジン及びデュアルフューエルエンジンを動作させるための方法を創出する目的に基づいている。この目的は、請求項１にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジンによって解決される。本発明によれば、液体燃料のための燃料供給装置は、燃料供給装置の燃料ポンプが交互に点火流体を給送するように、デュアルフューエルエンジンの気体燃料動作モードにおいて、シリンダの燃焼室に液体燃料を供給する。   Beginning here, the present invention is based on the object of creating a new type of dual fuel engine and a method for operating a dual fuel engine. This object is solved by a dual fuel engine according to claim 1. According to the present invention, a fuel supply device for liquid fuel is provided with liquid in a combustion chamber of a cylinder in a gas fuel operation mode of a dual fuel engine such that a fuel pump of the fuel supply device alternately delivers ignition fluid. Supply fuel.

本発明にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジンを用いて、燃料供給装置、すなわち液体燃料の噴射システムは、デュアルフューエルエンジンの気体モードにおいてデュアルフューエルエンジンのシリンダに点火流体を供給する作業をさらに担う。慣習から公知のデュアルフューエルエンジンで必要とされる別個の点火流体噴射システムは、本発明によれば省略され得る。これにより、デュアルフューエルエンジンの複雑さが低減され、デュアルフューエルエンジンは、より簡素にかつよりコスト効率を高く製造され得る。燃料供給装置の燃料ポンプすべては、点火流体をシリンダに供給するためにデュアルフューエルエンジンの気体モードにおいて同時に作動しないが、むしろ、液体燃料のための燃料供給装置は、燃料供給装置のポンプがシリンダの方向で点火流体を交互に給送するように、デュアルフューエルエンジンの気体モードにおいてシリンダの燃焼室に点火流体を供給する。燃料ポンプのうち気体モードにおいて現在点火流体を給送していない燃料ポンプは、気体モードにおいて作動停止している。このため、デュアルフューエルエンジンの気体モードにおいて少量の点火流体を給送するときに、燃料ポンプの給送速度に関して多量の液体燃料のために設計されている燃料供給装置の燃料ポンプが過熱して損傷する危険性がない。   Using the dual fuel engine according to the present invention, the fuel supply device, that is, the liquid fuel injection system, is further responsible for supplying ignition fluid to the cylinders of the dual fuel engine in the gas mode of the dual fuel engine. The separate ignition fluid injection system required by conventional dual fuel engines can be omitted according to the invention. This reduces the complexity of the dual fuel engine, and the dual fuel engine can be made simpler and more cost effective. All fuel supply fuel pumps do not operate simultaneously in the dual fuel engine gas mode to supply ignition fluid to the cylinders, but rather, the fuel supply for liquid fuel is the fuel supply pump is connected to the cylinder. In the gas mode of the dual fuel engine, the ignition fluid is supplied to the combustion chamber of the cylinder so as to alternately supply the ignition fluid in the direction. Of the fuel pumps, the fuel pumps that are not currently supplying ignition fluid in the gas mode are deactivated in the gas mode. For this reason, when supplying a small amount of ignition fluid in the gas mode of a dual fuel engine, the fuel pump of the fuel supply device designed for a large amount of liquid fuel with respect to the fuel pump feed speed will overheat and be damaged There is no danger of doing.

好ましくは、燃料ポンプは、特にプラグインポンプであるポンプとして具現化されており、これらポンプは、デュアルフューエルエンジンのカムシャフトによって駆動され、燃料ポンプそれぞれには、燃料ポンプそれぞれの給送速度を調整するために調整可能である調整可能なチョークが割り当てられている。これにより、特に簡素な構成のデュアルフューエルエンジンが可能となる。   Preferably, the fuel pumps are embodied as pumps, in particular plug-in pumps, which are driven by the camshaft of a dual fuel engine, and each fuel pump adjusts the feed rate of each fuel pump. An adjustable choke that is adjustable to be assigned. As a result, a dual fuel engine having a particularly simple configuration is possible.

好ましくは、燃料供給装置は、コモンレール型燃料供給装置として設計されている。本発明は、デュアルフューエルエンジンに、及び、このようなデュアルフューエルエンジンを動作させるための方法に、関する。特に燃料供給装置がコモンレール型燃料供給装置として具現化されている場合、デュアルフューエルエンジンの液体燃料及びデュアルフューエルエンジンの点火流体は、有利には、液体燃料動作モード及び気体燃料動作モードそれぞれにおいて、デュアルフューエルエンジンのシリンダの方向で給送され、シリンダの燃焼室内に導入される。   Preferably, the fuel supply device is designed as a common rail fuel supply device. The present invention relates to a dual fuel engine and to a method for operating such a dual fuel engine. Particularly when the fuel supply device is embodied as a common rail fuel supply device, the liquid fuel of the dual fuel engine and the ignition fluid of the dual fuel engine are advantageously dual in the liquid fuel operation mode and the gas fuel operation mode, respectively. It is fed in the direction of the cylinder of the fuel engine and introduced into the combustion chamber of the cylinder.

デュアルフューエルエンジンを動作させるための方法を請求項６に規定する。   A method for operating a dual fuel engine is defined in claim 6.

本発明の好ましいさらなる展開は、従属請求項及び以下の説明から得られる。本発明の例示的な形態は、添付の図面に限定されることなく図面を用いてより詳細に説明される。   Preferred further developments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail using the drawings without being limited to the accompanying drawings.

従来技術にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジンを示すブロックダイアグラムである。It is a block diagram which shows the dual fuel engine concerning a prior art. 本発明にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジンを示すブロックダイアグラムである。1 is a block diagram showing a dual fuel engine according to the present invention.

図２は、本発明にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジン２３の組立体を示しており、図１は、このようなデュアルフューエルエンジン２３のシリンダ２を示す。   FIG. 2 shows an assembly of a dual fuel engine 23 according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows a cylinder 2 of such a dual fuel engine 23.

図１に示すシリンダ２は、シリンダヘッド３を備える。シリンダヘッド３内では、ピストン４が上下動し得、ピストン４は、接続ロッド５によって案内される。   A cylinder 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a cylinder head 3. In the cylinder head 3, the piston 4 can move up and down, and the piston 4 is guided by the connecting rod 5.

シリンダ２は、燃焼室９を備える。デュアルフューエルエンジン２３の液体燃料モードにおいて、液体燃料は、すなわちコモンレール型燃料供給装置である図２に示す燃料供給装置２４を用いて、シリンダ２の燃焼室９内に導入される。コモンレール型燃料供給装置２４は、デュアルフューエルエンジン２３のシリンダ２それぞれに関して、少なくとも１つの燃料噴射器２８を備え、液体燃料モードにおいて、液体燃料は、この燃料噴射器を通して、シリンダ２それぞれの燃焼室９内に導入され得る。さらに、コモンレール型燃料供給装置２４のうち高圧燃料ポンプとして具現化された複数の燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ及び２５ｃが示されており、これら燃料ポンプは、コモンレール型燃料供給装置の低圧領域から始まって、コモンレール型燃料供給装置の高圧領域内へ、すなわちコモンレール型燃料供給装置２４の圧力蓄積器システム２６内へ、燃料を給送する。圧力蓄積器システム２６から始まって、液体燃料は、高圧燃料ライン２９を通してシリンダ２の噴射器２８に供給され得る。図２によれば、コモンレール型燃料供給装置２４の高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ及び２５ｃそれぞれには、調整可能なチョーク２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃが割り当てられている。   The cylinder 2 includes a combustion chamber 9. In the liquid fuel mode of the dual fuel engine 23, the liquid fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 using the fuel supply device 24 shown in FIG. 2 which is a common rail type fuel supply device. The common rail fuel supply device 24 includes at least one fuel injector 28 for each cylinder 2 of the dual fuel engine 23, and in the liquid fuel mode, the liquid fuel passes through the fuel injector and the combustion chamber 9 of each cylinder 2. Can be introduced within. Furthermore, a plurality of fuel pumps 25a, 25b and 25c embodied as high pressure fuel pumps are shown in the common rail fuel supply device 24, starting from the low pressure region of the common rail fuel supply device, Fuel is fed into the high pressure region of the common rail fuel supply, that is, into the pressure accumulator system 26 of the common rail fuel supply 24. Starting from the pressure accumulator system 26, liquid fuel may be supplied to the injector 28 of the cylinder 2 through the high pressure fuel line 29. According to FIG. 2, adjustable chokes 27a, 27b, and 27c are allocated to the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c of the common rail fuel supply device 24, respectively.

液体燃料モードにおいて、燃料供給装置２４を通してシリンダ２内に導入された液体燃料を燃焼し、このために、給気１０は、シリンダ２それぞれの適切な入口弁１７を通してシリンダ２にさらに供給される。液体燃料の燃焼中に発生した排気ガスは、排気弁１８を通してシリンダ２それぞれの燃焼室９から排出され得る。   In the liquid fuel mode, the liquid fuel introduced into the cylinder 2 through the fuel supply device 24 is combusted. For this purpose, the supply air 10 is further supplied to the cylinder 2 through the appropriate inlet valve 17 of each cylinder 2. The exhaust gas generated during the combustion of the liquid fuel can be discharged from the combustion chamber 9 of each cylinder 2 through the exhaust valve 18.

デュアルフューエルエンジン２３の気体燃料動作モードにおいて、気体状燃料、すなわち燃焼空気１０と気体との混合気であって混合気形成ユニット２０において形成された混合気は、燃焼のためにシリンダ２の燃焼室９に供給される。気体は、気体供給ライン２１を通して混合気形成ユニット２０に供給される。気体−空気混合気は、入口弁１７を通してシリンダ２それぞれの燃焼室９に入り、気体の燃焼中に発生した排気ガス１５は、排気弁１８を通してシリンダ２から排出され得る。   In the gas fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine 23, the gaseous fuel, that is, the mixture of the combustion air 10 and the gas, which is formed in the mixture formation unit 20, is used for combustion in the combustion chamber of the cylinder 2. 9 is supplied. The gas is supplied to the gas mixture forming unit 20 through the gas supply line 21. The gas-air mixture enters the combustion chamber 9 of each cylinder 2 through the inlet valve 17, and the exhaust gas 15 generated during gas combustion can be discharged from the cylinder 2 through the exhaust valve 18.

点火流体は、デュアルフューエルエンジン２３の気体燃料モードにおいて気体−空気混合気を点火するように機能する。本発明にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジン２３において、液体燃料のための燃料供給装置２４は、同様に、デュアルフューエルエンジン２３の気体燃料動作モードにおいて、シリンダ２の燃焼室９に点火流体を供給する。したがって、デュアルフューエルエンジン２３のうちコモンレール型燃料供給装置として具現化された燃料供給装置２４は、液体燃料モードにおいて、シリンダ２の燃焼室９内に液体燃料を供給するように、かつ、気体燃料モードにおいて、シリンダ２の燃焼室９内に点火流体を供給するように、機能する。したがって、本発明にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジン２３を用いて、液体燃料及び点火流体のための別個の噴射システムを省略する。   The ignition fluid functions to ignite the gas-air mixture in the gas fuel mode of the dual fuel engine 23. In the dual fuel engine 23 according to the present invention, the fuel supply device 24 for liquid fuel similarly supplies ignition fluid to the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 in the gas fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine 23. Therefore, the fuel supply device 24 embodied as a common rail fuel supply device in the dual fuel engine 23 is configured to supply liquid fuel into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2 in the liquid fuel mode, and in the gas fuel mode. , The ignition fluid is supplied into the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder 2. Therefore, using the dual fuel engine 23 according to the present invention, a separate injection system for liquid fuel and ignition fluid is omitted.

デュアルフューエルエンジン２３の液体燃料動作モードにおいて比較的多量の液体燃料を給送するように設計された高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ及び２５ｃが気体燃料動作モードにおいて少量の点火流体を給送するときに過熱することを防止し、燃料供給装置２４は、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ及び２５ｃが交互に点火流体を給送するように、気体燃料動作モードにおいてシリンダの燃焼室９に点火流体を供給する。したがって、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃは、気体燃料動作モードにおいて同時にはなく交互に動作する。   High pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b and 25c designed to deliver a relatively large amount of liquid fuel in the liquid fuel operating mode of the dual fuel engine 23 will overheat when delivering a small amount of ignition fluid in the gaseous fuel operating mode. The fuel supply device 24 supplies the ignition fluid to the combustion chamber 9 of the cylinder in the gas fuel operation mode so that the high pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b and 25c alternately supply the ignition fluid. Accordingly, the high pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, 25c operate alternately instead of simultaneously in the gaseous fuel operation mode.

高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ及び２５ｃは、デュアルフューエルエンジン２３のカムシャフト（図示略）から始まって駆動されるポンプである。上述のように、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃそれぞれには、調整可能なチョーク２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃが割り当てられており、これらチョークは、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃそれぞれの給送速度を調整するために調整可能である。   The high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c are pumps that are driven starting from the camshaft (not shown) of the dual fuel engine 23. As described above, each of the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c is assigned an adjustable choke 27a, 27b, and 27c, and these chokes control the feeding speed of each of the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c. Adjustable to adjust.

デュアルフューエルエンジン２３の気体燃料モードにおいて、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃは、同様に、カムシャフトから駆動され、回転速度は、カムシャフトに依存する一方で、給送速度は、チョーク２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃを介して調整される。ここで、比較的低い給送速度で点火流体を供給するためのチョーク２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃは、気体燃料動作モードにおいて、相対的に長く閉鎖され、それにより、その後、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃそれぞれは、比較的少量の点火流体を給送しており、そのため、それ自体は、点火流体の給送速度が低い結果として高圧ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃそれぞれが過熱する危険性がある。しかしながら、本発明にかかる高圧ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃが気体燃料動作モードにおいて同時に動作しておらず、むしろ点火流体を交互に給送するので、気体燃料動作モードにおいて、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃが過熱する危険性がない。高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃは、好ましくは、いわゆるプラグインポンプである。   In the gas fuel mode of the dual fuel engine 23, the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, 25c are similarly driven from the camshaft, and the rotational speed depends on the camshaft, while the feeding speed is choke 27a, 27b. , 27c. Here, the chokes 27a, 27b, 27c for supplying the ignition fluid at a relatively low feed rate are closed relatively long in the gaseous fuel operation mode, so that the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, Each 25c delivers a relatively small amount of ignition fluid, and as such, there is a risk that each of the high pressure pumps 25a, 25b, 25c will overheat as a result of the low delivery rate of the ignition fluid. However, since the high-pressure pumps 25a, 25b, 25c according to the present invention are not operating simultaneously in the gaseous fuel operation mode, but rather supply the ignition fluid alternately, in the gaseous fuel operation mode, the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, There is no danger of overheating 25c. The high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c are preferably so-called plug-in pumps.

したがって、本発明にかかるデュアルフューエルエンジン２３を用いて、液体燃料動作モードにおける液体燃料に関する液体噴射量と気体燃料動作モードにおける気体燃料に関する噴射量との給送は、１つの同じ噴射システムを通して、すなわち、コモンレール型燃料供給装置２４を通して、行う。必要な給送速度それぞれは、燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃに割り当てられた調整可能なチョーク２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃを介して調整される。   Therefore, using the dual fuel engine 23 according to the present invention, the liquid injection amount relating to the liquid fuel in the liquid fuel operation mode and the injection amount relating to the gas fuel in the gas fuel operation mode are fed through one and the same injection system, i.e. This is performed through the common rail fuel supply device 24. Each required feed rate is adjusted via adjustable chokes 27a, 27b, 27c assigned to the fuel pumps 25a, 25b, 25c.

気体燃料動作モードにおいて高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃの給送速度を低減した場合に高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃの過熱を回避するため、点火流体の給送は、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃを通して交互に実現される。したがって、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃそれぞれは、単に、所定の時間間隔にわたって動作するだけであり、この時間間隔の後、一の高圧燃料ポンプを停止し、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃのうち別の１つを所定の時間間隔にわたって動作させる。高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃのうち気体燃料動作モードにおいて今のところ点火流体を給送していないものは、気体燃料動作モードにおいて作動停止されている。したがって、どの時点においても、点火流体を現在給送している特定の高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａまたは２５ｂまたは２５ｃのみが、気体燃料動作モードにおいて動作している。対照的に、他の高圧燃料ポンプ２５ｂ及び２５ｃまたは２５ａ及び２５ｃまたは２５ａ及び２５ｂは、作動停止している。気体燃料動作モードにおいて、高圧燃料ポンプ２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃは、このような間隔切替及び待機の観点で、任意の順番で動作し得る。   In order to avoid overheating of the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c when the feeding speed of the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c is reduced in the gaseous fuel operation mode, the ignition fluid is fed to the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b. , 25c alternately. Accordingly, each of the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c simply operates over a predetermined time interval. After this time interval, one high-pressure fuel pump is stopped and the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c One of them is operated over a predetermined time interval. Of the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, 25c, those that are not currently delivering ignition fluid in the gaseous fuel operating mode are deactivated in the gaseous fuel operating mode. Thus, at any point in time, only the particular high pressure fuel pump 25a or 25b or 25c that is currently delivering ignition fluid is operating in the gaseous fuel mode of operation. In contrast, the other high pressure fuel pumps 25b and 25c or 25a and 25c or 25a and 25b are deactivated. In the gaseous fuel operation mode, the high-pressure fuel pumps 25a, 25b, and 25c can operate in any order from the viewpoint of such interval switching and standby.

２ シリンダ、９ 燃焼室、２３ デュアルフューエルエンジン、２４ コモンレール型燃料供給装置、２５ａ，２５ｂ，２５ｃ 高圧燃料ポンプ、２７ａ，２７ｂ，２７ｃ チョーク 2 cylinders, 9 combustion chambers, 23 dual fuel engines, 24 common rail fuel supply devices, 25a, 25b, 25c high pressure fuel pumps, 27a, 27b, 27c chokes

Claims (8)

複数のシリンダ（２）を備えるデュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）であって、
当該デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）の液体燃料動作モードにおいて、前記シリンダ（２）の燃焼室（９）には、液体燃料を燃焼させるために、複数の燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）を備える燃料供給装置（２４）を通して液体燃料が供給され、
当該デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）の気体燃料動作モードにおいて、前記シリンダ（２）の前記燃焼室（９）には、一方では、気体状燃料を燃焼させるために、気体状燃料が供給され、他方では、点火流体を点火させるために、点火流体が供給され、
当該デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）の前記気体燃料動作モードにおける前記液体燃料のための前記燃料供給装置（２４）が、前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が交互に前記点火流体を給送するように、前記シリンダ（２）の前記燃焼室（９）に前記点火流体を供給することを特徴とするデュアルフューエルエンジン。 A dual fuel engine (23) comprising a plurality of cylinders (2),
In the liquid fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine (23), the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2) includes a plurality of fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c) for burning the liquid fuel. Liquid fuel is supplied through the supply device (24),
In the gaseous fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine (23), the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2) is supplied with gaseous fuel on the one hand for burning the gaseous fuel, In order to ignite the ignition fluid, the ignition fluid is supplied,
The fuel supply device (24) for the liquid fuel in the gaseous fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine (23) causes the fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c) to alternately supply the ignition fluid. Further, the ignition fluid is supplied to the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2). 前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が、当該デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）のカムシャフトから駆動されるポンプとして具現化されており、
前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）それぞれには、当該燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）それぞれの給送速度を調整するために調整可能である調整可能なチョーク（２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃ）が割り当てられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のデュアルフューエルエンジン。 The fuel pump (25a, 25b, 25c) is embodied as a pump driven from the cam shaft of the dual fuel engine (23),
Each of the fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c) has an adjustable choke (27a, 27b, 27c) that can be adjusted to adjust the feed speed of each of the fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c). The dual fuel engine according to claim 1, wherein the dual fuel engine is assigned. 前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が、プラグインポンプとして具現化されていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載のデュアルフューエルエンジン。   The dual fuel engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel pump (25a, 25b, 25c) is embodied as a plug-in pump. 前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が、コモンレール型燃料供給装置（２４）の高圧燃料ポンプであることを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載のデュアルフューエルエンジン。   The dual fuel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel pump (25a, 25b, 25c) is a high-pressure fuel pump of a common rail fuel supply device (24). 前記気体燃料動作モードにおいて点火流体を現在給送していない前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が、前記気体燃料動作モードにおいて待機していることを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載のデュアルフューエルエンジン。   5. The fuel pump (25a, 25b, 25c) that is not currently delivering ignition fluid in the gaseous fuel operating mode is waiting in the gaseous fuel operating mode. 2. The dual fuel engine according to item 1. 複数のシリンダを備えるデュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）を動作させるための方法であって、
前記デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）の液体燃料動作モードにおいて、前記シリンダ（２）の燃焼室（９）には、液体燃料を燃焼させるために、複数の燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）を備える燃料供給装置（２４）を通して、液体燃料が供給され、
前記デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）の気体燃料動作モードにおいて、前記シリンダ（２）の前記燃焼室（９）には、一方では、気体状燃料を燃焼するために、気体状燃料が供給され、他方では、点火流体を点火させるために、点火流体が供給され、
前記デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）の前記気体燃料動作モードにおける前記液体燃料のための前記燃料供給装置（２４）が、前記燃料供給装置の燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が交互に前記点火流体を給送するように、前記シリンダ（２）の前記燃焼室（９）に前記点火流体を供給することを特徴とする方法。 A method for operating a dual fuel engine (23) comprising a plurality of cylinders,
In the liquid fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine (23), the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2) includes a plurality of fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c) for burning the liquid fuel. Liquid fuel is supplied through the supply device (24),
In the gaseous fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine (23), the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2) is supplied with gaseous fuel on the one hand to burn gaseous fuel, In order to ignite the ignition fluid, the ignition fluid is supplied,
The fuel supply device (24) for the liquid fuel in the gaseous fuel operation mode of the dual fuel engine (23), and the fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c) of the fuel supply device alternately supply the ignition fluid. A method, characterized in that the ignition fluid is supplied to the combustion chamber (9) of the cylinder (2) to be fed. 前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が、前記デュアルフューエルエンジン（２３）のカムシャフトから駆動され、
前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）それぞれの給送速度が、当該燃料ポンプに割り当てられたチョーク（２７ａ、２７ｂ、２７ｃ）を通して調整されることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の方法。 The fuel pumps (25a, 25b, 25c) are driven from the camshaft of the dual fuel engine (23);
Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the feed rate of each fuel pump (25a, 25b, 25c) is adjusted through a choke (27a, 27b, 27c) assigned to the fuel pump. 前記気体燃料動作モードにおいて今のところ点火流体を給送していない前記燃料ポンプ（２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ）が、前記気体燃料動作モードにおいて作動停止していることを特徴とする請求項６または７に記載の方法。   8. The fuel pump (25a, 25b, 25c) that is not currently delivering ignition fluid in the gaseous fuel operating mode is deactivated in the gaseous fuel operating mode. The method described in 1.
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